Law Ka Pui, Karlen. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 159-170). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Declaration --- p.1 / Abstract --- p.ii / Acknowledgement --- p.vii / Abbreviations --- p.viii / List of Figures --- p.x / List of Tables --- p.xiv / Contents --- p.xvi / Chapter Chapter One - --- Introduction / Chapter 1.1 --- The Cervical Spine / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Anatomy of Typical Cervical Vertebrae --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1.1 --- The Vertebral Body / Chapter 1.1.1.2 --- The Vertebral (Neural) Arch / Chapter 1.1.1.3 --- The Vertebral Processes / Chapter 1.1.1.4 --- The Foramina / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Anatomy of Atypical Cervical Vertebrae --- p.6 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- The Cervical Region of Spinal Cord --- p.8 / Chapter 1.1.3.1 --- Structure of the Spinal Cord / Chapter 1.1.3.1.1 --- Gray Matter / Chapter 1.1.3.1.2 --- White Matter / Chapter 1.1.4 --- The Crucial Ascending Tracts in the White Column --- p.11 / Chapter 1.1.4.1 --- Tracts in Dorsal (Posterior) Column / Chapter 1.1.4.2 --- Tracts in the Lateral Column / Chapter 1.1.4.2.1 --- Posterior Spinocerebellar Tract / Chapter 1.1.4.2.2 --- Anterior Spinocerebellar Tract / Chapter 1.1.4.2.3 --- Lateral Spinothalamic Tract / Chapter 1.1.4.2.4 --- Postero-lateral Tract of Lissauer / Chapter 1.1.4.2.5 --- Spino-olivary Tract / Chapter 1.1.4.3 --- Tracts in the Ventral (Anterior) Column / Chapter 1.1.5 --- The Main Descending Tracts of White Column --- p.14 / Chapter 1.1.5.1 --- Tracts in the Dorsal Column / Chapter 1.1.5.2 --- Tracts in the Lateral Column / Chapter 1.1.5.2.1 --- Lateral Corticospinal Tract / Chapter 1.1.5.2.2 --- Rubrospinal Tract / Chapter 1.1.5.3 --- Tracts in Ventral Column / Chapter 1.1.5.3.1 --- Anterior Corticospinal Tract / Chapter 1.1.5.3.2 --- Vestibulospinal Tract and Reticulospinal Tract / Chapter 1.2 --- The Cervical Spinal Nerve Roots / Chapter 1.2.1 --- The Dorsal Roots --- p.16 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- The Ventral Roots --- p.18 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- The Relation between the Afferent and Efferent Nerve Roots --- p.19 / Chapter 1.3 --- Cervical Myelopathy / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Cause of Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy --- p.21 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Clinical Symptoms of Cervical Myelopathy --- p.23 / Chapter 1.4 --- Hypothesis --- p.25 / Chapter Chapter Two - --- Methodology / Chapter 2.1 --- Inclusive Criteria of the Study --- p.27 / Chapter 2.2 --- Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Cervical Spine --- p.29 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- The Setup of the MRI / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Subject Preparation / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Identification of the Most Stenotic Region in the Cervical Spine / Chapter 2.2.4 --- Measurement of the Most Stenotic Cervical Spinal Cord and Canal / Chapter 2.2.4.1 --- Dimensions of the Spinal Cord and Canal in Sagittal Plane / Chapter 2.2.4.2 --- Dimensions of the Spinal Cord and Canal in Coronal Plane / Chapter 2.2.4.3 --- Dimensions of the Spinal Cord and Canal in Horizontal Plane / Chapter 2.2.4.4 --- Compression Ratio of the Sagittal and Coronal Dimension / Chapter 2.2.5 --- Somatosensory Evoked Potential (SEP) Evaluation / Chapter 2.2.6 --- Choice of Stimulation / Chapter 2.2.7 --- Reception of Signals / Chapter 2.2.7.1 --- Erb's Point / Chapter 2.2.7.2 --- Sensory Cortex Reception / Chapter 2.2.7.3 --- Subject Preparation / Chapter 2.3 --- Upper Limb Functional Assessment --- p.44 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- JOA Score for Cervical Myelopathy / Chapter 2.3.1.1 --- Upper Extremity Function / Chapter 2.3.1.2 --- Lower Extremity Function / Chapter 2.3.1.3 --- Sensory Disturbance / Chapter 2.3.1.4 --- Urinary Function / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Jebsen Hand Function Test / Chapter 2.3.2.1 --- Sub-test 2 - Card Turning Test / Chapter 2.3.2.2 --- Sub-test 3 - Small Object Pinching Test / Chapter 2.3.2.3 --- Sub-test 4 - Simulated Feeding Test / Chapter 2.3.2.4 --- Sub-test 5 - Stacking Checkers Test / Chapter 2.3.2.5 --- Sub-test 6 - Large Light Object Picking Test / Chapter 2.3.2.6 --- Sub-test 7 - Heavy Large Object Picking Test / Chapter 2.3.3 --- The Purdue Pegboard Test / Chapter 2.3.3.1 --- Sub-test 1 - Dominant Hand / Chapter 2.3.3.2 --- Sub-test 2 - Non-dominant Hand / Chapter 2.3.3.3 --- Sub-test 3 - Both Hands / Chapter 2.3.3.4 --- Sub-test 4 - Assembly / Chapter 2.4 --- Statistical Analysis Method --- p.74 / Chapter Chapter Three - --- Results / Chapter 3.1 --- Subject Distribution --- p.76 / Chapter 3.2 --- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measurement --- p.82 / Chapter 3.3 --- Somatosensory Evoked Potentials Recording --- p.94 / Chapter 3.4 --- JOA (Cervical) Scoring --- p.96 / Chapter 3.5 --- Jebsen Hand Function Test Measurement --- p.101 / Chapter 3.6 --- Purdue Pegboard Test Measurement --- p.105 / Chapter 3.7 --- Statistical Analysis Findings --- p.107 / Chapter 3.8 --- Summary --- p.132 / Chapter Chapter Four - --- Discussion / Chapter 4.1 --- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measurement --- p.134 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Cervical Myelopathy Subjects has Small Spinal Cord and Canal / Chapter 4.2 --- Somatosensory Evoked Potential of the Median Nerve --- p.140 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- The Latencies were Preserved in Most of the Subjects / Chapter 4.3 --- Cervical Cord Compression Affects the Hand Function Significantly --- p.143 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Fine Finger Dexterity Deficiency is a Significant Clinical Symptoms of Cervical Myelopathy Subjects / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Deficiency in Manual Dexterity is another Significant Clinical Symptoms of Cervical Myelopathy Subjects / Chapter Chapter Five - --- Summary and Conclusion --- p.153 / Chapter Chapter Six - --- Further Studies / Chapter 6.1 --- Modification in the Sample Recruitment --- p.157 / Chapter 6.2 --- Modification in Assessment Tools and Procedures --- p.158 / Bibliography --- p.159

Cervical stenotic myelopathy (CSM) is an important musculoskeletal and neurologic disease of the horse. Clinical disease occurs due to malformations of the vertebrae in the neck causing stenosis of the cervical vertebral canal and subsequent spinal cord compression. The disease is multifactorial in nature, therefore a clearer understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of CSM will allow for improved management and therapeutic practices. This thesis examines issues of equine CSM diagnosis, skeletal tissue pathology, and inherited genetic determinants utilizing advances in biomedical imaging technologies and equine genomics. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data provided a more complete assessment of the cervical column through image acquisition in multiple planes. First, MRI was compared to standing cervical radiographs for detection of stenosis. Using canal area or the cord canal area ratio, MRI more accurately predicted sites of compression in CSM cases. Secondly, articular process skeletal pathology localized on MRI was found to be more frequent and severe in CSM horses compared to controls. In addition, lesions were generalized throughout the cervical column and not limited to the spinal cord compression sites. A subset of lesions identified on MRI was evaluated using micro-CT and histopathology. Osteochondrosis, osseous cyst-like structures, fibrous tissue replacement of bone, and osteosclerosis were observed. These lesions support likely developmental aberrations of vertebral bone and cartilage maturation with secondary biomechanical influences. Bone cyst-like structures are a novel finding in this disease. Finally, the long-standing question of the contribution of genetic determinants to CSM was investigated using a genome wide association study (GWAS). Multiple significant loci were identified supporting the influence of a complex genetic trait in clinical disease. A simple Mendelian trait controlled by one gene is unlikely given the detection of variants across multiple chromosomes. Major contributions from this research include documentation of articular process bone and cartilage pathology in horses with CSM, support for abnormal cervical vertebrae development being an important contributing factor in the etiology and/or pathogenesis of equine CSM, and evidence that multiple genetic loci contribute to the CSM disease phenotype.

Thesis (M.CM)--Hong Kong Baptist University, 2006. / Dissertation submitted to the School of Chinese Medicine. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 45-46).

Thesis (M.S.)--Medical College of Ohio, 2005. / "In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Biomedical Sciences." Major advisor: Nabil Ebraheim. Includes abstract. Document formatted into pages: iii, 57 p. Title from title page of PDF document. Bibliography: pages 35-42,49-56.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2007. / Title from first page of PDF file. Includes bibliographical references (p. 174-200).

Thesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2014. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Neck pain is a common phenomenon that occurs in a large percentage of the population every day. While many occurrences are not deemed critical such as those from muscle strain which can be treated with rest and pain medication, others due to sports injuries, whiplash from car accidents, bad posture or degeneration of the intervertebral disc can be quite severe. In extreme cases failure of the vertebra(e) or the intervertebral disc requires surgery and possibly the use of cervical implants. Where intervertebral discs fail due to herniation or Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD), Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion (ACDF) is a common surgical method used to remove the a ected disc and replace it with a cervical cage implant. These implants are designed to restore the height between the vertebrae, allowing bone from both vertebrae to grow through them and mineralise. Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies can produce parts with complex geometries not possible using conventional manufacturing methods. This design freedom, coupled with CT scans of a patient, allow for tailoring an implant to the speci c anatomy of the a ected vertebrae using CAD software. Such an approach must be regulated and shown to be technically and commercially feasible before it can be implemented in industry. This study sought to develop a framework for manufacturing customized cervical cage implants using additive manufacturing. The e cacy of customization to reduce the risk of subsidence was investigated by means of non-destructive and destructive mechanical testing on six cadaver specimens, using readily available PEEK cage implants as a benchmark. The results showed that the customized implant was comparable to the PEEK, with no statistically signi cant di erence between the two. In extreme cases, where PEEK implants cannot be used, customized implants could be a suitable alternative to reduce the risk of subsidence. A manufacturing cost analysis was conducted to determine economic feasibility. The estimated cost and selling price of the customized implants under various utilization scenarios and mark-ups was compared to readily available PEEK implants. The estimated selling prices of the customized implants compared favourably to the PEEK verifying the economic viability of using AM. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Nek pyn is 'n algemene verskynsel wat daagliks na tevore kom in die bevolking. Baie gevalle word nie as krities geklasi seer nie soos byvoorbeeld spier pyn wat behandel kan word deur genoegsame rus en pyn medikasie. Pyn wat deur sportbeserings, sweepslag beserings 'whiplash' tydens motor ongelukke, verkeerde postuur, of deur slytasie van 'n intervertebrale skyf veroorsaak is, word dikwels as ernstig geklasi seer. In ekstreme gevalle waar die werwel(s) of die inervertebrale skyf(we) faal, sal chirurgie en servikale inplantate moontlik nodig wees. Waneer intervertebrale skywe faal weens herniatie of Degeneratiewe Skyf Siekte (DDD) kan 'n algemene chirurgiese metode, Anterieure Servikale Discectomie en Fusie (ACDF), gebruik word om die gea ekteerde skyf te verwyder en dit te vervang met 'n servikale samesmelting implantaat. Hierdie implantate herstel die hoogte tussen rugwerwels en is ontwerp sodat die been deur dit kan groei en mineraliseer. Komplekse geometrieë kan vervaardig word deur toevoegingsvervaardiging (AM) tegnologieë. Die ontwerp vryheid, gepaard met CT-skanderings en CAD-sagteware stel mens in staat om die geometrie van die implantaat aan te pas tot die spese eke anatomie van die gea ekteerde vertebra. So 'n benadering moet gereguleer word en eers tegnies en kommersieel uitvoerbaar bewys word voordat dit in die bedryf geïmplementeer kan word. Hierdie studie poog verder om 'n raamwerk vir die vervaardiging van persoonlike servikale implantate deur middel van toevoegingsvervaardiging te ontwikkel. Die doeltre endheid van persoonlike implantate om te verhoed dat die chirurg die eind-plaat beskadig, en sodoende die risiko van insakking te verminder, is ondersoek deur middel van meganiese toetse op ses kadawer monsters. Hierdie toetse is gedoen met behulp van geredelik beskikbaar PEEK servikale implantate as 'n maatstaf. Die resultate het getoon dat die persoonlike- en PEEK implantate vergelykbaar is. In moontlike gevalle waar PEEK implantate nie geskik sou wees nie, kan persoonlike implantate 'n alternatiewe opsie wees om die risiko van insakking te verminder.

152f. / Submitted by Suelen Reis (suziy.ellen@gmail.com) on 2013-04-24T13:48:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Regina Cruz1.pdf: 1075094 bytes, checksum: 093c82ec8c30758e48a290694f288d59 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Meirelles(rodrigomei@ufba.br) on 2013-05-08T11:48:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Regina Cruz1.pdf: 1075094 bytes, checksum: 093c82ec8c30758e48a290694f288d59 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-05-08T11:48:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Regina Cruz1.pdf: 1075094 bytes, checksum: 093c82ec8c30758e48a290694f288d59 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002 / Este estudo se propôs a avaliar a correlação entre os estágios de maturação das vértebras cervicais (C2, C3 e C4), de acordo com o método proposto por Lamparski (1972), modificado por Hassel e Farman (1995), e os estágios de desenvolvimento das unidades dentárias 43 e 47, segundo a classificação de Nolla (1960), considerando sexo e idade cronológica. Realizou-se um estudo de corte transversal com uma amostra de 252 pacientes, de ambos os sexos, nas faixas etárias entre 8 e 15 nos de idade, na cidade de Salvador - Bahia. As mudanças morfológicas das vértebras cervicais foram analisadas em telerradiografias laterais, e os estágios de desenvolvimento dental em radiografias panorâmicas. Foram aplicados testes estatísticos, aceitando-se um p valor < 0,05, como significativo. Os resultados mostraram que na medida em que a idade cronológica aumenta os estágios de maturação das vértebras cervicais também aumentam, sendo mais precoce nos pacientes do sexo feminino. Ficou comprovada uma correlação positiva entre os estágios de desenvolvimento dos dentes 43 e 47 e a idade cronológica, no entanto, não houve diferença significativa entre os pacientes do sexo feminino e masculino. A avaliação do grau de correlação entre as fases de maturação das vértebras cervicais e estágios de desenvolvimento dental, pelo Coeficiente de Correlação de Spearman, demonstrou uma correlação positiva e moderada, ou seja, a medida em que os estágios de maturação das vértebras cervicais progridem, os estágios de desenvolvimento dental, também 20 caminham para a maturidade de forma linear. Controlando o efeito da variável sexo, observou-se que essa variável tem pouca influência na correlação estudada. Porém, quando de associou a variável idade cronológica, o grau dessa correlação diminuiu muito. Ao controlar-se o efeito da idade cronológica e sexo, através do coeficiente de correlação parcial, reafirmou-se a fraca influência da variável sexo e o grande impacto da idade cronológica sobre a correlação entre as variáveis em estudo. Os resultados indicaram uma fraca correlação entre os estágios de maturação das vértebras cervicais e os estágios de desenvolvimento dental, quando controladas as variáveis sexo e idade cronológica. Com base nos dados obtidos nesse estudo pode-se verificar a dificuldade de se estabelecer uma correspondência entre a idade cronológica, maturação óssea e desenvolvimento dental. Assim sendo, é aconselhável somar o maior número de informações possíveis, para se obter uma idade biológica mais próxima da real. / Salvador

Submitted by MARIUCHA KARINA HONORIO RIBEIRO ROCHA null (mariucha_rocha@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-01-28T17:44:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Mariucha.pdf: 690234 bytes, checksum: 3773a7548f01be7edc3ab559700c7133 (MD5) / Rejected by Sandra Manzano de Almeida (smanzano@marilia.unesp.br), reason: Solicitamos que realize uma nova submissão seguindo as orientações abaixo: O número de páginas indicado na ficha catalográfica é diferente do número de páginas do arquivo PDF. Por favor, submeta o PDF completo no Repositório. Caso queira disponibilizar apenas o conteúdo parcial, durante a submissão indique na opção “Versão a ser disponibilizada online imediatamente” e informe o tempo para disponibilização do conteúdo integral. Ao submeter o arquivo completo a Coordenadoria Geral de Bibliotecas se encarregará de disponibilizar apenas o conteúdo parcial que segundo a Portaria UNESP 396 de 10 de setembro de 2015 consiste em: Artigo 3º V - conteúdo parcial: as páginas pré-textuais (a folha de rosto, a dedicatória, os agradecimentos, a epígrafe, o resumo na língua vernácula, o resumo em língua estrangeira, as listas de ilustrações, de tabelas, de abreviaturas, de siglas e de símbolos e o sumário), a introdução, a conclusão ou as considerações finais e as referências do trabalho. Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2016-01-29T18:13:27Z (GMT) / Submitted by MARIUCHA KARINA HONORIO RIBEIRO ROCHA null (mariucha_rocha@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-05-11T16:02:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Mariucha.pdf: 690234 bytes, checksum: 3773a7548f01be7edc3ab559700c7133 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Juliano Benedito Ferreira (julianoferreira@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-05-12T19:00:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 rocha_mkhr_dr_bot.pdf: 690234 bytes, checksum: 3773a7548f01be7edc3ab559700c7133 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-12T19:00:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 rocha_mkhr_dr_bot.pdf: 690234 bytes, checksum: 3773a7548f01be7edc3ab559700c7133 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-01-11 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Neste estudo foram utilizados 330 juvenis da tilápia-do-nilo (peso inicial 15,26±0,3g) alimentados com dieta ausente de suplementação e suplementadas com 3,4:5,1; 5,1:5,1; 6,7:10,0 e 10,0:10,0g kg-1 de cálcio e fósforo, durante 96 dias. Peixes alimentados com 5,1: 5,1g kg-1 apresentaram peso final e ganho de peso menor (P<0,05) comparados aos com 6,7:10,0 e 10,0:10,0g Kg-1. A conversão alimentar de peixes alimentados com dieta suplementada foi melhor (P<0,05) comparada aos alimentados com dieta não suplementada. A análise morfométrica da vértebra dos peixes mostrou aumento (P<0,05) em animais alimentados com 6,7:10,0g Kg-1. O teor de cálcio e fósforo corporal de peixes alimentados com 6,7:10,0g kg-1 foi maior comparado aos alimentados com 5,1:5,1g kg-1. O teor de cinzas nas vértebras de peixes alimentados com dietas suplementadas foi maior (P>0,05) comparada aos sem suplementação. O teor de cálcio na vértebra dos peixes alimentados com dieta contendo 10,0:10,0g kg-1 foi maior (P<0,05) comparado às demais.O teor de cálcio na vértebra dos peixes alimentados com dietas contendo 6,7:10,0 e 5,1:5,1g kg-1 foi maior (P<0,05) comparado aos alimentados com 3,4:5,1g kg-1. Os teores de fósforo na vértebra de peixes alimentados com dietas de 3,4: 5,1g kg-1 e 6,7:10,0g kg-1 foram menores (P<0,05) comparados aos peixes alimentados com as demais dietas. As dietas 6,7:10,0 e 10,0:10,0g kg-1 de cálcio e fósforo atenderam as necessidades dos Juvenís da tilápia-do-nilo em desempenho e mineralização óssea. / This study used 330 juveniles of Nile tilapia (initial weight 15.26 ± 0.3g) fed unsuplemented diet and supplemented with 3.4: 5.1; 5.1: 5.1; 6.7:10.0 and 10.0:10.0g kg-1 of calcium and phosphorus for 96 days. Fish fed with 5.1: 5.1g kg-1 final weight and had lower weight gain (P <0.05) compared to those with 6.7: 10.0 and 10.0:10.0g kg-1. The feed of fish fed with diet supplemented was better (P <0.05) compared to the unsupplemented diet fed. The morphometric analysis of the vertebra showed fish increase (P <0.05) in animals fed with 6.7: 10.0 g kg-1. The body calcium and phosphorus fish fed with 6.7:10.0 g kg-1 was higher compared to fed 5.1: 5.1g kg-1. The ash content in fish fed diets supplemented vertebrae was higher (P> 0.05) compared to no supplementation. The calcium content in fish vertebrae fed a diet containing 10.0: 10.0 g kg-1 was higher (P <0.05) compared to too much trouble calcium content in the vertebrae of fish fed diets containing 6,7 : 10.0 and 5.1: 5.1g kg-1 was higher (P <0.05) compared to fed 3.4: 5.1g kg-1. The phosphorus content in the vertebra fish fed diets with 3.4: 5,1g kg-1 and 6.7: 10.0 g kg-1 were lower (P <0.05) compared to fish fed with the other diets. Diets 6.7:10.0;10.0:10.0g kg-1 of calcium and phosphorus met the needs of juveniles of Nile tilapia in performance and bone mineralization. / CNPq: 140304/2013-4

A estimativa de idade em indivíduos vivos representa um desafio com significativa importância nos âmbitos civil e penal. O estudo de estruturas do corpo humano para estimar a idade cronológica norteia-se na avaliação dos acontecimentos que transcorrem durante os processos de crescimento e desenvolvimento, uma vez que, comumente, apresentam uma sequência lógica e constante. A literatura mundial sugere uma abordagem multifatorial para o processo de estimativa da idade em indivíduos vivos, ou seja, a avaliação do desenvolvimento de mais de um local anatômico. Nessa perspectiva, os objetivos da primeira fase do estudo consistiram em validar o método de estimativa de idade por meio dos índices radiográficos oro-cervicais em brasileiros, além de verificar a relação entre idade real e idade estimada com a aplicação dos índices radiográficos. Na segunda etapa, objetivou-se verificar a efetividade das equações de estimativa de idade pelo exame dos dentes elaboradas por Chaillet e Demirjian (2004) e as equações para estimar a idade pelo exame das vértebras cervicais apresentadas por Caldas et al. (2007a). Por fim, o último objetivo foi elaborar novas equações para estimativa da idade real associando dados dentários e medidas cervicais dos métodos anteriores. A amostra avaliada foi composta por radiografias panorâmicas e telerradiografias pertencentes a 510 indivíduos com idades entre 08 e 24,9 anos. Durante a primeira fase da pesquisa, foram aplicados métodos de estimativa de idade por meio da avaliação do desenvolvimento de sete dentes mandibulares, vértebras cervicais e terceiros molares. Logo após, as técnicas aplicadas previamente foram combinadas por meio dos índices radiográficos: o escore radiográfico oro-cervical simplificado (EROCS) e o escore radiográfico oro-cervical simplificado sem o terceiro molar (EROCSSTM). No decorrer da segunda fase, avaliou-se a maturação dentária, atribuiu-se a pontuação referente a cada dente e a idade real foi estimada por meio de equações de regressão de Chaillet e Demirjian (2004). Em relação às vértebras cervicais, foram realizadas medidas dos corpos vertebrais e os valores substituídos nas fórmulas propostas por Caldas et al. (2007a). Os achados do estudo indicaram que entre os escores radiográficos, o EROCS apresentou taxa de acerto geral igual a 67,4% e uma relação moderada com a idade cronológica, sendo o coeficiente de determinação (R2) equivalente a 0,64; para o EROCSSTM a taxa de acerto correspondeu a 70,8% e R2 igual a 0,62. Ao aplicar a metodologia de Chaillet e Demirjian (2004) para os dentes, o erro médio foi igual a 1,3 anos, e o método de Caldas et al. (2007a) para as vértebras cervicais obteve um erro médio de 1,9 anos. As variáveis dentárias e as medidas das cervicais foram associadas e novas equações de regressão foram desenvolvidas para a amostra de brasileiros, apresentando um erro médio igual a 1,0 ano. Por fim, tem-se que os índices radiográficos oro-cervicais foram de fácil execução após um treinamento adequado, reprodutíveis e passíveis de utilização na prática forense. Além disso, recomenda-se o uso das novas equações elaboradas neste estudo ao associar dados das vértebras cervicais com informações do desenvolvimento dentário para obtenção de estimativas de idade com maior acurácia. / The age estimation in living subjects is a challenge with significant importance in civil and criminal areas. The study of human body structures to estimate the chronological age is guided by the evaluation of events which happens during the processes of growth and development, since they have a constant and logic sequence. The worldwide literature has suggested a multifactorial approach to age estimation in living subjects which is the evaluation of development of more than one anatomical location. In this sense, the objectives of the first phase of the study consisted in validate the age estimation method through oro-cervical radiographic indexes in Brazilians and identify the relationship between real age and estimated age with application of radiographic indexes. The second phase of study aimed to verify the effectiveness of age estimation equations proposed by Chaillet and Demirjian (2004) through dental exams, and evaluated Caldas et al. (2007a) age estimation equations using cervical vertebrae. The last aim was to develop new equations for estimating the real age associating dental data and cervical measures of previous methods. The sample comprised panoramic radiographs and teleradiography belonging to 510 subjects, aged 08 to 24.9 years old. During the first phase of the research, age estimation methods were applied by assessing the development of seven mandibular teeth, cervical vertebrae and third molars. Then, the techniques used previously have been combined by radiographic indexes: the Oro-Cervical Radiographic Simplified Score (OCRSS) and Oro-Cervical Radiographic Simplified Score without Wisdom Teeth (OCRSSWWT). During the second phase, evaluated the dental maturation, assigned the score to each tooth and the real age was estimated by regression equations of Chaillet and Demirjian (2004). Regarding the cervical vertebrae, measurements were made of vertebral bodies and the values were used in formulas proposed by Caldas et al. (2007a). The findings of study show that between radiographic scores, the OCRSS presented a positive rate of 67.4% and a moderate relationship with chronological age with a coefficient of determination (R2) equivalent to 0.64; for EROCSSTM the hit rate was 70.8% and R2 of 0.62. Chaillet and Demirjian\'s technique was applied for dental age estimation, which showed an average error of 1.3 years and the method of Caldas et al. (2007a) was applied for cervical vertebrae age estimation with an average error of 1.9 years. Dental variables and measurements of cervical vertebrae were associated and new regression equations were developed for Brazilians, and the average error of equations developed in the study was 1.0 year. Finally, the method with radiographic indexes was easy to perform after adequate training, reliable and can be used in forensic practice. In addition, the use of new equations presented in this study is recommended because associating cervical vertebrae data with dental development allowed age estimates with greater accuracy.

Submitted by Claudinei Pracidelli (cpracide@ipen.br) on 2015-06-09T18:38:57Z No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-09T18:38:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP