Stanislas Fumet (1896-1983) est un intellectuel catholique dont le rôle, crucial dans des domaines multiples et variés, est méconnu. Éditeur dans la prestigieuse collection du « Roseau d’Or », fondateur de la revue chrétienne Temps Présent, résistant, gaulliste, homme de radio sur France Culture : toutes ces facettes de Fumet ne l’ont pas conduit à être une figure intellectuelle engagée de premier plan. Plus que par une absence de notoriété, cette réalité s’explique largement par la fonction de service, « ancillaire » selon les termes de son filleul Pierre Manent, que Fumet a occupée auprès d’une génération intellectuelle marquée en premier lieu par la figure de Jacques Maritain. Serviteur de celle-ci, Fumet est aussi progressivement devenu au fil des années l’un de ses derniers représentants, assumant un « magistère spirituel dans le temporel » (Jean-Marie Lustiger) durant des années de mutation profonde de celui-ci. / Stanislas Fumet (1896-1983) was a Catholic intelllectual whose crucial role in many and varied domains is unrecognized. An editor of the prestigious series "Roseau d’Or", founder of the Christian journal Temps Présent, member of the Resistance, Gaullist, broadcaster for the radio station France Culture : none of these facets led to Fumet being in the foregroud of politically committed intellectuals. More than by an absence of fame, this reality can be explained by the supporting (or "ancillary" to use his godson Pierre Manent’s term) role that Fumet played to an intellectual generation marked by Jacques Maritain. Initially this generation’s servant, Fumet gradually became one of its last representatives, taking on a "spiritual magisterium in the temporal" (Jean-Marie Lustiger).

L’historien de la philosophie Frédéric Worms distingue plusieurs « moments » dans la philosophie en France au XXe siècle. Le « moment de l’existence » en fait partie. Nous l’approfondissons en retraçant le débat philosophique entre Jacques Maritain et Jean-Paul Sartre au sujet de la nature humaine. Les deux philosophes sont les représentants majeurs de l’humanisme intégral et de l’existentialisme athée. Nos recherches élargissent ce débat en fournissant le contexte philosophique plus large avec la prise en compte du règne de la technique, de l’essor de la phénoménologie et de la menace totalitaire. Au fond du « moment de l’existence » nous retrouvons une interrogation existentielle sur la nature humaine face à sa relativisation technique, philosophique et politique. Nous plaçons la philosophie de Jacques Maritain au centre de nos recherches. Pour nous, on ne saurait pas approfondir le « moment de l’existence » sans l’examen de la contribution philosophique majeure de ce penseur chrétien. Ainsi, nos recherches remplissent un vide dans l’histoire de la philosophie du XXe siècle. / The French historian of philosophy Frédéric Worms distinguishes several “moments” in the French philosophy of the 20th century. The “moment de l’existence” is one of them. We try to give a deeper account of this moment through the representation of the philosophical debate between Jacques Maritain and Jean-Paul Sartre about human nature. The two philosophers are the major exponents of integral humanism and atheistic existentialism. Our research widens the debate introducing further elements of the philosophical context like the appreciation of the reign of the technology, the ascent of phenomenology and the totalitarian threat. At the deepest of the “moment de l’existence” we find an existential quest for human nature in spite of its technological, philosophical and political relativisation. We place the philosophy of Jacques Maritain in the centre of our research. In our opinion it seems quite impossible to gain a deeper understanding of the “moment de l’existence” without a look at the major philosophical contribution of this Christian thinker. Thus, our research fills a gap in the history of 20th century philosophy.

Chapter one: A perennial (if controversial) concern in both theology and philosophy of religion is whether religious belief is ‘reasonable’. Austin Farrer (1904-1968) is widely thought to affirm a positive answer to this concern. Chapter One surveys three interpretations of Farrer on ‘the believer’s reasons’ and thus sets the stage for our investigation into the development of his religious epistemology. Chapter two: The disputed question of whether Farrer became ‘a sort of fideist’ is complicated by the many definitions of fideism. Chapter two thus sorts through these issues so that when ‘fideism’ appears in subsequent chapters a precise range of meanings can be given to it, and the ‘sort of fideist’ Farrer may have become can be determined more accurately. Chapter three: Although Farrer’s constant goal was to develop ‘a viable and sophisticated natural theology,’ an early moment of philosophical illumination involved recognising the limits of reason. Chapter three begins with a sketch of Farrer’s life, looks at his undergraduate correspondence where some ‘fideistic’ themes are first articulated, and then focuses on his classic text of ‘rational theology,’ *Finite and Infinite* (1943). Chapter four: In subsequent years, Farrer became increasingly open to placing a greater emphasis on faith. And yet, he continued to press the question: ‘Can reasonable minds still think theologically?’ Chapter four argues that, stimulated by Diogenes Allen’s doctoral dissertation and citing it explicitly, Farrer’s *Faith and Speculation* (1967) attempts to blend Allen’s more fideistic position with a continuing concern for legitimate philosophical critique. Chapter five: The fifth chapter evaluates the significance of Farrer’s final position in the context of contemporary religious epistemology and the current wide-spread interest in spirituality. In conclusion, Farrer finally seems to locate theistic evidence not primarily in nature or reason, but in holy lives and our own attempts to live by faith: ‘It is solved by sacrifice’.

This thesis submits Luigi Giussani’s theological writings to philosophical analysis. Giussani (born in Desio, 1922; died in Milan, 2005) was a prominent Italian author, public intellectual, university lecturer, and founder of the international Catholic lay movement Communion and Liberation (CL). My enquiry is motivated by the experience of readers who find Giussani’s texts marked by vagueness and seeming inconsistencies despite his attempt to respond decisively and sensitively to real human problems. It also presents ideas from those works available only in Italian to an English-language readership for the first time. Rather than criticize the author’s style of exposition, or restate his arguments in a manner more suited to my audience, I treat the texts’ burdens as symptomatic of the author’s deeper, unarticulated concerns. I reconstruct Giussani’s implicit concerns using history, intellectual biography, sources, and the logic of enquiry itself. I then re-read his texts in the light of the explicit rendering of those concerns and, where the texts’ burdens still persist, I suggest repairs corresponding to those concerns and to the errant behaviours his writings were generated to correct. Three themes are examined: judgement, freedom, and beauty. These were prominent in Giussani’s dialogue with students from the 1950s onward and integral to his idea of the religious education of youth. My analysis is conceived as a contribution to philosophical theology, rather than to the philosophy of education. The areas flagged for repair, however, may nonetheless serve educators. I conclude that Giussani’s account is indeed shaped by his implicit concerns; that their nature provokes the essentialist arguments he mounts; and that his attempt to expound intrinsic, universal, and timeless claims runs against the pragmatic thrust of his writing. My repairs call for a better account of 1) practical deliberation, 2) discursive reason, 3) obedience in relation to autonomy, and 4) habits related to the formation of virtues. I argue that the practical grounds of his project are best anchored in robust solutions to the problems of ordinary life formulated from the deepest sources of repair from Giussani’s tradition (sacred scripture and sacred tradition, including the liturgy) rather than what he calls the “needs and exigencies of the heart,” which address a different problem (namely Enlightenment rationality or Neo-Thomism).

Submitted by SBI Biblioteca Digital (sbi.bibliotecadigital@puc-campinas.edu.br) on 2018-04-12T17:50:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 BRUNO VIEIRA DINIZ.pdf: 2490348 bytes, checksum: b26b41d5296d2042dfc74dfa81a6d99c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-12T17:50:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 BRUNO VIEIRA DINIZ.pdf: 2490348 bytes, checksum: b26b41d5296d2042dfc74dfa81a6d99c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-19 / This dissertation has as the main goal the identification of principles of a possible psychotherapy in the light of the tomasian psychology. To reach this objective, we initially discussed the importance of the theme, namely, the importance of Thomism and of a possible psychotherapy in the light of Saint Thomas Aquinas in the present days. In this regard, we believe, among other things, that Thomism has the ability to bring us closer to the truth about human nature in its fullest completeness. Next, we discussed and established some important theoretical assumptions for this work, which are the definitions of Tomasian psychology and Thomistic psychotherapy. We defined that Tomasian psychology is the theological treaty of Thomas Aquinas on the human soul, its essence, powers and acts; and that Thomistic psychotherapy would be a possible application of this psychology: a science and a prudential art whose objectives would be, through interpersonal help, to alleviate suffering and to seek the perfection of the human soul. Then, in order to identify in the psychology developed by Saint Thomas possible principles for a psychotherapy, we undertook a long study in which we tried to synthesize, systematize and analyze the entire content of Tomasian psychology, having as reference the Summa Theologica. Thus, we studied the human soul, its powers and acts, with emphasis on the following themes: the voluntary act and its principles, the ultimate end of man (and the happiness), the passions of the soul, and human virtues and vices. Finally, in the last chapter of this work, we presented, briefly, by way of conclusion, possible principles of a Thomistic psychotherapy, which were identified and inferred from the previous study. We believe that such principles can shed important light on the nature of the therapeutic relationship and on the means of pursuing the main psychotherapeutic goals, as previously presupposed, that are: the alleviation of emotional suffering and the pursuit of human happiness. / Esta disserta??o tem como objetivo principal a identifica??o de princ?pios de uma poss?vel psicoterapia ? luz da psicologia tomasiana. Para atingir esse objetivo, inicialmente, discutimos a import?ncia do tema, ou seja, a import?ncia do tomismo e de uma poss?vel psicoterapia ? luz de Santo Tom?s de Aquino nos dias atuais. Quanto a isso, acreditamos, dentre outras coisas, que o tomismo tem a capacidade de nos aproximar da verdade a respeito da natureza humana em sua maior integralidade. Em seguida, discutimos e estabelecemos alguns importantes pressupostos te?ricos para este trabalho, que s?o as defini??es de psicologia tomasiana e de psicoterapia tomista. Definimos que a psicologia tomasiana ? o tratado teol?gico de Tom?s de Aquino acerca da alma humana, sua ess?ncia, pot?ncias e atos; e que a psicoterapia tomista seria uma poss?vel aplica??o dessa psicologia: uma ci?ncia e uma arte prudencial cujos objetivos seriam, por meio da ajuda interpessoal, o al?vio do sofrimento e a busca da perfei??o da alma humana. Em seguida, com o intuito de identificar na psicologia desenvolvida por Santo Tom?s poss?veis princ?pios para uma psicoterapia, empreendemos um longo estudo em que procuramos sintetizar, sistematizar e analisar o conte?do de toda psicologia tomasiana, tendo como refer?ncia a Suma Teol?gica. Estudamos assim a alma humana, suas pot?ncias e atos, com destaque para os seguintes temas: o ato volunt?rio e seus princ?pios, o fim ?ltimo do homem (e a felicidade), as paix?es da alma, as virtudes e os v?cios humanos. Por fim, no ?ltimo cap?tulo deste trabalho, apresentamos ent?o, sinteticamente, a t?tulo de conclus?o, poss?veis princ?pios de uma psicoterapia tomista, identificados e inferidos a partir do estudo anterior. Acreditamos que tais princ?pios podem nos lan?ar importantes luzes sobre a natureza da rela??o terap?utica e sobre os meios de persecu??o dos principais objetivos psicoterap?uticos, como pressupostos anteriormente, que s?o o al?vio do sofrimento emocional e a busca da felicidade humana.

The work is focused on a life and work of archbishop Fulton J. Sheen and it is divided into three parts. The first part is concerned in bishop's life events and partly in bishop's charakter description. It is completed with american bishop's canonization process report. Second part is decribing literary legacy of bishop Sheen, trying to grasp main emphases in his work, referring on topical komplexity of Sheen's books, depicting author's apologetic writing style. The topic is accomplished with Appendix I. to submit complete Sheen's biography list. The third part is more profound insight into Sheen's christocentric theology which is particularly concerned in Cross, and it also includes further theological insights, biblical quotations and reflexions by several significant theologians. In fact, this part is theological interpretation of Sheen's book Life of Christ.

The theme of this thesis are The Czech philosophical magazines issued in the first half of the twentieth century. The first part of my work describes particular personalities, trends and problems of the Czech philosophy in the first half of 20th century. The second part of my work is devoted to characteristic of the magazines of Česká mysl (Czech Mind), Ruch filosofický (Philosophical Stir) and Filosofická revue (Philosophical Revue). The development of the Czech positivist philosophy and idealism is assessed in the way as it was formed on pages of philosophical magazines in the first half of 20th century. The aim of this work is to sum up the participation of philosophical magazines in formation of the Czech philosophy in the first half of the 20th century.

Après les travaux de F. Del Punta, S. Donati et C. Trifogli, sur les commentaires inédits de la Physique au XIIIe siècle, cette étude propose une réévaluation du commentaire thomasien. En resituant celui-ci dans la tradition exégétique dominée par le Grand commentaire d’Averroès et la paraphrase de Maître Albert, l’intention plutôt énigmatique de Thomas prend un caractère moins théo-centré et, en un sens, plus physique, mais aussi plus paradoxal. / Following the works by F. Del Punta, S. Donati and C. Trifogli on the unpublished comments of Physics in the thirteenth century, this study puts forward a revaluation of Aquinas’s comment. By placing it in the exegetic tradition dominated by Averroes’s great comment and Albert’s paraphrase, Thomas’s rather puzzling intention becomes less theo-centred, and in a way, more physical, but also more paradoxical.

Metoděj Habáň (1899-1984): A Probe into the History of Czech Neothomism Abstract The thesis is focused on the depiction of the life and work of Metoděj Habáň (1899-1984), Czech Dominican priest and philosopher. It follows two main goals: First, it strives to present accurate reconstruction of Habáň's life and his involvement in the Czech Church and society. Secondly, it presents Metoděj Habáň's thinking as a specific type of Thomism and analyse his work in the context of the paradigmatic changes, which the Church and society went throught in the 20th century. The thesis is therefore divided into two main parts - first is focused on Habáň's life, second on his work. In the first chapter it present main sources of inspiration for his work and thinking. In the following chapters it describes his life journey, beginning with his studies and spiritual formation within the Dominican order. It continues with his role in the inner life of the order in the position of Novice Master and Prior Provincial (1938-1942). Attention is also paid to his involvement in the public life of the interwar society. In the period after the second world war we follow Metoděj Habáň to Litoměřice, a town in northwest Bohemia and we describe his imprisonment in the 1950s and subsequently his involvement in public life in the 1960s. His...

Cette thèse porte sur la pertinence du concept historiographique d’ « antithomisme » appliqué à l’histoire intellectuelle de la fin du XIIIe siècle et du début du XIV. Elle se compose d’une première partie sur le contexte historique de la période 1274-1323 et sur l’émergence de débats dans de nombreux centres intellectuels consacrés à l’héritage de la doctrine de Thomas d'Aquin. Elle s’attache pour cela à mettre en avant les différentes discussions qui apparaissent lors de la première réception des œuvres de Thomas d'Aquin : censures, polémiques entre dominicains et franciscains, apparition de législation sur la lecture des ses œuvres, etc. Le travail se poursuit, dans une seconde partie, avec l’étude plus approfondie de deux auteurs de la fin du XIIIe siècle ayant été qualifiés d’ « antithomistes » par l’historiographie contemporaine : Roger Marston, OFM, et Dietrich de Freiberg, OP. Leur rejet de la noétique thomasienne est ici étudié dans son aspect doctrinal et textuel. / The purpose of this PhD is to examine the accuracy of the concept of « antithomism » when applied to late XIIIth and early XIV th intellectual history. I firstly adress the historical context, from 1274 to 1324, and the arguments involving the theaching of Aquinas in various intellectual domains. In doing so I underline the various debates that occur about how to understand Aquinas(work looking specifically at censorship, the controversies between Franciscans and Dominicans and first rules about the various readings of Aquinas’works. The second part goes into further depth about the work of two scholars of the late XIIIthe century, who have been frequently labelled « antithomists » in today’s historiography : Roger Marston, OFM, and Dietrich of Freiberg, OP. I intend to examine how they refuse Thomas’noetic, from both a doctrinal and textual point of view.