Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T16:59:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Daniel.pdf: 1707681 bytes, checksum: 4b5e04b9b409690da3ffc27cc2b8065a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-12-08 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This dissertation examines the films Man with a movie camera (1929), by Dziga Vertov, and Tokyo-Ga (1985), by Wim Wenders, in their relation to temporality and historicity of the time they were made. At the same time, historical and aesthetic aspects are addressed through historical categories as regime of historicity , proposed by François Hartog, horizon of expectation and space of experience , by Reinhart Koselleck, which are important concepts to understand that the way past, present and future are articulated helps explain certain aspects of a particular temporality. Modernity and postmodernity, memory and forgetting, time acceleration, and sacralization of the past are some of the topics involved in this study, that also highlights similarities and tensions between cinema and history in relation to concepts like truth, legitimacy, production of meaning and representation / Esta dissertação analisa os filmes Um homem com uma câmera (1929), de Dziga Vertov, e Tokyo-Ga (1985), de Wim Wenders, em sua relação com a temporalidade e a historicidade da época em que foram realizados. São abordados paralelamente aspectos históricos e estéticos, sendo utilizadas categorias históricas como regime de historicidade , proposta por François Hartog, horizonte de expectativa e espaço de experiência , de Reinhart Koselleck, conceitos importantes para se compreender que a forma como passado, presente e futuro são articulados ajuda a explicar certos aspectos de uma dada temporalidade. Modernidade e pós-modernidade, memória e esquecimento, aceleração temporal, sacralização do passado são alguns dos tópicos que permeiam esta pesquisa, que também sublinha aproximações e tensões entre cinema e história no que se refere a conceitos como verdade, legitimidade, produção de sentidos e representação

This dissertation considers ten years in the life of one word. Between 1918 and 1928, khronika—the Russian word that describes newsreel filmmaking—became the site of extensive debates about the aesthetics and social responsibilities of the documentary film. Following the February revolution of 1917, khronika was promoted as the privileged record keeper of a new historical era, catalyzing a period of unprecedented formal innovation. During this period, Soviet documentarians transform the relationship between text and image, developing a film style that integrated verbal and visual material. In newsreel journal such as Kino-Pravda, images cease to be passive illustrations accompanying text and are for the first time treated as equally capable of delivering propositional content. Like other modernist art practices, khronika develops in dialogue with attempts to define its essence as a film genre and its medium specificity. Falling under the influence of competing strains within Constructivism, khronika is first conceived as a purely visual medium and then again as a purely factual one. Made up of seventeen variations on the social, political, and aesthetic aspects of khronika's evolution, the dissertation makes a crucial revision of documentary history. Rather than focus on the first instances of non-fiction films that adapt the narrative conventions of fiction film, Khronika examines the origins of documentary as an informational medium. Drawing on film theory, history of science, and philosophy, Khronika asks what it was that film learned to express during the first tumultuous decade when documentaries ceased to be windows onto a world and become the active interpreters of the reality captured by motion picture cameras. / Slavic Languages and Literatures

Submitted by Oliveira Santos Dilzaná (dilznana@yahoo.com.br) on 2013-11-04T13:28:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Bruno Evangelista.pdf: 1641923 bytes, checksum: 326213db3dd74e709dc8e45e4149174a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Portela (anapoli@ufba.br) on 2013-11-18T17:58:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Bruno Evangelista.pdf: 1641923 bytes, checksum: 326213db3dd74e709dc8e45e4149174a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-11-18T17:58:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Bruno Evangelista.pdf: 1641923 bytes, checksum: 326213db3dd74e709dc8e45e4149174a (MD5) / CNPq / O presente trabalho visa investigar as representações da modernidade em Dziga Vertov. Nesse sentido, selecionamos três películas emblemáticas que manifestam o processo de desenvolvimento das forças produtivas na Rússia Soviética, a saber, A Sexta Parte do Mundo, Um Homem com uma Câmera e Entusiasmo ou Sinfonia de Dombass. Esses filmes evocam o processo de transformação moderna do período revolucionário à medida que associa revolução socialista e desenvolvimento produtivo numa espécie de “modernidade socialista”, através da qual demonstra a incompatibilidade da nova realidade com a reprodução ampliada do capital. Além disso, representa a desconstrução de formas anacrônicas, tradicionais e antigas atribuídas ao período imperial em nome de expressões imagéticas de racionalização, secularização e, sobretudo, da edificação de um “novo homem” moderno, consciente, produtivo e aliado dos instrumentos tecnológicos considerados revolucionários. Por outro lado, a associação do cineasta com novas possibilidades estéticas construídas na arte moderna permitiu a composição fílmica pautada em perspectivas críticas assentadas na perspectiva de “autonomia estética”, apesar do comprometimento ideológico das construções imagéticas com a dinâmica de superação das condições materiais da revolução de 1917. This present study aims to investigate the representations of modernity according to DzigaVertov. In order to accomplish it, we have selected three films that show the emblematic process of development of productive forces in Soviet Russia, namely, The Sixth Part of the World, Man with a Movie Camera and Enthusiasm or Dombass’ Symphony. These movies evoke the process of modern transformation of the revolutionary period as they associate socialist revolution and productive development in a kind of “socialist modernity”, through which they demonstrate the incompatibility between the new reality and the capital extended reproduction. Besides, they represent the deconstruction of anachronistic, traditional and ancient forms assigned to the imperial period on behalf of imagistic expressions of rationalization, secularization and above all the building of a modern, aware and productive "new man", an ally of technological instruments considered as revolutionary. On the other hand, the filmmaker association with new aesthetic possibilities built upon modern art, made it possible a filmic composition guided by critical perspectives based on an “aesthetic autonomy” perspective, despite ideological commitment of the imagery constructions with the dynamics of overcoming the material conditions of the 1917 revolution.

Este é um estudo sobre os escritos do cineasta Dziga Viértov e sobre a publicação desses documentos na União Soviética e, posteriormente, na Rússia. Na primeira parte deste trabalho, é analisado o primeiro momento de resgate da obra de Viértov na então URSS pouco após o falecimento do cineasta, em 1954. Relacionando esse processo ao contexto mais amplo do chamado Degelo e analisando o período que vai de 1957 a 1967, vemos como o redescobrimento dos filmes de Viértov correu em paralelo com o redescobrimento de sua obra escrita, através da publicação de seus artigos, diários e roteiros inéditos inicialmente em revistas e jornais, depois na primeira coletânea desses escritos a ser publicada na URSS, Statí. Dnevnikí. Zámisli (Artigos. Diários. Projetos), organizada por Serguei Drobachenko. Lançada em 1966 e fonte comum de todas as principais traduções de textos de Viértov hoje disponíveis em diversos idiomas, esta coletânea é aqui analisada criticamente: partindo de comentários de pesquisadores como Liév Rochál, Aleksandr Deriábin, John MacKay e Dária Krujkôva a respeito de imprecisões na reprodução dos textos no volume, sobretudo em relação a cortes realizados por motivos políticos, foi realizado para este trabalho um cotejo de todos os documentos incluídos em Statí. Dnevnikí. Zámisli com as versões desses mesmos materiais na recente edição Iz Nasliêdia da obra escrita de Viértov, publicada na Rússia em dois volumes (2004, 2008). A íntegra desse cotejo é apresentada como a Parte IV deste trabalho; na Parte I, a partir de exemplos concretos de artigos que foram modificados, são propostas e analisadas as características gerais dos cortes e reescrituras deliberadas realizadas pelo editor do volume, sendo ressaltados os limites - estéticos e políticos - deste primeiro momento de recuperação da obra do cineasta na então URSS. Na Parte II, partimos de diversos materiais incluídos na recente edição Iz Nasliêdia (em grande parte, até então inéditos) e também de documentos preservados no fundo de Viértov no RGALI, em Moscou, e no Österreichiche Filmmusem, em Viena, para estudar a \"última fase\" da carreira de Viértov, de 1938 a 1954, anos durante os quais o cineasta realiza poucos filmes, mas desenvolve mais de trinta projetos que acabaram não sendo realizados. Destacamos suas tentativas de realizar filmes infanto-juvenis, suas experiências durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial, seus projetos de retratos de pessoas comuns, seus textos autoreflexivos da década de 1940 e os últimos artigos que escreve a partir de sua experiência no cinejornal Nôvosti Dniá, onde trabalhou de 1944 até sua morte em 1954. Na Parte III desta dissertação, são apresentadas traduções feitas a partir dos originais em russo (publicados em Iz Nasliêdia e preservados no RGALI e no Österreichiche Filmmusem) de catorze textos do cineasta comentados ao longo das partes I e II. / This is a work about the writings of Soviet filmmaker Dziga Vertov and their publication in Soviet Union and, more recently, in Russia. In its first part, we analyze the first wave of Vertov\'s posthumous recognition in the USSR after his death in 1954. Relating this process to the broader context of the so-called period of the Thaw and focusing on the time frame of 1957 to 1967, we discuss how the rediscovery of Vertov\'s films was accompanied by a rediscovery of his writings, through the publication of many previously unpublished articles, diaries and scripts initially in various film journals and newspapers and, in 1966, in the first collected edition of these materials to be published in the Soviet Union: Stat\'i. Dnevniki. Zamysly, organized by Sergei Drobashenko. As the main source for all of the most important translations of Vertov\'s writings to languages such as German, French and English, this edition is critically analyzed here: departing from commentaries by researchers such as Lev Roshal\', Aleksandr Deryabin, John MacKay and Daria Kruzhkova about the many imprecisions existent in the reproduction of Vertov\'s texts in this 1966 edition - such as the omission of certain paragraphs and sentences due to their political content -, a thorough comparative analysis was made for this work between all the texts included in Stat\'i. Dnevniki. Zamysly and the reproduction of these same materials in the recent Russian two-volume edition of Vertov\'s writings, Iz Nasledya (2004, 2008). The full text of this comparison is presented as Part IV of this work; in Part I, the general characteristics of these cuts and deliberate rewritings of certain passages within the texts, made by the volume\'s editor, are discussed on the basis of some concrete examples of documents that were considerably altered. By means of this analysis, we also discuss the aesthetical and political limits of this first wave of posthumous interest in Vertov in the USSR. In Part II, we depart from various materials included in the recent Iz Nasledya edition (many of which were previously unpublished) and also from documents preserved in Vertov\'s fund in the RGALI, in Moscow, and in the Dziga Vertov Collection of the Österreichische FIlmmuseum, in Vienna, to study the \"later period\" of Vertov\'s career, from 1938 to 1954, years during which he was able to make only a few films, but developed over 30 projects that remained unrealized. We discuss his unrealized projects for children\'s films, his experiences during the Second World War, his projects for portraits of ordinary people, his reflexive autobiographical texts of the 1940s and the last articles he wrote on the basis of his experience in the Novosti Dnia newsreel, which occupied Vertov from 1944 until his death in 1954. In Part III, we present translations to Portuguese from the Russian originals (published in the Iz Nasledya edition and preserved in the RGALI and in the Österreichische Filmmuseum) of fourteen of the filmmaker\'s texts commented in parts I and II of this work.

Esta tesis aborda el estudio de la temporalidad moderna a través del cine de vanguardia europeo de los años 20. Este cine recoge todas las temporalidades que habían sido desechadas por la idea lineal y progresiva del tiempo heredada de la Ilustración y desafía de manera sistemática su construcción discursiva y la comprensión histórica que generaba para el periodo de entreguerras. El cine de vanguardia es un medio privilegiado para estudiar la experiencia temporal moderna porque es un complejo compendio de tiempos y discontinuidades. Y a su vez, la temporalidad es clave para definir y estudiar la vanguardia cinematográfica. En ella se unen el interés por la exploración del movimiento, los experimentos con la imagen, la desafección narrativa y la afección por lo real. Propone también la subversión del campo fílmico (y, por veces, social). Los cineastas de vanguardia no construían un discurso temporal alternativo pero sí se dotaban de un cuerpo coherente de revuelta basado en la exploración de esas temporalidades diversas. Trataron también de establecer la imagen como método, de deconstruir la racionalización instrumental del dominio visual y propusieron que de la variedad de discursos temporales en convivencia emanaba una nueva forma de historia y de imagen. / This thesis analyzes the modern temporality through the 20’s European avant-garde cinema. This cinema picks up all the temporalities that have been rejected by the Illustrated idea of time as linear and progressive. As a consequence, this cinema systematically defies the Illustrated discursive construction and the historical comprehension that it elaborated during the Interwars period. Avant-garde cinema was a privileged means to study the modern time experience because it is a complex compendium of times and discontinuities. At the same time, the temporality is a key element to define and study the cinematographic avant-garde. This cinema is characterized by the exploration of movement, the experiments with the image, its lack of interest in narrativity and its interest on the real. It also proposes a subversion of the filmic field (and sometimes, also the social field). Avant-garde filmmakers did not construct an alternative temporal discourse but they organized a coherent uprising corpus based on the exploration of those diverse temporalities. They established the image as a method, the deconstruction of the instrumental rationalization of the visual dominion and they proposed that a new type of history and image emanates from the coexistence of the variety of temporal discourses.

Orientador: Claudiney Rodrigues Carrasco / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-05T15:45:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Magalhaes_MichelleAgnes_M.pdf: 4441611 bytes, checksum: 2bb1669fdc87df23a2f5e1523d796a6a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Resumo: Este trabalho tem como propósito a apresentação de um pequeno panorama do movimento futurista italiano e russo no que tange ao aspecto musical, bem como uma análise dos elementos futuristas encontrados na música do filme "Entusiasmo, Sinfonia do Donbass" de Dziga Vertov realizado em 1930 / Abstract: The present dissertation has the purpose of presenting a resumed panorama of the Italian and Russian futurist movements focused on its musical aspects, as well an analysis of the futurist elements found in the film music of "Enthusiasm, Symphony of Donbass" produced in 1930 by Dziga Vertov / Mestrado / Mestre em Música

Este é um estudo sobre os escritos do cineasta Dziga Viértov e sobre a publicação desses documentos na União Soviética e, posteriormente, na Rússia. Na primeira parte deste trabalho, é analisado o primeiro momento de resgate da obra de Viértov na então URSS pouco após o falecimento do cineasta, em 1954. Relacionando esse processo ao contexto mais amplo do chamado Degelo e analisando o período que vai de 1957 a 1967, vemos como o redescobrimento dos filmes de Viértov correu em paralelo com o redescobrimento de sua obra escrita, através da publicação de seus artigos, diários e roteiros inéditos inicialmente em revistas e jornais, depois na primeira coletânea desses escritos a ser publicada na URSS, Statí. Dnevnikí. Zámisli (Artigos. Diários. Projetos), organizada por Serguei Drobachenko. Lançada em 1966 e fonte comum de todas as principais traduções de textos de Viértov hoje disponíveis em diversos idiomas, esta coletânea é aqui analisada criticamente: partindo de comentários de pesquisadores como Liév Rochál, Aleksandr Deriábin, John MacKay e Dária Krujkôva a respeito de imprecisões na reprodução dos textos no volume, sobretudo em relação a cortes realizados por motivos políticos, foi realizado para este trabalho um cotejo de todos os documentos incluídos em Statí. Dnevnikí. Zámisli com as versões desses mesmos materiais na recente edição Iz Nasliêdia da obra escrita de Viértov, publicada na Rússia em dois volumes (2004, 2008). A íntegra desse cotejo é apresentada como a Parte IV deste trabalho; na Parte I, a partir de exemplos concretos de artigos que foram modificados, são propostas e analisadas as características gerais dos cortes e reescrituras deliberadas realizadas pelo editor do volume, sendo ressaltados os limites - estéticos e políticos - deste primeiro momento de recuperação da obra do cineasta na então URSS. Na Parte II, partimos de diversos materiais incluídos na recente edição Iz Nasliêdia (em grande parte, até então inéditos) e também de documentos preservados no fundo de Viértov no RGALI, em Moscou, e no Österreichiche Filmmusem, em Viena, para estudar a \"última fase\" da carreira de Viértov, de 1938 a 1954, anos durante os quais o cineasta realiza poucos filmes, mas desenvolve mais de trinta projetos que acabaram não sendo realizados. Destacamos suas tentativas de realizar filmes infanto-juvenis, suas experiências durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial, seus projetos de retratos de pessoas comuns, seus textos autoreflexivos da década de 1940 e os últimos artigos que escreve a partir de sua experiência no cinejornal Nôvosti Dniá, onde trabalhou de 1944 até sua morte em 1954. Na Parte III desta dissertação, são apresentadas traduções feitas a partir dos originais em russo (publicados em Iz Nasliêdia e preservados no RGALI e no Österreichiche Filmmusem) de catorze textos do cineasta comentados ao longo das partes I e II. / This is a work about the writings of Soviet filmmaker Dziga Vertov and their publication in Soviet Union and, more recently, in Russia. In its first part, we analyze the first wave of Vertov\'s posthumous recognition in the USSR after his death in 1954. Relating this process to the broader context of the so-called period of the Thaw and focusing on the time frame of 1957 to 1967, we discuss how the rediscovery of Vertov\'s films was accompanied by a rediscovery of his writings, through the publication of many previously unpublished articles, diaries and scripts initially in various film journals and newspapers and, in 1966, in the first collected edition of these materials to be published in the Soviet Union: Stat\'i. Dnevniki. Zamysly, organized by Sergei Drobashenko. As the main source for all of the most important translations of Vertov\'s writings to languages such as German, French and English, this edition is critically analyzed here: departing from commentaries by researchers such as Lev Roshal\', Aleksandr Deryabin, John MacKay and Daria Kruzhkova about the many imprecisions existent in the reproduction of Vertov\'s texts in this 1966 edition - such as the omission of certain paragraphs and sentences due to their political content -, a thorough comparative analysis was made for this work between all the texts included in Stat\'i. Dnevniki. Zamysly and the reproduction of these same materials in the recent Russian two-volume edition of Vertov\'s writings, Iz Nasledya (2004, 2008). The full text of this comparison is presented as Part IV of this work; in Part I, the general characteristics of these cuts and deliberate rewritings of certain passages within the texts, made by the volume\'s editor, are discussed on the basis of some concrete examples of documents that were considerably altered. By means of this analysis, we also discuss the aesthetical and political limits of this first wave of posthumous interest in Vertov in the USSR. In Part II, we depart from various materials included in the recent Iz Nasledya edition (many of which were previously unpublished) and also from documents preserved in Vertov\'s fund in the RGALI, in Moscow, and in the Dziga Vertov Collection of the Österreichische FIlmmuseum, in Vienna, to study the \"later period\" of Vertov\'s career, from 1938 to 1954, years during which he was able to make only a few films, but developed over 30 projects that remained unrealized. We discuss his unrealized projects for children\'s films, his experiences during the Second World War, his projects for portraits of ordinary people, his reflexive autobiographical texts of the 1940s and the last articles he wrote on the basis of his experience in the Novosti Dnia newsreel, which occupied Vertov from 1944 until his death in 1954. In Part III, we present translations to Portuguese from the Russian originals (published in the Iz Nasledya edition and preserved in the RGALI and in the Österreichische Filmmuseum) of fourteen of the filmmaker\'s texts commented in parts I and II of this work.

The audio visual essay, or ”film/video essay” as it might be better known, has in recent years started to enjoy a level of popularity previously unseen in its long and obscure history; encouraging a proper reexamination of the genre through the years, to see how it has developed and changed throughout its lifetime to finally arrive at where it is today. With a lineage stretching back across the centuries, through to the 16th -century writings of Michel de Montaigne, the essay format, either as it manifests in the traditions of literature or the audio visual mode, is a curious form of expression, preferring an indirect route towards knowledge, marked by quandary, reflection, the trying and retrying ideas in a process built around the act of searching. Because of its unusual and shifting nature, on both a formal and discursive level, coupled with a propensity for analysis and dialectical reasoning, it has been a staple of transgressive aesthetic practices, landing it with several of leading experimental filmmakers and movements of the pre- and postwar eras. Interestingly, however, in the new cultural landscape, shaped by the advent of the digital revolution, it has also been involved in a politically transgressive arena of democratized home productions, sparking discussion about the imperative conditions and potential future possibilities of media creation as a whole. To make sense of these historical proceedings, and the forces which impel them, a cohesive definition of the genre is in order, which can then be used as the basis of a functional historical model. As such, the following questions are prompted: What characteristics define the audio visual essay, in what ways has it manifested throughout its history and, by extension, how does one go about formulating a conception of its history? To accommodate these queries both an essayistic mode of analysis, concerning a work’s discursive and formalistic properties, and a chronological lineage of the audio visual essay, is proposed, and applied to different historical examples, to map out paths of development and progression as well as the genres response to the varying cultural, social, political and technological forces during its lifetime.

Most previous studies of Soviet montage cinema have concentrated on its aesthetic and technical aspects; however, montage cinema was essentially a rhetoric rather than an aesthetic of cinema. This thesis presents a comparative study of the leading montage film-makers – Kuleshov, Pudovkin, Eisenstein and Vertov – comparing and contrasting the differing methods by which they used cinema to exert a rhetorical effect on the spectator for the purposes of political propaganda. The definitions of propaganda in general use in the study of Soviet montage cinema are too narrowly restrictive and a more nuanced definition is clearly needed. Furthermore, the role of the spectator in constituting the rhetorical effectivity of a montage film has been neglected; a psychoanalytic model of the way in which the filmic text can trigger a change in the spectator’s psyche is required. Moreover, the ideology of the Soviet montage films is generally assumed to exist only in their content, whereas in classical cinema ideology also operates at the level of the enunciation of the filmic text itself. The extent to which this is also true for Soviet montage cinema should be investigated. I have analysed the interaction between montage films and their spectators from multiple perspectives, using several distinct but complementary theoretical approaches, including recent theories of propaganda, a psychoanalytic model of rhetoric, Lacanian psychoanalysis and the theory of the system of the suture, and Peircean semiotics. These different theoretical approaches, while having distinct conceptual bases, work together to build a new and consistent picture of montage cinema as a propaganda medium and as a form of political rhetoric. I have been able to classify the films of Kuleshov, Eisenstein and Pudovkin as transactive, vertical agitation propaganda and the films of Vertov as transactive, horizontal agitation propaganda. Furthermore, I show that montage cinema embeds ideology in the enunciation of its filmic text, but differs from classical cinema in trying to subvert the suturing process. I conclude that Vertov at least partly created a non-representational cinematography and that he could be regarded as being at least as much a Suprematist film-maker as a Constructivist one.

The Constructivists wholeheartedly endorsed the future of Soviet socialism and they took a leading role in shaping proletarian ideology. Drawing on Bogdanov’s theories of tektology and proletarian art, the Constructivists synthesized their artistic vision with the proletarian cultural movement. The Constructivists’ desire to organize the collective as “worker-organizers” through “production” art was indebted to Bogdanov. In this regard, Constructivist work during the laboratory phase is paramount for understanding the role that Bogdanov’s tektology played in the development of Constructivist theory. In 1929, Dziga Vertov produced Man with a Movie Camera, and an analysis of tektological methods used in this film reveal Vertov’s ideological motivations. It is on this basis – building ideology – that tektology furnished a viable solution to the Constructivist pursuit of uniting the theoretical and the practical in their art.