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Modes of inheritance and descent as factors in the political structure in selected societiesBarber, Christa Renate January 1960 (has links)
No description available.
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The speech act realisation of requests and greetings by non-native and native speakers of siSwati : communication challenges faced by American Peace Corps Volunteers in their interaction with Swazi peopleSithebe, Faith Bonsile 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MPhil )--University of Stellenbosch, 2011. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study investigates the differences in the communication styles of siSwati and American
English speakers. Specifically, it investigates the realization patterns of the speech acts of request
and greeting in siSwati, by native and non-native speakers of siSwati. It also investigates how
these same speech acts are realised by the non-native speakers of siSwati in their first language,
English. The participants were 10 Swazis and 10 American Peace Corps volunteers living in
Swaziland, Southern Africa at the time this study was conducted. The data were collected by
means of a questionnaire followed up with a semi-structured interview. The data were analysed
using the framework of the Cross-cultural Speech Act Realization Project as developed by Blum-
Kulka (1989). Common trends were noted in the realization of the two speech acts by native
speakers and non-native speakers and conclusions were made based on the similarities and
differences observed. Overall, the results suggest (i) that there are marked differences in the way
in which American English speakers and Swazi people perform and interpret greetings and
requests, and (ii) that such differences emanate from the different cultural orientation of the two
groups of people. Since such differences sometimes lead to misunderstandings, there is evident
need to make people aware of cultural differences in order for understanding and tolerance to
prevail in cross-cultural interactions. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie ondersoek die verskille in die kommunikasiestyle van sprekers van siSwati en
Amerikaanse Engels. Dit beskou spesifiek die realiseringspatrone van die taalhandelinge versoek
en groet in siSwati, deur moedertaal- en nie-moedertaalsprekers van siSwati, en in Engels. Die
deelnemers was 10 Swazis en 10 Amerikaanse Vredekorps-vrywilligers woonagtig in Swaziland,
Suid-Afrika, ten tye van die studie. Die data is ingesamel deur middel van 'n vraelys wat
opgevolg is deur 'n semi-gestruktureerde onderhoud. Die data is geanaliseervolgens die
raamwerk van die Kruiskulturele Spraakhandeling-realiseringsprojek, soos voorgestel deur
Blum-Kulka (1989). Algemene tendense is opgemerk in die realisering van die twee
spraakhandelinge deur moedertaalsprekers en nie-moedertaalsprekers en afleidings is gemaak op
grond van die waargenome verskille en ooreenkomste. Oor die algemeen dui die resultate op (i)
duidelike verskille tussen die wyses waarop sprekers van Amerikaanse Engels en Swazis
versoeke en groethandelinge uitvoer en interpreteer, en (ii) die verskillende kulturele oriënterings
van die twee groepe as oorsprong van hierdie tipe verskille. Aangesien laasgenoemde dikwels
aanleiding gee tot misverstand, is dit duidelik noodsaaklik dat mense bewus gemaak word van
kulturele verskille ten einde begrip en verdraagsaamheid te laat hoogty vier tydens
kruiskulturele interaksie.
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Kingship and transition in Swaziland, 1973-1988Magongo, Ellen Mary 11 1900 (has links)
This dissertation focuses on the Liqoqo years in Swaziland and the extent to which King
Sobhuza’s reign and the introduction of the 1973 Decree created the conditions that led to the
crises that plagued the country after the monarch’s death in 1982. It argues that Sobhuza II’s
brand of cultural nationalism, the removal of the Independence Constitution, the introduction of
Tinkhundla governance and the transformation of the Liqoqo sowed the seeds for political crisis
that engulfed the kingdom. This study refutes the traditionalist/modernist debate and proposes
that King Sobhuza II, albeit unwittingly, was the architect of a scenario that almost destroyed the
long reigning Swazi monarchy. While this dissertation focuses on events leading up to and
during the Liqoqo era, the aftermath is equally fascinating witnessing unparalleled civic
dissatisfaction and the emergence of more vocal and organised opposition groups during the final
decade of the century. / History / M.A (History)
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Kingship and transition in Swaziland, 1973-1988Magongo, Ellen Mary 11 1900 (has links)
This dissertation focuses on the Liqoqo years in Swaziland and the extent to which King
Sobhuza’s reign and the introduction of the 1973 Decree created the conditions that led to the
crises that plagued the country after the monarch’s death in 1982. It argues that Sobhuza II’s
brand of cultural nationalism, the removal of the Independence Constitution, the introduction of
Tinkhundla governance and the transformation of the Liqoqo sowed the seeds for political crisis
that engulfed the kingdom. This study refutes the traditionalist/modernist debate and proposes
that King Sobhuza II, albeit unwittingly, was the architect of a scenario that almost destroyed the
long reigning Swazi monarchy. While this dissertation focuses on events leading up to and
during the Liqoqo era, the aftermath is equally fascinating witnessing unparalleled civic
dissatisfaction and the emergence of more vocal and organised opposition groups during the final
decade of the century. / History / M.A (History)
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The indigenous law of contract with particular reference to the Swazi in the Kingdom of SwazilandVan Schalkwyk, Adelle 30 November 2006 (has links)
This study was undertaken to establish whether the legal phenomenon known as a contract exist in indigenous legal systems and in particular, among the Swazi. As the underlying aims and consequences of indigenous contracts differ not only between indigenous peoples but is also affected by the degree of westernisation that has taken place, a micro study has been done in semi-rural areas in the Kingdom of Swaziland to establish if the existing value systems are altered or replaced when western legal institutions are introduced.
Data was obtained by way of interviewing a panel of experts and compared with available literature. Through the process of gathering information, the legal principles were described and the functioning of social processes noted.
Different indigenous contracts and general principles were identified. It must, however, be noted that a contract is more than a device for establishing the economic and legal implications of a transaction. Most contractual disputes are resolved outside the courts through negotiated settlements to restore harmony in the community. Although the Swazi law of contract is showing clear signs of adapting to new developments, there is proof that established legal principles and Swazi values are being retained.
This study will not only be useful as a source of information for both Swazi courts and administration, but could also serve as a basis for codification intended by the Swazi Government. For that purpose, a memorandum has been compiled for consideration by the Swazi authorities.
The compatibility of Swazi law and custom with a Bill of Rights was also evaluated and suggestions were made for possible law reform in the Kingdom of Swaziland. / Jurisprudence / LL.D.
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Community responses to environmental education initiativesSimelane, Delisile Zinhle 31 December 2006 (has links)
This qualitative case study concerns the educational processes undertaken in an environmental programme of Timeleni Bomake group at Nsingweni, a rural community in Swaziland. At the time of the research most of the group members were elderly women with about four men among whom is the facilitator, a teacher at Nsingweni Primary School.
The inquiry occurred through fieldwork involving interviews, observation and photography. Data analysis followed an inductive process that builds concepts.
Formed in 1990, the group saw dramatic economic gain in the 1990's through a gardening project supported by Yonge Nawe environmental action group and the facilitator.
At the beginning of the new millennium the participants' intrinsic abilities to sustain the group were put to test. Challenges emerged that reduced the enthusiasm of some group members such that the study found the group at the edge of collapse. This report concludes with recommendations on ways to sustain community programmes. / Educational Studies / Thesis (M. Ed. (Environmental Education))
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Community responses to environmental education initiativesSimelane, Delisile Zinhle 31 December 2006 (has links)
This qualitative case study concerns the educational processes undertaken in an environmental programme of Timeleni Bomake group at Nsingweni, a rural community in Swaziland. At the time of the research most of the group members were elderly women with about four men among whom is the facilitator, a teacher at Nsingweni Primary School.
The inquiry occurred through fieldwork involving interviews, observation and photography. Data analysis followed an inductive process that builds concepts.
Formed in 1990, the group saw dramatic economic gain in the 1990's through a gardening project supported by Yonge Nawe environmental action group and the facilitator.
At the beginning of the new millennium the participants' intrinsic abilities to sustain the group were put to test. Challenges emerged that reduced the enthusiasm of some group members such that the study found the group at the edge of collapse. This report concludes with recommendations on ways to sustain community programmes. / Educational Studies / Thesis (M. Ed. (Environmental Education))
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The indigenous law of contract with particular reference to the Swazi in the Kingdom of SwazilandVan Schalkwyk, Adelle 30 November 2006 (has links)
This study was undertaken to establish whether the legal phenomenon known as a contract exist in indigenous legal systems and in particular, among the Swazi. As the underlying aims and consequences of indigenous contracts differ not only between indigenous peoples but is also affected by the degree of westernisation that has taken place, a micro study has been done in semi-rural areas in the Kingdom of Swaziland to establish if the existing value systems are altered or replaced when western legal institutions are introduced.
Data was obtained by way of interviewing a panel of experts and compared with available literature. Through the process of gathering information, the legal principles were described and the functioning of social processes noted.
Different indigenous contracts and general principles were identified. It must, however, be noted that a contract is more than a device for establishing the economic and legal implications of a transaction. Most contractual disputes are resolved outside the courts through negotiated settlements to restore harmony in the community. Although the Swazi law of contract is showing clear signs of adapting to new developments, there is proof that established legal principles and Swazi values are being retained.
This study will not only be useful as a source of information for both Swazi courts and administration, but could also serve as a basis for codification intended by the Swazi Government. For that purpose, a memorandum has been compiled for consideration by the Swazi authorities.
The compatibility of Swazi law and custom with a Bill of Rights was also evaluated and suggestions were made for possible law reform in the Kingdom of Swaziland. / Jurisprudence / LL.D.
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An explorative study of rural women's peceptions [sic] of sexuality and HIV prevention in their local socio-cultural context : a case study of rural Schoemansdal, MpumalangaChauke, Tinyiko 02 1900 (has links)
Socio-cultural factors oppress and construct women as men’s objects of desire and pleasure, thus increasing women’s vulnerability to HIV infection and, subsequently, maintaining the HIV and AIDS epidemic and prevalence in South Africa’s rural areas. South Africa’s rural women and their sexuality has not received adequate attention to date. This qualitative study sought to explore rural women’s perceptions on their sexuality and HIV prevention within the socio-cultural context of Schoemansdal (South Africa). A sample of ten participants, who are women from the Swazi ethnic group between the ages of twenty and fifty, were purposefully drawn to participate in this study. Data were collected by means of tape–recorded, face-to-face interviews and focus group discussions. Results of the study reveal that women’s social and cultural contexts have an influence on their perceptions of sexuality and HIV prevention, and that this poses a hindrance to women’s HIV-prevention behaviours such as condom use. The study’s findings reveal that in examining HIV infection and prevention, women’s diverse contexts and experiences cannot continue to be overlooked. This is because they may provide relevant understanding of the epidemic that is plaguing South Africa’s rural women. / An explorative study of rural women's perceptions of sexuality and HIV prevention in their local socio-cultural context : a case study of rural Schoemansdal, Mpumalanga / Social Work / M.A. (Social Behaviour Studies in HIV/AIDS)
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Religion, culture and gender : a study of women's search for gender equality in SwazilandZigira, Christopher Amherst Byuma 11 1900 (has links)
Although Swazi women's contribution to national development has been phenomenal, they like
any other women in patriarchal societies confront an overbearing situation in which they have
been regarded and treated as minors, both in the family and most spheres of public life. This has
largely been due to the social construction of gender. Traditional gender-based attitudes, deeply
ingrained in the people's mind set, not infrequently, have limited women's access to and control
of various aspects of public life, and impinge on their rights, most especially the rights to selfdetermination
and equal participation in the decision making process. Coupled with religion
which influences "the deepest level of what it means to be human" (King, 1994:4) and zealous
cultural conservatism, the Swazi women, with a few notable exceptions, experience an asymmetry
of power due to the pervasive nature of gender. Nonetheless, the history of Swaziland bears testimony, however muted, to a legacy ofwomen's struggles to overcome gendered conditions
imposed upon them either by taking full advantage of their spiritual endowment and charisma to
overcome attitudinal barriers or by organising themselves into groups to work for the social
transformation of their conditions and status.
This study examines the Swazi women's search for gender equality. It discusses the social and
cultural context of gender in Swaziland, the various moments in the Swazi women's quest for
equality and its manifestations, and the push and pull effect of religion and culture. Particular
attention is given to four organisations, namely Lutsango lwakaNgwane (loosely referred to as
women's regiments), the Council of Swaziland Churches, the Women's Resource Centre (Umtapo
waBomake) and Swaziland Action Group Against Abuse (SWAGAA). The study shows that
Swazi women have, across a passage of time, adopted different strategies, including ritual,
economic empowerment and creation of new knowledge through promotion of gender awareness
and social advocacy either in a womanist approach that accepts women's embeddedness in Swazi
culture or in the liberal feminist tradition that espouses women's individual rights. However, the
study shows that the women's movement has yet to reach the critical mass level so as to influence
public policy and come to terms with the deconstruction of the dominant gender ideology. / Religious Studies and Arabic / D. Litt. et Phil. (Religious Studies)
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