No description available.

This thesis has its starting point in the theory that the healthy human has a built-in resistance to killing. To get around this resistance requires psychological mechanisms that activate something that can be likened to a moral decoupling and enable the practice of violence. This study aims to contribute with an understanding of the effect of these psychological mechanisms and its significance to the Swedish armed forces by examining whether these are applied in the education system. The examination intends to answer whether the psychological mechanisms deindividualization and dehumanization are applied in the regulations and manuals linked to basic soldier education. The study shows that deindividualization and dehumanization can be identified in analyzed empiricism. However, these mechanisms are nothing that is lifted in a direct way in the empiricism, but something that has been identified by text analysis as latent messages.

<p>The study examines the massacre of the garrison of the castle of Kalmar in 1525 and its causes. The goal of the investigation has been on the one hand to elucidate the most probable sequence of events, and on the other to identify as many different plausible explanations to the massacre as possible. For this end, four contemporary sources have been examined and compared in their details. To enable a broad basis for interpretation, the author has consulted various works on the themes of warfare, soldiers and violence in the late middle ages and the sixteenth century. Apart from political aspects, the study highlights social and cultural conditions as important factors in explaining how the massacre could be carried out without provoking any single part of society. Among these are found the idea of the perceived natural ferocity of siege warfare, the exposed position of soldiers in general and the low status of lansquenets in particular, as well as the increasing general acceptance of executions and retributional violence.The paper finishes with a discussion on the importance of the event under investigation as part of a greater whole, and asks whether or not it is worthy of the sparsely used label of ”blood bath”. In relation to this, the author inquires for an expanded historical debate on the relationship between cultural and social values and conditions, and the use of violence in society.</p>

The study examines the massacre of the garrison of the castle of Kalmar in 1525 and its causes. The goal of the investigation has been on the one hand to elucidate the most probable sequence of events, and on the other to identify as many different plausible explanations to the massacre as possible. For this end, four contemporary sources have been examined and compared in their details. To enable a broad basis for interpretation, the author has consulted various works on the themes of warfare, soldiers and violence in the late middle ages and the sixteenth century. Apart from political aspects, the study highlights social and cultural conditions as important factors in explaining how the massacre could be carried out without provoking any single part of society. Among these are found the idea of the perceived natural ferocity of siege warfare, the exposed position of soldiers in general and the low status of lansquenets in particular, as well as the increasing general acceptance of executions and retributional violence.The paper finishes with a discussion on the importance of the event under investigation as part of a greater whole, and asks whether or not it is worthy of the sparsely used label of ”blood bath”. In relation to this, the author inquires for an expanded historical debate on the relationship between cultural and social values and conditions, and the use of violence in society.

Syftet är att genom en forskningsöversikt få svar på frågor avseende killars attityder till våld i ungas parrelationer samt vilka förklaringar som finns till varför killar utövar våld i sin parrelation. Studien syftar även till att få svar på frågor kring hur våldsutövning i ungas parrelationer kan förebyggas. I den integrativa forskningsöversikten har totalt 18 artiklar används. Resultaten har analyserats med hjälp av tematisk analys, socialisationsteori och det teoretiska begreppet könsnormer. Resultaten visar att killars attityder- och våldsutövning, kan ha sin grund i hur de socialiseras utifrån primär -och sekundär socialisation samt hur de påverkas av samhällets könsnormer. Resultaten visar att killars attityder till våld i ungas parrelationer är accepterande, där deras accepterande attityder till våld samt våldsutövning i sin relation kan påverkas av faktorer på individ-, grupp- och samhällsnivå, där barndom, kamratgrupp och samhällsstruktur är centrala faktorer. Resultaten visar att killar kan efterlikna föräldrars attityder och beteenden vad gäller våld samt att ett riskfyllt sammanhang, där en aggressiv och hotfull kamratgrupp kan vara en bidragande faktor till killars accepterande attityder till våld respektive våldsutövning i sin parrelation. Vidare visar resultat att killars accepterande attityder och våldsutövning i sin parrelation kan grundas i samhällsstruktur, där könsnormer, maskulinitet och förväntningar visar sig vara centrala faktorer. Resultatet visar även att prevention och insatser riktade mot målgruppen är en nödvändighet för att förebygga våld i ungas parrelationer. Resultatet visar att politiska, ekonomiska och sociala åtgärder bör vidtas för att bekämpa våld i ungas parrelationer. Av resultatet framkommer att identifiering av riskfyllda sammanhang, vilka killar kan vara del av, kan reducera våld i ungas parrelationer. Slutsatserna visar att ett komplext samspel mellan individuella, sociala, kulturella och samhälleliga faktorer kan tänkas ligga bakom killars accepterande attityder och våldsutövning i ungas parrelationer.