Submitted by Aelson Maciera (aelsoncm@terra.com.br) on 2017-04-26T19:51:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissNMA.pdf: 39682521 bytes, checksum: 232e6ea0cb601b07a4f025f8efa4e8b2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2017-05-02T18:42:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissNMA.pdf: 39682521 bytes, checksum: 232e6ea0cb601b07a4f025f8efa4e8b2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2017-05-02T18:42:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissNMA.pdf: 39682521 bytes, checksum: 232e6ea0cb601b07a4f025f8efa4e8b2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-02T18:49:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissNMA.pdf: 39682521 bytes, checksum: 232e6ea0cb601b07a4f025f8efa4e8b2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-23 / The aim of this work is to verify if and to what extent the pragmatic aspects of grammar (pragmalinguistics) are covered in some units of an English Language Teaching textbook used in Brazil. We also aim to delineate the role of grammar in this material and, based on the analyzed units, present reflections on the possibilities of contributing to the teaching-learning of pragmalinguistics. We consider the proposal of the material as we verify the activities according to theories that approach grammar as a skill (BATSTONE, 1994 and LARSEN-FREEMAN, 2003), pragmatics (KASPER and ROSE, 2001) and principled materials development (TOMLINSON, 2010, HARWOOD, 2010). It is observed that the present textbook does not approach pragmalinguistics. Instead, it focuses on grammar as product. Due to this factor, learners are not presented with opportunities to reflect upon language usage. / O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar se, e em caso afirmativo como, os aspectos pragmáticos da gramática (pragmalinguística) são contemplados em um livro didático de inglês como LE comercializado internacionalmente e utilizado no Brasil. Objetivamos também retratar o papel designado à gramática neste material e apresentar reflexões sobre possibilidades de contribuir com o ensino-aprendizagem de pragmalinguística, a partir das unidades analisadas. Analisamos a proposta apresentada pelo livro estudando as atividades propostas à luz das teorias que postulam o ensino de gramática como habilidade (BATSTONE, 1994, LARSENFREEMAN, 2003), a pragmática (KASPER e ROSE, 2001) e o desenvolvimento de materiais didáticos baseados em princípios (TOMLINSON, 2010, HARWOOD, 2010). Observamos que o material didático analisado não apresenta o ensino da dimensão pragmalinguística, focando o ensino da dimensão da forma e não possibilitando que os aprendizes, apenas com o suporte do material didático, sejam incentivados a refletir acerca do funcionamento da língua.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T16:35:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 esther.pdf: 873186 bytes, checksum: 1524693fa44f591e65c08c6a5d6e1482 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work was investigative theme perceptions of university teachers, in the distance on their teaching activities of the Course of Technology in Public Administration (CSTGP) of the Federal Institute of Science and Technology of the State of Santa Catarina (IF-SC). Thus, this study was to investigate the teaching activities developed and defined by teachers, a dimension cogntiva, which help us understand how these teachers re-define and re-develop their professional activities in the distance. In this sense, the question is: what are the activities undertaken by teachers working in higher education in the distance? As regards the methodology, considering the theme, the problem and research objectives, it is a qualitative investigation of the case study, whose data collection was done through questionnaires and semi-structured interviews with teachers of a higher education course offered in the distance. Data analysis was performed by the method of analysis according to Bardin content (2009). The main results delimited four categories that discuss the perceptions of teachers about their teaching activities CSTGP. These categories are titled: "casualization of teaching", "interaction of teacher and student"; training teachers for distance education "and" teaching activities ". It was concluded that there is congruence between the prescribed activities for teachers and those actually performed. It was found that the main activities performed by teachers include participation in forums, videoconferences, conducting regular classes at the poles and monitoring of student activities in moodle platform. It is noteworthy that, in the distance, the teaching activities that predominate in terms of importance and time teachers were dismissed by the planning activities of the disciplines. And though often these activities are performed outside the virtual environment / Este trabalho teve como temática investigativa as percepções dos professores do ensino superior, na modalidade a distância, sobre suas atividades docentes do Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Gestão Pública (CSTGP) do Instituto Federal de Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Santa Catarina (IF-SC). Desta forma, este estudo se propôs investigar as atividades docentes elaboradas e definidas pelos professores, numa dimensão cogntiva, as quais nos permitem compreender como estes professores re-definem e re-elaboram suas atividades profissionais na modalidade a distância. Neste sentido, questiona-se: quais são as atividades realizadas por professores que atuam no ensino superior na modalidade a distância? No que se refere à metodologia, considerando o tema, o problema e os objetivos de pesquisa, trata-se de uma investigação de cunho qualitativo, do tipo estudo de caso, cuja coleta de dados se deu por meio de questionário e entrevistas semiestruturadas junto aos professores de um curso superior oferecido na modalidade a distância. A análise dos dados foi realizada a partir do método de análise de conteúdo conforme Bardin (2009). Os principais resultados delimitaram quatro categorias que discutem as percepções dos professores do CSTGP sobre suas atividades docentes. Estas categorias estão entituladas: precarização do trabalho docente ; interação do professor e o aluno ; formação docente para EAD ; e atividades docentes . Concluiu-se que há congruência entre as atividades prescritas aos professores e aquelas efetivamente realizadas. Identificou-se que as principais atividades realizadas pelos professores compreendem a participação nos fóruns, nas videoconferências, a realização de aulas presenciais nos pólos e o acompanhamento das atividades discentes na plataforma moodle. Ressalta-se que, na modalidade à distância, as atividades docentes que predominam em termos de importância e de tempo despedido pelos professores foram as atividades de planejamento das disciplinas. E ainda que, muitas vezes, estas atividades são realizadas fora do ambiente virtual

A presente dissertação foi elaborada com o objetivo de analisar o desenvolvimento de práticas de Educação Ambiental nas escolas públicas como forma de compreender sua organização, fundamentação teórica e metodológica nas atividades pedagógicas de professoras de 3ª e 4ª séries do Ensino Fundamental da Diretoria de Ensino Centro Sul, na cidade de São Paulo. Para tanto, partimos dos fundamentos filosóficos da crise ecológica atual com o intuito de compreendermos as práticas de Educação Ambiental como atividade humana. Nesse sentido, a base teórica que deu sustentação à investigação partiu da psicologia histórico-cultural, em particular da Teoria da Atividade, baseando-se principalmente nas contribuições de Vygotsky, Leontiev e Davydov. Esta dissertação desenvolveu-se no sentido de uma pesquisa qualitativa, de natureza exploratória, envolvendo elaboração teórica em um diálogo permanente entre os dados coletados e a teoria de base. Orientada pela perspectiva sócio-histórica, a compreensão dos fenômenos ocorreu a partir de um acontecer histórico na relação e dialogicidade entre sujeitos. Como parte empírica, elaboramos e coordenamos uma Oficina de Educação Ambiental com seis encontros entre os anos de 2006 e 2007, com 21 professoras todas de 3ª e 4ª séries do ensino fundamental, trabalho este que nos aproximou do processo de elaboração e desenvolvimento das práticas de Educação Ambiental. Com esse trabalho, pudemos confirmar que ainda existe um grande descompasso e distanciamento entre o que é discutido e proposto pela escola e para a escola com aquilo que realmente vem sendo feito e que uma das alternativas para o desenvolvimento da temática ambiental é investir no trabalho com projetos interdisciplinares. / The aim of this paper is to analyse the development of environmental education practices at public schools as a way of understanding its organization, theoretical and methodological approach in the pedagogical activities of third and fourth grade Primary School teachers from \"Diretoria de Ensino Centro Sul\" in the city of São Paulo. In order to do this, we started with the philosophical basis of the present ecological crisis aiming at understanding the environmental education practices as a human activity. This way, the theory which has endorsed the investigation departed from the cultural and historical psychology, particularly from the Activity Theory, based mainly on the contributions of Vygotsky, Leontiev and Davydov. This paper has been developed as a qualitative research with investigative nature, involving theoretical elaboration in an everlasting dialogue between the collected data and the supporting theory. The understanding of the phenomena was led by the social and historical perspective in the relationship and dialogue among subjects. As an empiric phase, we worked out and coordinated an environmental education workshop with six meetings between 2006 and 2007, with 21 third and fourth grade Primary School teachers, work which enabled us to approach the creation and development process of the environmental education practices. This work has made it possible for us to confirm that there is still a great gap between what is discussed and proposed by the school and for the school and what is actually being carried out. One of the alternatives for the development of the environmental theme is investing in interdisciplinary projects.

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar as ações constituintes de um espaço de aprendizagem, a partir dos pressupostos teóricos da abordagem histórico-cultural e da teoria da atividade. Para irmos ao encontro deste objetivo, o desenvolvimento da investigação deu-se por meio da elaboração, organização e análise de um conjunto de atividades direcionadas para o ensino das equações do primeiro grau. No desenvolvimento deste conjunto de atividades, procuramos orientar as ações dos alunos, de modo a corroborar com os princípios de uma atividade de aprendizagem. Este conjunto de atividades foi organizado na forma de um experimento didático, que foi conduzido com crianças do ensino fundamental (quinta série) da Escola de Aplicação da Faculdade de Educação da USP, vinculadas ao projeto Clube de Matemática. Coerente com os pressupostos da teoria da atividade, partimos dos motivos do pesquisador, em busca das respostas às necessidades sentidas, como parte de uma comunidade educativa. A partir daí, organizamos as ações desenvolvidas na investigação, por meio da definição e caracterização dos sujeitos e da comunidade (alunos e professores), dos objetos da atividade, dos instrumentos (as atividades orientadoras de ensino), das regras e forma de divisão do trabalho. Com esta organização, caracterizamos o espaço de aprendizagem como o lugar da realização da aprendizagem dos sujeitos orientado pela ação intencional de quem ensina. A partir da análise das ações dos sujeitos, constatamos que a organização dos espaços de aprendizagem deve ser pautada pela criação de três contextos: um contexto da crítica, um contexto da descoberta e um contexto de prática social. / The present work has as objective investigates the actions that constitute a learning space, from the budgets theoreticians from the historical-cultural approach and from the activity theory. To will go to the meeting of this objective, the development from the inquiry gave by means of the elaboration, organization and analysis of activities directed for the teaching of the equations of the first rank. In the development of these activities we find orient the actions of the students, of way it corroborate with the beginnings of a learning activity. These activities were organized in the form of an educational experiment, that was driven with students of the basic education (10/11-year-old students) from “Escola de Aplicação” from the “Faculdade de Educação” from the USP, linked to the Mathematics Club project. Coherent with the budgets from the theory from the activity, we start from the motives of the researcher, in search of the answers to the needs, as breaks of an educational community. From, then, we organize the actions developed in the inquiry, by means of the definition and featuring of the subjects and the community (students and teachers), of the objects from the activity, of the instruments (the teaching advisers activities), of the rules and forms of division of the work. With this organization we characterize the learning space as the place from the achievement from the learning of the individuals oriented by the action intentional whose teaches. From that, by means of the analysis of the actions of the subjects, we establish that the organization of the learning spaces should be lined by the creation of three contexts: a context from the critic, a context from the discovery and a social context of practice.

The diploma thesis Film adaptations of literary works in the teaching of literature in high school deals with the comparison of film and literature as types of art, the analysis of film and the process of adaptation of a literary work into a film form. It's aim is to propose teaching activities related to the short story and the film Closely Watched Trains for the use of film adaptations in teaching literature. The design of activities proceeds from the setting of the goal. In teaching it is possible to focus on the use of the motivational potential of film for students, on the comparison of the original literary work and its film adaptation, on the adaptation process itself, the use of film to convey theoretical knowledge or cultural and historical context of formation of the work.

本研究採用「個案研究法」，以一個國中補習班之作文班的七年級生為研究對象，進行作文教學活動的設計與實施結果的成效探討。 本研究的作文教學活動設計，係將學生區分成高、中、低三個學習成就區塊，根據不同的學習能力，設計不同的教學活動，並運用「合作學習」模式進行教學。教學實施後，分別從「學生作品」、「觀察紀錄」、「問卷調查」及「訪談紀錄」四個面向進行探討，分析教學活動的設計與實施成效。 第一章〈緒論〉，總述研究動機與目的、研究範圍與限制、研究方法與步驟，以及文獻探討。 第二章〈高成就學生之作文教學活動設計〉，從高成就學生的起點行為分析開始，以「創造思考教學」為設計主軸，訓練其「發散思維能力」與「想像力」，並結合「續寫作文題型」練習，最後再進行教學實施的成效探討。 第三章〈中成就學生之作文教學活動設計〉，從中成就學生的起點行為分析開始，以「情境作文教學」為設計主軸，訓練其「觀察力」與「感受力」，並結合「擴寫作文題型」練習，最後再進行教學實施的成效探討。 第四章〈低成就學生之作文教學活動設計〉，從低成就學生的起點行為分析開始，以「材料作文教學」為設計主軸，訓練其「記憶力」與「聯想力」，並結合「仿寫作文題型」練習，最後再進行教學實施的成效探討。 第五章〈結論與建議〉，第一節先說明教學活動設計與探討的總結論，第二節與第三節分別提出對教學活動設計與補教機構的建議，第四節則是表達對中學語文教師的期盼。 總體而言，根據學生不同的學習能力與需求，設定相符的教學目標與教學活動，不僅能激發更多的學習潛力，也能逐步培養寫作興趣與提升寫作能力。

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The present thesis is part of the Training, Knowledge and Professional Development Research at the Program of Postgraduation in Education (PPGE) in the Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM) which has its line and focuses on integrated learning of teaching technical courses in high school. It aims at understanding how is the learning of teaching by teachers who work with technical courses in high school is integrated. We seek thus to ascertain the formative processes of teachers working in the school culture and identify the implications on teacher s learning. This study uses qualitative methodology which will develop from the sociocultural narrative approach. The narratives of thirteen (13) teachers of integrated technical courses in high school (mechanical and electrical courses) from the Technical College investigated constitute the elements of analysis. Vygostki studies (1995 , 2003, 2007); Bakhtin (1986); Freitas (1994 , 1996, 1998); Bolzan (2002, 2006 , 2008, 2010 , 2011, 2013) and Connelly; Clandinin (1995) are the theoretical support underlying the investigative design of this research. The authors Isaia (2006 , 2007, 2009); Isaia; Bolzan (2008) ; Bolzan (2012 ); Maciel; Isaia; Bolzan (2012 ); Maciel (2009 ); Vygotsky (1993, 2005, 2007); Leontiev (1984); Davidov; Markova (1987) and Kosulin (2002) help us understand the fabric of the learning of teaching when discussing the teaching activity of study and training processes as stimuli for teacher learning. The discussion of school culture is outlined by authors such as Paro (2008 ); Nóvoa (2005); Minayo (2006); Bolzan (2002); Bolzan and Isaia (2007); Forquin (1993) and Vygotski (1995). The authors Frigotto, Ciavatta; Ramos (2005); Manfredi (2002); Regattieri; Castro (2009); Kunze (2009) and Kuenzer (1997) help us understand the professional and technological education and specific courses integrated to high school. In the analysis of the narratives teachers noted the existence of a large category: Learning of teaching, which consists of two dimensions, school culture and teaching culture . These dimensions are arranged from analysis axes/unfolding of dimensions which are structured by categorical elements. These elements are permeated by auxiliary stimuli arising from the research context and are mainstreamed by the teacher habitus. In this sense, it was evident throughout the study, collected through narratives, which in technical high school courses built this college belongs to a public IHE, the learning of teaching is much more the existence of a teacher habitus, which begins to reorganize school culture effectively than by the existence of a teaching activity study. Also evidenced, voltages that are essential for the learning of teaching, they are: individuality and colaboratividade; ownership of education and ownership of research and extension; general and specific training and teaching culture and school culture. We then, that in this process, measures are being taken, but there is still lack of articulation between school culture and teaching culture. / Esta tese insere-se na linha de pesquisa Formação, Saberes e Desenvolvimento Profissional do programa de Pós-graduação em Educação (PPGE) da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) e tem como foco a aprendizagem da docência nos cursos técnicos de ensino médio integrado. Objetiva compreender como ocorre a aprendizagem da docência dos professores que trabalham com cursos técnicos de ensino médio integrado. Buscamos assim, conhecer os processos formativos dos professores que trabalham nesta cultura escolar bem como identificar as implicações destes na aprendizagem docente. O presente estudo utiliza a metodologia qualitativa a qual se desenvolveu a partir da abordagem narrativa sociocultural. As narrativas dos treze (13) docentes dos cursos técnicos de ensino médio integrado (eletrotécnica e mecânica) do Colégio técnico investigado constituirão os elementos de análise. Os estudos de Vygostki (1995, 2003, 2007); Bakhtin (1986); Freitas (1994, 1996, 1998); Bolzan (2002, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2011, 2013) e, Conelly; Clandinin (1995) são os subsídios teóricos que fundamentam o desenho investigativo desta pesquisa. Os autores Isaia (2006, 2007, 2009); Isaia; Bolzan (2008); Bolzan (2012); Maciel; Isaia; Bolzan (2012); Maciel (2009); Vygotski (1993, 2005, 2007); Leontiev (1984); Davídov; Márkova (1987) e Kosulin (2002) nos ajudam a compreender a tessitura da aprendizagem da docência quando discutem a atividade docente de estudo e os processos formativos como estímulos para a aprendizagem docente. A discussão sobre a cultura escolar é delineada por autores como Paro (2008); Nóvoa (2005); Minayo (2006); Bolzan (2002); Bolzan e Isaia (2007); Forquin (1993) e Vygotski (1995). Os autores Frigotto, Ciavatta; Ramos (2005); Manfredi (2002); Regattieri; Castro (2009); Kunze (2009) e, Kuenzer (1997) nos ajudam a compreender a educação profissional e tecnológica e as especificidades dos cursos de ensino médio integrado. Na análise das narrativas docentes evidenciamos a existência de uma grande categoria: A aprendizagem da docência, a qual é constituída por duas dimensões, a cultura escolar e a cultura docente. Estas dimensões são organizadas a partir de eixos de análise/desdobramento das dimensões os quais são estruturados por elementos categoriais. Estes elementos são permeados por estímulos auxiliares decorrentes do contexto investigativo e são transversalizados pelo habitus docente. Neste sentido, foi evidenciado ao longo do estudo, por meio das narrativas colhidas, que nos cursos técnicos de ensino médio integrado deste Colégio pertencente a uma IES pública, a aprendizagem da docência ocorre muito mais pela existência de um habitus docente, que passa a reorganizar a cultura escolar, do que efetivamente, pela existência de uma atividade docente de estudo. Evidenciamos também, tensões que são imprescindíveis para a aprendizagem da docência, são elas: individualidade e colaboratividade; apropriação do ensino e a apropriação da pesquisa e da extensão; formação geral e a formação específica e, cultura docente e cultura escolar. Temos então, que neste processo, medidas estão sendo tomadas, mas ainda há carência da articulação entre cultura escolar e cultura docente.

The purpose of this study is to formulate guidelines upon which Technology Education can be put into operation in the South African schools with specific reference to standard eight students. The objective is to formulate Technology Education guidelines suitable for and within the broad framework of the South African curricula. In attempting to translate Technology Education curriculum to South Africa, the author explores the state of advancement in Technology Education in various developed and developing countries. The status, principles and theoretical assumptions of Technology Education are also explored. The role of the teacher in the Technology Education programme is also discussed. Guidelines for Technology Education, including Technology Education teaching strategies, guidelines for Technology Education assessment standards and guidelines for integrating Technology Education, Science and Mathematics are also formulated. The author qualifies the significance of Technology Education in South Africa through a pilot study over a year. The subjects of this (pilot) empirical study consisted of a total of 175 standard eight students, 77 of who were in a control group, who had received no tuition in Technology Education. A group of 98 received tuition in Technology Education for a year. The normal end of the year examination in 1994 measured academic performance of the two groups. Performance in 1993 is also used in the statistical analysis. The Univariate Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) is applied in the analysis of data. Statistically significant differences are found between the academic performance of these two groups in relation to the overall Examination marks, English, Science and Mathematics marks. Statistically significant differences are also found between the 1993 and 1994 performance of the experimental group after receiving Technology Education tuition in standard eight in terms of the overall Examination, marks, English, Science and Mathematics marks. In the control group, no statistically significant differences were evidenced in Mathematics, English and Science when comparing marks in 1993 and in 1994. It is only applicable in the average Examination mark. These results confirm the role that Technology Education plays in enhancing performance in Science and Mathematics including English. / Curriculum and Institutional Studies / D. Ed. (Didactics)

The purpose of this study is to formulate guidelines upon which Technology Education can be put into operation in the South African schools with specific reference to standard eight students. The objective is to formulate Technology Education guidelines suitable for and within the broad framework of the South African curricula. In attempting to translate Technology Education curriculum to South Africa, the author explores the state of advancement in Technology Education in various developed and developing countries. The status, principles and theoretical assumptions of Technology Education are also explored. The role of the teacher in the Technology Education programme is also discussed. Guidelines for Technology Education, including Technology Education teaching strategies, guidelines for Technology Education assessment standards and guidelines for integrating Technology Education, Science and Mathematics are also formulated. The author qualifies the significance of Technology Education in South Africa through a pilot study over a year. The subjects of this (pilot) empirical study consisted of a total of 175 standard eight students, 77 of who were in a control group, who had received no tuition in Technology Education. A group of 98 received tuition in Technology Education for a year. The normal end of the year examination in 1994 measured academic performance of the two groups. Performance in 1993 is also used in the statistical analysis. The Univariate Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) is applied in the analysis of data. Statistically significant differences are found between the academic performance of these two groups in relation to the overall Examination marks, English, Science and Mathematics marks. Statistically significant differences are also found between the 1993 and 1994 performance of the experimental group after receiving Technology Education tuition in standard eight in terms of the overall Examination, marks, English, Science and Mathematics marks. In the control group, no statistically significant differences were evidenced in Mathematics, English and Science when comparing marks in 1993 and in 1994. It is only applicable in the average Examination mark. These results confirm the role that Technology Education plays in enhancing performance in Science and Mathematics including English. / Curriculum and Institutional Studies / D. Ed. (Didactics)