Denna uppsats syftar till att analysera på vilka grunder en konfessionell skola utformar sin värdegrund och arbete mot kränkande behandling, utifrån en fallstudie av Livets Ords Kristna Skola. Dessa frågeställningar är grunden till uppsatsens syfte:  På vilka argument grundar skolan sin målsättning och likabehandlingsplan?  Hur präglas skolans värdegrundsarbete av den religiösa profilen?  Vilka texter hänvisar skolan till i sina dokument?  Är innehållet i dokumenten förenligt med den aktuella läroplanens värdegrund?  Hur framträder konsekvenserna av föräldrars rätt till att välja utbildning i dokumenten? Den metod som har använts är en systematiserande kvalitativ textanalys med målet att klargöra tankestrukturen i texterna. Detta för att belysa och förstå det viktigaste i texternas innehåll. Resultatet visar att dokumenten är präglade av kristna värderingar men även demokratiska värderingar som är förenliga med den aktuella läroplanen. Olika styrdokument ger olika intryck vad gäller konfessionella skolors legitimitet. Innehållet i de analyserade dokumenten pekar mot att föräldrarätten är dominerande och en förutsättning för konfessionella skolors existens med hjälp av rättigheter som finns skrivna i FN:s allmänna deklaration och Europakonventionen.

Questa tesi si compone di tre parti e tratta di differenti aspetti inerenti l'organizzazione geopolica delle nazioni da un punto di vista teorico. Viene prestata particolare attenzione agli effetti della distribuzione del reddito. / This dissertation is composed of three papers and discusses different aspects of the geopolitical organization of countries from a theoretical point of view. Special attention is given to the effects of income distribution

This thesis aims at developing a conceptual framework for advancing basic research on questions about coercive diplomacy and the management of intrastate conflicts by relying on hegemonic stability theory and its most fundamental concept: public good. In the light of the failure of international community in developing a unified response to the most cases of intrastate conflicts, the study investigates the role of leadership in international attempts to manage such conflicts. I argue that in the absence of a direct threat to the interests of each individual member, there will be a need for a leader that is capable to provide public goods associated with efforts to bring a solution to the conflict. Findings from several phases of Kosovo crisis which support this proposition is used to illustrate and evaluate the accuracy of this assumption. Thus, the study is not only concerned with coercive diplomacy as a form of intervention but also the process that finally culminates into that instrument as evidence of the necessity for a leader.

The privatization of K-12 education in Canada is not new. The public and private sectors feel like natural elements of the Canadian education system because they have existed side by side since confederation. However, this thesis challenges that tradition and argues that private education undermines collective responsibility for education as a shared, public good by catering to private interests and isolating students from the public realm. Not only does private education reinforce the likelihood of socio-economic stratification, but the concept of a “public good” is increasingly destabilized as social services like education are privatized. Why, then, does the privatization of K-12 education continue to be an insignificant political issue in Canada? This question is particularly pertinent at a time when neoliberalism is in full swing in the United States, and all the time more apparent in Canada. Neoliberalism’s emphasis on the precedence of economic ideals over concerns for social welfare and democratic participation has transformed the way that we understand “value”. Drawing on a broad range of scholars including Charles Taylor, Richard Pildes, Janice Gross Stein, Henry Giroux, Francois-Lyotard and Michel Foucault, this thesis argues that the values involved in the very concept of private education reinforce, and are reinforced by, neoliberal views about the place of the individual within society, and that these values are detrimental to the concern for education as shared, public good.

PETRÁCH, F. Municipal enterprises - their objectives and functioning in a modern economy. České Budějovice, 2013. 137 pgs. Faculty of Economics. University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice. Thesis supervisor: doc. Ing. Ivana Faltová Leitmanová, CSc. This thesis deals with the municipal enterprises in the context of their objectives and functioning in a modern economy. The main goal of this work is the assessment of the selected aspects of the provision of public goods / services on the example of the waste collection in the context of the institutional arrangements in the Czech Republic. In the application part of the thesis the author, at first, focuses on the general development of municipal enterprises in the Czech Republic since 1993 with an emphasis on the period from 2002 to 2012. Furthermore, there was examined the sample of companies with a main activity of the category of 38110 according to CZ-NACE classification Collection of non-hazardous waste in the context of selected financial indicators depending on the legal form of business and ownership. Also, there were statistically analyzed links between indicators. From a geographic point of view, there were examined the variables characterizing the uniformity of the distribution of these enterprises in the Czech Republic.

O free-riding (trapaça) e a coordenação são dois tipos de problemas potenciais em contratos de incentivo em grupo, especificamente, em contratos de incentivo baseado em meta orçamentária de grupo. A orientação de valor social (SVO - Social Value Orientation), medida de diferença individual que classifica as pessoas em individualistas - maximizadores do interesse próprio, competidores - maximizadores da vantagem relativa, e pró-sociais - maximizadores do resultado do grupo -, é fator importante que tem implicações no desenho dos contratos de incentivo em grupo. O estudo de Upton (2009) revelou que, com base na orientação de valor social dos indivíduos, os indivíduos de orientação pró-social apresentam maior desempenho e menor probabilidade de trapacear sobre as contribuições dos membros do grupo do que os indivíduos de orientação individualista e competidora. Além disso, para as empresas que adotam este tipo de contrato para o fornecimento de incentivo em grupo, a seleção de trabalhadores com preferência do tipo pró-social seria mais adequada para assegurar a produtividade do trabalho em grupo, e assim melhorar o desempenho empresarial. Nesse contexto, este trabalho busca mostrar que embora a SVO seja uma importante consideração para o desenho do contrato, outro fator tal como a identidade do grupo é também um elemento a ser incorporado neste processo, uma vez que um dos grandes desafios para resolver os problemas de uma situação de dilema social, como a do contexto de incentivo em grupo, é promover o comportamento cooperativo em ambiente de produção em grupo. Portanto, manipulações baseadas na ativação da identidade, processo pelo qual os indivíduos manifestam suas preferências em recompensas individuais ou do grupo, poderiam ter influência no desempenho de grupos com diferentes tipos de SVO. O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar o papel moderador da ativação da identidade no efeito da SVO sobre o desempenho de grupo em contrato de incentivo baseado em meta orçamentária de grupo. Em um experimento, 135 estudantes de curso de graduação de quatro (4) Instituições de Ensino Superior do Estado da Paraíba realizaram um jogo repetido de dilema de bem público nas condições experimentais de identidade pessoal e identidade de grupo. Os resultados indicaram significância estatística do efeito principal da identidade no desempenho de grupo, enquanto a SVO não teve efeito significativo. Encontraram-se evidências de moderação da SVO no efeito da ativação da identidade de grupo nos grupos de participantes com SVO individualista e competidor, confirmando assim a hipótese de transformação de motivos. Porém, nenhum efeito foi observado nos grupos de participantes com SVO pró-social, refutando desta forma a hipótese de ampliação de motivos. / Free-riding and coordination are two types of potential problems in group incentive contracts, specifically in incentive contracts based on budget target group. The social value orientation (SVO - Social Value Orientation), individual difference measure that classifies people in individualistic - maximizers of self-interest, competitors - maximizing the relative advantage, and prosocial - maximizing the outcome of the group -, is an important fator which has implications for the design of group incentive contracts. Upton (2009) revealed that based on the social value orientation of individuals, pro-social value orientation of individuals have higher performance and less likely to free-ride on the contributions of members of the group than individuals having individualistic value orientation and competitor. In addition, for companies that adopt this type of contract for the supply of incentive group, the selection of workers prefer the pro-social type would be best suited to ensure the group in labor productivity, and improving business performance. In this context, this thesis seeks to show that while the SVO is an important consideration for the contract design, other factors such as group identity is also an element to be incorporated in this process, since one of the major challenges to solve the problems of a social dilemma situation as the group incentive context, is to promote cooperative behavior in group production environment. Therefore, manipulations based on the activation of identity, the process by which individuals manifest their individual preferences rewards or group could have an influence on the performance of groups with different types of SVO. This study aimed to investigate the moderating role of identity activation in the effect of the SVO on the group of performance incentive contract based on budgetary target group. In one experiment, 135 students of undergraduate course of four higher education institutions of the Paraíba State conducted a repeated game of public good dilemma in the experimental conditions of personal identity and group identity. The results showed statistically significant main effect of identity in the group of performance, while the SVO had no significant effect. They have found evidence of moderation in SVO effect of group identity activation in groups of participants with SVO individualistic and competitive, thus confirming the hypothesis of transformation motives. However, no effect was observed in groups of participants with pro-social SVO, thereby disproving hypothesis amplification motives.

The privatization of K-12 education in Canada is not new. The public and private sectors feel like natural elements of the Canadian education system because they have existed side by side since confederation. However, this thesis challenges that tradition and argues that private education undermines collective responsibility for education as a shared, public good by catering to private interests and isolating students from the public realm. Not only does private education reinforce the likelihood of socio-economic stratification, but the concept of a “public good” is increasingly destabilized as social services like education are privatized. Why, then, does the privatization of K-12 education continue to be an insignificant political issue in Canada? This question is particularly pertinent at a time when neoliberalism is in full swing in the United States, and all the time more apparent in Canada. Neoliberalism’s emphasis on the precedence of economic ideals over concerns for social welfare and democratic participation has transformed the way that we understand “value”. Drawing on a broad range of scholars including Charles Taylor, Richard Pildes, Janice Gross Stein, Henry Giroux, Francois-Lyotard and Michel Foucault, this thesis argues that the values involved in the very concept of private education reinforce, and are reinforced by, neoliberal views about the place of the individual within society, and that these values are detrimental to the concern for education as shared, public good. / Education, Faculty of / Curriculum and Pedagogy (EDCP), Department of / Graduate

The thesis deals with Public Private Partnership in the European Union and Czech Republic. On the grounds of analysis, it aims to asses impacts of providing public goods especially by course of PPP projects. PPP issue is defined generally, considering all basic elements by way of theoretical information. A comparative view of current PPP situation and development in Czech Republic and Great Britain was an important contribution while handling the selected topic. An analysis of EU task of implementing PPP projects in member states and financing these projects from EU funds is no less important. In the analytical part, emphasis is put on the origins and history of PPP, legal regulations of PPP and the institutional framework in particular countries. Number of instances of practice are mentioned too. As regards Czech Republic, one part of the thesis is devoted to the barriers to development.

Au cours des débats relatifs à la future Politique agricole commune (PAC) pour la période 2014-2020, nous avons pu constater un recours de plus en plus fréquent à la notion de bien public, permettant de justifier le maintien de cette politique dans un contexte de dérégulation et de libéralisation économique de plus en plus marqué. En nous appuyant sur un cadre théorique original, construit à la croisée de l’économie rurale française, de l’ancienne économie institutionnaliste américaine et de la théorie de la régulation, cette thèse propose de s’interroger sur le rôle joué par la notion de bien public dans la recherche d’un nouveau compromis entre les différents acteurs et groupes d’intérêts impliqués dans ces débats. Le premier chapitre de cette thèse, propose un état de l’art de la notion de bien public en sciences économiques et met en évidence que cette notion apparaît finalement peu stabilisée dans ce champ disciplinaire. Face à ce premier résultat, nous proposerons de stabiliser cette notion pour la suite de notre thèse, en nous appuyant sur un cadre d’analyse d’économie politique élargi.Dans un second chapitre, nous interrogerons les origines de cette notion dans les débats européens relatifs à la PAC, ainsi que son interprétation et son lien avec la notion de multifonctionnalité agricole précédemment mobilisée dans ces débats. Finalement, nous mettrons en évidence à travers un dernier chapitre, l’existence d’interprétations différenciées de la notion de bien public selon certains États membres et régions étudiés, en rapport direct avec les intérêts défendus par les principaux groupes d’acteurs participants aux débats régionaux et nationaux relatifs à la future PAC. / During the debates about the future common agricultural policy for the 2014-2020 period, we noticed an increasingly use of the concept of public good in order to justify the continuation of this policy in a context of deregulation and economic liberalization.Drawing on an original theoretical framework that built at the crossroads of the French rural economy, of the former U.S. institutional economics and of the theory of regulation, this thesis proposes to examine the role played by the notion of public good dealing with a new agreement between the different actors and interests involved in the CAP debate.The first chapter of this thesis offers a state of the art of the concept of public good in economics and highlights the notion that finally appears somewhat stabilize in this area. In line with this first result, we propose to stabilize this concept for the rest of our argument by relying on a broader political economy framework of analysis.In the second chapter, we examine the origins of this notion in the European debates about the CAP, its interpretation by the European commission and its relationship with the concept of agricultural multifunctionality previously mobilized in these debates.Finally, we highlight through the last chapter , the existence of different interpretation of the concept of public good by some Member States and regions studied, linked with the interests defended by key stakeholder groups involved in the regional and national debates about the future CAP.

Este trabalho busca analisar políticas de redução das taxas de homicídios em municípios da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, baseadas especificamente na restrição do horário de funcionamento de bares. O objetivo geral é analisar comparativamente a implementação da chamada Lei Seca nesta região, considerando a necessidade de coordenação da ação de diversos atores para a sua efetivação. A hipótese principal é que os resultados alcançados pela Lei Seca dependem da articulação entre diversos atores (estatais e civis) ligados à segurança pública, de um desenho institucional bem delimitado para garantir a coordenação desses agentes e da fiscalização das ações. Os processos de implementação da lei foram analisados comparativamente, bem como o consórcio de instituições e atores civis responsáveis pela elaboração, execução e fiscalização da lei. O trabalho baseou-se em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, levantamento de estatísticas criminais e entrevistas qualitativas com agentes envolvidos na formulação e implementação dessa política pública. Esta análise se insere nos debates sobre a articulação entre instituições responsáveis pela segurança pública, participação da sociedade civil, municipalização da segurança pública, relação entre o consumo de álcool e homicídios e outros, mas a contribuição pretendida refere-se especialmente ao debate sobre a produção de bens coletivos. Pode-se concluir que os resultados da interação entre os atores envolvidos e a cooperação para a efetivação da política analisada dependem de investimentos dos atores públicos para o estabelecimento de condições iniciais de implementação baseadas no diálogo e convencimento dos demais atores, aproximando-se assim daquilo que a literatura passou a denominar governança colaborativa. / This thesis aims to analyze policies to reduce homicide rates in cities within the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, based on restricting bars business hours. The overall objective is to analyze the implementation of the Dry Law in the area, taking into consideration the need to coordinate the action of many players in order to make it effective. The main assumption is that Dry Law results depend on the joint effort from various players in public safety (state and civil), a well-defined institutional structure to ensure coordination of these agents and actions surveillance. The law implementation process was analyzed, as well as the consortium of institutions and civil players responsible for the preparation, enforcement and supervision of the law. The work was based on literature and documents review, crime statistics and qualitative interviews with stakeholders involved in the formulation and implementation of this public policy. This analysis is part of the debates about the articulation among institutions responsible for public safety, civil society participation, municipalization of public safety, the relation between alcohol consumption and homicide and others. Nevertheless, the contribution is intended to refer specifically to the debate on the production of collective goods. In conclusion, results from the interaction among players and cooperation to put this policy into effect depend on public players investment in order to establish initial conditions for implementation, based on dialogue and persuasion of other players, approaching what literature has defined as \"collaborative governance\"