Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-15T13:31:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Naynara Tavares Moreira.pdf: 2121540 bytes, checksum: a3ee1cbcd7655a8f353fcfb665d403b7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-04-07 / The present paper objective to make an critical exegesis on Valdelice Soares Pinheiro?s works starting on her published works: "From within of me"(De dentro de mim - 1961), "Pact" (Pacto - 1977) and "The Poetical Expression of Valdelice Pinheiro" (Express?o Po?tica de Valdelice Pinheiro - 2002). In order to reach this purpose, it looks for recognizing some aspects which allow her insertion on modern poetry and the uniqueness in which she shows the tribulations of contemporary men. The proposal starts on contextualizing the poet and her works on Bahia and Brazil?s poetry scene, emphasizing the women, trying, then, to understand the development of Pinheiro?s poetical writings upon the interpretative readings of the poems on each book. At last, it makes an deeper analysis of the content, focusing the cosmic and existentialist themes, setting talks between Jean-Paul Sarte, Albert Camus, Dostoievsky, Milan Kundera and Marcel Proust, bases for comprehension of the usual themes of her: the absurd of human condition, freedom, writings and the concern about being and be in the universe. Such questions demands the discussion on the position of poetry on contemporaneity and the identification of Pinheiro?s essentialist and spiritualist poetry collating it with other samples of such poetry, both nearby and far from the poet. / O presente trabalho tem por objetivo realizar uma exegese cr?tica da obra de Valdelice Soares Pinheiro, a partir das obras publicadas: De dentro de mim (1961), Pacto (1977) e Express?o po?tica de Valdelice Pinheiro (2002). Para isso, procura reconhecer os aspectos que permitem sua inser??o na l?rica moderna e a singularidade com que pontua as vicissitudes do homem contempor?neo. A proposta principia na contextualiza??o da poeta e das obras no panorama da poesia baiana e brasileira, ressaltando as mulheres; depois busca compreender o desenvolvimento da escritura po?tica de Valdelice, a partir da leitura interpretativa dos poemas; e, por fim, aprofunda a an?lise do conte?do, a partir da tem?tica c?smica e existencialista. Procuramos, nessa trajet?ria, estabelecer di?logo com Jean-Paul Sartre, Albert Camus, Dostoi?vsky, Milan Kundera e Marcel Proust, os quais servem para a compreens?o de temas recorrentes na po?tica em estudo, seja o absurdo da condi??o humana, a liberdade, o exerc?cio da literatura e a preocupa??o com o ser e com o estar no universo. Tais quest?es exigem discutir o papel da poesia na contemporaneidade, buscando na base metaf?sica de Hegel, que define a poesia como express?o da subjetividade, condicionada pelo estado de ?nimo, resultado da rela??o do sujeito com o mundo exterior, a identifica??o da po?tica de Valdelice Pinheiro essencialista e espiritualista, fazendo um cotejo com outros exemplos dessa poesia, tanto do seu contexto ?ntimo, quanto de contextos mais distantes.

Although a mandate was given in an urban southern university for instructors in the Adult Professional Studies Program (APS) to begin transitioning their face-to-face courses to online curricula, few courses have been converted. The purpose of this case study was to determine APS instructors' perceptions of developing and transitioning face-to-face courses to an online format. Lewin's change theory and force field analysis provided the conceptual framework for this study. The research questions concerned the faculty's perceptions of developing and transitioning courses to an online format. A purposeful sample of fulltime and adjunct faculty, with different levels of expertise in online courses within the APS department was invited to participate. Semistructured interview data from these faculty (n = 9) - were analyzed manually using color coding to determine the needs and barriers for instructors transitioning their face-to-face courses to online curricula. According to the study findings, the APS faculty saw value in online education, but perceived many obstacles that keep them from fully investing into this type of instruction. 10 themes were identified through data analysis in this study. These themes were used to create a 3-day professional development (PD) project for faculty members in the APS to assist educators in creating appropriate innovations for teaching and learning in an online setting. Creating a comprehensive, 3-day PD training for APS staff and faculty that address barriers noted in the findings of the study and diverse learning opportunities created learning opportunities for nontraditional students in the APS.

Ce travail de thèse renouvelle l'exploration du sens du lieu dans le contexte urbain contemporain. Problématique centrale de la discipline géographique mais particulièrement revisitée depuis le constat des transformations qu'opère la mondialisation dans nos sociétés, le lieu ressort de cette étude comme un élément significatif dans la définition d'identités collectives et individuelles développées dans un contexte national largement fondé par les mouvements migratoires. L'équation identité–espace–mobilité est traitée par l'observation du quartier de Florentin, au sud de l'agglomération de Tel Aviv. Ancien quartier juif de Jaffa et premier espace commercial de la ville, Florentin se distingue du reste de la ville par son tissu social et son ambiance particulière mais également par une morphologie spécifique. Quartier intermédiaire entre Tel Aviv et Jaffa, longtemps abandonné des services publics, le quartier est réinvesti, dans les années 1990, par la jeunesse bohème de la Tel Aviv cosmopolite et par les travailleurs immigrés (européens, asiatiques et africains); l'une et l'autre populations y trouvant un espace d'hospitalité réciproque. Aujourd'hui, c'est une toute autre frange de la population qui investit le quartier et trouve à Florentin un quotidien exotique et authentique où rejouer, avec une certaine nostalgie, les transformations rapides de la société israélienne. Les particularités du quartier de Florentin, dont ce travail décline différentes facettes, nous informent en réalité sur les dynamiques à l'œuvre dans cet ensemble particulièrement complexe et stratifié que forme la société israélienne et permettent également de relire l'histoire de Tel Aviv.

The design of intelligent learning environments requires significant up-front resources and expertise. These environments generally maintain complex and comprehensive knowledge bases describing pedagogical approaches, learner traits, and content models. This has limited the influence of these technologies in higher education, which instead largely uses learning content management systems in order to deliver non-classroom instruction to learners. This dissertation puts forth a data-assisted approach to embedding intelligence within learning environments. In this approach, instructional experts are provided with summaries of the activities of learners who interact with technology enhanced learning tools. These experts, which may include instructors, instructional designers, educational technologists, and others, use this data to gain insight into the activities of their learners. These insights lead experts to form instructional interventions which can be used to enhance the learning experience. The novel aspect of this approach is that the actions of the intelligent learning environment are now not just those of the learners and software constructs, but also those of the educational experts who may be supporting the learning process. The kinds of insights and interventions that come from application of the data-assisted approach vary with the domain being taught, the epistemology and pedagogical techniques being employed, and the particulars of the cohort being instructed. In this dissertation, three investigations using the data-assisted approach are described. The first of these demonstrates the effects of making available to instructors novel sociogram-based visualizations of online asynchronous discourse. By making instructors aware of the discussion habits of both themselves and learners, the instructors are better able to measure the effect of their teaching practice. This enables them to change their activities in response to the social networks that form between their learners, allowing them to react to deficiencies in the learning environment. Through these visualizations it is demonstrated that instructors can effectively change their pedagogy based on seeing data of their students’ interactions. The second investigation described in this dissertation is the application of unsupervised machine learning to the viewing habits of learners using lecture capture facilities. By clustering learners into groups based on behaviour and correlating groups with academic outcome, a model of positive learning activity can be described. This is particularly useful for instructional designers who are evaluating the role of learning technologies in programs as it contextualizes how technologies enable success in learners. Through this investigation it is demonstrated that the viewership data of learners can be used to assist designers in building higher level models of learning that can be used for evaluating the use of specific tools in blended learning situations. Finally, the results of applying supervised machine learning to the indexing of lecture video is described. Usage data collected from software is increasingly being used by software engineers to make technologies that are more customizable and adaptable. In this dissertation, it is demonstrated that supervised machine learning can provide human-like indexing of lecture videos that is more accurate than current techniques. Further, these indices can be customized for groups of learners, increasing the level of personalization in the learning environment. This investigation demonstrates that the data-assisted approach can also be used by application developers who are building software features for personalization into intelligent learning environments. Through this work, it is shown that a data-assisted approach to supporting instructional interventions in technology enhanced learning environments is both possible and can positively impact the teaching and learning process. By making available to instructional experts the online activities of learners, experts can better understand and react to patterns of use that develop, making for a more effective and personalized learning environment. This approach differs from traditional methods of building intelligent learning environments, which apply learning theories a priori to instructional design, and do not leverage the in situ data collected about learners.

L'immigration massive juive qu'a connu Israël a contribué à sa construction mais a aussi façonné les grandes villes israéliennes telle que Tel-Aviv. La répartition territoriale des immigrants provenant de différents continents montre que Tel-Aviv est scindée en deux : le Nord où vit une classe européenne aisée et le Sud où s'imbriquent les plus défavorisés venant des pays en émergence. Selon la littérature israélienne, ce découpage ne serait pas le résultat d'une ségrégation ethnique mais serait plutôt due aux importants écarts déjà établis entre les pays du Nord et du Sud. Certains sociologues décrivent Tel-Aviv comme une ville plurielle dépourvue de ségrégation ethnique sur le plan résidentiel, mais où subsistent tout de même de forts conflits ethniques. Nous avons donc questionné la cohabitation interethnique dans les espaces publics de Tel-Aviv. En effet, l'espace public comme espace de vie commun mais aussi comme espace démocratique et citoyen met à l'épreuve tout processus de cohabitation entre les différents groupes ethniques israéliens : Ashkénazes, Sépharades, Falashas, Russes et Palestiniens d'Israël. Nous avons donc mené une longue enquête de terrain durant laquelle nous avons réalisés des entretiens ouverts semi-directifs avec cinq acteurs communautaires, puis procédé à une observation participante du quotidien de quinze jeunes Israéliens. Enfin, à la lumière de ces entretiens, nous avons ciblé une série d'espaces publics et observé les dynamiques de cohabitation interethnique. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Ethnicité, relation interethnique, cohabitation interethnique, espace public, Tel-Aviv, Israël.

Unanticipated economic fluctuations exert pressure on state governments to adjust their discretionary fiscal policies to accommodate the changing fiscal situation. Even though states adjust fiscal policy as the economy fluctuates, the typical cyclical economic factors are not the sole determinant of such adjustments. State governments budgeting systems in the United States operate under a variety of budgetary institutions. The most prominent state government budgetary institutions include balanced budget rules (BBRs), tax and expenditure limits (TELs), and supermajority voting requirements for tax increases. This dissertation examines how these budgetary institutions affect state government choices of fiscal policy under different economic conditions. To better understand the effect of state level TELs, a stringency index of state level TEL is constructed considering the major structural features. The fixed-effect panel regressions are used for the analysis of impact of TEL and BBR and tax changes and the fixed-effect Tobit is adopted to test the impact of TEL and BBR on spending cuts after the budget is adopted. The result suggests that TEL plays a more important role affecting states discretionary fiscal adjustment from the tax side, while BBR plays a more important role affecting states discretionary fiscal adjustment from the expenditure side. Results of this research show that TEL exerts pressure on states that hinder state ability to deal with volatile fiscal situations, especially in the case of periods of budget crises.

El propósito de esta investigación es comprobar la existecia de correlación entre la conciencia fonológica y el conocimiento del lenguaje escrito en niños preescolares con y sin TEL. Se evaluó treinta niños con diagnóstico de TEL expresivo, que asistían a escuelas de lenguaje y treinta niños sin TEL. Todos pertenecían a nivel socioeconómico bajo y tenían un rango de edad que fluctuaba entre 4.0 y 4.11 años.

Francis Poulenc has made a significant contribution to twentieth century repertoire for voice and piano. Many of his songs are published in collections under a single title. These collections are often referred to as cycles, but they do not always fall into the definition of a song cycle in the traditional sense. The goal of this paper is to disclose a cyclic nature on a structural level in the music of Banalités, using Tel jour telle nuit as a model for critical examination of both works. The introduction to the thesis addresses both the problem of defining a song cycle, and the implications such a definition has on categorizing the works Banalités and Tel jour telle nuit. Chapter One explores influences of composers, teachers and artistic movements on Poulenc's early life and outlines his significant compositional periods. In addition, this chapter cites specific works indicative of a maturation process in Poulenc's approach to vocal settings. Chapter Two investigates the poetic texts of Banalités and Tel jour telle nuit. Guillaume Apollinaire and Paul Eluard were integral figures in the developments of Surrealism and its formation as an artistic movement. The chapter analyses the linkage between the poems within each work, offering interpretive solutions. Chapter Three, which constitutes the main body of the paper, provides a detailed analysis of the general architecture and shape of each cycle in terms of formal structure, harmonic and melodic language, and text-music relationships. The analysis reveals that both cycles are highly integrated and unified through various devices, such as literal restatement of materials, intervallic relationships and stylistic resemblances at the levels of texture, tempo and tonal structure. Moreover, metric aspects of both poetry and music are shown to also contribute to that integration. In light of this investigation, unifying devices of both a covert and overt nature testify to the cyclic nature of Banalités and Tel jour telle nuit, yet point to the different type of cycle each work outlines. This conclusion helps the performers to convey the unity of the song cycles, thus doing justice to the sense in which Poulenc conceived the works. / Arts, Faculty of / Music, School of / Graduate

Garbage landfills are at the heart of debates over sustainable urban development. Landfills are the cheapest waste-disposal method, but have specific environmental problems and are a common target for citizen activism such as environmental justice and Not In My Backyard (NIMBY) protests. As a means of covering up the scars at recently closed landfills, it has been common for cities to redevelop landfills into parks. The ongoing redevelopment projects at New York City's Fresh Kills, Greater Toronto's Keele Valley, and Greater Tel Aviv's Hiriya landfills are uniquely ambitious and large-scale projects, because these three landfills were among the largest in the world at the time each of them closed around the turn of the twenty-first century. These three landfill-park redevelopments are positive projects, but there are more complexities involved than one would find discussed in booster rhetoric such as government press releases, local newspaper descriptions, and even museum exhibitions. The construction of Freshkills Park, North Maple Regional Park, and Ariel Sharon Park does little to address the ongoing waste-disposal policy concerns of New York, Toronto, and Tel Aviv; therefore, the redevelopments have more significance as “symbols” of a poor past policy being replaced by a “progressive” policy for a better future than as actual waste-disposal policies. Artists and landscape architects have created works based on the theme of parkland as a fresh start for these landfills, in gallery and museum exhibitions such as Hiriya in the Museum at the Tel Aviv Museum of Art in 2000 and artwork created by acclaimed environmental artist Mierle Laderman Ukeles for Fresh Kills.

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