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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

台灣各縣市地方社會福利支出對人口遷移之影響

康琪珮 Unknown Date (has links)
本篇文章之研究目的,主要是探討台灣地區人口遷移受到各縣市的社會福利支出的影響究竟如何。本文將利用台灣23個縣市別的追蹤資料(panel data),涵蓋期間為1995年至2005年。採雙因子固定效果模型(two-way fixed-effect model)分析社會福利支出對於人口遷移,究竟存在著什麼樣的貢獻。於本研究中,將回顧現有文獻中,關於人口遷移之相關理論與實證文獻,且特別著重在以福利遷移(Welfare Migration)為研究主體之相關文獻。此外,本文也將清楚地介紹與說明,近幾年來台灣社會福利體制的發展,以及各縣市會福利支出水準與人口遷移間關係之現況。最後,為了進一步探討社會福利支出,對於男性與女性遷移者所產生之影響是否一致,本研究將建立三種實證模型。試圖更全面的探析台灣各縣市的社會福利支出,對於跨縣市的人口遷移之完整影響效果如何。本文主要的發現為,若某一地區每人可享之社會福利的程度高於鄰近的縣市,會吸引較多人口移入該地區。此外,女性移民較男性移民,受到社會福利支出之效果較為顯著。 / This study undertakes a study of cross-regional migration in Taiwan during the 1995 to 2005 period, particularly the effect of the social welfare system on migration decisions. The local places include the 23 cities and counties in Taiwan. Using data set from Taiwan-Fukien demographic fact book Republic of China and Expenditure conducted by Directorate-General of Budget. The hypothesis of this study is that movers would choose to the places with higher welfare to maximum their utilities. The empirical results from two-way fixed effect model support for the hypothesis that social welfare benefits influence migration decisions, especially for females.
2

台灣各縣市社會福利支出對其犯罪率之影響 / The impact of regional social welfare spending on crime rate in Taiwan

林倖妤, Lin, Xing Yu Unknown Date (has links)
區域間由於發展背景與功能取向不同,以致各地區社會福利支出比例有所差異,對治安與生活品質亦造成不同的影響。社會福利制度是促進整體社會平等、維持人民生存的重要體制;犯罪人口的多寡,則是影響國家成長與進步的重要社會問題之一。本研究主要目的為探討台灣地區社會福利支出對總犯罪率、各年齡層(少年、青年與成年)及失業者犯罪人口率之影響程度,並進一步分析不同社會福利補助支出對總體犯罪率及上述不同群體的個別影響方向。研究範圍為1999-2009年台灣地區23個縣市別的追蹤資料(panel data),利用雙因子固定效果模型(two-way fixed-effect model)同時分析各縣市之個別特質與時間趨勢效果,可對討論議題提供精確的估計結果。研究結果顯示,台灣各縣市社會福利支出與總體犯罪率間不存有顯著關係。進一步分析五種社會福利補助支出,發現家庭生活扶助對於改善整體及各年齡層的犯罪問題皆具有良好效果;其他如就學生活補助、醫療補助與急難救助對部分族群之犯罪問題亦有正面幫助。唯失業給付對犯罪問題並無正面影響。因此建議可藉由調整社會福利支出的比例以降低犯罪問題的發生。 / As the mode of growth and orientation policy in various area are different, resulting in proportion of social welfare spending and influence on public security and quality of life are also different. This study aims to investigate the influence of social welfare spending as well as different social welfare assistance on the total crime rate and crime rate of population of specific age groups and unemployed in Taiwan. Using the cross-regional panel data of 23 counties during the period 1999-2009 in Taiwan. The empirical results from two-way fixed-effect model found that there is no significant relationship between social welfare spending and crime rate. However, analyzing the further five social welfare assistances with regard to improve crime problem has been proved, especially living support assistance. Therefore, this study suggests that the criminal coping strategy is proposed to adjust proportion social welfare spending to reduce criminal problems.

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