I denna uppsats analyseras det vegetariska subjektet med fokus på subjektiva upplevelser och genom detta belyses attraktioner och förändringar inom vegetarianismen mellan 1895–1931 i medlemstidskrifterna för Deutscher Vegetarier-Bund. Teoretiskt är uppsatsen grundad i subjektiviseringstesen med fokus på upplevelser, genus och känslor. Resultaten visar att ett skifte skedde från en rationell objektiv upplevelse till en subjektiv och känslostyrd upplevelse. Genomgående konstruerades den vegetariska livsstilen som en elitupplevelse och kontrasterades mot andra livsstilar. Det vegetariska subjektet var även könat och konstruerat med eller mot maskulina förväntningar. Genom analysen av genus och upplevelser har forskningen om tysk vegetarianism utökats. Vegetarianism kan genom analysen förstås som ett sätt att återförtrolla världen genom mystik och förundran.

The subject of this thesis is purposed to characterize both economic and political progress in Weimar republic since the end of World War I till the middle twenties. In this respect, it is a period when Germany, after several years of war struggle ending up as a defeated country, was raving in economic and internal political crisis and also had to face up a diplomatic isolation connected with tough peace conditions from Versailles. The main focus of this study is to analyze German economic depression contextualized with crucial historic events against background of then international diplomacy. Economic analysis is connected especially with explanation of huge hyperinflation, synchronous theoretic hypothesis that formed economic policy of German governments and their comparison with modern monetary economics. Being analyzed are not only causes of depression based in long-term debt funding of war, uncovered money emission and necessity of high reparation payments, but also the process and the way of its termination and overall consequences both political and socioeconomic. After abandonment of inflation episode follows solution of reparation payments adjustment which was necessary for future stabilization of Weimar Republic and final termination of German crisis. The way to stability was provided by London Conference and Dawes plan which are both analyzed in the last part of this thesis.

In a world in which current events increasingly evoke episodes from the past and former crises, understanding history becomes fundamental in order to build an informed solution strategy. Nevertheless, one should also recognize to leave one’s contemporary judgment and knowledge in the present, while dissecting the past for valuable insights. In this master thesis, I am submitting a research proposal to fellow students and the research community at large, which includes a case study that, firstly, analyses the Weimar Republic’s newspaper landscape and the lack of an extensive and centralized digitized archive of its widely decentralised press, and, secondly, analyses the transformation of language over time in a newspaper sample from the Aachener Anzeiger. Through the analysed sample and analysis, I wish to highlight the importance of understanding the past so that future adversities can be easier resolved by a combination of distant and close reading techniques. The interest in the history of Weimar Germany is steadily regaining momentum within and outside academia, as several contemporary events seem to establish a certain parallel with this short-lived first attempt at democracy that emerged after the end of the former German Empire. In this thesis, history will be analysed through the digital textual analysis of newspapers. The limitations of this approach will be illustrated and discussed, such as the challenges posed by decentralized archival material, the issues OCR encounters when digitizing the Fraktur typeface, and the deriving importance of digitizing such typeface to avoid historical erasure. Furthermore, the need to render such findings and research accessible to society at large is fundamental, as the contemporary political developments of our times affect everyone, whether they belong to academia or not. In the final chapter, new research pathways will be proposed and discussed, while also considering the case of contemporary history and politics and the essential aspects of digitization and social acceleration of life through technology.

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TITLE: Two brothers. The literary activity and the political inolvement of Thomas and Heinrich Mann between 1918 - 1933 ABSTRACT: This diploma thesis compares the literary activity of Thomas and Heinrich Mann with their political opinions. The comparison of the literary activity and opinions is based on their two books. There is the novel Der Untertan in case of Heinrich Mann and the short story from Thomas Mann Mario und der Zauberer in the second case. KEY WORDS: Thomas Mann, Heinrich Mann, policy, Weimar Republic, Wilheminism, fascism, democracy, dictatorship

Die Dissertation ist dem politischen Denken Max Schelers gewidmet. Die Darstellung und Analyse von Schelers politischem Denken zwischen Kaiserreich und Weimarer Republik ist um die zentralen Begriffe Wert und Elite strukturiert. Schelers Bemühen um eine Stabilisierung der politisch-gesellschaftlichen Verhältnisse mit metapolitischen Mitteln ist das Resultat seiner Zeitdiagnostik. Er warnt angesichts der Entwicklung zu einer individualistischen Gesellschaft vor den damit einhergehenden Dissoziierungstendenzen. Seine Überlegungen zur Elite ziehen sich wie ein roter Faden durch sein Werk und prägen sein Politikverständnis. Durch die synchrone und diachrone Darstellungsweise wird der Umkreis jener elitetheoretischer Erörterungen einbezogen, die bis heute der Ausgangspunkt mancher Diskurse bilden. Entgegen der Tendenz den komplexen Elitebegriff der stratifizierten Gesellschaft, in der Macht-, Funktions- und Wertelite koinzidierten, auf seine funktionale Komponente zu reduzieren, in der Funktion und Leistung von Werten und Orientierung entkoppelt werden, hält Scheler an dem komplexen Elitebegriff fest und erklärt insbesondere die Bedeutung von Wertvermittlung und Sinnstiftung zum Nukleus seines Elitebegriffs. / This dissertation is dedicated to Max Scheler's political thinking. The representation and analysis of Scheler's political thinking between German Empire and Weimar Republic is structured around the central concepts of value and elite. Scheler's endeavour to stabilize the political and social conditions by meta-political means comes as the result of his time-diagnosis warning of dissociation tendencies that come along with the development towards an individualistic society. Reflections on elite is the central theme of his work and mark his concept of politics. The synchronic and diachronic reprensentation involves the vicinity of those theoretical elite discussions that even today form the basis of some discourses. Contrary to the tendency to reduce the complex elite concept of stratified society, in which elite of power, function and value coincided, to its functional component, in which function and performance are being uncoupled from value and orientation, Scheler sticks to the complex concept of elite and particularly emphasizes the meaning of imparting value and sense as the nucleus of his elite term.

This is an analysis of the contributions of Richard Wagner's ideas to the development of Adolf Hitler as seen by various historians. This author has consulted the works of many different authors to attempt to find the ideological roots of Adolf Hitler. The ideology of Richard Wagner, as seen by some of the most pre-eminent historians of this period, has been applied to the ideas of Hitler to find any continuity between these two men. All historians consulted thought Wagner was, for some more, others, less, a contributor to the development of Adolf Hitler and National Socialism. This author has concluded that Wagner was a contributor, but that Hitler's personal environment was more important to the development of National Socialism. This thesis explores an area into which no one has really delved in depth. Hopefully, this thesis can be a springboard for further research into this area.

The diploma thesis deals with the tertiary education of Weimar Republic, specifically with the Czechoslovak students of German nationality who studied in Germany between years 1919 and 1933. The main goals of the text are to evaluate to what extent the tertiary education served propaganda and cultural diplomacy, which methods were used to influence the students during their studies and how the students were introduced to the positive image of Germany, which found itself in international isolation after the First World War. The thesis is based on primary sources from German and Czech archives and on foreign and Czech secondary sources and literature.

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