Obwohl die wenigen bisher erschienenen Studien zur Qualität von Inhalten in Wikis und besonders der Wikipedia ein hohes Potential für die Erstellung auch verlässlicher Inhalte vermuten lassen, existiert noch kein formales und anerkanntes Qualitätsmanagementsystem für partizipativ erstellte Inhalte im organisationsinternen Web 2.0. Im Rahmen der Erprobung eines Wiki-Services für das Intranet der Bundeswehr wird derzeit ein solches System entwickelt und im laufenden Experiment evaluiert.

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Enterprise Wikis haben sich zu einem wichtigen Bestandteil der Corporate Intranets entwickelt. Aufgrund ihrer Nutzungsoffenheit und hohen Flexibilität lassen sich Enterprise Wikis für vielfältigste Einsatzzwecke verwenden. Dabei ist die Nutzungsmotivation der Mitarbeiter ein kritischer Stellhebel für den Erfolg von Enterprise Wikis. In diesem Beitrag wird auf Basis des aus der Arbeitspsychologie stammenden Konzepts „motivation sources inventory“ von BARBUTO & SCHOLL eine Untersuchung mittels Online-Befragung mit 95 Teilnehmern aus 10 verschiedenen Unternehmen durchgeführt. Hierbei wurde ersichtlich, dass Enterprise Wikis von den Befragten durchweg als wertvoll eingeschätzt werden. Weiterhin stellen die Nützlichkeit von Enterprise Wikis für die tägliche Arbeit sowie das Bestreben, Kollegen bzw. das eigene Team zu unterstützen wichtige Quellen der Motivation dar. Bezüglich der intrinsischen Prozessmotivation bei Enterprise Wikis, d.h. Spaß an der Benutzung, konnten stark divergierende Meinungen festgestellt werden. Hingegen ist Lob bzw. Reputation nur für einen kleinen Teil der Befragten motivierend, im Enterprise Wiki beizutragen.:1 Einleitung 1.1 Stand der Forschung 1.2 Zielstellung 2 Das „Motivation Sources Inventory“ von Barbuto & Scholl 2.1 Die fünf Quellen der Motivation 2.2 Fazit und Würdigung des Motivation Sources Inventory 3 Vorgehen und Methodik 3.1 Auswahl der Unternehmen und explorative Interviews 3.2 Konzeption und Durchführung der Online-Befragung 4 Ergebnisse 4.1 Nutzungscharakteristika 4.2 Bedeutung und Ausprägung der fünf Motivationsquellen 5 Zusammenfassung und Ausblick 5.1 Ergebnisse 5.2 Limitationen 5.3 Forschungspotentiale

På webbplatsen arbetsliv.org finns webbsidorna branschkunskap och ämneskunskap innehållandes länkar till andra webbsidor, med fakta kring arbetsmiljö. Webbsidorna riktar sig främst till arbetsmiljöingenjörer och medlemmarna inom organisationerna FTF (Föreningen Teknisk Företagshälsovård) Arbetsmiljö och EHSS, Ergonomi och Human Factors Sällskapet Sverige. Arbetsmiljöingenjörer arbetar med frågor relaterade till branscher inom många olika områden. Därför anses det underlätta deras arbete genom att ha en samlad plats för branschspecifik information. Syftet med uppsatsen är att utveckla webbsidor till en egen domän, arbetsmiljowiki.se, och att utifrån organisationsmedlemmarnas åsikter skapa en wiki med bransch- och ämneskunskap inom arbetsmiljö. För att ta reda på användarnas åsikter genomfördes åtta stycken kvalitativa telefonintervjuer med intervjupersoner från olika åldersgrupper. Litteraturstudier skedde kring val och utveckling av teknisk lösning för att få en bild av de möjligheter som finns. Jämförelsen av tekniska lösningar, analysen av telefonintervjuerna och de uppställda kraven utgör tillsammans ett delresultat. Delresultatet ledde fram till en integration av Facebookinloggning, YouTubelänkar, kommentarsfält och att resultatet arbetsmiljowiki.se utformades enligt organisationsmedlemmarnas åsikter. / Located on the website arbetsliv.org is the webpages branschkunskap and ämneskunskap, containing links to other websites with facts about occupational health and safety. The webpages mainly target themselves towards occupational health engineers and members of the two organization’s FTF (Föreningen Teknisk Företagshälsovård) Arbetsmiljö and EHSS, Ergonomi och Human Factors Sällskapet Sverige. Occupational health engineers work with questions related to industries of many different fields. Therefore, it is considered to facilitate their work by providing a collaborative collection of industry-specific information. The purpose of this thesis is to develop the webpages into an independent domain, arbetsmiljowiki.se, and based on the organization members’ opinions create a wiki about industry and subject knowledge related to occupational health and safety. To collect the users’ opinions, eight qualitative telephone interviews were carried out with interviewees from different age-groups. Literature studies regarding choice of and development of technical solutions were performed in order to obtain a greater picture of the available possibilities. The comparison of technical solutions, analysis of the telephone interviews and the specified requirements together make up a part of the result. One part of the result resulted in an integration of Facebook login, embedded YouTube videos, comment fields and that the final result arbetsmiljowiki.se was shaped as per the organization members’ requests.

This single case study explores the adoption of a wiki knowledge management system at a mid-sized IT retailer and consultancy. In exploring what factors affect how and if employees interact with the wiki six key areas are identified as crucial to enabling successful knowledge transfers with such a system: 1. Clearly linking the knowledge management to tangible business value 2. Clarifying for users the purpose and usage of the wiki 3. Aligning desired wiki use with the pre-existing corporate culture 4. Verifying that employee incentives are aligned with desired behavior 5. Making sure knowledge management is a part of existing processes 6. Effectively using technology to aid the users Additionally the study includes a comparison with previously conducted studies on implementations of traditional non-collaborative knowledge management systems and finds a high degree of similarity with the issues that have previously been faced within the field. This thesis therefore argues that the new technology present in a wiki type system does not solve the pre-existing problems facing knowledge management practitioners. Instead, the same issues facing the implementation of any such system need to be resolved before the potential of a wiki knowledge management system can be realized.

With today’s exploding amount of websites and applications, a design has to meet the requirements of its users and be easy to use in order for a software product to stand out. User Experience design is a method, which has been developed to design products with a focus on the user. This thesis examines how User Experience design can be applied to the creation of a wiki in order to ease the acquisition of information. The research was done through a literature study and a case study, where a wiki about courses at KTH was designed and tested. Two versions of a prototype were created, based on feedback which was collected from potential users. A thematic analysis was done on the data and the selected themes were used to improve the product. The result was an overall positive response towards the prototype in the case study, which led to a conclusion that User Experience design can lead to an improvement of how wikis are created. The work can be continued by implementing the prototype or creating more wikis for a broader support of the conclusion. / Med dagens exploderande mängd websidor och applikationer krävs en design som möter användarnas krav och är lättanvänd för att en mjukvaruprodukt ska stå ut. Användarupplevelse design är en metod som tagits fram för att designa produkter med användaren i fokus. Detta arbete undersöker hur användarupplevelse design kan appliceras på skapandet av en wiki för att förenkla inhämtningen av information. Undersökningen gjordes med hjälp av en litteraturstudie och en fallstudie där en wiki kring kurser som ges på KTH designades och testades. Två versioner av en prototyp skapades utifrån feedback som samlats från potentiella användare. En tematisk analys utfördes på datan och de uttagna temana användes för att förbättra produkten. Resultatet var ett generellt positivt bemötande mot prototypen i fallstudien, vilket ledde till en slutsats att användarupplevelse design kan leda till en förbättring av hur wikis byggs. Arbetet kan fortsättas genom att implementera prototypen eller skapa fler wikis för ett bredare underlag.

This submission sets out a narrative of how a practitioner in the field of education identified and implemented the changes required, both in research methodology and in practice, in order to answer the question ‘how do I improve my practice?’ (Whitehead and McNiff, 2004) while remaining true to a personal value system by not teaching or researching in ‘a living contradiction’ (Ibid: 5) where a value system and a practice are not working in harmony. This submission chronicles a self-study journey to improve practice by identifying and reflecting on the changes required to improve that practice when ‘teaching’ ten-year-old pupils historical enquiry online. The narrative demonstrates how a practice can be reconceptualised and illustrates the outcomes of that re-conceptualisation. The particular practice in question was set within the context of technological advances in the Internet over the last half decade: in the early research the pupils used the Internet as an online encyclopaedia while in the later stages of the research they used the Internet as a means to access online authoring sites on the read-write resource Web 2.0. The journey of change follows the practitioner from teaching historical enquiry within a classroom setting to that of teaching historical enquiry within an online authoring site, called a wiki. To achieve those changes many key concepts (that had informed teaching practices at the beginning of the research journey) had to be deconstructed and subsequently restructured using an alternative design. The learning process was one of the key concepts teased apart and reconstructed using Wenger’s ‘communities of practice’ approach as a template for designing a small community of practices. It was the emerging small community of practices on the wiki that developed into a new perspective on how to promote the learning process most effectively in an online context. The submission also narrates the ontological dimension to the journey where the practitioner’s key personal values were used in the change process to create a living theory. This value driven methodology created living standards of judgement. The submission identifies, then critically reflects on, the two voices representing the significance of the developing perspectives of the writer as researcher and as practitioner. It then uses journal entries, articles and interviews to follow the practitioner journey from perspective point one to perspective point two. It reflects critically on the change process being experienced and the growing confidence that emerged as the practitioner and researcher voices began, in combination, to challenge accepted practice and develop a new single voice that impacts upon both the professional context and the field of educational theory. It leads to the acceptance of some of Wenger’s assertions that underpin his notion that meaning is negotiated in communities of practice and examines the changes in thinking that eventually led to this model being interpreted as a reference point only and to the suggestion of a new perspective on the learning process. The contribution to knowledge is, then, to be found in this new perspective of what is meant by a community of practices and the learning processes it generates with reference to teaching historical enquiry skills to ten-year-old pupils on an online authoring site called a wiki.

This study investigates a process of technological innovation in the classroom, and a range of related issues. It discusses the development of a technology-assisted tool, ThinkSpace, combining computer-based concept mapping and a wiki, aimed at facilitating collaborative and critical engagement with complex study material. The study adopts a design-based research approach in order to develop in tandem the technological implementation of the tool as well as the pedagogical practices for the use of the tool in the classroom. ThinkSpace was introduced into two schools where it was used by A-level history students. In close collaboration with the teachers practical uses for the tool were developed and implemented in the classroom. Data were collected through classroom observation, student and teacher interviews, as well as gathering evidence of students’ work with the tool. The thesis engages with questions of developing pedagogical practice to incorporate technological tools. It provides insights into the processes of working with teachers and students on collaborative innovation projects and the ways in which technology and pedagogy can gradually be aligned to achieve shifts in classroom practice. The project also investigates opportunities for developing productive uses of wikis and concept mapping in the classroom. The results of this study highlight the gradual and incremental nature of innovation in the classroom. The study concludes that innovation with tools such as ThinkSpace requires changes to deeply-seated learning practices, which are closely linked to student identity. If such practices are to be altered, it is necessary to think more carefully about supporting students through the pedagogical changes that some technological innovations endeavour to put into place. Possible ways of providing support in the processes of innovation were found in the present study through the scrutiny of the ways some students were beginning to appropriate the ThinkSpace tool. This suggested more targeted ways of encouraging conceptualisation and collaboration practices, which were the target of the innovation presented here.

Submitted by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2018-03-21T21:24:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MauricioTellesBigioDissertacao2016.pdf: 4306959 bytes, checksum: bd1bca5a2405adda24198db052373c8f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2018-03-21T21:24:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MauricioTellesBigioDissertacao2016.pdf: 4306959 bytes, checksum: bd1bca5a2405adda24198db052373c8f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-21T21:24:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MauricioTellesBigioDissertacao2016.pdf: 4306959 bytes, checksum: bd1bca5a2405adda24198db052373c8f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-29 / The quantity and diversity of present processes in large organizations are huge. Considering a context of high productivity and high turnover, cost of employees for the information and knowledge necessary to perform their tasks as well as the loss of knowledge, causes significant damage. However, Knowledge Management (KM) provides a horizon in this field and may represent a competitive advantage. The institutions that create new knowledge in a sustainable manner and spread throughout the organization have the capacity to innovate, improving processes and bypassing any crises. Internal services, demands between units of an institution, often represent bottlenecks in performance, caracterized for errors, delays and low quality / efficiency, among others, with a significant impact on the final product / service. A methodology that addresses these services can be a way for institutions such as governments meet the challenge of raising the standard of service to customers and citizens. Ontologies contribute to this optical in that create and conceptual relationships on the knowledge models. From them, inferences can be made both by humans and by machines, facilitating searches, maximizing disambiguations and establishing clear standards of communication. Thus, the present study had the vision to contribute to improving the efficiency and effectiveness in public administration, using the premises of the Service Charter with the main objective to describe these internal services in the form of an ontology. Was used as a research focus a representative public bank of the indirect administration and among the main findings, there was satisfactory use of a new methodology for creating ontologies, creating an ontology for the intended context (OntoCSI), the creation of application wiki pilot that showed the basic elements for collaborative construction of the Internal Services Charter template and the approval of this interface with experts and other stakeholders. / A quantidade e a diversidade de processos presentes nas grandes organiza????es s??o enormes. Considerando um contexto de alta produtividade e de alta rotatividade, o custo dos funcion??rios para obter a informa????o e o conhecimento necess??rios para a execu????o de suas tarefas, bem como a perda de conhecimento, origina preju??zo significativo. Entretanto, a Gest??o do Conhecimento (GC) fornece um horizonte neste campo e pode representar vantagem competitiva. As institui????es que criam novos conhecimentos de forma sustent??vel e os disseminam por toda a organiza????o possuem a capacidade de inovar, melhorando os processos e contornando eventuais crises. Os servi??os internos, demandas entre as unidades de uma institui????o, frequentemente representam gargalos em seu desempenho, tangibilizados por erros, atrasos e baixa qualidade/efici??ncia, entre outros, com reflexos significativos no produto/servi??o final. Uma metodologia que aborde estes servi??os pode ser uma via para institui????es, como os governos, cumprirem o desafio de elevar o padr??o dos servi??os prestados aos clientes e aos cidad??os. As ontologias contribuem para esta ??tica na medida em que criam modelos conceituais e de relacionamentos sobre o conhecimento. A partir delas, podem ser realizadas infer??ncias tanto por humanos quanto por m??quinas, facilitando buscas, maximizando desambigua????es e estabelecendo padr??es claros de comunica????o. Assim, a presente pesquisa teve a vis??o de contribuir com a melhoria da efici??ncia e da efic??cia na administra????o p??blica, utilizando as premissas da Carta de Servi??os com o objetivo principal de descrever estes servi??os internos sob a forma de uma ontologia. Utilizou-se como foco de pesquisa um banco p??blico representativo da administra????o indireta e, dentre os principais resultados, houve satisfat??ria utiliza????o de nova metodologia para a cria????o de ontologias, a cria????o de uma ontologia para o contexto pretendido (OntoCSI), a cria????o de aplica????o wiki piloto que mostrou os elementos b??sicos para constru????o colaborativa do modelo de Carta de Servi??os Interna e a aprova????o desta interface junto a especialistas e outras partes interessadas.