Esta pesquisa tem em sua linha principal a avaliação da infraestrutura da via permanente dos sistemas de transporte público urbano sobre trilhos. A avaliação é alcançada a partir da proposta de utilização de um sistema de gerência de pavimentos (SGP), aliado a um sistema de informações geográficas (SIG) e a um banco de dados relacional que suporte operações geográficas. O trabalho também sugere um conjunto de indicadores, para o gerenciamento da manutenção da via permanente. A pesquisa foi realizada a partir de uma pesquisa bibliográfica extensa sobre os assuntos relacionados para identificar soluções semelhantes que tenham sido implantadas. A pesquisa bibliográfica não identificou nenhum trabalho que tenha abordado este tema voltado ao transporte público urbano sobre trilhos, contudo foram identificadas linhas de pesquisa voltadas ao transporte de carga que compartilham do mesmo objetivo, utilizar um SIG para a gerência do ativo. Também foram identificados sistemas de suporte a decisão para ferrovias, sem o módulo de informações geográficas. A utilização de modelos de degradação, análise do ciclo de vida e análise de confiabilidade, disponibilidade, manutenabilidade e segurança são usadas, e estudadas, com relativa frequência na literatura especializada, usando a ferrovia como exemplo de aplicação. Os resultados alcançados por esses estudos foram incorporados nesta pesquisa. A partir de um método qualitativo o SIG e o banco de dados relacional foram escolhidos. Os indicadores de manutenção foram estudados e escolhidos a partir da literatura e experiência do autor. Utilizando (i) dados de operação e manutenção de um sistema de transporte metroferroviário, (ii) os resultados dos trabalhos identificados na pesquisa bibliográfica e (iii) o referencial teórico consultado, foram calculados os tempos médios entre falhas, a evolução de degradação de componentes da via permanente e o intervalo adequado de manutenção, utilizando recursos do banco de dados. Estes cálculos serviram de entrada para elaboração de mapas temáticos. Os mapas temáticos contêm informações sobre o nível de degradação da via e quais as manutenções a serem realizadas. O sistema também fornece os custos envolvidos em cada uma das operações de manutenção. Estas informações são primordiais para que o gestor do ativo possa escolher a opção que apresente o melhor custo-benefício, com base em informações apuradas, melhorando a qualidade de sua decisão. / This research has the goal assess the permanent way infrastructure of urban public transport systems on rails. This assessment is result of a proposal to use a pavement management system (PMS), coupled with a geographic information system (GIS) and a relational database that supports geographical operations. The research also suggests a set of indicators for the management of the maintenance of the permanent way. The survey ran from an extensive literature to identify similar solutions deployed. The literature review did not identify any work that has addressed this issue back to urban public transport on rails. Were identified lines of research aimed at cargo transport that shares the same goal, using a GIS for asset management. In addition, decision support systems have been identified for railways, without geographical information module. It is easy to find use of degradation patterns, life cycle analysis and reliability analysis, availability, maintainability and safety in the literature, using the railway as example. The results achieved by these studies were included in this study. From a qualitative method, GIS and relational database were chosen. Maintenance indicators were chosen using the literature and the author\'s experience as basis. Data operation and maintenance of a metro system, the results of the work identified in the literature and a technical and theoretical framework from literature served as line to calculate the mean time between failures, the rate of degradation of permanent way components and the appropriate maintenance period. These calculations served as input in database for the preparation of thematic maps in the GIS. Thematic maps contain information about the track degradation level and the maintenance needed to be performed. The system also provides the costs of each maintenance step. The information generated by the system can help the manager to choose the option with best tradeoff, improving the decision quality.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:36:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose Dias Paschoal Neto-3.pdf: 22710753 bytes, checksum: d77ca7a8e7c3987cd4008fdd56006ba1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-26 / The terrestrial digital TV launched in Brazil, on the night of December 2nd 2007 in S?o Paulo, without the main features: multiprogramming (more channels), portability and mobility (signal within mobile phones and receivers in movement) and mainly, interaction. Consequence of a disturbing process that resulted in the use of japans model, in June 2006, the fact of the digital TV arriving as TV of the "may be", doesn t eliminate your potentials. Studying your resources on the perspective of breaking a paradigm of the unique direction impost by the analogical model of transmission of signals and researching how interactive ness will impact new flows of productive information, dissemination and recovery of information from this new media are the objectives of this work, which uses the documental research, the direct, intensive and exploratory comments, the qualitative analysis, among others, as the methodological procedures. The science information, with a multidisciplinary characteristic and that has within the recovery information your historical roots, is the referenced field of study. The perspective of the viewers interacting with the information in the TV, permitting even, to produce or generate content, the social cycle of information, proposed by Le Coadic, is studied as the model applied in the new paradigms of digital TV. The work takes as basis the new paradigms of information to study the construction of interactive contents and inclusive the addition of integrated knowledge in a collaborative job. In this context, I highlight the university and their television, in special, as the place to experiment new contents developed in the convergence of the medias, the technologies and the addition of new diverse professional competences. / A TV Digital terrestre brasileira estreou na noite de dois de dezembro de 2007, em S?o Paulo, sem nenhum dos seus principais recursos: multiprograma??o (mais canais), portabilidade e mobilidade (sinal em celulares e receptores em movimento) e, principalmente, a interatividade. Conseq??ncia de um pol?mico processo que resultou na ado??o do padr?o japon?s, em junho de 2006, o fato de a TV Digital chegar como a TV do pode ser , n?o elimina suas potencialidades. Estudar seus recursos na perspectiva da quebra do paradigma da unidirecionalidade imposta pelo modelo anal?gico de transmiss?o de sinais e pesquisar como a interatividade vai impactar nos fluxos informacionais da produ??o, dissemina??o e recupera??o da informa??o nessa nova m?dia, ? o foco deste trabalho, que utiliza como procedimentos metodol?gicos, a pesquisa documental, as observa??es diretas, intensivas, explorat?rias e a an?lise qualitativa, entre outros. A Ci?ncia da Informa??o, como ci?ncia de caracter?stica multidisciplinar e que tem na recupera??o da informa??o, suas ra?zes hist?ricas, ? o campo referencial de estudo. Na perspectiva do telespectador interagir com a informa??o na TV, chegando, at? mesmo, a produzir e gerar conte?do, o Ciclo Social da Informa??o, proposto por Le Coadic, ? estudado como modelo que se aplica aos novos paradigmas da TV Digital. O trabalho toma como base os novos paradigmas da informa??o para estudar a constru??o de conte?dos televisivos interativos e inclusivos a partir de conheceres integrados num trabalho colaborativo. Nesse contexto, aponta-se a Universidade e as TVs Universit?rias, em especial, como espa?o para a experimenta??o de novos conte?dos desenvolvidos na converg?ncia das m?dias e das tecnologias e na somat?ria de compet?ncias profissionais diversas. O resgate hist?rico da TV PUC-Campinas e sua a evolu??o tecnol?gica s?o tomadas como refer?ncia no processo de migra??o do anal?gico para o digital.

Recently, cooperative relay networks have emerged as an attractive communications technique that can generate a new form of spatial diversity which is known as cooperative diversity, that can enhance system reliability without sacrificing the scarce bandwidth resource or consuming more transmit power. To achieve cooperative diversity single-antenna terminals in a wireless relay network typically share their antennas to form a virtual antenna array on the basis of their distributed locations. As such, the same diversity gains as in multi-input multi-output systems can be achieved without requiring multiple-antenna terminals. However, there remain technical challenges to maximize the benefit of cooperative communications, e.g. data rate, asynchronous transmission, interference and outage. Therefore, the focus of this thesis is to exploit cooperative relay networks within two-way transmission schemes. Such schemes have the potential to double the data rate as compared to one-way transmission schemes. Firstly, a new approach to two-way cooperative communications via extended distributed orthogonal space-time block coding (E-DOSTBC) based on phase rotation feedback is proposed with four relay nodes. This scheme can achieve full cooperative diversity and full transmission rate in addition to array gain. Then, distributed orthogonal space-time block coding (DOSTBC) is applied within an asynchronous two-way cooperative wireless relay network using two relay nodes. A parallel interference cancelation (PIC) detection scheme with low structural and computational complexity is applied at the terminal nodes in order to overcome the effect of imperfect synchronization among the cooperative relay nodes. Next, a DOSTBC scheme based on cooperative orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) type transmission is proposed for flat fading channels which can overcome imperfect synchronization in the network. As such, this technique can effectively cope with the effects of fading and timing errors. Moreover, to increase the end-to-end data rate, a closed-loop EDOSTBC approach using through a three-time slot framework is proposed. A full interference cancelation scheme with OFDM and cyclic prefix type transmission is used in a two-hop cooperative four relay network with asynchronism in the both hops to achieve full data rate and completely cancel the timing error. The topic of outage probability analysis in the context of multi-relay selection for one-way cooperative amplify and forward networks is then considered. Local measurements of the instantaneous channel conditions are used to select the best single and best two relays from a number of available relays. Asymptotical conventional polices are provided to select the best single and two relays from a number of available relays. Finally, the outage probability of a two-way amplify and forward relay network with best and Mth relay selection is analyzed. The relay selection is performed either on the basis of a max-min strategy or one based on maximizing exact end-to-end signal-to-noise ratio. MATLAB and Maple software based simulations are employed throughout the thesis to support the analytical results and assess the performance of new algorithms and methods.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T16:17:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Deliane.pdf: 857472 bytes, checksum: b43dea93d0410ec8a8f6a93a4df5060a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-04-09 / This research analysis the relationship between State and Civil Society after the nonstate- owned insertion was announced by Director Plan of State Machine Reform, in 1995. To show our objective, as the public, non-state-owned sector, we will discuss the administration reform of Brazilian's State, with regard to transferring to the non public sector, normal operations that were the State s obligation before. To comprehend the reasoning of the public non-state-owned sector, it is based on Bresser Pereira and Anthony Giddens; and, trys to identify the diffusion of a new relationship between State and Civil Society. We propose to demonstrate that the public non-state-owned sector is an experiment to support one social project, that wants to maintain the capitalist process development, from a new concept of Civil Society, and, therefore, from other intervention of social area. We intend to show evidence that the public non-state-owned sector defends it s necessity for the Civil Society to take out the rights conquered by social movement. To be a collaborator in the insertion of this social project by the active involvement of people who bet on democratic potential of social foundations and Non-State-Owned Organizations. This research pretends to get the attention of the public non-stated-owned sector, which is a representation of common people who want to transform the society, split in class, into one harmonic and integrated society that works to commons objectives. We try to present the objectives of Director Plan of State Machine Reform, with regard to the public non-state-owned sector, are related to third way presuppose, cause. Both want to broadcast a new relationship between State and Civil Society, with the Civil Society ceasing to fight for your benefits and rights, and to go work in a cooperating regime with State, ensuring the domination and the class exploration. / O presente estudo trata da análise da relação entre o Estado e a Sociedade Civil após a inserção do público não-estatal anunciado no Plano Diretor da Reforma do Aparelho do Estado, em 1995. Com o intuito de vislumbrar nosso objeto, o setor público não-estatal, discutimos a reforma administrativa do Estado brasileiro no que concerne a transferência para o setor privado das funções antes exclusivas do Estado. Buscamos compreender os argumentos que fundamentam o público nãoestatal, sobretudo, os defendidos por Bresser Pereira e Anthony Giddens; e procuramos identificar a difusão de uma nova relação entre o Estado e a Sociedade Civil. Nosso pressuposto consiste em demonstrar que o setor público não-estatal reside numa tentativa de sustentar um projeto societal que visa manter o processo de desenvolvimento capitalista, a partir de um novo conceito de Sociedade Civil e, portanto, a partir de outras formas de intervenção na área social. Temos evidenciado que para os defensores do setor público não-estatal é de fundamental importância que a sociedade civil não apenas deixe para trás a luta por seus direitos conquistados por meio dos movimentos sociais, mas que a mesma também possa colaborar na inserção desse projeto societal pelo envolvimento ativo de pessoas que de uma maneira ou de outra possam apostar no potencial democratizante das diversas fundações sociais e Organizações Não Governamentais (ONGs). O estudo pretende chamar a atenção para o papel do setor público não-estatal, que partindo de uma representação de bem comum, procura transformar a sociedade cindida em classes em um todo harmônico e integrado em prol de objetivos comuns. Buscamos apresentar também que os objetivos do Plano Diretor de Reforma do Aparelho do Estado, no que concerne ao setor público não-estatal, estão relacionados com os pressupostos da terceira via, pois ambos procuram difundir uma nova relação entre Estado e Sociedade Civil, por meio da qual, a Sociedade Civil deixa de lutar por benefícios e por direitos, e passa a atuar em regime de cooperação com o Estado, colaborando e assegurando a dominação e a exploração de classe.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T16:32:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Osmarina_ Garcia.pdf: 2444640 bytes, checksum: bb0fc20ecfd6367dce2985afacf8a24d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-03 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Lately, much has been studied and discussed in the academic and business worlds for Knowledge Management and the interaction between tacit and explicit knowledge. In the quest to find out the trapping of people in organizations, this study aimed mainly to investigate which factor(s) of knowledge management by tacit route and/or explicit are crucial in retaining professionals in a company of furniture industry. In the methodology, it was used exploratory research to conduct a survey with quali-quantitative approach. The data were collected between June to August 2014, in a furniture industry located in Francisco Beltrão - PR. Data collection was conducted through a questionnaire administered to 224 employees of administrative, industrial and commercial, distributed according to their positions in: 11 managers, 44 sectors chargers and 169 operational workers. The Likert scale was the mean of detecting the frequency of the opinions of the employees that answered the research. To provide greater consistency to the conclusions, the data were analyzed statistically, using the Multivariate Analysis. It was applied the techniques of Principal Component Analysis and Factor Analysis, separately for the tacit and explicit way to identify the relationship between the factors of both pathways through indexes. Subsequently, it was used the techniques Correspondence Analysis and Canonical Correlation Analysis to measure the association between tacit via versus service time and explicit via versus service time (present company and position). It was also elaborated a contingency table for variables: group 1 - age, gender, education level, area and position with the group 2 - length of service in the current position and length of service in the company, through the Chi-square test. Statistical analyzes have been made in the free software R. It was found that among these hypotheses, the confirmed one was: knowledge management is a determining factor in retaining professionals to the organization by the tacit and explicit way. In seeking the association between groups formed by similar questionnaire answers with the group 1 (social factors) and group 2 (service time), found that the explicit route has more influence on employee retention by the factors: selection policies, remuneration policies, benefits policies, training systems, performance evaluation, promotion systems in career and job title. Only the recruitment policies factor exerts no influence on employee retention. For tacit way, the greatest influence is on the factors: management leadership and interpersonal skills. Therefore, it is concluded that both pathways influence the retention of employees of the company searched. / Ultimamente muito se tem pesquisado e discutido nos meios acadêmicos e empresarial em relação a Gestão do Conhecimento e a interação entre o conhecimento tácito e explícito. Na busca para descobrir o que determina a retenção das pessoas nas organizações, este trabalho teve como objetivo central, investigar qual(is) fator(es) da gestão do conhecimento pela via tácita e/ou explícita são determinantes na retenção dos profissionais em uma empresa do ramo moveleiro. Na metodologia, utilizou-se de pesquisa exploratória para realizar um levantamento com abordagem quali-quantitativa. Os dados foram coletados no período de junho a agosto de 2014, em uma indústria de móveis localizada na cidade de Francisco Beltrão - PR. A coleta foi realizada por meio de um questionário aplicado a 224 funcionários das áreas administrativa, industrial e comercial, distribuídos conforme seus cargos em: 11 gerentes, 44 encarregados de setores e 169 trabalhadores operacionais. A escala de Likert foi o meio de detectar a frequência das opiniões dos funcionários respondentes da pesquisa. Para proporcionar maior consistência às conclusões, os dados foram submetidos a tratamento estatístico, utilizando-se da Análise Multivariada. Foram aplicadas as técnicas de Análise de Componentes Principais e Análise Fatorial, separadamente para a via tácita e explícita para identificar a relação existente entre os fatores de ambas as vias por meio de índices. Posteriormente, utilizou-se das técnicas Análise de Correspondência e Análise de Correlação Canônica para medir a associação entre via tácita versus tempo de serviço e via explícita versus tempo de serviço (cargo atual e empresa). Elaborou-se também uma tabela de contingência para relacionar as variáveis: grupo 1 idade, gênero, grau de escolaridade, área e cargo com o grupo 2 tempo de serviço no cargo atual e tempo de serviço na empresa, por meio do Teste Qui-Quadrado. As análises estatísticas foram elaboradas no software livre R. Constatou-se que dentre as hipóteses levantadas, a confirmada foi: a gestão do conhecimento é fator determinante na retenção de profissionais para a organização pelas vias tácita e explícita. Ao buscar a associação entre grupos formados pelas respostas similares do questionário com o grupo 1 (fatores sociais) e grupo 2 (tempo de serviço), verificou que a via explícita exerce maior influência na retenção do funcionário pelos fatores: políticas de seleção, políticas de remuneração, políticas de benefícios, sistemas de treinamento, avaliação de desempenho, sistemas de promoção na carreira e cargo. Apenas o fator políticas de recrutamento não exerce influência na retenção dos funcionários. Para a via tácita, a maior influência está nos fatores: gestão de líderes e relacionamento interpessoal. Portanto, conclui-se que ambas as vias exercem influência na retenção dos funcionários da empresa pesquisada.

Past research has shown that dialogic communication has essential characteristics that foster two-way communication between organizations and their stakeholders. This study investigates how public relations firms incorporate the principles of dialogic communication on their websites. The top and bottom 50 websites from the Holmes report on Top 250 Global PR agency rankings were content analyzed. Kent and Taylor’s (1998, 2003) five principles of dialogic communication were applied to find out if public relations firms incorporate the principle of dialogic communication effectively on their websites, provide relevant information for stakeholders and prospective clients, and if there are differences between PR rankings in terms of website usability and the dialogic loop. Findings reveal that bottom 50 PR websites are not as dialogic as the top 50 PR websites. In addition, the study revealed that both top and bottom to a considerable extent incorporated the principles of dialogic communication.

Cette thèse porte sur certaines extensions des automates pondérés, et étudie les séries qu’ils réalisent en fonction de la nature des poids.Ces extensions se distinguent par les mouvements supplémentaires autorisés à la tête de lecture de l’automate : retour au début du mot pour les automates circulaires, changement de sens de lecture pour les automates boustrophédons.Dans le cas général, les automates pondérés circulaires sont plus puissants que les automates unidirectionnels classiques, et moins puissants que les boustrophédons.On introduit de plus les expressions de Hadamard, qui sont une extension des expressions rationnelles et qui permettent de dénoter le comportement des automates circulaires. Les aspects algorithmiques de cette conversion sont étudiés dans le cas où les poids appartiennent à un semi-anneau rationnellement additif.On montre que lorsque les poids sont des nombres rationnels, réels ou complexes, les automates circulaires sont aussi expressifs que les boustrophédons.Enfin, si les poids forment un bi-monoïde localement fini, les automates boustrophédons ne sont pas plus expressifs que les automates pondérés classsiques. / This thesis deals with some extensions of weighted automata,and studies the series they can realisedepending on the nature of their weigths.These extensions are characterised by howthe input head of the automaton is allowed to move:rotating automata can go back at the beginning of the word,and two-way automata can change the reading direction.In the general setting, weigthed rotating automata are morepowerful than classical one-way automata, and less powerfulthan two-way ones.Moreover, we introduce Hadamard expressions,which are an extension of rational expressions and can denotethe behaviour of rotating automata.The algorithms for this conversion are studied when the weights belong toa rationally additive semiring.Then, rotating automata are shown as expressive as two-way automatain the case of rational, real or complex numbers.It is also proved that two-way and one-way automataare equivalent when weighted on a locally finite bimonoid.

PERFORMANCE-BASED ANALYSIS OF A REINFORCED CONCRETE SHEAR WALL BUILDING Garrett Richard Hagen In this thesis, a special reinforced concrete shear wall building was designed per ASCE 7-05, and then the performance was investigated using the four analysis procedures outlined in ASCE 41-06. The proposed building was planned as a 6-story office building in San Francisco, CA. The structural system consisted of a two-way flat plate and reinforced concrete columns for gravity loads and slender structural walls for seismic loads. The mathematical building models utilized recommendations from ASCE 41-06 and first-principle mechanics. Moment-curvature analysis and fiber cross-section elements were used in developing the computer models for the nonlinear procedures. The results for the analysis procedures showed that the building met the Basic Safety Objective as defined in ASCE 41-06. The performance levels for the nonlinear procedures showed better building performance than for the linear procedures. This paper addresses previously found data for similar studies which used steel special moment frames, special concentric braced frames, and buckling restrained braced frames for their primary lateral systems. The results showcase expected seismic performance levels for a commercial office building designed in a high seismicity region with varying structural systems and when using different analysis procedures. Keywords: reinforced concrete structural walls, shear walls, performance-based analysis, ETABS, Perform-3D, flat plate, two-way slab.

Récemment, les constructeurs automobiles se sont intéressés au développement des catalyseurs appelés quatre voies, destinés à diminuer simultanément les émissions polluantes des moteurs diesels par l'intermédiaire d'un seul monolithe catalytique. Dans cet objectif, plusieurs études ont montré que la capacité de stockage des NOx de ces catalyseurs est inhibée par la présence de suies. Les travaux présentés dans ce manuscrit s'inscrivent dans la compréhension des phénomènes en cause. Les résultats obtenus montrent que la présence de noir de carbone entraîne une diminution de la stabilité des nitrates adsorbés par les systèmes catalytiques étudiés et, ainsi, de leur capacité de stockage des NOx. Ce phénomène a été attribué à une réduction des espèces nitrates adsorbées à la surface des matériaux par les particules de carbone adjacentes. La présence d'une particule Pt à proximité d'un site de carbone favorise la formation de complexes oxygénés de surface, limitant l'effet réducteur du carbone envers les nitrates adsorbés. La perte de capacité d'adsorption des NOx des catalyseurs étudiés, observée lors de leur mise en contact avec du noir de carbone, s'est révélée irréversible à l'issue de l'oxydation du carbone. La caractérisation des matériaux par microscopie à transmission (MET) a révélé une modification importante de la structure des matériaux. Un frittage des particules de platine et une modification de la structure des particules de Ba entraînent en effet la perte irréversible de l'activité des matériaux vis-à-vis de l'adsorption des NOx. / Recently, car manufacturers have developed "4 way" catalytic converters in order to couple hydrocarbon and CO oxidation, soot combustion and DeNOx fonctions on a single monolith. Several studies showed that the NOx storage capacity of NSR catalysts is reduced in the presence of soot. The aim of this work is to investigate the effect of carbon­ NSR catalyst contact on the ability of the catalyst to store NOx. The results show that the presence of carbon black in the catalytic bed involves a decrease of adsorbed nitrates stability and of the NOx storage capacity of materials. It is proposed that the proximity of the carbon particles and NOx adsorbents sites leads to a reduction of the stored nitrates species. The decrease of the NOx storage capacity is Jess important when platinum is present in the catalytic material composition. In agreement with previous studies on the catalytic combustion of soot, it is suggested that platinum increases the number of surface-oxygen complexes -C(O), which thus led to a decrease in the reducing character of carbon. Our study reveals that the deactivation of the NOx storage activity due to carbon-catalyst contact is an irreversible phenomena, and thus even when all carbon is burnt. Characterization of materials by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that sintering of the platinum particles and a structural modification of the barium particles occurs after that the catalysts was in contact with carbon. The decrease in the NOx storage activity of the materials is then assigned to a lesser proximity of the oxidizing sites (Pt) and adsorption sites (Al or Ba).

The purpose of this study was to gather information from Project Lead The Way (PLTW) partnership team experts. This project follows the methodology of a modified Delphi study. A review of literature in the areas of curriculum development, pre-college engineering, and the Delphi research technique provided the background for the structure utilized. Top programs from across the country were questioned to identify and come to a consensus on top components essential to developing and utilizing a successful PLTW partnership team. The components were categorized into two lists: effective practices utilized to make a program successful and effective practices employed by team coordinators to make a leadership team successful. The initial information provided was revised through the blind collaboration of 17 experts. Information gathered between each revision was coded and analyzed to achieve two final lists.