'Visual Elective Affinities: An Elliptical Study of the Works of Angela Carter and Marosa di Giorgio' examines the extent to which these two authors engage with visual representations, as well as how visuality affects and modulates the nature of their writing. In this respect, I am committed to re-thinking the notions of verbal and visual media and I draw on W.J.T. Mitchell’s theory of the imagetext as a conceptual tool from which to investigate the heterogeneity of representation. On the one hand, I trace similarities and contrasts between Carter’s and di Giorgio’s perspectives, offering new critical approaches to each other’s œuvres. For example, I suggest new routes of interpretation into Carter’s and di Giorgio’s texts, by opening the exploration of their work to the interplay not only with visuality but also with each other’s geo-cultural domains. On the other hand, this thesis draws on theories and discourses of comparative literature and, hence, it also problematises standards and consequences of comparisons between the arts and between cultures. There are three major visual elective affinities with which I develop an intertwined analysis of the authors’ texts. Firstly, Giuseppe Arcimboldo’s pictures are a shared reference in Carter’s and di Giorgio’s writings, and I analyse Arcimboldo’s “effect” on their works. A second visual affinity is created around visions and images of women. Carter’s “The Bloody Chamber” is put under consideration along with images by Félicien Rops, Jacques Louis David and Corinna Sargood, amongst others, whilst di Giorgio’s Camino de las pedrerías is examined in relation to surrealist works of art including: Max Ernst’s, Leonora Carrington’s and Leonor Fini’s. Finally, this thesis analyses the films The Company of Wolves (dir. Neil Jordan, 1984) and Lobo (dir. Eduardo Casanova, 1990) in relation to Carter’s and di Giorgio’s works. In doing so, I introduce alternative perspectives on these writers, examining the links between cinematography and fairy tales, and exploring the conflictive and hybrid nature of filmic representation.

Esta pesquisa analisa algumas das características temáticas e formais que compõem a obra do autor uruguaio Felisberto Hernández (1902-1964). Pelo fato de resistir a diferentes classificações genéricas, esta obra apresenta muitas divergências entre consagradas vozes críticas como: Echavarren (1981), Ángel Rama (1968, 1985), Jorge Bernardo Rivera (1996), José Pedro Díaz (1991, 2000), Davi Arrigucci Jr. (2006). A partir disso, este estudo pretende discutir os pontos que evidenciam sua excentricidade em seu contexto de produção (no que diz respeito à literatura uruguaia da primeira metade do século XX) e também analisar certos procedimentos narrativos que, em um permanente fluir de memórias, revelam um estilo bastante peculiar (raro) como se verifica na animização dos objetos, nos múltiplos processos de fragmentação (da consciência e do corpo) e na atmosfera onírica. / This research examines some of the thematic and formal aspects that constitute the work of Uruguayan writer Felisberto Hernández (1902-1964). For its resistance to any formal classification, this narrative world has challenged divergent and renowned critical voices such as Roberto Echavarren´s (1981), Ángel Rama´s (1968, 1985), Jorge Bernardo Rivera´s (1996), José Pedro Díaz´s (1991, 2000) and Davi Arrigucci Jr.´s (2006). From this point on, the present study aims to discuss some of the points that demonstrate its eccentricity inside its production context (that of the first half of 20th century Uruguayan Literature) and to analyze some of the narrative procedures which, in a permanent flow of memories, reveal a quirky (rare) style verified in the use of animated objects, multiple fragmentation processes (of consciousness and body) and its oneiric atmosphere.

O presente trabalho se centra em uma nova leitura da geração literária de 45, no Uruguai. São estudados, principalmente, dois aspectos: primeiro, a análise dos elementos constitutivos do novo imaginário que a geração de 45 imputou à sociedade e, segundo, a identificação dos mecanismos de poder que a geração utilizou para alcançar um lugar de destaque dentro da sociedade de sua época. A tese que se propõe, ao contrário do que tradicionalmente afirmam os críticos literários é a de que a geração de 45, ao invés de romper totalmente com o imaginário anterior da sociedade uruguaia, é portadora de elementos que se originam em imaginários anteriores, elementos presentes na cultura uruguaia desde os primórdios de sua constituição.Trabalha-se, principalmente, o espaço ficcional urbano que a geração descortina em diferentes textos, por considerá-lo privilegiado para a constituição do novo imaginário. A abordagem se centra tanto na ficção - especialmente de J.C. Onetti, C. Martínez Moreno e Mario Benedetti - quanto em ensaios - C. Real de Azúa, E. Rodríguez Monegal e A. Rama / This work centres on a new reading of Uruguay\'s literary Generation of 1945. Two aspects are given special attention: the analisis of elements constituting the new imaginary that this generation would impose on society 2) the identification of power- acquiring mechanisms wielded by this generation to gain a dominant position within society at the time.The thesis put forward - as opposed to what literary critics have traditionally asserted-- is that instead of completely moving away from Uruguayan society\'s prior imaginary, the Generation of 1945 retains elements proceeding from preliminary imaginaries, which have been dragged forward within Uruguayan culture since the beginnings of its constitution. We work mainly upon the urban fictional space opened up by this generation in different texts, as it is considered privileged for the constitution of the new imaginary. Our approach centres both on fiction - especially J.C. Onetti, C. Martínez Moreno and Mario Benedetti - and essays - C. Real de Azúa, E. Rodríguez Monegal and A. Rama

Quel est le processus de création d’un monde de fiction ? Telle est la question qui motive ce travail. Cette thèse s’interroge plus particulièrement sur quels sont les processus mis en place par l’écrivain uruguayen Juan Carlos Onetti (1909–1994) pour créer Santa María, sa ville de fiction. Souvent décrite comme un locus horrendus, Santa María est une ville qui ressemble à plusieurs villes référentielles du Río de la Plata. Elle a été créée à partir des souvenirs et idéalisations d’un auteur qui a connu l’exil et a recréé un univers fictionnel dans lequel il reflète de nombreux éléments constitutifs de cette région d’Amérique du Sud, tout en la dotant de traits fictionnels représentatifs de la poétique onettienne. Cet espace de fiction est devenu le théâtre de la plus grande partie des œuvres d’Onetti, et le lieu de résidence de presque tous ses personnages, qui tentent d’échapper sans succès de ce monde centripète. Pour explorer les arcanes de la création onettienne, ce travail s’attache à étudier la configuration de l’univers diégétique des dix-sept romans et nouvelles ayant pour cadre Santa María, ainsi que les trois récits dans lesquels apparaissent quelques personnages récurrents de la « saga ». Cette analyse permet de déchiffrer des pistes textuelles, parfois cachées, souvent trompeuses, dans le but de déceler les rouages de la création littéraire de Santa María. Cette thèse s’attarde également sur l’importance de l’intertextualité, une constante dans ce corpus, qui participe à la cohésion et à la cohérence de l’univers fictionnel de Santa María. Ainsi, Santa María se déploie comme un monde possible, si non désirable, pour les personnages acteurs de la « comédie humaine » de Juan Carlos Onetti / What is the process of creating a fictional world? This question motivates this work, in particular, what are the processes put in place by the Uruguayan writer Juan Carlos Onetti (1909-1994) to create Santa María, his own city of fiction. Often described as a locus horrendus, Santa María is a city that resembles several referential cities of the Rio de la Plata. It was created from the memories and idealisations of an author who experienced exile and recreated a fictional universe in which he reflects the many constituent elements of this region of South America, while endowing it with fictional traits which are representative of Onettian poetic. This space of fiction has become the theatre of most of Onetti's works, and the home of almost all his characters, who try to escape without success from this centripetal world. To explore the mysteries of Onettian creation, this work focuses on the configuration of the diegetic universe of the seventeen novels and short stories of Santa María, as well as the three narratives in which some recurring characters appear. This analysis makes it possible to decipher textual tracks, sometimes hidden, often misleading, in order to detect the inner workings of the literary creation of Santa María. This thesis also focuses on the importance of intertextuality, a constant in this corpus which participates in the cohesion and coherence of the fictional universe of Santa María. Thus, Santa Maria deploys as a possible world, if not desirable, for the characters actors of the "human comedy" of Juan Carlos Onetti.

O presente trabalho se centra em uma nova leitura da geração literária de 45, no Uruguai. São estudados, principalmente, dois aspectos: primeiro, a análise dos elementos constitutivos do novo imaginário que a geração de 45 imputou à sociedade e, segundo, a identificação dos mecanismos de poder que a geração utilizou para alcançar um lugar de destaque dentro da sociedade de sua época. A tese que se propõe, ao contrário do que tradicionalmente afirmam os críticos literários é a de que a geração de 45, ao invés de romper totalmente com o imaginário anterior da sociedade uruguaia, é portadora de elementos que se originam em imaginários anteriores, elementos presentes na cultura uruguaia desde os primórdios de sua constituição.Trabalha-se, principalmente, o espaço ficcional urbano que a geração descortina em diferentes textos, por considerá-lo privilegiado para a constituição do novo imaginário. A abordagem se centra tanto na ficção - especialmente de J.C. Onetti, C. Martínez Moreno e Mario Benedetti - quanto em ensaios - C. Real de Azúa, E. Rodríguez Monegal e A. Rama / This work centres on a new reading of Uruguay\'s literary Generation of 1945. Two aspects are given special attention: the analisis of elements constituting the new imaginary that this generation would impose on society 2) the identification of power- acquiring mechanisms wielded by this generation to gain a dominant position within society at the time.The thesis put forward - as opposed to what literary critics have traditionally asserted-- is that instead of completely moving away from Uruguayan society\'s prior imaginary, the Generation of 1945 retains elements proceeding from preliminary imaginaries, which have been dragged forward within Uruguayan culture since the beginnings of its constitution. We work mainly upon the urban fictional space opened up by this generation in different texts, as it is considered privileged for the constitution of the new imaginary. Our approach centres both on fiction - especially J.C. Onetti, C. Martínez Moreno and Mario Benedetti - and essays - C. Real de Azúa, E. Rodríguez Monegal and A. Rama

Esta pesquisa analisa algumas das características temáticas e formais que compõem a obra do autor uruguaio Felisberto Hernández (1902-1964). Pelo fato de resistir a diferentes classificações genéricas, esta obra apresenta muitas divergências entre consagradas vozes críticas como: Echavarren (1981), Ángel Rama (1968, 1985), Jorge Bernardo Rivera (1996), José Pedro Díaz (1991, 2000), Davi Arrigucci Jr. (2006). A partir disso, este estudo pretende discutir os pontos que evidenciam sua excentricidade em seu contexto de produção (no que diz respeito à literatura uruguaia da primeira metade do século XX) e também analisar certos procedimentos narrativos que, em um permanente fluir de memórias, revelam um estilo bastante peculiar (raro) como se verifica na animização dos objetos, nos múltiplos processos de fragmentação (da consciência e do corpo) e na atmosfera onírica. / This research examines some of the thematic and formal aspects that constitute the work of Uruguayan writer Felisberto Hernández (1902-1964). For its resistance to any formal classification, this narrative world has challenged divergent and renowned critical voices such as Roberto Echavarren´s (1981), Ángel Rama´s (1968, 1985), Jorge Bernardo Rivera´s (1996), José Pedro Díaz´s (1991, 2000) and Davi Arrigucci Jr.´s (2006). From this point on, the present study aims to discuss some of the points that demonstrate its eccentricity inside its production context (that of the first half of 20th century Uruguayan Literature) and to analyze some of the narrative procedures which, in a permanent flow of memories, reveal a quirky (rare) style verified in the use of animated objects, multiple fragmentation processes (of consciousness and body) and its oneiric atmosphere.

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