O Gerenciamento Ágil de Projetos é uma abordagem útil para projetos com alto grau de complexidade e incerteza. Duas de suas características são: o envolvimento do consumidor nas tomadas de decisão sobre o projeto do produto; e, o uso de uma visão do produto, artefato que representa e comunica as características prioritárias e fundamentais do produto a ser desenvolvido. Há métodos para apoiar a criação da visão do produto, mas eles apresentam deficiências em operacionalizar o envolvimento do consumidor final. Por outro lado, existe a Engenharia Kansei, uma metodologia que permite capturar as necessidades de um grande número de consumidores e relacioná-las a características do produto. Este trabalho apresenta um estudo aprofundado da metodologia da Engenharia Kansei e analisa como essa pode ser útil para apoiar a descrição da visão do produto, no contexto do Gerenciamento Ágil de Projetos de produtos manufaturados. Em seguida, para verificar essa proposição, apresenta o desenvolvimento de um Sistema de Engenharia Kansei baseado na Teoria de Quantificação Tipo I, Aritmética Fuzzy, e Algoritmos Genéticos, testado para o projeto de uma caneta voltada a alunos de pós-graduação. Para execução do projeto foi utilizado um conjunto de métodos e procedimentos, tais como: revisão bibliográfica sistemática; desenvolvimento matemático; desenvolvimento computacional; e, estudo de caso. Analisa-se o Sistema de Engenharia Kansei proposto, e os resultados no caso aplicado, para averiguar seu potencial. Indica evidencias que o Sistema de Engenharia Kansei é capaz de gerar requisitos sobre configurações de produtos segundo a perspectiva do consumidor potencial, e que essas configurações são úteis para a formulação da visão do produto e na evolução desta visão no decorrer do projeto de produto. / The Agile Project Management is a useful approach for projects with high degree of complexity and uncertainty. Two of its singularities are: costumer involvement in decision making about the product design; and the use of a product vision, an artifact that represents and communicates the fundamental and high-priority features of the product to be developed. There are methods to support the creation of the product vision, but they have shortcomings in operationalizing the costumer involvement. On the other hand, there is the Kansei Engineering, a methodology to capture the needs of a large number of consumers and correlate them to product features. This paper presents a detailed study of the Kansei Engineering methodology and analyzes how this can be useful to support the description of the product vision, in the context of Agile Project Management of manufactured products. Then, to verify this proposition, it presents the development of a Kansei Engineering System based on Quantification Theory Type I, Fuzzy Arithmetic and Genetic Algorithms, tested for the design of a pen aimed at graduate students. To implement the project we used a set of methods and procedures, such as systematic literature review, mathematical development, computational development, and case study. It analyzes the proposed Kansei Engineering System and the results in the case study applied, to ascertain their potential. Evidence indicates that Kansei Engineering System is capable of generating requirements on product configurations from the perspective of the potential consumer, and that these configurations are useful for the description of the product vision and for the progression of this vision during the project of the product.

Les dunes marines sont de grandes structures sédimentaires qui, ensemble, couvrent de larges zones appelées champs de dunes. Des dunes ont été découvertes dans tous les océans, de la côte jusqu'aux talus continentaux. Leur forme et mobilité sont des témoins du lien étroit qui existe entre le transport sédimentaire, l'hydrodynamique (courants marins) et la topographie du fond. L'étude des dunes est intéressante scientifiquement parlant, mais elle est également motivée par des enjeux économiques et environnementaux. Les dunes peuvent être étudiées de deux manières : La modélisation et l'analyse de données de terrain (granulométrie, courantométrie, données sismiques, données bathymétriques). Ces deux approches sont très différentes mais complémentaires. Avec l'amélioration des données Sondeur Multi-Faisceaux (SMF), il est maintenant possible de visualiser la morphologie des dunes et de suivre leur évolution de manière plus détaillée. Plusieurs méthodes automatiques d'analyse de la morphologie et de la dynamique des dunes ont été développées pour analyser les Modèles Numériques de Terrain (MNTs) construits à partir de ces données SMF. Pourtant, aucun ne permet d'estimer les valeurs de descripteurs morphologiques et dynamiques pour chaque dune. L'analyse et l'évaluation de ces descripteurs restent régionales avec le découpage des MNTs en régions rectangulaires. Seul un traitement manuel permet d'estimer ces descripteurs pour chaque dune. L'objectif de cette thèse est de développer des algorithmes automatiques permettant de quanti er la morphologie et la dynamique de chaque dune. Pour ce faire, une représentation des données SMF sous forme d'une tessellation triangulaire a été préférée au classique MNT régulier. Tout d'abord, les dunes doivent être extraites de la topographie du fond marin. Un algorithme par accroissement de régions avec adaptation de l'échelle d'analyse, issu de la géomorphométrie est proposé. Les crêtes de dunes sont d'abord extraites en combinant un algorithme de simplification de tessellations avec un algorithme d'extraction de lignes de crête. La résolution de la tessellation est adaptée par l'algorithme de simplification afin de faciliter l'extraction des lignes de crête. Les lignes de crête sont des objets bien définis en géométrie différentielle. Leur extraction s'appuie sur l'interprétation de cette définition appliquée à des modèles discrets du fond (tessellations). Les crêtes servent d'embryons à l'algorithme d'extraction des dunes. L'estimation des paramètres morphologiques des dunes (longueur, largeur, hauteur, etc.) découle de l'extraction automatique des dunes. L'utilisation d'une méthode de recalage non rigide (isométrique) pour la quantification de la dynamique est discutée. Des tessellations représentant la topographie d'un même champ de dunes à différents moments sont analysées par l'algorithme d'extraction des dunes. Ensuite, une dune est associée à une dune d'une autre tessellation qui lui correspond (même dune à un autre instant). La dynamique de chaque dune est quantifiée à partir des résultats de l'algorithme de recalage : les transformations permettant d'aligner différentes représentations d'une dune. / Marine dunes are large sedimentary mounds often organized in dunefields. Theyhave been discovered in oceans all around the globe, from continental rises to nearshore areas. These mobile seafloor structures reflect the unique and complex relationship between the sediment, the seafloor topography and the hydrodynamics (currents). Dunes are not only interesting at a scientific level. In fact, their study is also motivated by economic, safety and environmental reasons. The study of dunes can be divided into two complementary approaches: Modelling and analysis of in situ data (granulometry, current, bathymetric data).The increased quality of MultiBeam EchoSounder (MBES) data allows scientists to monitor and visualize the complexity of, both, dune morphology and dynamics. Au-tomatic methods to characterize dune morphology and dynamics using Digital TerrainModels (DTMs) have already been proposed. But, none does it at the dune scale. Mor-phological and dynamical descriptors are estimated for patches of the dunefield. Today, the evaluation of such descriptors for each dune can only be achieved manually.The objective of this thesis is to design automatic algorithms for the quantification of dune morphology and dynamics. A representation of MBES data as triangular meshes has been preferred to the usual gridded DTMs. The first stage consists of delineating dunes in the seafloor. A scale adaptative, region growing algorithm based on geomorphometry is proposed. The combination of mesh implification and crest extraction algorithms enables to accurately recover dune crest lines. The mesh simplification facilitates the crest extraction by adapting the mesh resolution. Crest extraction is based on the discrete interpretation of the definition of crest lines in differential geometry. The crests are, then, used as seed regions by the dune extraction algorithm.

Die Pseudomomente dienen als Charakteristikum der Annäherung der Komponenten einer Summenverteilungsfunktion gegen die Komponenten der Grenzverteilungsfunktion. In der Terminologie der Pseudomomente werden Abschätzungen der Annäherung der Summenverteilungsfunktion gegen eine unbegrenz teilbare Verteilungsfunktion angegeben. Dabei werden die Aussagen ohne die Voraussetzung der sogenannten Infinitesimalitätsbedingung hergeleitet. Es werden Abschätzungen angegeben sowohl unter der Voraussetzung endlicher Streuungen als auch ohne diese Voraussetzung. Abschließend werden einige Literaturhinweise angegeben. / The pseudo-moments serve as a characteristic of the approach of the components of a cumulative distribution function to the components of the limit distribution function. In the terminology of pseudo-moments estimates of the approximation of the cumulative distribution function by an indefinite divisible distribution function can be specified. The results are derived without the assumption of the so-called condition of infinitesimality. There are given some estimations with or without the assumption of finite variances. Finally some references are given.

In diesem Artikel werden notwendige und hinreichende Bedingungen für die Gültigkeit von Grenzwertsätzen für mittlere Abweichungen untersucht. In der Terminilogie von J.V.LINNIK (1971) werden die x-Bereiche für mittlere Abweichungen gewöhnlich als "sehr enge" Zonen der integralen normalen Anziehung bezeichnet. Darüber hinaus werden die Restglieder untersucht, die in den asymptotischen Beziehungen auftreten. Die Ordnung der Konvergenzgeschwindigkeit wird angegeben. Frühere Ergebnisse einiger Autoren werden verallgemeinert. Abschließend werden einige Literaturhinweise angegeben. / In this paper we study necessary and sufficient conditions for the validity of limit theorems on moderate deviations. Usually x-zones for moderate deviations are called in the terminilogy by YU.V.LINNIK (1971) "very narrow" zones of integral normal attraction. Moreover we analyse the remainder term appearing in the asymptotic relations. Informations on the order of the rate of convergence are given. Earlier results by several authors are generalized. Finally some references are given.

The aim of this work is to develop and validate a continuum model for the simulation of the thermomechanical response of a shape memory polymer (SMP). Rather than integral type viscoelastic model, the approach here is based on the idea of two inter-penetrating networks, one which is permanent and the other which is transient together with rate equations for the time evolution of the transient network. We find that the activation stress for network breakage and formation of the material controls the gross features of the response of the model, and exhibits a "thermal Bauschinger effect". The model developed here is similar to a thermoviscoelastic model, and is developed with an eye towards ease of numerical solutions to boundary value problems. The primary hypothesis of this model is that the hysteresis of temperature dependent activation-stress plays a lead role in controlling its main response features. Validation of this hypothesis is carried out for the uniaxial response from the experimental data available in the literature for two different SMP samples: shape memory polyurethane and Veriflex, to show the control of the evolution of the temperature sensitive activation stress on the response. We extend the validated 1D model to a three dimensional small strain continuum SMP model and carry out a systematic parameter optimization method for the identification of the activation stress coefficients, with different weights given to different features of the response to match the parameters with experimental data. A comprehensive parametric study is carried out, that varies each of the model material and loading parameters, and observes their effect on design-relevant response characteristics of the model undergoing a thermomechanical cycle. We develop "response charts" for the response characteristics: shape fixity, shape recovery and maximum stress rise during cooling, to give the designer an idea of how the simultaneous variation of two of the most influential material parameters changes a specific response parameter. To exemplify the efficacy of the model in practical applications, a thermoviscoelastic extension of a beam theory model will be developed. This SMP beam theory will account for activation stress governed inelastic response of a SMP beam. An example of a three point bend test is simulated using the beam theory model. The numerical solution is implemented by using an operator split technique that utilizes an elastic predictor and dissipative corrector. This algorithm is validated by using a three-point bending experiment for three different material cases: elastic, plastic and thermoplastic response. Time step convergence and mesh density convergence studies are carried out for the thermoviscoelastic FEM model. We implement and study this model for a SMP beam undergoing three-point bending strain recovery, stress recovery and cyclic thermomechanical loading. Finally we develop a thermodynamically consistent finite continuum model to simulate the thermomechanical response of SMPs. The SMP is modeled as an isotropic viscoplastic material where thermal changes govern the evolution of the activation stress of the material. The response of the SMP in a thermomechanical cycle is modeled as a combination of a rubbery and a glassy element in series. Using these assumptions, we propose a specific form for the Helmholtz potential and the rate of dissipation. We use the technique of upper triangular decomposition for developing the constitutive equations of the finite strain SMP model. The resulting model is implemented in an ODE solver in MATLAB, and solved for a simple shear problem. We study the response of the SMP model for shear deformation as well as cyclic shear deformation at different initial temperatures. Finally, we implement the thermomechanical cycle under shear deformations and study the behavior of the model.

When the finite element method is used to solve boundary value problems, the corresponding finite element mesh is appropriate if it is reflects the behavior of the true solution. A posteriori error estimators are suited to construct adequate meshes. They are useful to measure the quality of an approximate solution and to design adaptive solution algorithms. Singularly perturbed problems yield in general solutions with anisotropic features, e.g. strong boundary or interior layers. For such problems it is useful to use anisotropic meshes in order to reach maximal order of convergence. Moreover, the quality of the numerical solution rests on the robustness of the a posteriori error estimation with respect to both the anisotropy of the mesh and the perturbation parameters. There exist different possibilities to measure the a posteriori error in the energy norm for the singularly perturbed reaction-diffusion equation. One of them is the equilibrated residual method which is known to be robust as long as one solves auxiliary local Neumann problems exactly on each element. We provide a basis for an approximate solution of the aforementioned auxiliary problem and show that this approximation does not affect the quality of the error estimation. Another approach that we develope for the a posteriori error estimation is the hierarchical error estimator. The robustness proof for this estimator involves some stages including the strengthened Cauchy-Schwarz inequality and the error reduction property for the chosen space enrichment. In the rest of the work we deal with adaptive algorithms. We provide an overview of the existing methods for the isotropic meshes and then generalize the ideas for the anisotropic case. For the resulting algorithm the error reduction estimates are proven for the Poisson equation and for the singularly perturbed reaction-difussion equation. The convergence for the Poisson equation is also shown. Numerical experiments for the equilibrated residual method, for the hierarchical error estimator and for the adaptive algorithm confirm the theory. The adaptive algorithm shows its potential by creating the anisotropic mesh for the problem with the boundary layer starting with a very coarse isotropic mesh.

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Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-08-06T14:53:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ALEX RAMOS BORGES - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGMAT 2012..pdf: 550720 bytes, checksum: cd1d40089c6d522f3d44501f683dc900 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T14:53:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ALEX RAMOS BORGES - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGMAT 2012..pdf: 550720 bytes, checksum: cd1d40089c6d522f3d44501f683dc900 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12 / Neste trabalho serão estudadas as graduações e identidades polinomiais graduadas da álgebra Un(K) das matrizes triangulares superiores n×n sobre um corpo K, o qual será sempre in nito. Primeiramente, será estudado o caso n = 2, para o qual será mostrado que existe apenas uma graduação não trivial e serão descritos as identidades, as codimensões e os cocaracteres graduados. Para o caso n qualquer, serão estudadas as identidades e codimensões graduadas, considerando-se a Zn-graduação natural de Un(K). Finalmente, será apresentada uma classi cação das graduações de Un(K) por um grupo qualquer. / In this work we study the gradings and the graded polynomial identities of the upper n × n triangular matrices algebra Un(K) over a eld K, which is always in nity. The case n = 2 will be rstly studied, for which will be shown that there is only one nontrivial grading and we shall describe the graded identities, codimensions and cocharacters. For the general n case, we shall study graded identities and codimensions, considering the natural Zn-grading of Un(K). Finally, we will present a classi cation of the gradings of Un(K) by any group.

The aim of the diploma thesis is make a structural design of load carrying steel structure of terminal international airport Brno. The project is designed in two options. The height of the building in highest point is 15 m. The object has rectangular ground floor plan with proportions of 80 x 40 m. For selected option the check of joints and anchorage is performed as well as the design drawings. The object was designed according to currently valid standarts to the ultimate limit states and serviceability limit states.

This diploma thesis deals with an oriented graph processing applying a multi-agent system designated for traffic simulation. The thesis was written as a research study. Based on the study, a simulation environment was created able to respond to various stimuli. Meant as the agents, there are vehicles and their drivers that have various features, based on which they respond to the given stimuli. Communication is conducted via a so-called super-agent that monitors all action on the map and passes this information on particular agents. The agents are able to respond in advance to traffic jams (closures, accidents). In such situations, an algorithm designated for a new route finding is conducted. Besides the controlled ones, there can operate on the map also agents simulating common traffic.