Polymer pipes, typically high density polyethylene (HDPE), can be pulled-into-place, avoiding traditional cut-and-cover construction, using pipe bursting and horizontal directional drilling (HDD) pipe installation techniques. Of particular interest, are the ground displacements, induced by cavity expansion, associated with these techniques and the strains that develop in existing pipes in response to these displacements. Further, the axial stress-strain response of the new HDPE pipe during and after the cyclic pulling force history required to pull the pipe into place is of interest. Surface displacements and strains in an adjacent polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe induced by static pipe bursting were measured during the replacement of a new unreinforced concrete pipe. For the pipe bursting geometry tested, the maximum vertical surface displacement measured at the ground surface was 6 mm, while the distribution of vertical surface displacements extended no more than 2 m on either side of the centreline. The maximum longitudinal strain measured in the PVC pipe was less than 0.1% and its vertical diameter decreased by only 0.5%, suggesting that pipe bursting did not jeopardize the long-term performance of the water pipe tested. In addition, results from identical stress relaxation and creep tests performed on whole pipe samples and coupons trimmed from a pipe wall were compared, and these demonstrated that the coupons exhibited higher modulus than the pipe samples. Therefore, isolated pipe samples, as opposed to coupons, were tested to quantify the stress-strain response of HDPE pipe during the simulated installation, strain recovery, and axial restraint stages of HDD. Axial strains were found to progressively accumulate when an HDPE pipe sample was subjected to the cyclic stress history used to simulate an HDD installation. It was shown that existing linear and nonlinear viscoelastic models can serve as predictive design tools for estimating the cyclic strain history of HDPE pipe during installation. For the specific conditions examined, the tensile axial stresses redeveloped in the pipe samples, once restrained, were not large enough to lead to long-term stress conditions conducive to slow crack growth even when the short-term performance limits were exceeded by a factor of 1.5. / Thesis (Ph.D, Civil Engineering) -- Queen's University, 2009-04-01 18:19:24.434

The aim of this diploma thesis is a rehabilitation study of the sewer network on Vídeňská street in the city of Brno. The first part of the thesis includes an accompanying review including basic data about the sewage gutter, including the characteristics of the affected area with a detailed description of the geological and hydrogeological rates. This is followed by a technical review, which consists of hydrotechnical calculations and overal summary of the construction-technical condition. The subject of the following part is a proposal and description of several varying solutions for the rehabilitation, including, particularly, trenchless technologies. Further on, all of the proposed variants are evaluated based on technical, economical and environmental impact. Finally, all the observations are summarized and a final recommendation for the way of solving the rehabilitation is carried out.

The master thesis deals with the reconstruction of the sewerage in Brno-city, between the streets Roosveltova and Solniční. Due to the location of sewer in build-up area, the reconstruction will be performed by tunnelling technology – shield excavation. The thesis is mainly dedicate with design and structual design of sewer lining. The mathematical model is created in software Plaxis 8.2 2D.

Разработана экономическая модель формирования инвестиций в попериодный горизонт до 15,30,50 лет и требуемой ставке дохода с применением функции «формирования фонда возмещения» определены равномерные периодические платежи, необходимые для получения итогового объема инвестиций в будущем. / An economic model has been developed for the formation of investments in a period horizon of up to 15,30,50 years and the required rate of return using the function of "formation of the compensation fund" determined uniform periodic payments necessary to obtain the final volume of investments in the future.

Hållbarhets- och klimatfokus driver aktörer inom bygg- och anläggningsbranschen att utveckla nya arbetssätt och verktyg för att minimera klimatpåverkan från den egna verksamheten. Livscykelanalyser, LCA, som ett miljöledningsverktyg för att analysera och minska klimatpåverkan från processer kräver stora resurser för att applicera LCAmetodik på hela entreprenadprojekt. Ett flertal nischade beräkningsverktyg har därför utvecklats av intressenter inom ledningsrenovering. Som ledningsnätsägare har Norrvatten höga krav på kvalitet vid nyläggning och renovering av huvudvattenledningar. Men även ett miljöfokus och engagemang för nya tekniker som mynnat ut i användandet av nya schaktfria metoder för renoveringsprojekt, ibland i grunden av praktiska skäl men där en betydande minskning av klimatpåverkan kan anses uppstå till följd. Genom större insyn i klimatpåverkan från entreprenadprojekt skapas underlag för framtida beslutsfattande, arbetsprocesser och fortsatta studier. Syftet med studien var att se över tillgängliga beräkningsverktyg och deras användbarhet och användarvänlighet. Vidare att analysera aktuella vattenledningsentreprenadprojekt utförda i öppen schakt samt schaktfri metod för att se om dessa val kan påverka hur entreprenader kan utföras mer hållbart, ur ett klimatmässigt och ekonomiskt perspektiv. Under studien uppstod problem vid resursinventering för entreprenaderna, där faktiska mängder från entreprenörer ej kunde erhållas. Endast övergripande kartläggning och analys utfördes därför av entreprenaderna, i kombination med ett antal beräkningsverktyg tillgängliga på marknaden. Studien visar att många nischade beräkningsverktyg baserade på LCA-metodik saknar anpassning för analys av ledningsentreprenader med större rördimensioner, vanligt förekommande inom Norrvattens ledningsnät. Beräkningsverktyg saknar även den transparens och därmed jämförbarhet som renodlade LCA-verktyg. Resultatet visade dock att, även trots antagen och uppskattad analys av ingående parametrar för projekten, skapades en ganska likartad bild av den procentuella sänkningen av kg CO2-ekvivalenter mellan de olika teknikerna. Den beräknade klimatpåverkan var omkring 80% lägre per meter ledning för påverkanskategori GWP, liknande det resultat som kunde erhållas från nischade beräkningsverktyg. Med hänsyn tagen till att den schaktfria metoden infodring är relativt ny för dricksvattenledningar samt har en halverad teoretisk materiallivslängd kan en teoretisk brytpunkt beräknas till 231,8 år eller drygt fyra schaktfria renoveringar innan klimatpåverkan uppgår till motsvarande renovering i traditionell öppen schakt. Fortsatta studier kan med fördel mer ingående fokusera på resursinventering av entreprenader och fördjupning inom transparenta LCA-verktyg likt miljöberäkningsverktyget, BM 1.0. Alternativt bygga vidare på rapportens analys och beräkningsdel för framtagning av ett nischat beräkningsverktyg. / Sustainability and environmental focus drives actors in the construction industry into developing new working methods and tools to minimize the climate impact from their own activities. Life cycle assessment, LCA, as an environmental management tool for analyzing and reducing the climate impact of processes require considerable resources to apply the methodology to entire construction projects. A number of niche calculation tools have therefore been developed by actors working with trenchless technologies. As a grid owner, Norrvatten has high demands on quality when installing and renovating main water pipes. But also, an environmental focus and commitment to new technologies that have resulted in the use of new shaft-free methods for renovation projects, sometimes for practical reasons but where a significant reduction in climate impact can result. Greater transparency in the climate impact from contracting projects creates the basis for future decision-making, work processes and further studies. The purpose of the study was to review available calculation tools and their usefulness and ease of use. Furthermore, to analyze current projects carried out in open shafts and shaft-free method to see if these choices can affect how contracts can be carried out more sustainably, from a climate and economic perspective. During the study there were problems with gathering information about used resource from the contractors, therefore actual quantities from contractors could not be obtained. Only overall mapping and analysis was carried out, in combination with a number of calculation tools available on the market. The study shows that many niche calculation tools based on LCA methodology lack adaptation for analysis of management contracts with larger pipe dimensions, commonly found in Norrvatten's pipeline network. Calculation tools also lack the transparency and thus comparability as general LCA tools. The result also showed that despite rough assumptions and analysis using several different calculation tools, with different input parameters, a fairly similar picture was created of the percentage reduction in kg CO2 equivalents between the different technologies. The calculated result in climate impact category GPW was about 80% lower per meter pipeline. A similar result that could be obtained from niche calculation tools. Given that the NoDig-method with liner for potable water pipes is fairly new on the market and has a halved theoretical material-lifespan, a theoretical break-even can be estimated to 231,8 years or just over four life cycles of rehabilitation of pipes with the use of this NoDig-technology, before reaching the climate impact corresponding to traditional open shafts. Continued studies can advantageously focus more on resource inventory of contracts and in-depth in transparent LCA-tools like the environmental calculation tool, BM 1.0. Or deeper analysis and further development on a niche calculation tool.

Pipe jacking, has seen a rise in popularity, particularly in urban areas where infrastructure does not permit cut-and-cover methods. As pipe jacking has becomes more commonplace, engineers are pushing the limits of the technology more and more by designing longer drives in more difficult ground conditions. Lubrication is essential to reduce the frictional resistance generated at the pipe-soil interface. Even though lubrication is widely utilized, there is not a clear understanding of the conditions required to obtain the full benefit of lubrication. This dissertation focuses on bentonite slurry characteristics and interface behavior under different lubricating conditions with the goal to further the understanding of the mechanisms responsible for the large friction reductions observed in the field. An interface shear device capable of measuring interface behavior on pipe surfaces was used to perform tests under two lubricating conditions. Pipes were sheared against a mixture of sand and slurry and the effect of the slurry was quantified. In another series of tests, slurry was injected at the pipe-soil interface. An axisymmetric interface shear device was developed to further investigate the lubrication mechanism associated with injection of slurry into sand. The device was designed to inject slurry through injection ports built into a shaft displaced within a sealed sand-filled chamber. A series of tests were performed on dry sand as well as sand where water or slurry was injected during shearing. The effect of sand type and viscosity are also investigated. Findings from the experimental studies are related back to full-scale behavior with the objective of assessing the lubrication methods and their effectiveness. A rational procedure for predicting non-lubricated and lubricated jacking forces is proposed to optimize design and serve as a framework for evaluating jacking forces in the field.

The topic of this thesis is to create a study of the rehabilitation of the sewer network. The sewer system under assessment is located in city Znojmo, specifically Znojmo – city. In this case, rehabilitation is proposed in order to improve the functional operational properties of the sewer network and extend its service life. The work was divided into two basic parts, namely the Accompanying and Summary Technical Report. Three variants of solution were proposed. The first two variants are made as trenchless using a sanitation sleeve in the first one and a short sanitation sleeve in combination with a sanitation sleeve in the second. The third variant is made as an open excavation recovery. A description of the rehabilitation technology was carried out and the facts that each individual Option or what the three Option would bring up were defined. These three variants of the solution are assessed in terms of economic, technical and environmental impact.

During the construction of water pipeline Strelice is necessary to overcome the D1 motorway. This thesis deals with design of the motorway crossing using trenchless technologies. Combination of pipejacking and shield tunneling is chosen. Static calculation includes determination of the jacking force, proposal of the thrust block and assessment of the reinforced concrete jacking pipes.

The assignment given to us by NCC was to compose a degree project based on ground excavations for power cables. The aim of the study was to examine suitable excavation methods depending on different possible terrain conditions. The amount of previously written material within this subject is nearly non- existent and therefore there is a genuine interest by the NCC to receive a compilation of different production methods. The greater part of this study is based upon interviews with several companies active within this area of expertise. The technique of placing the electricity grid beneath ground for safety is today getting more and more common. The aftermath of the hurricane “Gudrun” has forced several power companies to re-evaluate their electric supply network, which has lead to more placements of power cables underground. We have come to the conclusion that there are several factors that would affect the method of choice for cable excavations. Costumer demands, obstacles and the difference in ground conditions are vital factors behind the verdict for suitable production methods.

<p>The assignment given to us by NCC was to compose a degree project based on ground excavations for power cables. The aim of the study was to examine suitable excavation methods depending on different possible terrain conditions. The amount of previously written material within this subject is nearly non- existent and therefore there is a genuine interest by the NCC to receive a compilation of different production methods. The greater part of this study is based upon interviews with several companies active within this area of expertise. The technique of placing the electricity grid beneath ground for safety is today getting more and more common. The aftermath of the hurricane “Gudrun” has forced several power companies to re-evaluate their electric supply network, which has lead to more placements of power cables underground.</p><p>We have come to the conclusion that there are several factors that would affect the method of choice for cable excavations. Costumer demands, obstacles and the difference in ground conditions are vital factors behind the verdict for suitable production methods.</p>