The use of distributed systems, involving multiple components, has become a common industry practice. However, modeling the behaviour of such systems is a challenge, especially when the behavior consists of several collaborations of different parties, each involving possibly several starting (input) and ending (output) events of the involved components. Furthermore, the global behavior should be described as a composition of several sub-behaviours, in the following called collaborations, and each collaboration may be further decomposed into several sub-collaborations. We assume that the performance of the elementary sub-collaborations is known, and that the performance of the global behavior should be determined from the performance of the contained elementary collaborations and the form of the composition. A collaboration, in this thesis, is characterized by a partial order of input and output events, and the performance of the collaboration is defined by the minimum delays required for a given output event with respect to an input event. This is a generalization of the semantics of UML Activities, where all input events are assumed to occur at the same time, and all output events occur at the same time. We give a semantic definition of the dynamic behavior of composed collaborations using the composition operators for control flow from UML Activity diagrams, in terms of partial order relationships among the involved input and output events. Based on these semantics, we provide formulas for calculating the performance of composed collaborations in terms of the performance of the sub-collaborations, where each delay is characterized by (a) a fixed value, (b) a range of values, and (c) a distribution (in the case of stochastic behaviours). We also propose approximations for the case of stochastic behavior with Normal distributions, and discuss the expected errors that may be introduced due to ignoring of shared resources or possible dependencies in the case of stochastic behaviours. A tool has been developed for evaluating the performance of complex collaborations, and examples and case studies are discussed to illustrate the applicability of the performance analysis and the visual notation which we introduced for representing the partial-order relationships of the input and output events.

本論文旨在探討以產品資料標準格式及資訊技術與工具，發展資訊整合模式，其目標是連結電腦輔助設計與電腦輔助製造功能，並結合產品資料管理共用資料庫及型態管理作業，達到同步管理，以實現同步工程作業。資訊整合使自研發、設計、製程規劃、及製造之電腦輔助作業的資料得以連結及共用，形成共通性資訊作業環境，有效提昇產品開發與製造之同步流程管理。為達此一目的，必須以符合國際產品資料表示與交換標準定義整合運作系統所使用的產品共通性資料，以利在電子化環境下，企業體內之上下游廠商可透過此標準定義配合網際網路技術，分享彼此產品資料管理系統中的產品資料，降低資料交換的誤差，並加速產品資料交換的速度。本研究以探討XML及STEP為基礎，首先分析產品生命週期管理之資訊需求，就設計、製程規劃、及製造管理之不同系統，釐清資料管理之資料表達規範，其次以IDEF方法進行產品資料管理之流程分析，並以Zachman資訊系統基礎架構框架各觀點進行資訊需求及架構分析，最後以國防工業體系之中心工廠為例，進行個案實証研究探討資料整合模式與流程分析之可行方法。 研究結果發現，提出三點建議供企業實行資訊整合之參考： 一、 企業流程再造BPR是工作流程、組織結構、資訊技術及工作內容等之合理化與重新設計，使績效大幅改善。 二、 雖有大量投資，但整合後系統的顧客價值不一定增加，例如：業務模式無法吸引更多的客戶時，系統整合後的價值也不一定增加。電腦系統整合的困難度應有企業內充分且全面性溝通的時間。 三、 將所有的資訊應用建置於同一超級資訊平台上作業，很難做到。分散式應用程式讓企業在建置資訊系統時不論在採購上或建置上都更為彈性，企業可依需要不斷的擴充系統，而不需在初期即一次購足。資訊服務網（Web Services）的發展促使企業應用整合EAI技術能滿足此一需求。 本研究係以應用於國防工業體系之中心工廠整合性製造管理資訊系統發展模式為例，國防工業是軍公民營企業合作發展模式，其具有穩定、不易外移、及能帶動相關產業發展之特性，相關產業的資訊整合均面對類似的問題。期能藉由本研究之結果，提供企業進行資訊整合時之參考，使其產品資料能於電子化環境中即時而正確地共用與分享。 / In today’s economy, product lifecycle has been significantly shortened. All manufactures are faced with the challenge of making high quality products within a short product introduction time while reducing costs as low as possible. Product lifecycle management （PLM）is an emerging solution and information integration is a core to address this challenge. Without an efficient methodology to integrate data and processes, PLM would be impossible. This research explores thus the methodology and IT requirement for the integrated product manufacturing information management system, with the following research goals: 1. To investigate the methodology needed by manufacturing companies to implement the integrated product manufacturing information management system to achieve PLM. 2. To investigate the information integration framework for the integrated product manufacturing information management system. Based on analytic method originated from Zachman Framework, this research conducted a case study on a defense industry. The core of this case study is to identify the Framework provides a means for organizing the models of Enterprise Applications Integration (EAI) into useful categories. Model is composed of multiple modeling methods integrated in a way that is sufficient to describe the system. The main models are： (1). Information models for the representation of product data are being developed as an international standard (ISO 10303) informally called STEP. STEP (STandard for the Exchange of Product model data) is designed to enable the exchange of product data between heterogeneous computer systems used throughout the product life cycle. (2). A neutral model of engineering and management data, developed based on the eXtensible Markup Language (XML), can be a standard interchangeable information representation for manufacturing information integration in PLM, and is developed in this research. (3). During several of the BPR steps, the critical process pieces are identified and designed together using IDEF Models. A last, with respect to enterprise information technology integration, this research comes to the conclusions as follows: 1. The primary goal of a BPR effort is to document the current and future business process and to ensure stakeholder buy-in and support. 2. Enterprise information integration is still relatively new, and its best practices are not fully disseminated, which helps to explain why Zachman Framework and analysis tools are important. 3. Since the structure of the data changes too rapidly, integration at the physical source level does not work. Web Services provide a distributed computing technology for revealing the business services of applications on the Internet or intranet using standard XML protocols and formats. It enables EAI to be an ongoing process of creating a flexible, standardized enterprise infrastructure that allows new IT-based applications and business processes to be easily and efficiently deployed.

The execution of parallel discrete event simulation across metacomputing infrastructures is examined. A master/worker architecture for parallel discrete event simulation is proposed providing robust executions under a dynamic set of services with system-level support for fault tolerance, semi-automated client-directed load balancing, portability across heterogeneous machines, and the ability to run codes on idle or time-sharing clients without significant interaction by users. Research questions and challenges associated with issues and limitations with the work distribution paradigm, targeted computational domain, performance metrics, and the intended class of applications to be used in this context are analyzed and discussed. A portable web services approach to master/worker parallel discrete event simulation is proposed and evaluated with subsequent optimizations to increase the efficiency of large-scale simulation execution through distributed master service design and intrinsic overhead reduction. New techniques for addressing challenges associated with optimistic parallel discrete event simulation across metacomputing such as rollbacks and message unsending with an inherently different computation paradigm utilizing master services and time windows are proposed and examined. Results indicate that a master/worker approach utilizing loosely coupled resources is a viable means for high throughput parallel discrete event simulation by enhancing existing computational capacity or providing alternate execution capability for less time-critical codes.

Παρόλο που το υπερκείμενο ως τρόπος δόμησης πληροφορίας τυγχάνει ευρείας αποδοχής, μέχρι σήμερα τα Συστήματα Υπερκειμένου (ΣΥ) δεν έχουν καταφέρει να προσφέρουν τη λειτουργικότητά τους στο ευρύ κοινό σε ικανοποιητικό βαθμό. Οι σχεδιαστικές προσεγγίσεις των ΣΥ αλλά και η αδυναμία υποστήριξης των προγραμματιστών ξένων εφαρμογών για τη χρήση των υπηρεσιών υπερκειμένου οδήγησαν σε μία δυσμενή κατάσταση όσο αφορά στην αποδοτική παροχή υπηρεσιών υπερκειμένου. Το πρόβλημα αυτό ανέδειξε την αναγκαιότητα για την επαναπροσέγγιση των σχεδιαστικών αρχών των ΣΥ έχοντας ως βασική προτεραιότητα τη δημιουργία και την εύκολη παροχή υπηρεσιών υπερκειμένου στο ευρύ κοινό. Η παρούσα διατριβή πραγματεύεται τη δημιουργία ενός πλαισίου για την παροχή υπηρεσιών υπερκειμένου σε ξένα συστήματα αλλά και την υποστήριξη της ανάπτυξης εφαρμογών διαδικτύου βασισμένες σε υπηρεσίες υπερκειμένου. Η υιοθέτηση της Αρχιτεκτονικής Προσανατολιζόμενης σε Υπηρεσίες – ΑΠΥ στο σχεδιασμό των ΣΥ αποτέλεσε την προτεινόμενη προσέγγιση της διατριβής. Η ανάπτυξη συστημάτων υπερκειμένου βασισμένα σε αρχές της ΑΠΥ αλλά και η παροχή υπηρεσιών υπερκειμένου στο διαδίκτυο με χρήση παγκοσμίων προτύπων επιχειρούν να διευκολύνουν την εκμετάλλευση της λειτουργικότητας των ΣΥ από χρήστες και από άλλα συστήματα. Έχοντας ως παράδειγμα υπάρχοντα ΑΣΥ αλλά και συστήματα υπερμέσων βασισμένα σε ψηφίδες (ΑΣΥ-ΒΨ) - όπως ο Callimachus - μελετήθηκε και χρησιμοποιήθηκε η τεχνική των Web Services έτσι ώστε να είναι δυνατή η παροχή στο διαδίκτυο υπηρεσιών υπερμέσων διαφόρων λειτουργικών πεδίων (ταξινομίες, χωρική αναπαράσταση, πλοήγηση κ.α.) από υπάρχοντα συστήματα. Σημείο αναφοράς της εφαρμογής της προτεινόμενης τεχνικής υπήρξε το σύστημα Babylon. Το Babylon είναι ένα σύστημα παροχής υπηρεσιών ταξινόμησης, το οποίο σχεδιάστηκε και κατασκευάστηκε ως ψηφίδα του συστήματος Callimachus και κατόπιν μετεξελίχθηκε σε αυτόνομη υπηρεσία παγκόσμιου ιστού (Web Service). Επιπλέον, αναπτύχθηκε ένα σύστημα υποστήριξης συνεργασίας και λήψης αποφάσεων βασισμένο σε τεχνολογίες συστημάτων χωρικού υπερκειμένου και υπερκειμένου υποστήριξης επιχειρηματολογίας. Η ανάπτυξη έγινε εξ’ολοκλήρου βασισμένη στις αρχές της αρχιτεκτονικής προσανατολιζόμενης σε υπηρεσίες και η εκμετάλλευση των υπηρεσιών του είναι δυνατή τόσο μέσω του παγκοσμίου ιστού όσο και από εξωτερικές εφαρμογές χρησιμοποιώντας εξειδικευμένα Web Services. Τέλος, μελετήθηκε η δυνατότητα ανακάλυψης και αναζήτησης των υπηρεσιών υπερμέσων μέσα από ένα ολοκληρωμένο πλαίσιο υποστήριξης ανάπτυξης εφαρμογών που χρησιμοποιούν υπηρεσίες υπερκειμένου. Με την εφαρμογή της προτεινόμενης προσέγγισης και την αξιολόγηση της χρήσης των συστημάτων παράχθηκαν θετικά συμπεράσματα όσο αφορά στην αξιοποίηση των ΑΠΥ σε συστήματα υπερμέσων και με τον τρόπο αυτό τεκμηριώθηκε η χρησιμότητα της συνολικής προσέγγισης. / Although hypertext is considered as a widely accepted mean for information structuring, the provision of hypertext-related services has not yet reached a satisfactory level. Both the design principles of hypertext systems and the lack of developer support for the exploitation of hypermedia services lead to a low level of provision of the hypertext functionality from the world. This problem has highlighted the need for re-approaching the design principles of HSs under a different perspective in which the creation and the provision of a hypermedia service are crucial issues. This thesis focuses on the development of a framework aiming at both the provision of hypermedia service and the web application development support using hypermedia functionality. The adoption of Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) in the design of Hypermedia Systems (OHS) constitutes the main approach against the particular issue. The SOA based implementation of HSs together with the the provision of hypermedia services to the Internet through universal standards try to aid the exploitation of the hypermedia functionality from an open set of both users and systems. The OHSs together with the Component Based – OHSs (CB-OHSs) like Callimachus were the leading paradigm in this approach in which the web-service technique was both studied and adopted in order to provide to the Internet hypermedia services based on different hypermedia fields (taxonomic, spatial, navigational etc) provided by existing systems. The case study of this approach regards the Babylon system. It is a hypertext system designed to provide taxonomic services in the context of the entire Callimachus system as a single component. The Babylon system was later transformed to a taxonomic internet based service using the Web Service standards. Furthermore, a collaboration and decision making support tool based on spatial and argumentation support technologies was also implemented. The development was entirely based on SOA thus the provided services are available both from users or applications of the world wide web and 3rd party (external) applications by using the Web Services protocols. Finally, a study which concerns capabilities of discovering and searching of the hypermedia services has also taken place. The evaluation of the proposed approach extracted many positive conclusions regarding the utilization of SOA in the area of hypermedia systems.

Στην παρούσα διατριβή αντιμετωπίζεται το πρόβλημα της παροχής επιστημονικού λογισμικού σαν υπηρεσία διαδικτύου, με έμφαση στις εφαρμογές χρονοπρογραμματισμού ανθρώπινων πόρων. Οι εφαρμογές αυτές χαρακτηρίζονται από ειδικές ανάγκες ως προς το περιβάλλον υλικού και λογισμικού, ανήκοντας στο γενικότερο χώρο των NP-hard προβλημάτων βελτιστοποίησης. Δημιουργήθηκαν και παρουσιάζονται δύο πλατφόρμες παροχής υπηρεσιών, SchedSP και SchedSP-WS, με στόχο να παρέχουν υπηρεσίες λειτουργικού συστήματος στους δημιουργούς εφαρμογών ιστού, ενώ παρέχονται ειδικές υπηρεσίες για την υποστήριξη εφαρμογών χρονοπρογραμματισμού. Η απαιτούμενη υπολογιστική χωρητικότητα εξασφαλίστικε αρχικά από το σύστημα PLEIADES, που επίσης παρουσιάζεται ως πάροχος υπολογιστικής υποδομής σαν υπηρεσιά, το οποίο αργότερα αντικαταστάθηκε από την υποδομή του ευρωπαϊκού έργου υποδομής EGEE. Επίσης, παρουσιάζεται ένα μοντέλο κατανεμημένης εφαρμογής χρονοπρογραμματισμού, το οποίο αποτελεί τη βάση του πλαισίου SchedScripter. Το πλαίσιο SchedScripter που επίσης παρουσιάζεται, επιτρέπει τη δημιουργία κατανεμημένων εφαρμογών χρονοπρογραμματισμού, βασισμένων στο υπολογιστικό πλέγμα. / This PhD dissertation deals with the provision of scientific software as Internet service, with emphasis on human resources scheduling applications. These applications have special needs from the computational environment, in terms of software and hardware, as they are NP-hard optimization problems. Two application service provider platforms have been created and presented, SchedSP and SchedSP-WS, aiming to offer operating system like services to web application developers, while they offer special support for scheduling applications. The required computational capacity initially was provided by PLEADES, which is also presented as a computational infrastructure service provider, to be substituded later by the EU infrastructures project EGEE. A distributed scheduling application model is presented, which is the foundation of the SchedScripter framework. The SchedScripter framework, which is also presented, enables the creation of distributed scheduling applications, running on a computational grid.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:48:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ThiagoPS_DISSERT.pdf: 3143029 bytes, checksum: 0f97ea16a97dc298694ca58c37e62914 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-06 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Typically Web services contain only syntactic information that describes their interfaces. Due to the lack of semantic descriptions of the Web services, service composition becomes a difficult task. To solve this problem, Web services can exploit the use of ontologies for the semantic definition of service s interface, thus facilitating the automation of discovering, publication, mediation, invocation, and composition of services. However, ontology languages, such as OWL-S, have constructs that are not easy to understand, even for Web developers, and the existing tools that support their use contains many details that make them difficult to manipulate. This paper presents a MDD tool called AutoWebS (Automatic Generation of Semantic Web Services) to develop OWL-S semantic Web services. AutoWebS uses an approach based on UML profiles and model transformations for automatic generation of Web services and their semantic description. AutoWebS offers an environment that provides many features required to model, implement, compile, and deploy semantic Web services / Tipicamente servi?os Web cont?m apenas informa??es sint?ticas que descrevem suas interfaces e a falta de descri??es sem?nticas torna a composi??o de servi?osWeb uma tarefa dif?cil. Para resolver este problema, pode-se usar ontologias para a defini??o sem?ntica da interface dos servi?os, facilitando a automa??o da descoberta, publica??o, media??o, invoca??o e composi??o dos servi?os. No entanto, linguagens que permitem se descrever semanticamente servi?os Web utilizando ontologias, como OWL-S, t?m constru??es que n?o s?o f?ceis de entender, mesmo para desenvolvedoresWeb, e as ferramentas existentes levam aos usu?rios muitos detalhes que as tornam dif?ceis de serem manipuladas. Este trabalho apresenta uma ferramenta chamada AutoWebS (Automatic Generation of Semantic Web Services) para o desenvolvimento de servi?os Web sem?nticos. O AutoWebS usa uma abordagem baseada em perfis UML e transforma??es entre modelos para a gera??o autom?tica de servi?osWeb e sua descri??o sem?ntica em OWL-S. O AutoWebS disponibiliza um ambiente que oferece recursos para modelar, implementar, compilar e implantar servi?os Web sem?nticos

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:48:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FabianoP_DISSERT.pdf: 3905877 bytes, checksum: 0721827c114aec9f61c1c690dc27dd1d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-04-05 / The visualization of three-dimensional(3D)images is increasigly being sed in the area of medicine, helping physicians diagnose desease. the advances achived in scaners esed for acquisition of these 3d exames, such as computerized tumography(CT) and Magnetic Resonance imaging (MRI), enable the generation of images with higher resolutions, thus, generating files with much larger sizes. Currently, the images of computationally expensive one, and demanding the use of a righ and computer for such task. The direct remote acess of these images thruogh the internet is not efficient also, since all images have to be trasferred to the user?s equipment before the 3D visualization process ca start. with these problems in mind, this work proposes and analyses a solution for the remote redering of 3D medical images, called Remote Rendering (RR3D). In RR3D, the whole hedering process is pefomed a server or a cluster of servers, with high computational power, and only the resulting image is tranferred to the client, still allowing the client to peform operations such as rotations, zoom, etc. the solution was developed using web services written in java and an architecture that uses the scientific visualization packcage paraview, the framework paraviewWeb and the PACS server DCM4CHEE.The solution was tested with two scenarios where the rendering process was performed by a sever with graphics hadwere (GPU) and by a server without GPUs. In the scenarios without GPUs, the soluction was executed in parallel with several number of cores (processing units)dedicated to it. In order to compare our solution to order medical visualization application, a third scenario was esed in the rendering process, was done locally. In all tree scenarios, the solution was tested for different network speeds. The solution solved satisfactorily the problem with the delay in the transfer of the DICOM files, while alowing the use of low and computers as client for visualizing the exams even, tablets and smart phones / A visualiza??o de imagens tridimensionais (3D) est? cada vez mais presente na ?rea da medicina, auxiliando os m?dicos no diagn?stico de doen?as e na emiss?o de laudos. Com o avan?o dos equipamentos que geram imagens tomogr?ficas dos pacientes, como os de Tomografia Computadorizada (TC), est?o sendo geradas imagens cada vez mais n?tidas e, portanto, com resolu??es e tamanhos maiores. Atualmente, as imagens contidas em um exame de TC geralmente ocupam o tamanho de dezenas e centenas de megabytes, tornando o processo de visualiza??o 3D cada vez mais pesado - exigindo do usu?rio um equipamento com bom poder computacional. O acesso remoto ? estas imagens, via internet por exemplo, tamb?m n?o ? muito eficiente, pois todas as imagens precisam ser transferidas para o equipamento do usu?rio antes que o processo de visualiza??o 3D seja iniciado. Diante destes problemas (tamanho das imagens e acesso remoto), este trabalho envolve a cria??o e an?lise de um servi?o web para renderiza??o remota de imagens m?dicas 3D, denominado RR3D. Nele, todo o processo de renderiza??o volum?trica ser? realizado por um servidor, ou cluster de servidores, com alto poder computacional e somente a imagem 3D resultante ser? enviada ao cliente, permitindo que este ainda possa fazer opera??es como rota??o, zoom etc. O servi?o web ser? desenvolvido utilizando a linguagem Java e na arquitetura do projeto ser?o utilizados o programa de visualiza??o cient?fica Paraview, o framework ParaviewWeb e o servidor DCM4CHEE

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:48:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DanielASC_DISSERT.pdf: 2076393 bytes, checksum: fb34be082f79ab29b3f4ace6f22d195c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-01-31 / Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte / Web services are software accessible via the Internet that provide functionality to be used by applications. Today, it is natural to reuse third-party services to compose new services. This process of composition can occur in two styles, called orchestration and choreography. A choreography represents a collaboration between services which know their partners in the composition, to achieve the service s desired functionality. On the other hand, an orchestration have a central process (the orchestrator) that coordinates all application operations. Our work is placed in this latter context, by proposing an abstract model for running service orchestrations. For this purpose, a graph reduction machine will be defined for the implementation of service orchestrations specified in a variant of the PEWS composition language. Moreover, a prototype of this machine (in Java) is built as a proof of concept / Servi?os web s?o software acess?veis atrav?s da Internet que disponibilizam funcionalidades a serem usadas por aplica??es. Hoje, ? natural reutilizar servi?os de terceiros para compor novos servi?os. Este processo de composi??o pode acontecer em dois estilos, denominados orquestra??o e coreografia. A coreografia representa uma colabora??o entre servi?os os quais conhecem a aplica??o ? qual pertencem e o momento exato para executarem. J? a orquestra??o possui um processo central, o orquestrador, que coordena todas as opera??es da aplica??o. ? neste contexto que este trabalho se encaixa, propondo um modelo abstrato para a execu??o de orquestra??es de servi?os. Com esta finalidade, ser? definida uma m?quina de redu??o de grafos para a implementa??o de orquestra??es de servi?os especificadas em uma variante da linguagem de composi??o PEWS. Ademais, um prot?tipo desta m?quina (em Java) ser? constru?do como prova de conceito

The primary contributions to the area of electronic business integration, propounded by this thesis, are (in no particular order):  A novel examination of global Business-to-Business (B2B) interoperability in terms of a "multiplicity paradox" and of a "global electronic market-space" from a Complex Systems Science perspective.  A framework for an, integrated, global electronic market-space, which is based on a hierarchical, incremental, minimalist-business-pattern approach. A Web Services-SOA forms the basis of application-to-application integration within the framework. The framework is founded in a comprehensive study of existing technologies, standards and models for secure interoperability and the SOA paradigm. The Complex Systems Science concepts of "predictable structure" and "structural complexity" are used consistently throughout the progressive formulation of the framework.  A model for a global message handler (including a standards-based message-format) which obviates the common problems implicit in standard SOAP-RPC. It is formulated around the "standardized, common, abstract application interface" critical success factor, deduced from examining existing models. The model can be used in any collaboration context.  An open standards-based security model for the global message handler. Conceptually, the framework comprises the following:  An interoperable standardized message format: a standardized SOAP-envelope with standardized attachments (8-bit binary MIME-serialized XOP packages).  An interoperable standardized message-delivery infrastructure encompassing an RPC-invoked message-handler - a Web service, operating in synchronous and/or asynchronous mode, which relays attachments to service endpoints.  A business information processing infrastructure comprised of: a standardized generic minimalist-business-pattern (simple buying/selling), comprising global pre-specifications for business processes (for example, placing an order), standardized specific atomic business activities (e.g. completing an order-form), a standardized document-set (including, e.g. an order-form) based on standardized metadata (common nomenclature and common semantics used in XSD's, e.g. the order-form), the standardized corresponding choreography for atomic activities (e.g. acknowledgement of receipt of order-form) and service endpoints (based on standardized programming interfaces and virtual methods with customized implementations). / Theoretical Computing / PHD (INFORMATION SYSTEMS)

Un système d'aide à la décision (SIAD) est un système d'information qui assiste lesdécideurs impliqués dans les processus de décision complexes. Les SIAD modernesont besoin d'exploiter, en plus de données numériques et symboliques, des donnéeshétérogènes (données texte, données multimédia, ...) et provenant de sources diverses(comme le Web). Nous qualifions ces données complexes. Les entrepôts dedonnées forment habituellement le socle des SIAD. Ils permettent d'intégrer des données provenant de diverses sources pour appuyer le processus décisionnel. Cependant, l'avènement de données complexes impose une nouvelle vision de l'entreposagedes données, y compris de l'intégration des données, de leur stockage et de leuranalyse. En outre, les exigences d'aujourd'hui imposent l'intégration des donnéescomplexes presque en temps réel, pour remplacer le processus ETL traditionnel(Extraction, Transformation et chargement). Le traitement en temps réel exige unprocessus ETL plus actif. Les tâches d'intégration doivent réagir d'une façon intelligente, c'est-à-dire d'une façon active et autonome pour s'adapter aux changementsrencontrés dans l'environnement d'intégration des données, notamment au niveaudes sources de données.Dans cette thèse, nous proposons des solutions originales pour l'intégration dedonnées complexes en temps réel, de façon active et autonome. En eet, nous avons conçu une approche générique basé sur des métadonnées, orientée services et orienté évènements pour l'intégration des données complexes. Pour prendre en charge lacomplexité des données, notre approche stocke les données complexes à l'aide d'unformat unie en utilisant une approche base sur les métadonnées et XML. Nous noustraitons également la distribution de données et leur l'interopérabilité en utilisantune approche orientée services. Par ailleurs, pour considérer le temps réel, notreapproche stocke non seulement des données intégrées dans un référentiel unie,mais présente des fonctions d'intégration des données a la volée. Nous appliquonségalement une approche orientée services pour observer les changements de donnéespertinentes en temps réel. En outre, l'idée d'intégration des données complexes defaçon active et autonome, nous proposons une méthode de fouille dans les évènements.Pour cela, nous proposons un algorithme incrémentiel base sur XML pourla fouille des règles d'association a partir d’évènements. Ensuite, nous denissonsdes règles actives a l'aide des données provenant de la fouille d'évènements an deréactiver les tâches d'intégration.Pour valider notre approche d'intégration de données complexes, nous avons développé une plateforme logicielle, à savoir AX-InCoDa ((Active XML-based frameworkfor Integrating Complex Data). AX-InCoDa est une application Web implémenté à l'aide d'outils open source. Elle exploite les standards du Web (comme les services Web et XML) et le XML actif pour traiter la complexité et les exigences temps réel. Pour explorer les évènements stockés dans base d'évènement, nous avons proposons une méthode de fouille d'évènements an d'assurer leur autogestion.AX-InCoDa est enrichi de règles actives L'ecacite d'AX-InCoDa est illustrée par une étude de cas sur des données médicales. En, la performance de notre algorithme de fouille d'évènements est démontrée expérimentalement. / A decision support system (DSS) is an information system that supports decisionmakers involved in complex decision-making processes. Modern DSSs needto exploit data that are not only numerical or symbolic, but also heterogeneouslystructured (e.g., text and multimedia data) and coming from various sources (e.g,the Web). We term such data complex data. Data warehouses are casually usedas the basis of such DSSs. They help integrate data from a variety of sourcesto support decision-making. However, the advent of complex data imposes anothervision of data warehousing including data integration, data storage and dataanalysis. Moreover, today's requirements impose integrating complex data in nearreal-time rather than with traditional snapshot and batch ETL (Extraction, Transformationand Loading). Real-time and near real-time processing requires a moreactive ETL process. Data integration tasks must react in an intelligent, i.e., activeand autonomous way, to encountered changes in the data integration environment,especially data sources.In this dissertation, we propose novel solutions for complex data integration innear real-time, actively and autonomously. We indeed provide a generic metadatabased,service-oriented and event-driven approach for integrating complex data.To address data complexity issues, our approach stores heterogeneous data into aunied format using a metadata-based approach and XML. We also tackle datadistribution and interoperability using a service-oriented approach. Moreover, toaddress near real-time requirements, our approach stores not only integrated datainto a unied repository, but also functions to integrate data on-the-y. We also apply a service-oriented approach to track relevant data changes in near real-time.Furthermore, the idea of integrating complex data actively and autonomously revolvesaround mining logged events of data integration environment. For this sake,we propose an incremental XML-based algorithm for mining association rules fromlogged events. Then, we de ne active rules upon mined data to reactivate integrationtasks.To validate our approach for managing complex data integration, we develop ahigh-level software framework, namely AX-InCoDa (Active XML-based frameworkfor Integrating Complex Data). AX-InCoDa is implemented as Web application usingopen-source tools. It exploits Web standards (e.g., XML and Web services) andActive XML to handle complexity issues and near real-time requirements. Besidewarehousing logged events into an event repository to be mined for self-managingpurposes, AX-InCoDa is enriched with active rules. AX-InCoDa's feasibility is illustratedby a healthcare case study. Finally, the performance of our incremental eventmining algorithm is experimentally demonstrated.