Syftet med denna studie är att försöka finna och beskriva lärares syn på problemformuleringar inom matematik och specifikt hur lärarna anser att det inverkar på elevers förmåga att redovisa sitt kunnande vid skriftliga matematikprov. Studien görs på gymnasienivån. I studien har intervjuer med lärare genomförts för att erhålla data och därefter har en tematisk analys gjorts för att kunna beskriva synen på problemformuleringar som framkommit i lärares utsagor. Det empiriska underlaget bygger på totalt fem intervjuer med gymnasielärare. Trots det ringa antalet framkommer ändå en klar bild av lärares uppfattningar och beskrivningar av problemformuleringar som så och vilken betydelse de har för elevers förmåga att utföra beräkningar. Lärarna upplever att formuleringarna har stor betydelse för i hur stor omfattning elever klarar av att lösa eller tolka uppgifter, dvs har en tydlig resultatpåverkan. Lärare beskriver att formuleringarna påverkar eleverna. Som lärare försöker man variera formuleringar medvetet och beskriver hur det är en del av ämnets kultur att också variera problemformuleringar. Ingen av de intervjuade lärarna försöker medvetet förklara för elever speciellt hur formuleringar kan tydas, alltså det medtas inte i undervisningen. Lärarna kan inte påminna sig att det ingick i deras lärarutbildning att dels formulera problem, dels reflektera kring formuleringars betydelse. Det framkom även att lärarna upplever en ambivalens i förhållande till att variera problemformuleringar, t.ex. upplever man att variationer av formuleringar påverkar svagare elever mer negativt än högpresterande elever, samt att lärarna verkar anse att man bör variera men undervisar inte specifikt om formuleringar som så. / The purpose of this study is to find and describe teachers’ perceptions of the wording of problems in mathematics tests and specifically how it affects pupil’s ability to present their knowledge at high school level.Interviews were conducted to obtain data for a thematic analysis in order to describe the perceptions of the teachers in these interviews. The empirical data consists of five interviews with high school teachers. Despite the small data set a clear picture is revealed of views and descriptions as such and their implications on students’ ability to show knowledge. The teachers perceive that that the wording has an important impact on the students’ ability to interpret or solve problems, i.e. has clear influence on results. They describe that it influences students. They will vary wordings in tests on purpose and perceive that it is a part of the subject’s culture to do so. None of the interviewees try conscientiously to specifically explain for the students how wording should be understood, thus not teached. None of the teachers can recall wording of problems being a part of their educations to become teacher (not included in education of teachers). It emerged as well a perception of ambivalence, e.g. it impacts more weaker students, one is supposed to vary but does not teach how to interpret.

The media can arguably be seen to have an important part in how the public view the police. A negative presentation is seen to have several grave consequences and is argued to influence the public’s confidence in the police's legitimacy. The police in Malmö have during the last decade received much attention and media coverage because of their severe issues with criminality and violence. The aim of this thesis was partly to examine how the police in Malmö is presented in printed news and what the consequences of this might be, but also to examine if the presentation of the police changed since the reorganisation of the police force in Sweden. The method used to achieve this was a thematic analysis which was used on 193 articles from three newspapers. This included a search for themes which were later compiled into measurable figures so an examination of potential trends over the covered period, the 1st of January in 2013 to the 31st December in 2016, was possible. The results showed that 71 articles were positive, 112 articles were negative and 10 articles were neutral or ambiguous. Thus, there were 41 more negative articles than positive which shows that there is a more negative presentation of the police. When examining the trends over time it showed that a change in the presentation occurs the year that the reorganisation of the police force takes effect, however, the change differs between the newspapers.

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No description available.

BACKGROUND: People survive repeated health crises that used to be fatal and, at times, treatment intended to prolong life, prolongs death instead. Many people die in hospitals although they say they prefer to die at home. At the same time, research identifies multiple ways the American healthcare system is ill equipped to serve patients at the end of life. Presently, 20% of Americans die in Intensive Care Units (ICU), thus ICUs represent an important setting for learning about end-of-life care and death in America today. PURPOSE: To explore the nature of ICU care as perceived by family members, this qualitative study analyzed 693 reports from surveys mailed to family members of patients who died in the ICU of a major Boston hospital between 2009 and 2015. The study focused on experiences of received services as reported in responses to the survey’s three open-ended questions regarding helpful and unhelpful aspects of care surrounding the patient’s death. Family member experiences with social work services were also explored. METHODS: Data were assessed using the Family-centered Care (FCC) model, an emerging framework for provision of best practices in hospital settings. This framework emphasizes that patients, families, and health care providers work in partnership to set treatment goals. Since FCC has been correlated with better outcomes, one research objective here was to explore the extent to which family members’ experiences reflected the presence of FCC. The study also assessed family members’ experiences that fell outside the realm of FCC. Using NVivo software, analysis was guided by Braun and Clarke’s (2012) six-phase thematic analysis approach. FINDINGS AND IMPLICATIONS: Family members described numerous positive experiences. Deaths were humane and the delivery of FCC was evident. An in-depth data analysis provided illuminating details of FCC and explicated over 47 themes important to families’ ICU experiences. Families reported that they received emotional support, were well-informed, and were treated with respect. Findings suggest that FCC is possible in an ICU setting, supporting the use of FCC in ICU care and suggesting that it could profoundly improve the quality of end-of-life care. Responses concerning the role of social work were limited.

This thesis endeavors to make sense of how Jordan Peterson, a highly controversial public figure—who is rapidly becoming academia’s equivalent to a rock star—is perceived by his online audience. To that end, the study adopts an analytical approach while integrating several theoretical frameworks, including the concept of echo chambers. It concentrates on Peterson’s two most viewed videos on YouTube, found on British GQ (@BritishGQ) and Channel 4 News (@Channel4News), examining the comments section for insights. Besides being the most popular entries with a combined total of over one hundred million views, these videos are also of particular interest since they both involve a one-on-one interview format with a host questioning Peterson about similar yet different topics. While Peterson has been the subject of various research in different disciplines, little attention has been paid to how his audience in social media generally perceives him as a public figure. The primary objective is to discover more about his online following by evaluating their comments, particularly those that receive the most likes and appear at the top. The data is intricate and encompasses various inquiries that call for clarification. The investigation employs corpus linguistics, computational methods, and sentiment analysis to gain deeper insight into the data. The analysis revealed that the majority of influential commenters expressed favorable opinions about the interviewee, with subjective language and direct quotes from the interview being prevalent. There were also distinct themes and echo chambers present, and comments with polarized sentiments tended to be more popular among viewers. In addition to discussing the technical aspects and limitations that must be considered when interpreting the findings, this study emphasizes the promise of social media and new media as powerful tools for effecting social change and promoting public discourse on various issues. The study concludes that employing various methods simultaneously to paint a comprehensive picture from a dataset seems exciting and that the choice of approach comes down to the research questions and the resources available. The paper calls for further research to determine the extent to which the findings can be applied to similar ventures and explore the implications of echo chambers on public perception and discourse.

Grandfamilies, or families in which grandparents are raising their grandchildren, often form due to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) experienced by the grandchildren. ACEs have been linked to multiple negative short- and long-term behavioral and emotional consequences for children. Yet, having an ACE history does not guarantee negative outcomes, as protective factors such as positive relationships with a safe and caring adult, healthy family functioning, and utilization of formal services can mitigate the negative effects of ACEs. Researchers have regularly called on families to seek timely intervention and services for ACEs; however, many grandparents raising grandchildren report negative interactions with service providers as well as service delivery. Limited research has explored the extent to which grandfamilies with ACEs may have experienced similar interactions while seeking and using formal services. Guided by Andersen's (1995) Behavioral Model of Health Service Use, this qualitative study sought to explore (1) the service needs of grandchildren with an ACE history who are being raised by their grandparents; (2) the service needs of grandparents raising grandchildren with an ACE history; (3) the process of seeking services when grandparents raising a grandchild with an ACE history look for services for their grandchild; and (4) best practices for delivering services to grandfamilies with an ACE history. The research questions were primarily addressed through via interviewing 10 grandparents from Central Appalachia who were raising a grandchild with an ACE history and by conducting two focus groups of 8 to 12 formal service providers with experience working with grandparents raising grandchildren with an ACE history. Interview data were analyzed using grounded theory and focus group data were analyzed through thematic analysis. Study findings indicated that grandchildren have emotional and developmental needs. Grandparents described needs related to the emotional impact of raising a grandchild with an ACE history, family and parent involvement, and parenting a grandchild with an ACE history. Study results also highlighted how grandparents can expect to encounter barriers throughout the service seeking and delivery process. Study results also highlighted the critical nature of having a strong relationship with a service provider and the importance of a service provider reducing barriers, being attentive to grandfamily needs, and involving the grandparent in the treatment process. Finally, results from the focus groups revealed best practices such as providing grandparents with education on ACEs, being aware of intergenerational ACE cycles, and engaging in assessment and intervention when working with this population. Implications for clinical practice as well as directions for future research are discussed. / Doctor of Philosophy / Historically, grandparents have long been called upon to assist with caring for their grandchildren. In the last forty years, grandparents have increasingly shifted to a new role—that of parent. Grandfamilies are commonly created due to adverse childhood experiences, or ACEs, which can include child abuse, child neglect, or household challenges such as parental substance abuse or parental incarceration. Experiencing ACEs does not guarantee negative outcomes in a child's life, but their presence and number can affect it, particularly when a child has experienced numerous ACEs. Professional services or treatment are one way to support these children. However, negative interactions with service providers or unfulfilled expectations with service delivery can dissuade grandparents from continuing services. This study sought to understand how grandparents raising a grandchild with an ACE history identify the grandchild's needs, come to the realization that their grandchild needs professional help, the process and experience of receiving that professional help, as well as what happened after the grandchild received professional services. After interviewing 10 grandparents raising a grandchild with an ACE history, study findings revealed how grandparents identify grandchild needs, and then manage those needs as well as grandchild behaviors. Study findings also illustrated a recursive relationship between grandparents managing grandchild needs and building a relationship of trust with the formal service provider once services have started. Building a relationship of trust with a formal service provider can then result in creating change or the grandparent deciding to end services. Finally, grandparent interview data revealed that throughout the entire process of service seeking, grandparents raising a grandchild with an ACE history commonly experience barriers hindering their access to services including personal, availability, and systemic barriers. Finally, the study sought to understand best practices for working with grandparents raising grandchildren with an ACE history, which include assessing for and creating interventions targeting ACEs, providing education on ACEs to grandparents, and being aware of intergenerational ACE cycles with these families. Strategies for clinical practice are also identified.

The popular music duo known as Hooja and DJ Mårdhund was during 2023 known by most of the Swedish population. They won prizes, did interviews and even had their own documentary by the Swedish public service SVT. This was all achieved while the duo was anonymous, only showing themselves with masks and layers of clothes as well as thick northern accents. However, on the 6th of July 2023, their true identities were revealed as well as where they live and how much money they make, in an article written by the Swedishnewspaper Aftonbladet. Before the reveal they had such a huge medial platform where they could express themselves however they wanted but with the article by Aftonbladet it was also revealed that everything they said in the interviews wan´t true. This raised the question, har source criticism in journalism disappeared? Journalism has such a power in society that it is highly important that the information shared is truthful. Without source criticism there is no telling of what is true and what's made up and the power is instead moved from trusted journalistic newsrooms to everyday people who want a place in the paper. The purpose of this study is to in depth analyze how journalistic medias used framing and have portrayed the duo before their identities were revealed. This has been done using a qualitative thematic analysis on four different publications (two of each) by the Swedish public service Sveriges radio and Aftonbladet. The themes found during the analysis were“Characters”, “Source criticism”, “Truthfulness” and “Behind the masks”. The result showed that at least two of the articles gravely lacked source criticism and that the music duo pretty much had free rain to portray themselves however they wanted. Only one of the articles contained a high level of criticism. In the discussion the theories of uses and gratification and framing theory was used to show how media has used the fame of Hooja and how Hooja has used media platforms as a way to market themselves.

This thesis examines the changes and effects the covid-19 pandemic had on the Church of Sweden within the diocese of Karlstad. The thesis is based on semi-structured interviews with eight vicars within the diocese of Karlstad. The data from the interviews were analysed using a thematic analysis. The thesis theoretical origin is derived from institutional theory, and new institutionalism. According to these theories, organisations evolve in response to the expectations and pressures exerted by society. The covid-19 pandemic affected the entire society including religious communities, among them the Church of Sweden. Many issues occurred during the pandemic and the restriction regarding the number of participants at social gatherings resulted in solutions such as booking systems and more frequent services where the vicar stood outside the church counting the participants. The thesis also presents how all parishes in question underwent some form of digitalisation and how seven out of eight parishes offered digital services. The changes that occurred in the parishes are in accordance with both theories. Lastly the thesis demonstrates the range of how these changes were maintained when the covid-19 pandemic subsided, and the restrictions were lifted. Some parishes still use digital services but at a much lower sequence since the demand for digital services decreased severely. Digital meetings are still in use but other than that how the changes maintained varied within the parishes. The opportunity to offer and suggest livestreaming a funeral if a family member is illwould never have happened before the pandemic and the parishes all agree that the knowledge, experiences, and attitudes that the pandemic brought on have come to stay and that they are ready for the next crisis.

This thesis explores the intricate interplay of fatness and queerness, as navigated by Greek individuals. Employing a qualitative approach and thematic analysis, the study aims to unfold the experiences, challenges, and resilience. To do so it is informed by queer theory, as well as Michel Foucault’s concept of the Panopticon and Judith Butler’s concept of performativity. Ethical considerations, the application of queer phenomenology, and an awareness of positionality guide the study to ensure a compassionate and empathetic examination of these experiences. The findings reveal the pervasive societal narratives on fatness and queerness and the significant role of self-identification, aiming to contribute to the broader discourse on body image, self-identity, and societal expectations.