De multiples auteurs de la discipline infirmière réclament la valeur inestimable de la relation de caring et de ses bienfaits pour la clientèle nécessitant des soins et services de réadaptation. En dépit de cette importance, la recherche concernant les bienfaits thérapeutiques de la relation de caring pour la clientèle de réadaptation demeure encore un domaine peu exploité. Actuellement, aucune étude scientifique québécoise, canadienne ou internationale, issue de la discipline infirmière, ne porte sur la compréhension de l’expérience d’« être avec » la personne soignée dans un contexte de réadaptation, aspect qui s’avère central à la relation de caring selon Watson. Au cœur même de la philosophie du Human Caring de Watson, la présente étude vise à explorer, par des entrevues qualitatives auprès de 17 infirmières oeuvrant en contexte de réadaptation, la signification de l’expérience d « être avec » la personne soignée, de même que leur perception de la contribution de cette expérience à la réadaptation de la personne soignée. Cinquante et une entrevues, c’est-à-dire trois entrevues réalisées pour chaque participant de recherche, ont été analysées à l’aide de la méthode phénoménologique intitulée « Relational Caring Inquiry » développée par Cara (1997). Le processus de recrutement des participants a impliqué la direction des soins infirmiers des deux centres de réadaptation ciblés par l’étude. Une attention particulière a été mise afin de favoriser une diversité de participants (par exemple : genre, niveau éducationnel, quart de travail, unité de soins). Le processus d’analyse des données a permis la découverte de cinq eidos-thèmes. Parmi ces eidos-thèmes, quatre se rapportent à la signification de l’expérience d’«être avec» la personne soignée (première question de recherche), à savoir : (a) l’importance des valeurs humanistes au centre du soin, (b) l’investissement de l’infirmière et de la personne soignée, (c) les dimensions réciproque et relationnelle du soin et, finalement, (d) l’expérience de soin irremplaçable d’une complexité contextuelle. De façon plus détaillée, le premier eidos-thème dévoile les fondements humanistes à la base de l’expérience d’« être avec » la personne soignée. Le deuxième manifeste l’implication substantielle de l’infirmière et de la personne soignée. Le troisième eidos-thème met en lumière la réciprocité et la dimension relationnelle comme étant des éléments centraux à l’expérience d’« être avec » la personne soignée. Le quatrième eidos-thème documente les natures fondamentale et complexe de cette expérience de soin unique, de même que les conditions contextuelles qui la facilitent et la contraignent. Le cinquième et dernier eidos-thème ayant émergé de la présente étude, « rehaussement de l’harmonie corps-âme-esprit chez la personne soignée et l’infirmière », illustre la perception des participantes quant à la contribution thérapeutique de l’expérience d’« être avec » la personne soignée à la réadaptation de cette dernière (deuxième question de recherche). Cette contribution se situe en termes de répondre aux besoins du patient, d’optimiser les progrès de réadaptation de la personne soignée, de promouvoir le niveau de bien-être de la personne soignée et de l’infirmière et, finalement, de hausser la croissance intérieure des personnes engagées dans cette expérience de soin extraordinaire. La reconnaissance des cinq eidos-thèmes a favorisé l’émergence de l’essence universelle du phénomène à l’étude qui s’intitule « la rencontre humaine profonde, thérapeutique et transformatrice ». La présente étude contribue de façon novatrice au développement des connaissances, notamment en permettant une meilleure compréhension de ce que signifie l’expérience d’« être avec » la personne soignée, pour des infirmières en réadaptation et en proposant une multitude de résultats probants pouvant servir de guide à la promulgation de soins infirmiers en contexte de réadaptation. En déterminant la signification ontologique de cette expérience de soin, la présente étude permet de préciser la place du phénomène d’« être avec » la personne soignée au centre de la théorie du caring. Ces résultats qui découlent de la deuxième question de recherche participent au développement initial d’un corpus de connaissances. Ces résultats probants serviront de guide au renouvellement de la pratique infirmière en contexte de réadaptation. De plus, en identifiant les bienfaits de cette expérience de soin, la présente étude reconnaît l’élément au cœur de la relation transpersonnelle de caring, qui contribue à rehausser l’harmonie corps-âme-esprit chez la personne soignée et l’infirmière. En plus de la clinique, des recommandations au niveau de la formation et de la recherche en sciences infirmières découlent de la présente étude. / Several nursing authors acknowledge the essential value of the caring relationship and its benefits for the rehabilitation clientele. In spite of this importance, the therapeutic benefits of the caring relationship for this clientele remain an unexamined area. Currently, no Quebec, Canadian or international scientific nursing study is concerned with understanding the experience to « be with » the person being cared for in a rehabilitation context, which is central to the caring relationship according to Watson. Inspired by Watson’s Human Caring philosophy, this study aims to investigate, by qualitative interviews with seventeen rehabilitation nurses, the meaning of the experience to « be with » the person being cared for, as well as their perception of the contribution of this experience to the person’s rehabilitation. Fifty one interviews, therefore three interviews for every research participant, were analyzed using the « phenomenological » method entitled « Relational Caring Inquiry » developed by Cara (1997). The process of participant recruitment involved the nursing management team of both rehabilitation centres targeted by the study. A variety of participants was favoured (e.g.: gender, educational level, shift worked, and patient care unit). The process of data analysis allowed the discovery of five eidos-themes. Among these eidos-themes, four refer to the meaning of the experience to « be with » the person cared for (first research question), namely: (a) the importance of humanistic values at the core of the care, (b) the investment of the nurse and the person cared for, (c) the reciprocal and relational care dimensions and finally, (d) the irreplaceable care experience of contextual complexity. In more detail, the first eidos-theme reveals the humanistic basis of the experience to « be with » the cared person. The second expresses the substantial implication of the nurse and the person cared for. The third eidos-theme clarifies the reciprocity and relational dimension as being central elements of the experience to « be with » the person cared for. The fourth eidos-theme documents fundamental and complex origins of this unique care experience, as well as the contextual conditions which facilitate and impede it. The fifth and last eidos-theme emerging from this study, « strengthening the mind-body-spirit harmony of the person cared for and the nurse », illustrates the participants’ perception regarding the therapeutic contribution of the experience to « be with » the person cared (second research question). This contribution meets the patient’s needs, optimizes the rehabilitation progress of the person cared for, promotes the level of well being of the person cared for and the nurse and finally, raises the inner growth of the people engaged in this extraordinary care experience. The recognition of these five eidos-themes supports the emergence of the universal essence of the phenomenon being studied which is entitled « the profound, therapeutic, and transformative human relationship ». The present study contributes, in an innovative way, to knowledge development, in particular by allowing a better understanding of the meaning of rehabilitation nurses’ experience to « be with » the patient, and advancing evidence-based results to be used as a guide for the development of nursing care in the context of rehabilitation. By determining the ontological meaning of this care experience, the present study makes it possible to specify the place of the phenomenon to « be with » the patient as being central to the caring theory. The results arising from the second research question contribute to the development of a body of knowledge. These evidence-based results will be used to guide the renewal of nursing practice in the context of rehabilitation. Moreover, by identifying the benefits of this care experience, the present study recognizes the element at the heart of transpersonal caring relationship, which contributes to mind-body-spirit harmony for both, the person cared for and the nurse. This study also proposes recommendations for education and research in nursing sciences.

No description available.

Emendatio vitae was the most widely copied of all Richard Rolle’s writings in fourteenth and fifteenth-century England, and yet in modern scholarship this important work and its early audience have received comparatively little scholarly attention. My aim has been to address this lacuna by producing an edition of one of the seven Middle English translations of the text - Amendinge of Lyf - with notes and glossary. In an introductory study I adopt a dual focus: Rolle’s intended audience, and the actual early readers of this particular Middle English translation. Firstly, I conclude that Rolle may have intended Emendatio vitae as a work of ‘pastoralia’, for secular priests, and therefore with a wider audience of the laity also in mind. This being the case, it demonstrates that the adaptation of traditionally eremitic contemplative writings for a general audience, so widespread in the fifteenth-century, was already stirring in Rolle’s day. Secondly, I look in detail at a specific crosssection of Rolle’s early readership: a translator, several scribes and correctors, and other early readers and owners. The striking thing about this segment of the text’s reception is its breadth, including a priest, a number of prominent lay women and men, and by the end of the fifteenth-century also Dominican and Benedictine nuns.

The philosophical literature on akrasia and/or weakness of the will tends to focus on individual actions, removed from their wider socio-political context. This is problematic because actions, when removed from their wider context, can seem absurd or irrational when they may, in fact, be completely rational or, at least, coherent. Much of akrasia's apparent mystery or absurdity is eliminated when people's behaviours are considered within their cultural and political context. I apply theories from the social and behavioural sciences to a particular behaviour in order to show where the philosophical literature on akrasia and/or weakness of the will is insightful and where it is lacking. The problem used as the basis for my analysis is obesity caused by overeating. On the whole, I conclude that our intuitions about agency are unreliable, that we may have good reasons to overeat and/or neglect our health, and that willpower is, to some degree, a matter of luck. / Graduate / 0630 / 0573 / 0422 / felshereeno@aol.com

This by-practice project is the first to provide an extensive investigation of the marginalisation of era appropriate science (EAS) and professional investigators by detective and historical detective fiction authors. The purpose of the thesis is to analyse specific detective fiction authors from the earliest formats of the nineteenth century through to the 1990s and contemporary, selected historical detective fiction authors. Its aim is to examine the creation, development and perpetuation of the marginalisation tradition. This generic trend can be read as the authors privileging their detective’s innate skillset, metonymic connectivity and deductive abilities, while underplaying and belittling EAS and professional investigators. Chapter One establishes the project’s critique of the generic trend by considering parental authors, E. T. A Hoffmann, Edgar Allan Poe, Émile Gaboriau and Wilkie Collins. Reading how these authors instigated and purposed the downplaying demonstrates its founding within detective fiction at the earliest point. By comparing how the authors sidelined and omitted specific EAS and professional investigators, alongside science available at the time, this thesis provides a framework for examining how it continued in detective fiction. In following chapters, the framework established in Chapter One and the theoretical views of Charles Rzepka, Lee Horsley, Stephen Knight and Martin Priestman, are used to discuss how minimising EAS and professional investigators developed into a tradition; and became a generic trend in the recognised detective fiction formula that was used by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, Freeman Wills Crofts, H. C. Bailey, R. Austin Freeman, Agatha Christie, Ruth Rendell and P. D. James. I then examine how the device transferred to historical detective fiction, using the framework to consider Ellis Peters, Umberto Eco and other selected contemporary authors of historical detective fiction. Throughout, the critical aspect considers how the trivialisation developed and perpetuated through a generic trend. The research concludes that there is a trend embedded within detective and historical detective fiction. One that was created, developed and perpetuated by authors to augment their fictional detective’s innate skillset and to help produce narratives using it is a creative process. It further concludes that the trend can be reimagined to plausibly use EAS and professional investigators in detective and historical detective fiction. The aim of the creative aspect of the project is to employ the research and demonstrate how the tradition can be successfully reinterpreted. To do so, the historical detective fiction novel A Hidden Life uses traditional features of the detective fiction formula to support and strengthen plausible EAS and professional investigators within the narrative. The end result is a historical detective fiction novel. One that proves the thesis conclusion and is fundamentally crafted by the critical research.