Detta arbete undersöker om det går att förklara varför bilder i Shaun Tans bok Ankomsten upplevs som obehagliga. Teorin i uppsatsen grundar sig till stor del på ”das unheimlich”, ett uttryck myntat av Freud och som i uppsatsen beskrivs som det kusliga. Andra teorier är kognitiv dissonans och hyperbol. För att analysera bilderna definieras frågor baserade på teorins grundpunkter. I resultatet visar det sig att nästan alla bilder är länkade till det kusliga, ibland i kombination med andra teorier. Det görs också analyser om huruvida objektens skala och proportioner kan ha en inverkan eller inte, baserat på ”grodperspektivet”. I analysen görs även några liknelser till propagandaposters från andra världskriget, vilket länkas till ”mentala triggers”. I slutsatsen konstateras det att arbetet kunde blivit utförligare om det under forskningen funnits fler anledningar till obehag som kan länkas till bilderna. Det fanns även ett problem med att förklara varför många upplever vissa saker som obehagliga och dessa fick refereras till fobier, även om detta inte helt stämmer, och upplevelserna egentligen kan beskrivas som rädslor. För vidare forskning föreslås fokusgrupper för att testa uppfattningar med en kvantitativ metod samt att analysera historien utifrån ett genusperspektiv där huvudrollen i stället hade varit en kvinna. / This paper investigates if it is possible to explain why pictures in Shaun Tans book The Arrival are experienced as unpleasant. The theory of the essay is mainly based on "das unheimlich" coined by Freud and is in the essay described as “uncanny”. Other theories are based on cognitive dissonance and hyperbole. In order to analyse the images content, questions based on the basic points of the theories are defined. As a result, it turns out nearly all pictures are linked to uncanny, sometimes in combination with other theories. Analyses regarding if scale and proportions of objects can make an impact are also made, based on the "frog perspective". Some similarities between images in “The Arrival” and propaganda posters from World War II can be observed, which can be linked to mental triggers. In the discussions, it is made clear that the research could have developed further if more reasons for discomfort were investigated while observing the images. There was also a problem with explaining why many observers are experiencing some elements as unpleasant and these elements are in the paper referred to as phobias, even though this not quite accurate and should be referred to as fears. In order to carry on further research, focus groups are suggested to test perceptions with a quantitative method. Also, to look at the story from a gender perspective, and to see what would be different if the main character was a female.

The Utah War and its aftermath changed Utah and the Mormons forever. This change came because of the growing Gentile influence in the territory and was reflected most adequately in the current periodicals of the period. The Valley Tan and the Mountaineer are especially important because their opposition to one another brought many important issues to the forefront of discussion. These issues would be important to the Mormons learning to live and work with those not of their faith and to share in their Zion.These newspapers were successful in giving to its reader, both past and present, a glimpse into the troubles and pains of a very difficult time in Utah history.

No description available.

Diferentes floculantes ecológicos têm sido estudados na literatura para o tratamento de água. Entre tais substâncias, a quitosana e os taninos têm sido utilizados, regularmente, em diversos trabalhos relacionados ao tratamento de água. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi a obtenção de microesferas de quitosana comercial (QTSc) e tanino extraído da casca de Eucalyptus urograndis (TAN), para a utilização piloto no tratamento de água bruta com baixa turbidez (100-110 NTU). Primeiramente, avaliou-se o grau de desacetilação da quitosana comercial (QTSc) e da quitosana na microesfera (QTSm) para a avaliação da porcentagem de grupamentos aminas livres ou desacetiladas. Em seguida, a quitosana desacetilada foi utilizada como matriz na preparação de microesferas empregando duas concentrações de TAN (5,0 e 7,5 % v/v). O material preparado foi caracterizado por FTIR, DRX, MEV e TGA. Os espectros de FTIR apresentaram aumento da intensidade dos picos à medida que havia aumento de concentração de TAN nas microesferas formadas. Os espectros de DRX apresentaram um material amorfo. As micrografias por MEV mostraram que a interação da QTS com o TAN modifica as características superficiais da microesfera provocando mudanças na superfície. As análises de DTA/TGA mostraram que as microesferas preparadas com 0 e 5% apresentaram três estágios de degradação térmica e dois estágios para QTS/TAN 7,5% mostrando que o material com QTS/TAN 7,5% apresenta resistência térmica diferenciada quando comparado ao QTS/TAN 0 e 5%. As microesferas foram avaliadas em ensaios de coagulação/floculação por Jar test no tratamento de água bruta utilizando planejamento fatorial experimental (23) no qual fatores utilizados os paramentos de massa de coagulante de 10 mg e 25 mg, pH=7,0 e pH=8,0 e tempo de decantação de 15 min e 30 min. Os fatores foram avaliados quanto a porcentagem de remoção de turbidez e cor. Os resultados mostraram-se satisfatórios quanto a remoção de turbidez, com mínimo de 51,52 % e máximo de 76,67 % e remoção de cor com mínimo de 42,86 % e máximo de 66,00 %. Os melhores resultados de % remoção foram obtidos quando foram utilizadas as microesferas de QTS/TAN 5% em pH = 8,0 com tempo de decantação de 30 min e massa de coagulante de 25 mg. Os resultados permitiram avaliar as microesferas de QTS/TAN como materiais promissores no tratamento de água. / Different ecological flocculants have been studied in the literature for treatment of water and wastewater. Among such substances, chitosan and tannins have been used regularly in several works related to water treatment. In this context, the aim of this study was to obtain commercial chitosan microspheres (QTSc) and tannin extracted from barks of Eucalyptus urograndis (TAN) for pilot utilization in the treatment of raw water with low turbidity (100-110 NTU). At first degree of deacetylation of both, commercial chitosan (QTSc) and the chitosan microsphere (QTSm) was verified for assessment of degree of deacetylation of amines. Microspheres were prepared at different concentrations of TAN ranging from 0 - 7.5% v/v and then characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM and DTA/TGA. FTIR showed an increase of peak intensity as increased the concentration of the TAN microspheres formed. XRD presented an amorphous material. SEM micrographs allowed verifying the interaction of chitosan and tannin in the modification of the surface. Analyses of DTA/TGA showed that chitosan microspheres CTS/TAN 0% and 5% exhibited three stages of thermal degradation and two stages were observed for 7.5% CTS/TAN, allowed to conclude that CTS/TAN 7.5% has lower heat resistance compared to CTS/TAN 0 and 5%. The microspheres were evaluated in terms of coagulation/ flocculation assays by Jar test using an experimental factorial design (23). The coagulant mass of 10 mg and 25 mg, pH = 7.0 and pH = 8.0 and settling time of 15 min and 30 min were used as main factors. The factors were assessed for percentage removal of turbidity and color, which gave satisfactory results in the removal of turbidity with a minimum at 51.52% and a maximum at 76.67% and color removal with a minimum at 42.86% and maximum at 66.00%. The best results of were obtained using microspheres CTS/TAN 5% at pH 8.0 and settling time of 30 min and 25 mg of coagulant. Microspheres of CTS/TAN are promising in the treatment of water, but additional studies are necessary for searching the better conditions/results for water treatment.

La critique de la romancière américaine Amy Tan se concentre principalement sur la dimension humaine de ses romans, négligeant la dimension matérielle de l’existence qui occupe une place prépondérante dans ses romans. Sous l’influence d’une conception anthropocentrique qui privilégie l’être humain ou le sujet, la critique s’est concentrée essentiellement sur la relation mère / fille, sur l’importance du langage et de la mémoire et sur les conflits entre les cultures chinoise et américaine. Néanmoins, dans le contexte de ce qu’il est convenu d’appeler le “retour aux choses” et l’accent nouveau mis sur le “non humain”, mouvement qui s’est mis en place dans la critique des années 1990, je porte mon attention sur les choses, plus particulièrement sur les interactions entre humains et non-humains dans ses romans. Sous la double influence des cultures chinoise et américaine, Tan dépasse l’opposition binaire, qui caractérise la tradition occidentale, selon laquelle le sujet est supérieur à l’objet. Les humains et les non-humains ainsi que les entités naturelles et spirituelles sont tous des choses-Qi dans l’univers textuel. En mettant en dialogue la réflexion occidentale contemporaine sur les choses avec les philosophies chinoises, notamment le taoïsme, cette thèse examine les caractéristiques des choses-Qi et leurs interactions de nature à provoquer un retour écologique à l’harmonie entre les humains et les non-humains, entre le microcosme et le macrocosme dans l’ordre textuel. / Comments on Amy Tan's novels mainly focus on what we associate with human culture, ignoring the material dimensions of existence that figure prominently in her novels. Influenced by the anthropocentric idea that the human being/the subject is superior to things/the object, critics mainly focus on the mother-daughter relation, the importance of language and memory and the conflicts of Chinese and American culture. However, in the context of the so-called “return to things,” “back to things,” and “turn to the non-human” which has become visible in the humanities since the 1990s, I concentrate on things, specifically on the interactions between humans and nonhumans in her novels. Under the influence of both American and Chinese culture, Tan breaks with the western tradition of binary opposition in which the subject is superior to the object. Qi-things include natural and man-made things, human beings, and even spiritual things and things in the textual world. Bringing the twenty-first century western revision of things into dialogue with Chinese philosophies, especially Taoism, this dissertation discusses the traits of Qi-things and how they interact with each other to foster an ecological return to harmony within the textual world that reconciles humans and non-humans, microcosm and macrocosm.

Thermische TaN ALD mit den Präkursoren TBTDET und TBTEMT, NH3 als zweiten Reaktanten und Ar als inertes Spülgas ist untersucht worden. Als Messverfahren zur Bewertung ist zeitlich aufgelöste in-situ spektroskopische Ellipsometrie mit einer Datenerfassungsrate von 0,86 Datenpunkte/s, sowie in-vacuo XPS und AFM verwendet worden. Es konnten sehr glatte homogene geschlossene TaN-Dünnschichten mit einem Ta:N-Verhältnis von 0,6, -Verunreinigungen von ca. 5 at.% (TBTDET) bzw. 9 at.% (TBTEMT) und einem GPC von ca. 0,6 nm/Zyklus im linearen Wachstumsbereich hergestellt werden. Eine O3-Vorbehandlung einer SiO2-Oberfläche beschleunigt die initiale Phase der TaN-Abscheidung. Die abgeschiedenen TaN-Schichten zeigen sich sehr reaktiv auf O2. / Thermal ALD with the precursors TBTDET and TBTEMT, NH3 as the second reactant and Ar as inert purging gas was studied. For measuring purposes time-resolved in-situ spectroscopic ellipsometry with an data acquisition rate of 0,86 data points/s, in-vacuo XPS and AFM was used. It was possible to deposit very smmoth homogenous closed TaN thin films with a Ta:N rate of about 0,6, contaminations of 5 at.% (TBTDET) and 9 at.% (TBTEMT), respectively, and a GPC of about 0,6 nm/Zyklus. An O3 pretreatment of a SiO2 surface accelerated the initial phase of the TaN atomic layer deposition (ALD) deposition. These TaN-Schichten were very reactiv against O2.

Diferentes floculantes ecológicos têm sido estudados na literatura para o tratamento de água. Entre tais substâncias, a quitosana e os taninos têm sido utilizados, regularmente, em diversos trabalhos relacionados ao tratamento de água. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi a obtenção de microesferas de quitosana comercial (QTSc) e tanino extraído da casca de Eucalyptus urograndis (TAN), para a utilização piloto no tratamento de água bruta com baixa turbidez (100-110 NTU). Primeiramente, avaliou-se o grau de desacetilação da quitosana comercial (QTSc) e da quitosana na microesfera (QTSm) para a avaliação da porcentagem de grupamentos aminas livres ou desacetiladas. Em seguida, a quitosana desacetilada foi utilizada como matriz na preparação de microesferas empregando duas concentrações de TAN (5,0 e 7,5 % v/v). O material preparado foi caracterizado por FTIR, DRX, MEV e TGA. Os espectros de FTIR apresentaram aumento da intensidade dos picos à medida que havia aumento de concentração de TAN nas microesferas formadas. Os espectros de DRX apresentaram um material amorfo. As micrografias por MEV mostraram que a interação da QTS com o TAN modifica as características superficiais da microesfera provocando mudanças na superfície. As análises de DTA/TGA mostraram que as microesferas preparadas com 0 e 5% apresentaram três estágios de degradação térmica e dois estágios para QTS/TAN 7,5% mostrando que o material com QTS/TAN 7,5% apresenta resistência térmica diferenciada quando comparado ao QTS/TAN 0 e 5%. As microesferas foram avaliadas em ensaios de coagulação/floculação por Jar test no tratamento de água bruta utilizando planejamento fatorial experimental (23) no qual fatores utilizados os paramentos de massa de coagulante de 10 mg e 25 mg, pH=7,0 e pH=8,0 e tempo de decantação de 15 min e 30 min. Os fatores foram avaliados quanto a porcentagem de remoção de turbidez e cor. Os resultados mostraram-se satisfatórios quanto a remoção de turbidez, com mínimo de 51,52 % e máximo de 76,67 % e remoção de cor com mínimo de 42,86 % e máximo de 66,00 %. Os melhores resultados de % remoção foram obtidos quando foram utilizadas as microesferas de QTS/TAN 5% em pH = 8,0 com tempo de decantação de 30 min e massa de coagulante de 25 mg. Os resultados permitiram avaliar as microesferas de QTS/TAN como materiais promissores no tratamento de água. / Different ecological flocculants have been studied in the literature for treatment of water and wastewater. Among such substances, chitosan and tannins have been used regularly in several works related to water treatment. In this context, the aim of this study was to obtain commercial chitosan microspheres (QTSc) and tannin extracted from barks of Eucalyptus urograndis (TAN) for pilot utilization in the treatment of raw water with low turbidity (100-110 NTU). At first degree of deacetylation of both, commercial chitosan (QTSc) and the chitosan microsphere (QTSm) was verified for assessment of degree of deacetylation of amines. Microspheres were prepared at different concentrations of TAN ranging from 0 - 7.5% v/v and then characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM and DTA/TGA. FTIR showed an increase of peak intensity as increased the concentration of the TAN microspheres formed. XRD presented an amorphous material. SEM micrographs allowed verifying the interaction of chitosan and tannin in the modification of the surface. Analyses of DTA/TGA showed that chitosan microspheres CTS/TAN 0% and 5% exhibited three stages of thermal degradation and two stages were observed for 7.5% CTS/TAN, allowed to conclude that CTS/TAN 7.5% has lower heat resistance compared to CTS/TAN 0 and 5%. The microspheres were evaluated in terms of coagulation/ flocculation assays by Jar test using an experimental factorial design (23). The coagulant mass of 10 mg and 25 mg, pH = 7.0 and pH = 8.0 and settling time of 15 min and 30 min were used as main factors. The factors were assessed for percentage removal of turbidity and color, which gave satisfactory results in the removal of turbidity with a minimum at 51.52% and a maximum at 76.67% and color removal with a minimum at 42.86% and maximum at 66.00%. The best results of were obtained using microspheres CTS/TAN 5% at pH 8.0 and settling time of 30 min and 25 mg of coagulant. Microspheres of CTS/TAN are promising in the treatment of water, but additional studies are necessary for searching the better conditions/results for water treatment.

Planting trees in mining zones for post-mining rehabilitation is of great interest. Therefore, it is important and necessary to study the current state of the air, water, and soil environment in the mine exploited area. Therefore, this article studied and assessed the environmental state in Tan Rai bauxite mining area at Bao Lam district, Lam Dong province through the environmental components of air, water and soil, as a basis for selection of suitable crops for post-mining rehabilitation. The research result showed that the air quality in the bauxite mining area met the standard 3733/2002/QĐ-BYT. Almost monitoring parameters of surface water and wastewater is within the allowed threshold of Vietnam standards. However surface water had a sign of TSS and COD pollution (TSS and COD at the Danos stream after the received point of wastewater from No.6 tailing lake were 1.6 times and 1.07 times higher than those in standard). Ground water was polluted by Coliform (20-63,3 times over standard) and cation NH4 + (1.1-1.5 times over standard); Soil in exploiting region was strongly impacted, soil profile has changed, red-yellow soil dominated, soil fertility is pretty high, pHH20 and pHKC were from acid to neuter. This studied environment state is very suitable for planting pine and acacia. These results will be useful references, as a basis for orientation of post-mining rehabilitation. / Việc trồng cây xanh để phục hồi các vùng mỏ sau khai thác hiện đang rất được quan tâm. Do vậy, việc nghiên cứu hiện trạng môi trường không khí, nước và đất ở vùng khai thác mỏ là rất quan trọng và cần thiết. Bài báo nghiên cứu đánh giá hiện trạng môi trường vùng khai thác mỏ Bauxite Tân Rai, huyện Bảo Lâm, tỉnh Lâm Đồng thông qua các thành phần môi trường không khí, nước, đất, làm cơ sở cho việc lựa chọn loại cây trồng phù hợp cho công tác phục hồi môi trường sau khai thác mỏ. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, chất lượng môi trường không khí tại vùng khai thác mỏ Bauxite đạt tiêu chuẩn 3733/2002/QĐ-BYT. Hầu hết các thông số quan trắc của nước mặt và nước thải đều nằm trong giới hạn cho phép theo tiêu chuẩn Việt Nam, tuy nhiên môi trường nước mặt cũng đang có dấu hiệu ô nhiễm TSS và COD (TSS và COD tại suối Danos phía dưới điểm tiếp nhận nước thải hồ quặng đuôi số 6 tương ứng gấp 1,6 lần và 1,07 lần so với tiêu chuẩn). Nước ngầm đang bị ô nhiễm Coliform (vượt quy chuẩn cho phép từ 20-63,3 lần) và NH4 + (vượt quy chuẩn cho phép từ 1,1-1,5 lần); Đất tại khu vực khai thác bị tác động mạnh mẽ, phẫu diện đất bị thay đổi, đất đỏ vàng chiếm ưu thế, đất có độ phì khá, pHH2O và pHKCl từ chua đến trung tính. Kết quả hiện trạng môi trường như vậy là phù hợp với trồng thông và keo. Những kết quả này là tài liệu tham khảo hữu ích, làm cơ sở cho việc định hướng phục hồi đất sau khai thác mỏ.

The Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO) is the strongest phenomena influencing the stratopheric (~15-50 km height) circulation over the equator. QBO has two phases of downward propagating easterly and westerly winds, which has a total period of approximately 28 months and the phase is defined by the wind direction between the airpressure 25-50 hPa, which is roughly at a height of 30 km. QBO is induced by atmospheric gravity waves originating from the troposphere (~0-15 km height) and are generated by a plethora of sources, such as tropical convection and wind shear. The winds propagate downward at about 1 km per month through the stratosphere until reaching the tropopause (~15 km height) where they dissipate. The wind speed is at its maximum in the middle of the phase, where the wind shear is at its lowest, and the easterly winds can grow up to 30 m/s whilst the westerly winds reach roughly 15 m/s. Although the QBO is an equatorial phenomena it has a poleward component radiating its signal from the tropics to the higher latitudes where it affects other circulations such as the stratospheric polar vortex on the northern hemisphere (NH). The polar vortex consists of westerly winds around the polar region and is a major influence on the winter climate on the NH and thereby allows the QBO to indirectly affect the tropospheric climate through it. The easterly QBO disturbs and weakens the polar vortex, which results in warm subtropical air penetrating the vortex and warming the Arctic region whereas the polar air is released southward creating a colder winter on the NH. The westerly QBO on the other hand enhances the polar vortex and contains the cool polar air over the Arctic, which results in a milder winter. The correlation between QBO and El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) as well as the tropical cyclones (TC) has either changed (ENSO) or completely disappeared (TC). The ENSO-QBO correlation depends on which phase of ENSO coincide with which phase of QBO, where El Niño coinciding with easterly QBO and La Niña coinciding with westerly QBO results in wind anomalies in the NH stratosphere. If the opposite combination takes place the wind anomalies will instead be situated in the subtropical troposphere, displacing the subtropical jet poleward. To what extent these stratospheric winds exert their influence is to some degree still uncertain, but that they have an effect on the tropospheric climate is unbeknownst to no one. / Cirkulationen i den ekvatoriella stratosfären (ca 15-50 km höjd) domineras av Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO), ett zonalt (parallellt ekvatorn) vindfenomen med två faser bestående av östliga respektive västliga vindar och en period på ca 28 månader. Fasen definieras mellan lufttrycken 25-50 hPa, vilket representerar en höjd på ca 30 km. Drivkraften bakom QBO är ett brett spektrum av atmosfäriska gravitationsvågor som skapas genom bland annat den tropiska konvektionen, vindskjuvning och frontsystem. Vindarna propagerar vertikalt nedåt genom stratosfären med ungefär 1 km per månad tills de når tropopausen (ca 15 km) där vindarna försvagas kraftigt till ett zonalt medelvärde på 0 m/s. Vindhastigheten under östlig QBO uppgår i ca 30 m/s medan västlig QBO uppgår i ca 15 m/s, och är maximal i höga stratosfären samt i mitten av faserna där vindskjuvningen är minimal. QBO sprider sig meridionalt (nord-syd) från tropikerna till högre breddgrader genom stratosfären där andra fenomen som den stratosfäriska polarvirveln kan påverkas på norra halvklotet (NH). Polarvirveln består av västliga vindar i stratosfären runt polarregionen och är en stor influens på vinterklimatet i framförallt Europa och Nordamerika. Genom polarvirveln kan QBO indirekt påverka klimatet i troposfären (ca 0-15 km), där den östliga fasen av QBO försvagar medan den västliga fasen av QBO förstärker polarvirveln. En försvagad polarvirvel innebär en varmare medeltemperatur på Arktis och att kallare polarluft söker sig söderut och orsakar kalla vintertemperaturer. Troposfäriska klimatfenomen som El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) och tropiska cykloner (TC) har uppvisat ett samband till QBO, men sedan förändrats (ENSO) eller helt försvunnit (TC). ENSO-QBO korrelationen förändras beroende på vilken fas QBO respektive ENSO är i relativt varandra. Då El Niño sammanfaller med östliga QBO samt La Niña sammanfaller med västliga QBO uppstår vindanomalier vid höga latituder i NH:s stratosfär, medan vid omvända sambandet förflyttar sig vindanomalierna till subtropikerna i troposfären och kan där förskjuta den subtropiska jetströmmen norrut. Att de stratosfäriska vindarna påverkar troposfären är känt, men hur och till vilken grad är ännu inte uppenbart. På grund av den korta tidsperiod med kontinuerliga och tillförlitliga vindmätningar i stratosfären uppkommer flera hypotetiska effekter av QBO och dess påverkan på klimatet i troposfären.

This essay will explain the electoral success of radical right parties in thirteen Western European countries over time. Based on a theory of convergence and polarization as a recent for the upsurge of radical right partiers. The two main factors that will be tested as potential explanations to the success of these parties are polarization and convergence along the leftright and the Gal-Tan dimensions respectively. The questions (and hypothesis) that will be answered in the essay are; Does left-right convergence between established parties lead to electoral success for Radical right parties (H1); Does Gal-Tan polarization lead to electoral success for radical right parties (H2). This research problem is approached then with statistical methods. The conclusion is that radical right parties benefits from polarization between parties in the party system on the left right and the Gal-Tan dimensions. Yet, the findings show that Gal-Tan polarization has a more profound effect than left-right polarization.