Starting a business requires careful preparation to succeed. The failure of a business is often potentially detrimental to an efficient market economy. An understanding of how to start a business and why some companies succeed is crucial to the stability and health of the economy. The purpose of the study is to examine the entrepreneurs' experiences of how to start their own company and what makes a company successful. The study is based on a qualitative approach with semi-structured interviews as design. Targeted selection was chosen in the study with a total of five respondents participating in the survey in Västerås. Data were analyzed by a manifest content analysis. The results show five important categories that have a significant effect on how to start a successful business. The categories were "Motivation", "Business idea", "Quality", "Knowledge" and "Business plan". According to entrepreneurs' experience, these five categories play a significant role in succeeding and overcoming challenges that may arise along the way. The conclusions are to facilitate the process of how to start your own business, it is important to consider the five categories to succeed and increase the chance of success.

The failure rate among small businesses is high. More than half of all small businesses fail within the first 7 years of operation. The purpose of this multi-case study was to explore the strategies that successful small ethnic restaurant owners employed to remain operable beyond 7 years. Three successful ethnic restaurant owners who have been operating their restaurant for at least 7 years in Greater Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada were selected. Data were gathered from participant interviews and from an examination of available physical artifacts such as the locations, premises, websites, and social media pages. The resource-based view by Edith Penrose was the underlying conceptual framework for this research. Within-method triangulation was used to ensure the rigorousness of the study. In the study, 5 themes were identified: hard work, interest or passion, family support, location, and food and service quality. These findings underscore the importance of hard work, business interest, family support, prime location, and quality food for successful small businesses. Current and future small ethnic restaurant business owners may apply these findings to improve their business performance and survival rate.

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Syfte och frågeställningar: Syftet med denna studie är att bidra till ökad kunskap inom kundorientering genom att undersöka hur nöjda kunder skapas både utifrån organisationers och konsumenters perspektiv för att på så vis få en djupare förståelse av goda kundupplevelser.  ● Hur skapar framgångsrika organisationer nöjda kunder?  ● Vad innebär goda kundupplevelser för konsumenter?   Metod: Kvalitativa intervjustudier. Studie 1 utgörs av fyra intervjuer med representanter från framgångsrika företag, studie 2 utgörs av tjugo intervjuer med oberoende konsumenter. Efter insamlad data har separata innehållsanalyser genomförts vilka har resulterat i två träddiagram. Resultat: I studie 1 identifierades fyra viktiga huvudteman för att organisationer ska kunna skapa nöjda kunder, dessa är Alla ska med, Kunden är kung, Bygg en stark grund och Ständig utveckling. I studie 2 identifierades fyra viktiga teman för att skapa goda kundupplevelser, dessa är Personligt bemötande, Pålitlighet, Enkelhet och Det lilla extra. Slutsats: Studierna visar att samtliga identifierade teman behövs för att skapa nöjda kunder men att teman från studie 2 har olika vikt beroende på vilken typ av kundupplevelse det handlar om. Studie 1 bekräftar tidigare teorier om att kvalitetsutveckling och nöjda kunder går hand i hand. Båda studierna visar att en satsning på att förbättra kundupplevelsen också leder till ökad lönsamhet eftersom konsumenter som fått goda upplevelser skapar långsiktiga relationer med företagen medan negativa upplevelser gör att konsumenterna istället bojkottar företaget i fråga. Detta innebär att arbete med kundorientering blir allt viktigare och att skapa goda kundupplevelser därför är bästa sättet för verksamheter att sticka ut i mängden. / Purpose and issues: The purpose of this study is to contribute to increased knowledge in customer orientation by exploring how satisfied customers are created from the perspective of both organizations and consumers in order to gain a deeper understanding of good customer experiences.  ● How do successful organizations create satisfied customers?  ● What do good customer experiences mean for consumers?   Method: Qualitative interview studies. Study 1 consists of four interviews with representatives from successful businesses, study 2 consists of twenty interviews with independent consumers. After collecting data, separate content analyzes have been performed which have resulted in two tree diagrams. Findings: Study 1 identified four main themes for organizations to be able to create satisfied customers. These are: Everyone must be involved, The customer is king, Build a strong foundation and Continuous development. Study 2 identified four important themes for creating good customer experiences according to the customers, these are Personal treatment, Reliability, Simplicity and Go the extra mile. Conclusion: The research studies show that all identified themes are needed to create satisfied customers, but that themes from study 2 are of varying importance depending on the type of customer experience. Study 1 confirms previous theories that quality development and satisfied customers have a strong connection. Both studies show that an investment in improving the customer experience also leads to increased profitability because consumers who have had good experiences create long-term relationships with companies, while negative experiences mean that consumers instead boycott the company. This implies that the work with customer orientation is becoming increasingly important and creating good customer experiences is therefore the best way for businesses to stand out from the competition. / <p>2021-06-06</p>

2008 年擁有158 年歷史的美國投資銀行，雷曼兄弟控股公司( Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. )的破產，掀起全球性的金融風暴，進而促使全球經濟同時性大衰退。 曾經是美國、甚至全球最大的企業的通用汽車也蒙受嚴重波及，而宣告破產重整。 百年歷史的GM 公司的倒閉，使得『企業規模越大，越不會倒閉』的傳統觀念破滅 了！根據統計，一般企業的壽命，約在30 年，而世界上仍有許多維繫超過百年甚至 更久遠的企業。促使那些擁有百年歷史的企業，永續經營特質是什麼? 回顧1990 年，普拉哈(C.K. Prahalad) 和蓋瑞‧哈默爾 (Gary Hamel) 於「哈佛商 業評論」上發表了企業核心競爭力（Core Competence）模型的論文以及唐納．薩 爾 (Donald N. Sull) (2003) 在「成功不墜」所闡述企業永續經營模型。還有，日本 京都大學經濟學研究所的末松千尋教授於2002 年提出京都企業經營模式研究論 述。三者構成本論文研究的理論模型基礎架構。藉由NEC 的個案，以質化個案研究 的方式，對照這個模型架構，探討NEC 公司永續經營的特質，印證本理論架構基礎 的實用性與完整性。研究成果將可提供國內企業，邁向國際化、全球化、永續經營 上策略思考之參考。 本研究從NEC 個案中獲得企業永續經營準則、永續成功經營模式為： 一、 擬訂企業策略發展意圖，建構企業願景。 二、 藉由不斷創新，建構企業核心競爭能力。 三、 認識企業存在的意義，重視顧客滿意。 四、 建立開放平台，與供應商的水平分工。 五、 隨著經營環境變遷，勇於適時變革。 關鍵字：永續經營特質，企業核心競爭力，企業經營模式，成功經營模式 / A 158- year-old firm, the 4th largest investment bank in the USA, Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. announced its bankruptcy in 2008.Rapidly stirred up a global financial credit crisis and became to a worldwide economic recession concurrently. The ever being biggest company in the USA and even in the world, General Motors Corporation was engulfed seriously and finally also sank into bankruptcy protection by the economic recession. Even having hundred years history company like GM Corp. was forced to reorganize by bankruptcy protection. The traditional concept, 「The larger of the scale of a company the less possibilty of the company will collapse」,was ruined！According to some statistics a company can last for about 30 years for average. But there are still many firms lasting for more than hundred years in the world. What is sustainable managerial essence of those firms? Let us review their theses of core compentence of the corporation in the article of Harvard Business Review in 1990 by Mr. C.K. Prahalad and Mr. Gary Hamel. and the theses of company`s sustainable managerial model in the book of「Revival of the Fittest」in 2003 by Mr. Donald N. Sull. Also let us review the theses of 「Kyo-siki strategic business model」in 2002 by Mr. Chihiro Suematsu, Professor of Kyoto University Graduate School of Economics. These three above expounding form the basic model of theory of this research. By the case study of NEC Corporation, taking antithesis of these expounding, a case study of qualitative research oriented, tries to find sustainable managerial essence of NEC and to prove the practicality and the completeness of the basic model of theory of this research. The research thesis is trying to offer some strategic references to the company in Taiwan during creating its sustainable managerial essence for company on the way of internationalization and globalization of company. From this research of NEC case study it has found some conclusions about company`s sustainable managerial priceples or company`s sustainable successful business model as the followings： 1. Implementing strategic intents and setting up visions for the company. 2. Building core competencies for the company by constant innovations. 3. Realizing the meanings of company`s existence and taking customer satisfaction as the first priority. 4. Constructting an open platforms for business collateral integration with vendors and partners. 5. Being brave in timly transfoming for the company fitting changes of the business environment. Key Words：sustainable managerial essence，core competence，managerial model，sustainable successful business model