Pendant longtemps, l'Espagne était une exception en Europe: elle semblait être immunisée à la montée des partis d'extrême droite populiste. La fin de cette exception s'est marqué lors des élections nationales de 2019: le parti Vox s'est démarqué après avoir obtenu 15% des voix. Cette thèse cherche à comprendre non seulement la popularité soudaine du parti Vox, mais aussi pourquoi le populisme d'extrême droite a pris autant de temps à se faire une place sur l'échiquier politique espagnol par rapport à ses homologues européens.

Living in Public and Private Paideía in Seneca’s Epistulae morales adLucilium”. It is difficult to conceive both moral life and communitarian life withoutthe tension between the Others and the self. On the one hand, due to the cohesionof society and the individual’s search for its communitarian dimension, a sort oftransparent life, without secrets, as long as it is honest, is needed. However, onthe other hand, when the social surrounding is morally reproachable, a privatepaideía, which allows the moral orientation of the individual, is indispensable,even if this produces in him solitude and brings the incomprehension from hisfellow citizens, resulting in the construction of a private space. / Es difícil pensar tanto la vida moral como la vida comunitaria fuera dela tensión entre los Otros y el sí-mismo. Por una parte, de cara a la cohesión dela sociedad y a que la persona singular encuentre su dimensión comunitaria, sehace necesaria una suerte de vida transparente, sin secretos, a fuer de honesta.Sin embargo, por otra parte, cuando el entorno social es moralmente cuestionable,se hace imprescindible una paideía privada que permita la orientación moral delsujeto personal, por más que ello le reporte soledad e incomprensión por parte desus conciudadanos, debiendo, entonces, construir un espacio de privacidad.

In 1833, enraged vigilantes expelled 1,200 Mormons from Jackson County, Missouri, setting a precedent for a later expulsion of Mormons from the state, changing the course of Mormon history, and enacting in microcosm a battle over the ultimate source of authority in America’s early democratic society. The purpose of this study is two-fold: first, to reexamine the motives that induced Missourians to expel Mormons from Jackson County in 1833; and second, to explore how government authorities responded to that conflict. Past studies of the Mormon expulsion from Jackson County have argued that Mormon communalism collided with the Jacksonian individualism of Missouri residents, causing hostility and violence. However, in recent years, studies have questioned many of the conventional notions of law and governance in the antebellum era, in particular the argument that Jacksonian society was dominated by an individualistic, egalitarian, laissez-faire creed. Although Jacksonian America was a society in transition, communities continued to emphasize a tradition of localized self government, communal regulation, and distrust of outside interference. Therefore, this study explored how the local orientation of law, regulation, and government in antebellum Missouri contributed to the setting of violence and to the ways local, state, and federal authorities responded to the Mormon expulsion. An analysis of the Jackson County conflict through the lens of American localism reveals the extent to which Mormonism challenged customary notions of local sovereignty, authority, and control.

Work treat of proposal universal acoustic switch (VOX) for handie - talkie PMR. Except acoustic switch has have arrangement possibility datal communication with mate. Fulfilment is bent on effectiveness and low consumption of all arrangement.

Heterogene Katalyse ist eine Schlüsseltechnologie der chemischen Industrie. Ceroxid wird für eine Reihe von katalytischen Reaktionen verwendet. Wegen seiner hervorragenden Eignung als Sauerstoffspeicher sind dies vor allem Oxidationsreaktionen. Studien zeigen, dass Ceroxid unter anderem als Substrat für Vanadiumoxid und Goldnanopartikel im Vergleich zu anderen Substraten zu einer erhöhten Aktivität führt. Diese Systeme wurden zur Untersuchung mittels oberflächenphysikalischer Messmethoden (LEED, STM, PES, IRAS) erfolgreich als Modellkatalysator nachgebildet. Dafür wurde ein zuverlässiges Rezept zur Präparation von CeO2(111)-Filmen auf Ru(0001) und CeOx-Nanopartikel auf einlagigen kristallinen Siliziumoxidfilmen auf Mo(112) entwickelt. Durch PES-, STM- und IRAS-Messungen wurden diese strukturell und elektronisch charakterisiert. In einer vergleichenden Untersuchung konnte festgestellt werden, dass Gold auf den Ceroxidnanopartikeln eine viel stärkere Wechselwirkung mit dem Ceroxidsubstrat zeigt als auf dem Ceroxidfilm. Gold bedeckt die Ceroxidnanopartikel; die teilweise geladene Au delta+-Spezies stabilisieren. Durch kombinierte STM, PES und IRAS–Messungen, zusammen mit DFT-Rechnungen der Arbeitsgruppe von J. Sauer an der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, konnte die Struktur sogenannter Vanadiumoxid – „monolayer“ – Katalysatoren entschlüsselt und die Nuklearität der Vanadiumoxidspezies an der Oberfläche den Streckschwingfrequenzen der Vanadylgruppen zugeordnet werden. Es wurde gezeigt, dass die bei geringer Bedeckung beobachteten Vanadiummonomere aus vanadylterminierten VO4-Tetraedern bestehen, die sich je nach Bedeckung und Temperatur vor allem zu Trimeren und Heptameren zusammenschließen. Die Vanadiumatome dieser Vanadiumspezies werden dabei durch den CeO2(111)-Film im Oxidationszustand 5+ bei gleichzeitiger Reduktion von Ce-Ionen der CeO2(111)-Oberfläche von 4+ auf 3+ in O2-Umgebung und unter UHV-Bedingungen stabilisiert. / Heterogenous catalysis is a key technology in chemical industry. Cerium oxide is used for a number of catalytic reactions. Due to its good oxygen-storage capabilities, it is mostly used in oxidation reactions. In comparison to other materials cerium oxide, as a support for gold and vanadium oxide, shows the highest activity. These systems were successfully prepared as model catalysts for investigation with surface science techniques (LEED, STM, PES, IRAS). Therefore a reliable recipe was developed for the preparation of CeO2(111) thin films on Ru(0001) and CeOx nanoparticles on monolayer crystalline silicon oxide films on Mo(112). These substrates were characterized using PES, STM, and IRAS measurements. In a comparative study, gold deposited on cerium oxide nanoparticles was shown to exhibit a much stronger interaction than on cerium oxide thin films. On cerium oxide nanoparticles, the gold preferentially binds to the nanoparticle surfaces and stabilizes partially-charged Au delta+-species. By means of combined STM, PES und IRAS measurements, together with DFT calculations by the research group of J. Sauer from the Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, the atomic structure of the so-called vanadium oxide – “monolayer“ – catalyst has been resolved. A direct relationship between the nuclearity of vanadium oxide species on the surface and the vanadyl frequency was then established. It was shown, that the vanadium oxide monomers (observed at low coverages) consist of vanadyl-terminated VO4 tetrahedra. The monomers were observed to aglomerate mostly to trimers and heptamers by coverage or temperature increase. The vanadium atoms in these species are stabilized in the oxidation state 5+ by the simultaneous reduction of cerium ions in the cerium oxide substrate from the oxidation state +4 to +3, both in oxygen atmosphere and under UHV conditions.

I mitt kandidatarbete har jag genomfört en analys av George Crumbs (1929-2022) verk VOX BALAENAE (1971) som en form av auditiv paleokonst. Paleokonst är en genre inom bildkonsten som syftar till att med hjälp av paleontologi skapa bilder av hur förhistorisk flora och fauna kan ha sett ut. Andra satsen i VOX BALAENAE är en tema- och variationssats, Crumb har namngivit variationerna efter geologiska tidsåldrar, medan de kringliggande satserna är tillägnade själva tidens början och slut. Mitt fokus ligger på att analysera och jämföra musiken med den geologiska tidsålder som den gestaltar. Syftet med min studie är att undersöka hur Crumb musikaliskt gestaltar de geologiska tidsåldrarna och att se om förståelse av detta kan hjälpa mig att tolka och framföra stycket på ett mer meningsfullt sätt. Genom att analysera Crumbs musikaliska gestaltning av tidsperioderna kan jag få en djupare förståelse av hur musiken kan användas för att gestalta historiska epoker vilket i sin tur kan ge nya insikter om kopplingar mellan vetenskap och konst. Crumb använder sig av rytmik och kopplingarmellan fraser för att gestalta evolutionen samt skapar olika klangvärldar med hjälp av instrumentering och preparering av piano för att skapa musikaliska ljudlandskap. Att analysera ett verk i noggrann detalj är inte nödvändigtvis till gagn för det slutliga framförandet. Arbetet har vållat mig stor ångest och ibland hindrat mig från att tolka materialet ur ett enbart musikaliskt perspektiv. / <p>Ljudinspelning från examenskonsert 26/5-2023</p><p>VOX BALAENAE (1971) - George Crumb (1929-2022)</p><p>Emma Eskeby - flöjt</p><p>Hedvig Bengtsson - cello</p><p>Octavian Leyva Dragomir - piano</p>

Submitted by Ana Hilda Fonseca (anahilda@ufba.br) on 2016-05-03T12:36:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese de Luiz Henrique Silva.pdf: 6975356 bytes, checksum: 6f89c76c6cbc6a200ec6763f7d465b69 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Hilda Fonseca (anahilda@ufba.br) on 2016-05-12T13:37:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese de Luiz Henrique Silva.pdf: 6975356 bytes, checksum: 6f89c76c6cbc6a200ec6763f7d465b69 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-12T13:37:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese de Luiz Henrique Silva.pdf: 6975356 bytes, checksum: 6f89c76c6cbc6a200ec6763f7d465b69 (MD5) / CAPES / Nas ultimas décadas tem sido crescente o interesse pelo estudo do comportamento de materiais em escala nanométrica. Esse interesse ocorre devido a alguns materiais apresentarem novas propriedades físico-químicas tais como óticas, magnéticas, de transporte, catalíticas, etc quando são produzidos nessa escala de tamanho. Assim, o presente trabalho foi baseado no estudo físico-químico de materiais a partir da interação de nanopartículas de ouro (Au0) com óxido de vanádio com estruturas unidimensionais, sintetizados por reações de troca e utilizando a rota sonoquímica. Na reação de troca foi escolhida como referência uma solução de NaCl, onde se constatou, pelas análises de DRX, FTIR, MEV, MET e XPS, uma substituição das moléculas de dodecilamina (CH3(CH2)10CH2NH2), presentes na região entre as camadas dos nanotubos de óxido de vanádio (NTs-VOx), por íons Na+. Enquanto que as análises por UV/Vis, DRX, MEV, MET, EDS e XPS comprovaram a formação de um material unidimensional na forma nanotubular contendo nanopartículas Au0 estabilizada em dendrímeros (NT-VOx-DEN-(Au0)), onde as nanopartículas Au0 apresentaram diâmetros homogêneos de aproximadamente 3,0 nm e monodispersas na superfície dos nanotubos. Por fim as análises por DRX, FTIR, MEV, MET e XPS dos materiais utilizando a rota sonoquímica, indicaram a formação de nanofios de óxido de vanádio NFs-VOx contendo nanopatículas Au0, sintetizadas “in situ”. Estas nanopartículas possuem tamanho médio de 9,0 nm e encontram-se agrupadas na forma de aglomerados ou “ilhas” sobre a superfície dos nanofios. / In the last decades it has been growing interest in the study of the behavior of materials at the nanometer scale. This interest is due to some materials present new properties such as optical, magnetic, transport, catalytic, etc when are produced on this scale of size. Thus, this work was based on the physical chemistry study materials from the interaction of gold nanoparticles with one-dimensional vanadium oxide, synthesized by exchange reactions and using the sonochemical route. For the exchange reaction was selected as reference NaCl solution, where it was found, from the analysis by XRD, FTIR, SEM, TEM and XPS, a substitution of dodecylamine molecules (CH3(CH2)10CH2NH2) in the region between the layers of vanadium oxide nanotube (NTs-VOx) by Na+ ions. While the analysis by UV / Vis, XRD, SEM and TEM and EDS XPS confirmed the formation of a one-dimensional on the form nanotubular material containing gold nanoparticles encapsulated in dendrimers (NTs-VOx-DEN-(Au0)) where, the gold nanoparticles presented homogeneous diameter of approximately 3.0 nm and monodispersed on the surface of nanotube. Finally the analysis by XRD, FTIR, SEM, TEM and XPS materials obtained from the sonochemical route, indicated the formation of vanadium oxide VOx nanowires NFS- containing gold nanopatículas, synthesized "in situ".

La surface foliaire des arbres est un des paramètres majeurs pour comprendre l’écosystème forestier. Par ailleurs, les données du lidar terrestre peuvent être utilisées pour estimer la surface et la distribution spatiale fine du feuillage et du bois dans la forêt. Malheureusement, ces données sont affectées par des problèmes d’occlusion et d’échantillonnage inégal. C’est pourquoi, ce projet vise à développer une méthode de normalisation des données du lidar terrestre afin de permettre une évaluation juste de la distribution 3D du matériel végétatif. Dès lors, la voxélisation du nuage de points en petits cubes élémentaires complétés par une technique d’interpolation pour les voxels trop occlus a été mise en place pour corriger ces effets. Toutefois cet ensemble de méthodes n’a jamais été vérifié, car il est très difficile de procéder à des mesures fines de distribution de la végétation in situ. Dans un premier temps, quatre maquettes qui reproduisent finement des placettes forestières d’inventaire ont été générées de manière à les comparer avec les résultats du processus de correction. Les résultats de cette première approche démontrent, que ce processus de correction permet de retrouver les profils verticaux de végétation avec plus de 90 % d’exactitude sur tous les emplacements forestiers mis à l’essai. Dans un second temps et pour appuyer ces premiers résultats, une méthode de normalisation a été expérimentée sur des nuages de points issus de forêts réelles. Cette deuxième partie de l’étude a été réalisée sur six placettes d’inventaire situées dans l’est du Québec, principalement composées de sapins et d’érables. L’objectif de ce jeu de données était de voir à quel point la méthode précédemment développée permettait de retrouver le profil de végétation de l’arbre cible avant le dégagement de la végétation occultante dans les conditions réelles. Les résultats montrent des corrélations des profils verticaux en moyenne autour de 70 % et allant jusqu’à 85 % dans le meilleur pour les profils exprimés en indice de surface foliaire, c’est-à-dire avant leur conversion en densité de surface totale (DST). Pour conclure, cette étude montre qu’il est possible de corriger significativement les biais relatifs à l’occlusion et à un échantillonnage inégal pour en déduire des profils de densité de la végétation réalistes et réutilisables. En outre, plusieurs défis restent à relever dans la quantification du matériel végétal à partir de l’utilisation du lidar en forêt. Par exemple, en développant des algorithmes d’interpolation capables de compenser la perte d’information quand la végétation ne laisse passer aucun rayon du lidar ou en améliorant l’estimation du feuillage en fonction des différentes espèces d’arbres.

This dissertation analyzes the (de)construction of gender and nation through animal symbols in Franco’s Spain. The project explores, first, a web of miscellaneous discourses articulated around the official bestiary rhetoric that serve in the composition of uniform gender models tailor-made for the virile totalitarian state. The selection of texts presented is eclectic, both in its nature and form. It encompasses a wide repertoire of multi-media discourses (i.e., scientific, religious, legal, educational, political, commercial, humorous and popular) presented visually (movies, posters, comics, cartoons, flags, advertisements, logotypes), aurally (songs, harangues, sermons, speeches, radio programs) and in the written form (literary excerpts, newspapers, magazines, medical and religious treatises, conduct manuals, epistles), and whose aim is, ultimately, to illustrate the dissemination and scope of zoomorphic images in the representation of nation and gender during the Francoist dictatorship. Apart from providing a panoramic view of the gendered fauna, these historical documents will also serve as the unifying thread to unravel the complexities of several censored artistic productions that cunningly resort to the prevailing bestial iconography to attack the androcentric state. By focusing on the animalized portrayals of the female characters of la Gata [the She-Cat] in Margarita Alexandre and Rafael María Torrecilla’s movie La gata (1956), la Loba [the She-wolf] in Rafael de León, Andrés Moles and Manuel López Quiroga’s copla “La Loba” (1960), and the surrealistic centaur woman Albina in Ana María Moix’s novel Walter, ¿por qué te fuiste? (1973), this work attempts to illustrate the co-existence of a counter discourse able to re-define the monolithic pillars of gender and nation upon which the Francoist regime was constructed. Finally, to highlight the relevance of animal symbolism in the formation of concepts of gender and nation, this dissertation notes a similar deployment of the Francoist bestiary rhetoric in the nationalist discourse of the far-right Spanish political party VOX (2013-present).

VOX developed out of the largest right-wing party, Partido Popular, and has since the announcement of their candidature 2013, acquired an increasingly stable support from the voters. Since the election 2018 they became the third biggest party in Spain. One of the core elements of VOX´s political discourse is the term Reconquista. Essentially this term is a historic religious term denoting the successive elimination of Muslim occupied area on the Iberian Peninsula and have through the Spanish history constituted a part of the Spanish identity and still do. This is the subject that I address in this paper, using a critical discourse analysis, I´ve examined how VOX interpret and use the term Reconquista on social media. The material used for this paper is constituted of three Instagram posts and three Youtube videos.   The results show that VOX interpret the term Reconquista as a source for the “true” Spanish identity. The analysis identified three themes that constitutes VOXS´s interpretation of the Reconquista, namely, the significance of places in the material, two contrasting world concepts, and lastly, War.  Through this interpretation VOX uses the term Reconquista as scale to construct a subjective “we” and “them” scenario. The term Reconquista is also used as a yardstick to measure how Spanish an entity is.