Diss. Åbo : Åbo Akademi, 2005.

Det är svårt att veta hur man på snabbast möjliga sätt kan skapa 3D datorgrafik till film. Detta arbete handlar om processen (pipeline) för att skapa ett troll i 3D till filmat material med målet att arbeta så tidseffektivt som möjligt utan att försämra kvaliteten. Vi utformar en specifik pipeline med hjälp av kunskaper från nyckelpersoner i filmindustrin, egna erfarenheter samt en litteraturstudie. Kortfilmen består av ett 3D troll sammansatt till en minuts filmat material. Kortfilmen förklarar de olika stegen i arbetsprocessen; filmskapandet och vad man ska tänka på från idé till slutlig animerad produkt samt val av programvaror.

I denna studie studeras sex sagoböcker för barn ur ett genusperspektiv. Studien syftar till att undersöka och jämföra hur kön framställs och hur fördelningen mellan könen ser ut i sagoböcker ur serien Bland tomtar och troll. Böckerna är utgivna 1966, 1974, 1983, 1993, 2003 och 2012. För att besvara studiens frågeställningar har en kvantitativ innehållsanalys och kvalitativ textanalys genomförs. Vi har räknat förekomsten av båda könen och studerat vad könen framställs med för egenskaper. Resultatet av denna studie visar att det finns en förändring mellan fördelning och förekomst av könen från 1966 till 2012, då det 2012 till skillnad mot tidigare finns nästan lika många kvinnliga karaktärer som manliga. Flickor har fått en mer framträdande roll och framställs med egenskaper som tidigare varit förbehållna pojkar. Pojkar framställas fortfarande som äventyrliga och modiga. Även om det skett en förändring från 1966 är fortfarande manliga karaktärer i majoritet 2012 och traditionella könsroller är fortsatt framträdande.

Freiburg im Breisgau, Staatl. Hochsch. für Musik, wiss. Arbeit im Rahmen der künstlerischen Prüfung für das Lehramt, 2004.

Much like oft-repeated quotes or catchy movie soundtrack tunes, famous illustrations often outweigh and outlast their original contexts and establish themselves as iconic cultural reference points for generations to come. Over the last 100 years in Sweden, John Bauer’s fairy tale illustrations have maintained a strong grip on that nation’s popular imaginary through over thirty reprint editions, museum exhibits, stamp collections, and, of course, stylistic imitations. While their century-old narrative contexts remain relatively unknown and uninteresting to contemporary audiences, his beautifully blonde children, enchantingly ugly trolls, and stark, Swedish landscapes continue to be bought, sold, and validated as embodying a typically Swedish relationship to nature. Why John Bauer’s work has remained so influential over time while the publication they appeared in has faded is a question that many of his biographers have attempted to answer. Harald Schiller, the most thorough of these, claims that “when one sees [his] images in black and white or color, they capture one’s interest to such a degree that there is none left for the text” (152). This essay uses Schiller’s comment as a starting point to pose one answer to this question. By exploring the dynamic potential of the relationship between Bauer’s images and their early twentieth-century contexts, it locates the artist’s appeal over against his narrative guidelines and the historical movements of his time. To this end, its comparative analysis of the textual and visual narratives in the illustrated Swedish fairy tale annual, Bland tomtar och troll (Amongst Gnomes and Trolls) explores how the interplay between the historical pregnancy of its fairy tale stories and the Swedophilic affects of John Bauer’s illustrations contributes to the project of imagining and proliferating a new Swedish national identity at the beginning of the twentieth century. / text

I dagens samhälle ökar internetanvändningen ständigt och likaså gör näthatet. De som kränker andra personer över nätet anonymt kallas för troll och oftast får det ingen konsekvens. Polisen kan inget göra då det inte finns någon tydlig lagstiftning kring näthat och de som faller offer för näthatet får ta hand om det själva. Syftet med studien är således är att undersöka vad individer som upplevt sig blivit utsatta för någon typ av kränkning på nätet har tagit för lärdom från händelsen samt att undersöka om kränkningar på nätet har påverkat individens välmående. Undersökningen genomfördes med en semistrukturerad intervjuguide på sju informanter. Vi valde en semistrukturerad intervjuguide eftersom vi valde att utgå från den hermeneutiska metodansatsen som bygger på att få en förståelse för en upplevelse. Vi utgick från ett sociokulturellt perspektiv tillsammans med andra teorier som community of practice samt erfarenhetsbaserat lärande som fokuserar på hur en individ lär sig i olika kontexter. Då vi även ville se hur individens välmående påverkades valde vi även att utgå från begreppet KASAM och empowerment. I vårt resultat var de teman vi kunde se i samtliga transkriberingar och de vi tyckte var mest återkommande: Upplevelsen, strategier, och makt. Samtliga informanter upplevde sin situation som jobbig men många kände sig även stärkta av den och de använde sig av olika strategier för att hantera näthatet och lärde sig på så vis att hantera den. Våra informanter kände sig ofta maktlösa då varken polisen eller internetsidan kunde hjälpa dem, de fick då försöka ta tillbaka makten över situationen och blev således stärkta av den. Vår slutsats är att näthat är lika verklig och jobbig som den mobbning som sker i verkligenheten och det behövs en ordentlig lagstiftning kring vad som är tillåtet att säga på nätet. Samtidigt behöver interntsidor ta ansvar och arbeta på sina säkerhetsinställningar och skapa en trygghet åt användaren. / In today's community the ever-increasing use of the internet also causes cyber bullying, those who violate other people over the net anonymously is called trolls. The police can´t do anything when there´s no law around this type of cyber bullying and those who fall victim have to take care of the situation themselves. The purpose of this study is to examine individuals descibed experience about beeing victims of some type of abuse on the net and what they learned from the incident and to examine how violations of the web has affected the individual's well-being. The survey was conducted using a semi-structured interview guide in seven participants, we chose a semi-structured interview guide because we proceeded from the hermeneutic method approach based on gaining an understanding of an experience. We started from a sociocultural perspective with other theories like community of practice and experience-based learning that focuses on how an individual learns in different contexts. We also wanted to see how the individual's well-being was affected so we used the concept of SOC and empowerment. Our results were three themes we could see in all the transcripts: Experience, strategies, and power. All participants perceived their situation as difficult, but many also felt empowered by it, and they used various strategies to deal with the violations and they learned in such way to handle it. Our participants often felt powerless when neither the police or the internet page could help them, they had to try to take control over the situation and was because of that, strengthened by it. Our conclusion is that violations on the net is as real as bullying in real life. The need for a proper legislation about what´s allowed to say online is necessary and internet need to take responsibility and work on their security settings and create a sense of security for the user.

Within recent years, there has been a significant increase in popular commentary on internet trolls and what they mean for online interactions. Significant attention is often paid to framing trolls as individual, pathological, and atypical. While there is much one-sided dialogue occurring in the media, however, the literature on internet trolling remains scarce. This exploratory study contributes to the developing literature by addressing internet trolls directly. Drawing on interviews with a self-identified troll and content analysis, this thesis aims to understand how trolls operate, interact, and make meaning while highlighting the role of identity and emotions. This study finds that internet trolls are highly organized and social, in direct contradiction to the prevailing media narrative.

My thesis is titled Trolling and other unusual online behaviours. It focuses on deviant behaviours of internet users in Czech and foreign context. Trolling and hate became inseparable part of online environment, it is sort of a side product of the development of technology. The aim of this thesis is to reveal strategies hidden behind behaviour of users of the internet who intentionally disrupt the continuity of online environment (trolling etc.), also depicting the profile of this kind of internet user, characterizing him and describing his way of doings and his impact on other users. In the theoretical part I characterize fundamental terms which are related to the topic. These include terms like flame wars, hoax etc. In this part I also attempted to describe the troubled history of online deviant behaviour which dates back to the eighties. Historic analysis of huge amount of online articles was a big help in this task because the scientific literature related to the topic is not available. In the practical part I used quantitative and qualitative analysis. Using questionnaire survey in which 225 respondents took part I explored public attitude to deviant behaviour (trolling). By qualitative interviews with five trolls I investigated the motives of deviant users of internet, how they are influenced...

On November 9, 2016, Donald Trump was elected President of the United States. No aspect of the campaign was more remarkable than Trump’s rhetoric, which ranged from the candid and unexpected to the crude and incendiary. Now, two years later, his rhetoric—and the reasons for its widespread appeal—remain largely opaque, even under examination from proto-fascist or populist lenses. I seek for a partial account of Trump’s rhetoric using the concept of antinomic rhetoric coupled with the widespread popular perception of him as similar to an internet troll. In short, I believe it is his violation of the conventional standards (nomoi) of rhetoric—his “trolling”— that best explains his remarkable rhetoric. Antinomic rhetoric, as I characterize it here, aims at disruption instead of persuasion and employs deception and aggression instead of shared values and rational proofs. By examining a series of rhetorical exchanges between Trump and Senator Elizabeth Warren, I find evidence that his use of antinomic rhetoric derails conversations, dissolves the standards of rational civic discourse, and draws his opponents into unforced strategic errors. These effects contribute to a chaotic environment where more “ordinary” persuasion can take place on territory more favorable to Trump. I also draw broader inferences about Trump’s use of antinomic rhetoric in rhetorical exchanges other than the ones analyzed here and inquire into what further questions could be asked to deepen our understanding of Trump’s trollery and of antinomic rhetoric in general.

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