Background: ERP systems constitute the technological ‘backbone’ for organisations since all business process are mapped within the system. In the recent years, there is a transition to cloud-based ERP systems that large companies consider following. The implementation of a CERP system is a joint effort between the adopting company and the consultancy. Therefore, CSFs need to be defined that are essential for the success of the CERP project from both the consultant and client-side project manager perspective.  Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to analyse how consultants and client-side project managers perceive CSFs for the successful implementation of a cloud-based ERP system in large companies. Herein, commonalties in perception as well as perception gaps were analysed. Method: This study adopted an abductive qualitative approach. A multiple case study including seven cases was carried out. The empirical data was collected through semi-structured interviews. A cross-case analysis was carried out to shed light on commonalties in perceptions as well as perception gap and the reasoning behind it. The findings were then compared to existing literature. Conclusion: The findings of these study discovered that there are commonalties in perceptions as well as perception gaps of the CSFs. Most importantly, the CSFs ‘Communication’, ‘Involvement of users and training’ as well as ‘System testing’ are deemed as critical by both consultants and client-side project managers.

I takt med den exponentiella tillväxten av digitala framsteg har traditionella arbetsmetodergradvis blivit föråldrade och mindre anpassade till dagens krav och behov. Därav väljer fleraorganisationer att genomgå en förändring och adoptera det agila arbetssättet. Att genomgå enförändring är en komplex och riskabel process. Inte minst är en övergång till agilarbetsmetodik en krävande sådan då denna metodik tror på självorganisering och innebär enstor förändring för människors tänkande och beteende. Det har tidigare även saknats praxissom ska hjälpa organisationer att övergå till agilt arbete. För att fylla detta kunskapsgap ärstudiens syfte att undersöka individers upplevelser inom en organisation vars team genomgåtten förändring till att arbeta agilt. Detta för att kunna identifiera teamens framgångsfaktorersamt om de stött på hinder under förändringens gång. För att uppnå detta har en induktivflerfallsstudie genomförts innefattande dokument och nio semistrukturerade intervjuerfördelat på tre olika team inom olika avdelningar på en organisation. Studiens resulterade isju framgångsfaktorer och fem hinder vilket ansetts vara väsentliga vid en övergång till agiltarbete. / With the exponential growth of digital advancements, traditional work methods havegradually become obsolete and less adapted to today's demands and needs. As a result,several organizations choose to undergo a change and adopt the agile way of working.Undergoing a change is a complex and risky process. Not least, a transition to agile workmethodology is a demanding one as this methodology believes in self-organization andinvolves a major change for people's thinking and behavior. In the past, there has also been alack of practices to help organizations transition to agile work. To fill this knowledge gap, theaim of the study is to investigate the experiences of individuals within an organization whoseteam has undergone a change to work agile. This is to be able to identify the teams' successfactors and whether they encountered obstacles during the course of the change. To achievethis, an inductive multiple case study has been carried out including documents and ninesemi-structured interviews distributed among three different teams within differentdepartments of an organization. The study resulted in seven success factors and fiveobstacles, which were considered to be essential in a transition to agile work.

Product configuration systems (PCS) have the ability to significantly streamline the internal sales process within engineering-to-order (ETO) companies due to its ability to e.g. automate design and quotation processes. This is made possible through the accumulation of product specific knowledge put into a software which is used to create customer adaptable products at lower costs. PCS development is regarded resource heavy endeavors, and many projects have thus a hard time achieving an overall profitability. Recent studies have tried to establish frameworks that supports companies in achieving successful implementation processes. However, these studies mainly focus on technical implications and monetary benefits while lacking to establish and consider a comprehensive picture for the likelihood of PCS success. Thereby, this case study establishes a holistic framework for executives of ETO companies to consider when deciding on whether to invest in a PCS. The findings show that PCS provides benefits to its adopting organization by reducing engineering time and lead time during the sales process, increasing product specification quality, improving knowledge facilitation, contributing to the development of a streamlining mindset among its employees and provide the organization with an increased digital agility. For the organization to reap these benefits, it is highly dependent on its current setting (e.g. available resources, competences, organizational identity etc.), which should be evaluated thoroughly before deciding for investment. The study show that PCS investment should, in addition to streamlining sales process, be seen as a strategic investment. In a society influenced by digital solutions, PCS investment can be regarded a catalyst for organizations to become malleable, which have been suggested as a prerequisite for organizations in order to adopt to a digitally driven business environment. Additionally, implementing a PCS showed to contribute to the three pillars of sustainability by streamlining both the sales process as well as the, to some extent, assembly and production processes.

For the past decades, more and more organisations have started to recognise that they can apply open innovation (OI), the process in which an organisation shares knowledge, experiences and ideas with external parties. When applying OI, organisations can face problems in letting ideas flow throughout their complex networks and thus unconsciously restrict their innovation process. They can be unaware that certain key behavioural roles can enable ideas to flow better and thus unrestrain the innovation process. The purpose of this thesis was to investigate the challenges and success factors that organisations should be aware of when applying open innovation as well as to investigate and analyse the existing key networks and key behavioural roles of organisations that apply open innovation. The findings were obtained through qualitative and semi-structured interviews with: five expert organisations in OI (the prestudy) and eight companies that apply OI (the case study). The study was delimited to collaborations of large and established companies. The findings show that having management commitment and creating an open culture are both challenges and success factors when applying OI. Other success factors are finding the right partner, having trust and transparency and aiming for the win-win concept. Organisations have an internal-, external- and absorbent network, out of which the external is the most emphasised and the internal one is easily overlooked. It is in the absorbent network where different people meet to absorb and develop potential ideas. The key behavioural roles needed in the absorbent network are the broker, team creator, supporter, energiser and challenger. / De senaste decennierna har fler organisationer börjat upptäcka att de kan applicera öppen innovation, processen där en organisation delar med sig av kunskap, erfarenheter och idéer med externa parter. När organisationer applicerar öppen innovation kan de stöta på problem med att låta idéer flöda genom deras komplexa nätverk och därmed omedvetet begränsa deras innovationsprocess. De kan vara ovetande om att vissa nyckelroller kan göra att idéer flödar bättre och därigenom smörjer innovationsprocessen. Syftet med att detta examensarbete var att undersöka vilka utmaningar och framgångsfaktorer organisationer bör känna till när de applicerar öppen innovation samt att undersöka och analysera de nyckelnätverk och nyckelroller som existerar i organisationer som applicerar öppen innovation. Resultatett erhölls genom kvalitativa och semistrukturerade intervjuer med: fem expertorganisationer inom öppen innovation (förstudien) och åtta företag som applicerar öppen innovation (fallstudien). Studien avgränsades till stora och etablerade företags samarbeten. Resultaten visar ledningsengagemang och en öppen kultur är både utmaningar och framgångsfaktorer när öppen innovation appliceras. Ytterligare framgångsfaktorer är att hitta rätt partner, ha förtroende och transparens samt jobba mot "win-win". Organisationer har ett internt, externt och absorberande nätverk, där det externa nätverket får mest fokus och det interna lätt förbises. Det är i det absorberande nätverket där olika individer möts för att absorbera och utveckla potentiella idéer. Nyckelrollerna som behövs i det absorberande nätverket är bryggan, teamskaparen, supportern, ambassadören och utmanaren.

Titel: ”Ingen ung ska bli kriminell” - Ett brottsförebyggande samverkansarbete mellan skola, socialtjänst, polis och fritid mot ungdomskriminalitet. Studiens syfte är att undersöka samverkan mellan socialtjänst, skola, polis och fritid (SSPF) vid ett förebyggande arbete mot ungdomskriminalitet i en stad i Hallands län. Samverkan utgör en central roll i denna typ av arbete i syfte att fånga upp samt förebygga att unga hamnar i kriminalitet. För att möjliggöra detta förutsätter det en fungerande samverkan mellan olika myndigheter. Genom en kvalitativ studie genomfördes semistrukturerade intervjuer med verksamma aktörer i den utvalda staden för att undersöka vilka hinder och möjligheter aktörerna upplevde samt effekter av samverkansarbetet. Resultatet analyserades med hjälp av tidigare forskning inom området och utvalda teorier för att förklara samverkansprocessen. Resultatet visade på en ökad förståelse av de olika aktörernas roll i samverkan. Det visade även att drivkraften var att sträva efter gemensamma mål, att ha en vilja samt engagemang. Dessutom visar resultatet att faktorer som relationsskapande och samsyn var av stor betydelse för en god samverkan. Hinder som framkom i studien var bristen på ekonomiska resurser samt tid. Positiva effekter som visades var hur samverkan möjliggjorde arbetet att fånga upp barn och ungdomar i ett tidigt skede för att förhindra utveckling av ett normbrytande beteende. / Title: ”No young person should become a criminal” - Crime prevention collaborative work between schools, social services, police and free time (activities), against youth crime. The purpose of this study is to examine the collaboration between social services, schools, police and free time activities (SSPF) in an effort to prevent youth criminality in Hallands county. Collaboration plays a central role in this type of effort in order to catch and prevent young people from falling into crime. To make this possible, it requires an effective cooperation between different authorities. Through a qualitative study, semi-structured interviews are conducted with people active within the city to investigate what obstacles and opportunities people experienced and the effects of the collaboration. The results were analysed using previous research in the field and selected theories to explain the collaboration process. The result showed an increased understanding of the role of the various people involved in the collaboration. It also showed driving forces such as motivation for common goals, having a will and commitment. Furthermore, the results show that factors such as relationship building and consensus were of great importance for good collaboration. Obstacles that emerged in the study were financial resources and lack of time. Positive effects that were shown were how the collaboration made it possible to embrace children and young people at an early stage to prevent the development of a norm-breaking behaviour.

The purpose of this study was to determine principals' perceptions of how effective mentoring programs and university-based principal preparation programs are in developing the skills necessary to carry out the 13 critical success factors identified by the Southern Regional Education Board (SREB). A review of the literature addressed what it means to be an effective principal and what an effective mentoring program should look like. The quantitative study was conducted using a survey developed from the SREB's 13 critical success factors that have been developed to determine what makes a successful, effective principal. Each factor was developed into a question about whether or not Northeast Tennessee principals perceive that they were adequately prepared to be successful principals in their principal preparation programs and if they received any training through a mentoring program on these same 13 factors once they received their principalship. The overall results indicated that few principals participated in a formal mentoring program and those who did received a marginal amount of assistance on the critical factors identified by the SREB. The results also showed that, overall, the respondents indicated that they received more adequate leadership training during their principal preparation programs on the SREB's factors in their classroom experience than they did through their hands-on experience; although, respondents did not give particularly high marks to either experience. Furthermore, respondents who belong to a cohort scored their training higher than those who did not belong to a cohort, and those who received a degree higher than a master's degree reported a higher level of training than did their peers with only master's degrees on some of the SREB's critical success factors.

The office market has traditionally been observed to be too inflexible to satisfy dynamic workspace demands. Market forces have continuously compressed lengths of commercial leases and new office solutions have evolved. As a result, the coworking sector, associated with a shared workspace environment, has become a multibillion-dollar industry. The aim of this study is to provide insights into the demand for flexible office solutions and the factors that make the coworking sector successful. A theoretical framework based on previously published research and literature is provided in order to examine and analyse the research question. The study is founded on empirical data based on a qualitative research methodology. The results are mainly based on a case study in London where the largest coworking operator WeWork has been studied. To support the case and increase the validity of the study, three supporting sources have been interviewed. The results show that there is a strong connection between the overall development of the business landscape and the growth of the coworking sector. Three factors were established to influence the demand for flexible office solutions: the volatile dynamics of today’s businesses, globalisation and its effects on migration, and the office market’s ridged lease structure. Furthermore, several factors were found to impact the success of the sector, including the natural development of clusters. The study implies that it is possible that the effects of the coworking sector will change the dynamics of the existing structures within the office market. / Historiskt sett har kontorsmarknaden upplevts som för rigid för att kunna tillgodose flexibla kontorskrav. Marknadskrafter har kontinuerligt komprimerat längderna av kommersiella hyresavtal och nya kontorslösningar har vuxit fram. Som en följd av detta har coworking-sektorn och dess delade kontorsmiljö vuxit till en miljardindustri. Syftet med denna studien är att bidra med insikter till efterfrågan bakom flexibla kontorslösningar och de faktorer som gör coworking-sektorn framgångsrik. Ett teoretiskt ramverk som är baserat på tidigare publicerad forskning och litteratur har utformats för att kunna undersöka och analysera forskningsfrågan. Studien bygger på det teoretiska ramverket tillsammans med en kvalitativ forskningsmetod. Resultatet baseras i huvudsak på en fallstudie i London där den största coworking-operatören WeWork har studerats. För att stödja fallstudien och öka studiens validitet har ytterligare tre aktörer intervjuats. Resultaten visar att det finns en stark koppling mellan den övergripande utvecklingen av näringslivet och coworking-sektorn. Tre faktorer har fastställts påverka efterfrågan på flexibla på flexibla kontorslösningar: den volatila dynamiken bland dagens företag, globalisering och dess effekter på migration samt kontorsmarkandes rigida kontraktsstruktur. Vidare har flera faktorer visat sig påverka sektorns framgång, inklusive den naturliga förekomsten av klusterbildning. Det är möjligt att coworking-sektorn kommer förändra de befintliga strukturerna på kontorsmarknaden.

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Att utveckla bra relationer med sina kunder är en avgörande faktor för ett företags framgång. Deinteraktioner med företaget som kunden gör kan ses som en resa där bland annat framgångsfaktorernakommunikation, transparens och intern kompetens är väsentliga för en stor kundnöjdhet. Det är mångaföretag idag som utesluter det ena eller det andre på bekostnad av kundnöjdheten.Syftet med denna kandidatuppsats i informatik är att identifiera och beskriva framgångsfaktorer för enförbättrad relation mellan kund och företag samt hur ett CRM-system fungerar som möjliggörare medutgångspunkt i ett kundreseperspektiv. Metoden för denna uppsats är fallstudiemetoden, dåundersökningen gäller en viss situation och unika processer hos det valda fallföretaget. För att fångaspecifika erfarenheter och uppfattningar för fallet, så har semistrukturerade intervjuer genomförts.De viktigaste slutsatserna från denna studie är att relationen mellan kund och företag utifrånett kundreseperspektiv bör ses utifrån hur både kunden och företaget upplever det. Båda parternasgrundtankar överensstämmer i hög grad gällande kundens resa, såsom att det finns beröringspunktersom är väsentlig för kundnöjdhet. Det som detta bidrar till är att öka en förståelse för vad som faktisktupplevs värdefullt i en relation mellan kund och företag. Framgångsfaktorerna kunnig personal,kundinformationshantering, att ta hand om kundens förväntningar, kommunikation och transparensoch stöd från ledningen, är alla framgångsfaktorer som hör till kundresans olika faser och bidrar till ennöjd kund. Slutligen har stödfunktioner hos ett CRM-system identifierats för varje fas i kundresan:fördefinierade frågor till kunden, stötta kundsupport, prioritera och hantera ärenden och förmedlaersättningsbeslut till kunden.

KM is the process of creating value from the intangible assets of an enterprise. It deals with how best to leverage knowledge internally in the enterprise (in its individual employees, and the knowledge that gets built into its structures and systems) and externally to the customers and stakeholders. As KM initiatives, projects and systems are just beginning to appear in organisations, there is little research and empirical field data to guide the successful development and implementation of such systems or to guide the expectations of the potential benefits of such systems. In addition, about 84 per cent of KM programmes failed or exerted no significant impact on the adopting organisations worldwide due to inability to consider many critical factors that contribute to the success of KM project implementation. Hence, this study is an exploratory investigation into the KM implementation based on an integrated approach. This includes: (1) a comprehensive review of the relevant literature; (2) a comprehensive analysis of secondary case studies of KM implementations in 90 organisations presented in the literature, in order to arrive at the most critical factors of KM implementation and their degree of criticality; (3) exploratory global survey of 92 organisations in 23 countries that have already implemented or are in the process of implementing KM; (4) in-depth case studies of four leading organisations to understand how KM implementation processes and the critical factors identified are being addressed. Based on the empirical findings of the study, 28 critical factors were identified that must be carefully considered in the KM implementation to achieve a successful project. Moreover, the study proposes an integrated model for effective KM implementation which contains essential elements that contribute to project success. / Government of Saudi Arabia represented by King Saud University.