No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

Cognitive dissonance refers to a state of internal conflict, arising when two or more cognitions are inconsistent with each other. The state brings about an urge to reach consonance - and to do so, different reduction strategies can be utilized. Sugar dating constitutes a transactional form of dating that is growing in our modern, digital time, it resides in a gray area between conventional relationships and prostitution. Against the societal backdrop that enables sugar dating, this study aims at exploring if sugar daters in Sweden express cognitive dissonance and what, if anything, they do to reduce it. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews (n=24) and analyzed through hypothetical-deductive thematic analysis. Results show that a majority of the sample expressed cognitive dissonance regarding their sugar dating. Several reduction strategies emerged, which could be categorized in line with earlier research on cognitive dissonance. This study provides a tool for understanding incomprehensible actions via knowledge on human behavior. For further research we suggest qualitative research exploring the psychological consequences of moving in the intimacy/transaction gray area, possible links between dissonance and clinical dissociation, and more in-depth exploration of the emotional labor discussed by sugar babes.

Indian cinema has produced a series of locally developed film genres, most notably the ‘mythological’ and the ‘curry western’. In this paper, I examined films that fall under the sub-genre of the dacoit film, in an effort to fill in a gap in the Indian film history genre development and provide professionals in the field with the necessary information to not only recognize but also make use of recurrent tropes that appear in these films. To do that I selected 11 (eleven) representative dacoit films that cover several decades of Indian film production.  In addition, I conducted a literature review of film genre in Indian film to understand how film genre develops in the Indian film industry and what are the differences in relation to genre theory as developed for the Hollywood film industry. The theoretical framework I used for this study is based upon the work of two film genre analysts, Grant and Altman in addition to various Indian film scholars. In order to understand how genre development takes place for each genre element I applied the thematic analysis methodology to the 11 (eleven) dacoit feature films. My results showed that there are 5 (five) major themes that characterize dacoit films. In addition, overall dacoit films exhibit strong consistency in all the genre elements of the theoretical framework, and they do follow Indian film conventions as well.

The aim of this study is to deepen the understanding of how a grass root initiative evolves to become a Non-Governmental Organization based on the example of Refugees Welcome to Malmö and to explore how and why people become volunteers, how the volunteers describe their motivation and experiences of becoming and to be a volunteer in this context, and finally how they think and reflect upon their engagement four months later. Based on semi-structured interviews with ten volunteers who helped asylum seeking refugees in the fall of 2015 in Malmö, this study shows that the main reason for how and why they became volunteers was a combination of an inner motivation and will to help and the possibility to easily get engaged in voluntary action with others. The theoretical framework in the study is Christoph Spurk’s identification and characterization of the seven functions of civil society, and the analysis of the empirical material includes a dialog with relevant findings in previous research. By using a narrative design and a thematic analysis the empirical material has been analyzed, organized and presented. The results speak of a perceived humanitarian purpose even though the volunteers’ engagement could be interpreted as political, in the context of a polarized political climate with racism and political violence against refugees. Refugees Welcome to Malmö fulfilled civil society functions such as service delivery, building community, socialization and intermediation and facilitation between citizens and state. The study shows that volunteering and aiding asylum seeking refugees have been a positive personal and emotional experience, and that the civil society action resulted in new social networks between individuals, organizations and official actors. However, alongside cooperation over religious and political boundaries social processes of conflict and prestige existed in the background.