Den gångna säsongen i fotbollsallsvenskan har varit väldigt turbulent. En hel del supporterrelaterade oroligheter skedde vid flera olika tillfällen. Därför har vi valt att ta reda på uppfattningar om hur en elitfotbollsklubb drabbas och vad som eventuellt skulle gå att förbättra. Den kvalitativa metod som använts i studien är grundad teori och har utgått ifrån intervjuer som genomförts med personer kopplade till en svensk elitfotbollsklubb. De som ställt upp har varit både tjänstemän samt spelare inifrån klubben, supporterpolis, risksupporter samt icke risksupporter. Det framkom intressanta resultat efter det att intervjuerna hade analyserats. Det visade sig att både supportrarna och klubben tyckte att det var en bristfällig dialog dem emellan. Det framkom även att läget var detsamma gällande dialogen mellan polisen och klubben samt polis och supportrar. Att makten spelar in blir tydligt utav resultatet då supportarna vill en sak, polisen en annan, förbundet en och klubben en. Det fanns tendenser till missnöje med hur ledningen inom klubben sköter sig. Det fanns även tendenser till hur polisen sköter sig vid matchevenemang. Genom dessa olika resultat har det arbetats fram en modell som vi valt att kalla ’’diamantmodellen’’. Tanken är att modellen skall kunna vara ett hjälpmedel för att underlätta det framtida arbetet hos idrottsliga verksamheter gällande dialogen och kontakten mellan de inblandade parterna. / This past season in the Swedish football league has been very turbulent. A lot of fan-related disturbances occurred on several different occasions. Therefore we have decided to find out views on how an elite footballclub is affected and what is possible to improve. The qualitative methodology used in this study is grounded theory and has been based on interviews conducted with people connected to a Swedish elite football club. Those who participated has been both officials and players from within the club, supporterpolice, risk supporters and non-risk supporters. We had very interesting results that came out of these interviews once we had analyzed them. It turned out that both the supporters and the club thought it was a deficient dialogue between both sides. There was also a lack of dialogue between the police and the club, and also a lack of dialogue between police and supporters. That power was of great meaning become clear in the results as the supporters wants one thing, the police one thing, the footballassociation wants one thing and the footballclub wants something else. There were signs of dissatisfaction with how the leadership in the footballclub are doing and also signs of how the police are doing in game events. Through these results, a model called ''the diamond model'' has been created. The idea is that the model should be a tool to facilitate the future work of the sporting activities of existing dialogue and contact between the parties involved.

Purpose/method: The purpose of this research is to investigate how and if football supporters’ and non-supporters’ attitude towards football clubs is affected when they read about football related events on social media. To research this phenomenon a quantitative method constituting a survey was used to find parallels and to find patterns of the impact on different persons and what situations have the greatest impact on people. Conclusion: To conclude, this research shows that posts about football related events have a strong impact on the most hardcore supporters but also on people who are not interested in football at all. Furthermore, negative events such as hooliganism during football matches are one of few incidents which have the greatest impact on people. However, there are incidents that have positive effects on people when they spread on social media as well, for example sport success. The credibility of social media was relative high which in turn leads to more people being affected of what they read since they believe that what they read is also true. Contribution: The practical contribution of this essay is to help Swedish football clubs in their work with social media and to understand the impact of social media on their club. In addition the research will guide clubs on which details are most important to work with to build a good relationship with supporters and possible supporters on social media. The theoretical contribution is to get a deeper understanding of how the attitude of supporters and non-supporters can be affected when they read different news on social media.

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the role played by treatment supporters in promoting patients’ treatment outcomes in six TB clinics of Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality, Gauteng. A descriptive research design was used to study TB patients who were registered in the clinics in April and May 2006. Interviews were conducted on 216 new adult patients six months after their registration at clinics, all 30 treatment supporters of those who had supporters and the staff responsible for TB at the six clinics at which the patients were registered. The patients were grouped into those who had supporters 53% (n=115) and those who did not 47% (n=101). Patients’ response rate was 97%. Treatment outcomes were compared between these two groups. Results showed that significantly more supported patients achieved successful outcomes than patients who did not have supporters. The results did not change when transfers and deaths were excluded from the measurement. Successful treatment outcomes were significantly associated with treatment supporters having fewer than 10 patients, patients living with someone, patients of age 40 or more years, male patients, those whose highest education levels were tertiary and secondary. Patients and clinic staff said that supporters were useful in checking on patients’ treatment, giving medicine, counselling and advising patients on medication and in practical help. Conclusion: Treatment supporters had a significant role in promoting patients’ treatment outcomes. It is recommended that TB treatment programme staff should consider using treatment supporters in their programmes.

Yes / Objectives: Younger people with dementia face significant challenges in gaining access to age- and needs-appropriate support. In this paper, we tell the story so far, of the ANGELA Research Project, which seeks to develop guidance to improve the ‘dementia journey’ for younger people with dementia and their families/supporters. Design: Our story is one of a research group aiming to conduct clinically relevant research to achieve positive changes for younger people with dementia. Our research journey will last 3 years and is now almost one year in. In this article, we aim to convey some of the decisions we have made to date, and what lies ahead for a successful implementation. Methods: So far, we have been forming as a research group and turning our initial ideas into plans that will work in the real world. Our methods for ensuring all elements of the project work well have involved internal and external aspects and processes. These have included involvement with and feedback from experts-by-experience and an advisory panel. Results: To date we have generated a protocol for all the key elements and have launched the Improving Support and Service Use Survey; a national survey gathering evidence from younger people with dementia and their supporters. In this article, we present how we aim to move forward to bring positive real-life changes to the lives of those affected by young onset dementia. Conclusions: There is a cautiously happy ending to this first phase, as we are now collecting data. However, the judgement of whether the Angela Project is a success overall will depend on whether it makes a difference at its conclusion to younger people with dementia and their supporters. / Alzheimer’s Society (ref: 278 AS-PG 15b-034).

In this study we have examined how Swedish tabloid newspapers portray supporters in regard to the deadly assault at the Allsvenskan premiere in Helsingborg between Helsingborgs IF and Djurgårdens IF in 2014. We have analyzed published articles in the two biggest tabloid newspapers in Sweden – Aftonbladet and Expressen. Our main findings show that journalists tend to generalize and stigmatize all supporters when writing about hooligans. There is also confusion regarding different groups within the supporter community.

A presente pesquisa teve como principal objetivo compreender quais os efeitos que a transformação de um estádio brasileiro de futebol em uma arena multiuso, à luz das exigências da Federação Internacional de Futebol (FIFA), traz para as formas de torcer. Para tanto, foi realizada uma etnografia nos jogos da Sociedade Esportiva Palmeiras (SEP) disputados no Allianz Parque, inaugurado em 2014 após quatros anos de reforma no Estádio Palestra Itália, campo pertencente à Sociedade Esportiva Palmeiras (SEP), considerado um dos clubes de maior relevância no cenário futebolístico de São Paulo e do Brasil. Com base em meses de observações, pôde-se perceber um fluxo de práticas torcedoras entre o que acontece dentro e fora da arena. Isto porque a localização do Allianz Parque, na zona oeste paulistana, possibilita a criação de uma territorialidade palmeirense, onde equipamentos físicos, tais quais bares e sedes de torcidas organizadas, misturam-se a um código moral, regido pelo clubismo, nas ruas do entorno da arena. / This research sought to understand the effects that the transformation of a Brazilian football stadium into a multi-purpose arena, according to the demands of FIFA - International Federation of Association Football -, brought to the act of supporting a club. In order to do so, it presents an ethnography of the games played at the Allianz Parque. The arena was innaugurated in 2014, after four years of renewal work on the Palestra Itália Stadium, a field belonging to the Sociedade Esportiva Palmeiras (SEP), considered one of the most relevant football clubs in both São Paulo and Brazil. After months of observations, it was possible to notice a flow of practices of support between what happens inside and outside the arena. That happens because the place where the Allianz Parque is built, to the west of town, creates a \'Palmeiras territoriality\' in which physical equipment such as pubs and football firms headquarters mix themselves into a moral code guided by the club itself in the streets surrounding the arena.

A presente pesquisa teve como principal objetivo compreender quais os efeitos que a transformação de um estádio brasileiro de futebol em uma arena multiuso, à luz das exigências da Federação Internacional de Futebol (FIFA), traz para as formas de torcer. Para tanto, foi realizada uma etnografia nos jogos da Sociedade Esportiva Palmeiras (SEP) disputados no Allianz Parque, inaugurado em 2014 após quatros anos de reforma no Estádio Palestra Itália, campo pertencente à Sociedade Esportiva Palmeiras (SEP), considerado um dos clubes de maior relevância no cenário futebolístico de São Paulo e do Brasil. Com base em meses de observações, pôde-se perceber um fluxo de práticas torcedoras entre o que acontece dentro e fora da arena. Isto porque a localização do Allianz Parque, na zona oeste paulistana, possibilita a criação de uma territorialidade palmeirense, onde equipamentos físicos, tais quais bares e sedes de torcidas organizadas, misturam-se a um código moral, regido pelo clubismo, nas ruas do entorno da arena. / This research sought to understand the effects that the transformation of a Brazilian football stadium into a multi-purpose arena, according to the demands of FIFA - International Federation of Association Football -, brought to the act of supporting a club. In order to do so, it presents an ethnography of the games played at the Allianz Parque. The arena was innaugurated in 2014, after four years of renewal work on the Palestra Itália Stadium, a field belonging to the Sociedade Esportiva Palmeiras (SEP), considered one of the most relevant football clubs in both São Paulo and Brazil. After months of observations, it was possible to notice a flow of practices of support between what happens inside and outside the arena. That happens because the place where the Allianz Parque is built, to the west of town, creates a \'Palmeiras territoriality\' in which physical equipment such as pubs and football firms headquarters mix themselves into a moral code guided by the club itself in the streets surrounding the arena.

Magister Commercii (Information Management) - MCom(IM) / South Africa has one of the largest HIV and AIDS burdens in the world, with an estimated7.52 million people living with HIV in 2018. The antiretroviral therapy (ART) programme is the biggest and most costly programme in the country, with 3.7 million people enrolled as of 2017. The success of antiretroviral therapy is dependent on adherence to medication and long-term retention in care. It has been reported that support groups can improve the treatment adherence of patients and their retention in care. However, enrolment in adherence support groups is voluntary, and the abovementioned success thereof is dependent on the commitment of the patient to active participation in the group. It is estimated that about 80% of adults and young people own at least one mobile phone, which makes this technology suitable to improve communication and enhance interaction amongst support group members.

What kind of self images characterise a football supporter? This question is the main focus of this thesis. Therefore, the thesis is trying to find distinguishing characteristic traits for football supporters. This work has been carried out through qualitative interviews with individuals who define themselves as football supporters. The interviews were mainly focused on two different types of supporters, official supporters and other supporters. The official supporters consist of individuals from official supporter clubs which are officially linked to a specific team in the first division in Sweden, the Swedish Allsvenska. The other supporters consist of individuals who are also supporters but they express their supportership in a different way. The interviews were analyzed using the Canadian sociologist Erving Goffman’s theories of dramatism, specifically from the book, The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life (1959). The thesis concludes that the phenomena of supporters is affected by a widely spread heterogeneity and has been exposed for a major differentiation, which has led to the design of many different types of supporters. Some of these different types of supporters are noticed in the thesis, such as Official supporters, Low commitment supporters, Lower division supporters and TV-supporters. The thesis also casts light on, that more types of supporters exist, for example Hooligans, Casuals, Ultras, Supporters of success etc. The analysis of the interviews concludes that different roles are acted out in the performances of a supporter. All the different types of supporters have different types of role-descriptions (actions, behaviors and traits) which are characteristic for their type of supportership. Therefore, all supporters can be seen as if they consist of two different types of characteristic role-descriptions as a supporter. These characteristic roles are; the general supporter and the specific supporter. The general supporter role is characterized by different types of actions and traits which are general for all supporters. The specific supporter role is characterized by specific actions and traits commonly connected to a specific type of supporter. The thesis also concludes that the supporters are well aware of the on-going heterogeneity and therefore, all supporters can be seen as smaller parts in the whole picture of supportership.

The purpose of this study is to explain how supporters affect a team's brandmanagement. The theories and earlier research looked upon in this study areconnected to brand management, brand image, brand personality and theattachment theory. This study is interesting due to the fact that the sportsindustry is unique in comparison to other industries. In sports the customersare supporters that other industries do not have. A limited amount of researchabout supporters has been done, and they have not been clearly defined. Thisstudy used a qualitative research method and collected data from semistructured interviews with six different teams in the SHL. A thematic analysiswas performed to analyze and summarize the data. The summarized data wasthen compared and connected to our theoretical framework in order to try andanswer the purpose and research questions of the study. The managerialimplication of the study was that it showed that team managers in the SHLcommunicate through social media, events, and more, in order to have aconstant dialogue with supporters. The main theoretical contribution is thatsupporters can be connected to the attachment theory, and that brandmanagement in the sport industry might be defined along a B2S, “Business-toSupporter” perspective.