The objectives of the research were: (1) to conceptualise work-family conflict, stress, work engagement and personality from a theoretical perspective, exploring definitions, theoretical models and dimensions; (2) to investigate the relationship between work-family conflict, stress and work engagement; and (3) determine whether the Big Five personality traits influence how working women manage work-family conflict, stress and work engagement. A non-probability sample (n = 450) of working women aged 25 and older with children between 18 years and younger participated in the study. The findings of the study and the practical implications provide useful information about how working women with different personalities manage work-family conflict and stress, and how they can be engaged at work. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M. Com. (Industrial and Organisational Psychology)

Sammanfattning  Bakgrund: Region Västerbotten lanserade november 2021 ett internetbaserat program, baserat på Compassion Focused Therapy (CFT), för anställd personal med syfte att ge metoder för stresshantering och att uppmärksamma egna behov för att ha ett hälsosamt arbetsliv. Detta aktualiserar även behovet av att granska och utvärdera interventioner baserade på CFT. Design: Systematisk litteratursökning sammanställd i en kritisk review. Resultat:Studierna i vår översikt visar tydligt att compassion-interventionerna ökar individens grad av self-compassion och reducerar graden av självkritik vilket förebygger ohälsosam stress utifrån förbättrade hälsobeteenden och självreglering. Majoriteten av studierna genomförde enbart mätningar i direkt anslutning till själva interventionen. Endast en studie av 16 inkluderade studier genomförde en långtidsuppföljning mer än 1 år efter genomförd intervention.  Diskussion: Framtida studier rekommenderas undersöka långtidseffekterna av CFT, särskilt utifrån effekt på ohälsosam stress. Utifrån syftet att undersöka potentialen för CFT inom företagshälsovård, borde dessa studier undersöka hur self-compassion omsätts i hälsofrämjande beteenden på arbetet samt vilka faktorer i en organisation som främjar dessa beteenden.

Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka relationen mellan Work-life balance (WLB) och intentionen att säga upp sig (ITQ) hos skiftarbetare. För att undersöka Work-life balance relation till intentionen att säga upp sig delades work-life balance upp i sina underkategorier Work-family conflict (WFC) och Family-work conflict (FWC). En kvantitativ studie genomfördes via en digital enkät som distribuerades ut till 866 trafikoperatörer som arbetar skift inom en statlig myndighet för trafikledning. Av de 886 tillfrågade svarade 235 på enkäten och 188 av dem kom sedan att användas i analysen då 47 av svaren inte var fullständiga. De 188 svaren analyserades genom en hierarkisk multipel regressionsanalys. Resultatet visade att Work-life balance kan predicera en individs intention att säga upp sig och att Work-family conflikt var den konflikt som förklarade störst del av variansen i ITQ då FWC inte var en signifikant prediktor. Sambandet mellan Work-family conflict och intentionen att säga upp sig var att desto mer Work-family conflict desto högre intention att säga upp sig. / The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between Work-life balance and Intention to quit among shift workers. To examine the relationship between Work- Life balance and Intention to quit, Work-life balance was split up into its two subcategories Work-family conflict and Family-work conflict. A quantitative study was carried out through a digital survey that was distributed to 866 traffic-operators within a state department that operates in the field of traffic. Of the 866 respondents 235 answered the survey, 47 of the answers were not completed in full and were therefore ejected from the study, total answers used in the study was 188. The 188 answers were analyzed through a hierarchical regression analysis. The results showed that Work-life balance can predict an individual's intention to quit and that Work-family conflict was the conflict that to most extent explained the variance of intention to quit. The result also showed that Family-work conflict were not a significant predictor for intention to quit. The relation between Work-family conflict and intention to quit were displayed in the following way, more work-family conflict resulted in a higher intention to quit.

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This study used structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine how sleep problems, Body Mass Index (BMI), and poverty were related to several work, personal, and family variables in a sample of married male and female workers in the United States. The data for this study came from the National Study of the Changing Workforce (NSCW) 2008. This large, nationally representative dataset provided a resource for examining potential gender differences in variables that have been linked to sleep problems and increases in BMI, as well as how each of these variables relate to several work, personal, and family life outcomes, including marital satisfaction, work-to-family conflict, family-to-work conflict, self-reported health (SRH), and life satisfaction. Poverty, work hours, family meals, and workplace flexibility were analyzed in the model to assess their connections to sleep problems and BMI, as well as the five outcome variables. The SEM analysis utilized a multi-group gender comparison by analyzing differences between two group models consisting of married male employees (n = 1105) and married female employees (n = 1019) in the U.S. The model was significantly different for married males than married females. Several of the individual pathways in the model also differed significantly by gender. Family dinners and workplace flexibility seem to provide a positive influence on health and satisfaction outcomes, and relate negatively to sleep problems and BMI, as well as both types of work and family conflict. Sleep problems also were related to increased work-family conflict, and decreased health and satisfaction outcomes. Also, BMI scores were negatively related to self-reported health and life satisfaction. Overall, this study showed that several work and family demands and resources are related to sleep problems and BMI. It also demonstrated that sleep problems and BMI were generally related to negative outcomes in work, personal, and family life.

Structural equation modeling was used to explore associations between maternal work-to-family conflict, maternal involvement in schooling, and academic outcomes in early adolescents. Among a subsample of 725 fifth graders (and their employed mothers and teachers) from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (NICHD SECCYD), multigroup analyses were used to explore differences in this relationship between groups with mothers working part-time versus full-time. Results revealed that among part-time employed mothers maternal involvement in school fully mediated the relationship between maternal work-to-family conflict and fifth graders' academic achievement. For full-time employed mothers, maternal work-to-family conflict was not related to maternal involvement in school or academic outcomes. These findings suggest that mothers' involvement in school may be an important way in which negative outcomes of work-to-family conflict may be minimized. Prior research has not investigated the associations between work-to-family conflict and child outcomes. The present study suggests a need to further understand how aspects of the work-family interface relate to children. Further, results suggest a need to better understand the differences in the work-family interface between families where mothers are employed part-time versus full-time.

[pt] Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo central compreender a influência da adoção do home office na relação conflito trabalho-família para mulheres, com idades entre 25 e 60 anos, que passaram a trabalhar de forma remota ou híbrida a partir do advento da pandemia da Covid-19. A base conceitual considerada para análise desse fenômeno se concentrou nos temas conflito trabalho-família, teletrabalho e gênero. Diante do fato de a ampliação do trabalho remoto, modalidade de trabalho adotada pelas empresas durante a pandemia, ter impactado significativamente a vida das trabalhadoras, buscou-se compreender como tal mudança vem afetando a conciliação das esferas do trabalho e da vida familiar dessas mulheres. A metodologia adotada para este estudo foi de natureza qualitativa, com base nos relatos de quinze mulheres entrevistadas que atuam em diversos segmentos da economia. Dentre elas, sete tem filhos ou filhas. Os resultados obtidos indicam que onze se sentem sobrecarregadas, tanto as que são mães como as que não são. Destaca-se, ainda, que a maioria das entrevistadas prefere a modalidade de teletrabalho parcial, o denominado modelo híbrido, por conta da flexibilidade proporcionada. Observou-se, também, que grande parte continua assumindo a maior carga do trabalho doméstico e de cuidados, reforçando a visão estereotipada das mulheres como multitarefa e de que o trabalho remunerado exercido pelo marido é mais desgastante do que o exercido por elas. / [en] The main objective of this research was to understand the influence of the adoption of the home office on the work-family conflict relationship for women, aged between 25 and 60, who started to work remotely or in a hybrid way after the advent of the Covid-19 pandemic. The conceptual basis considered for the analysis of this phenomenon focused on the themes work-family conflict, telework and gender. Given the fact that the expansion of remote work, the work modality adopted by companies during the pandemic, has significantly impacted the lives of workers, we sought to understand how this change has affected the reconciliation of the spheres of work and family life of these women. The methodology adopted for this study was qualitative in nature, based on the reports of fifteen women interviewed who work in different segments of the economy. Among them, seven have sons or daughters. The results obtained indicate that eleven feel overwhelmed, both those who are mothers and those who are not. It is also noteworthy that most of the interviewees prefer the partial telework modality, the so-called hybrid model, due to the flexibility provided. It was also observed that a large part continues to assume the greatest burden of housework and care, reinforcing the stereotyped view of women as multitasking and that the paid work performed by the husband is more exhausting than the one performed by them.

Syftet med uppsatsen var att undersöka om det finns ett samband mellan oro för jobbförlust och upplevd work-life conflict. Uppsatsens teoretiska utgångspunkt grundar sig i forskning om rollkonflikt och anställningsotrygghet. Work-life conflict (WLC) definieras som en rollkonflikt där arbetslivet och privatlivet konkurrerar om en individs begränsade resurser. Oro för jobbförlust syftar i huvudsak till en subjektiv oro över att bli av med sin anställning, snarare än faktiskt otrygga anställningsvillkor. Uppsatsens datamaterial kommer från en tvärsnittsundersökning från den svenska studien inom det internationella forskningsprojektet ISSP från 2015 vilken undersöker åsikter om jobbet och arbetslivet via enkäter. Det obundna slumpmässiga urvalet har begränsats i uppsatsen och består av totalt 596 respondenter som alla vid tillfälle för besvarad enkät förvärvsarbetar. För att undersöka sambandet och testa hypotesen används linjär regressionsmodell som analysmetod. Resultaten visade på ett positivt samband mellan oro för jobbförlust och work-life conflict vilket förstärker tidigare forskningsresultat på området. I den multivariata regressionsanalysen inkluderas kontroll för demografiska, samt arbetslivsrelaterade variabler och sambandet blir något starkare. Sammanfattningsvis går det positiva sambandet mellan oro för jobbförlust och work-life conflict att generalisera till hela populationen, det vill säga Sveriges arbetande befolkning då resultatet i den multivariata regressionsanalysen är av statistisk signifikans. Dessa resultat bidrar med en ny kontext på forskningsfrågan i och med det bredare urvalet och intressanta samhällsläget.

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