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<p dir="ltr">A new class of bioplastics polymer materials synthesized from hemp-derived cannabinoids are demonstrated through a lifecycle approach. The poly(cannabinoid) material platform is utilized to develop application-specific polymers for the fabrication of electrocardiogram electrodes and on-skin heaters. A rigid homopolymer pCBD-adipate is synthesized to formulate conductive composite inks and a CBD/CBG block copolymer is developed as an adhesive. Inks are printed using the DIW process allowing for versatile and rapid prototyping of devices. ECG performance assessments yield comparable performance to conventional wet gel electrodes in ambient conditions, and improved performance in submerged testing. Heating devices are demonstrated for conformality by application to a joint, as well as self-regulating capabilities by controller-free joule heating. Following device applications, pCBD-adipate homopolymer conductive composite is used to demonstrate disposal routes of poly(cannabinoid)s through mechanical and chemical recycling. Mechanical recycling exhibits high conductivity over multiple cycles but notably diminishes. Chemical recycling achieved through base-catalyzed hydrolysis of the ester bonds is successfully shown to yield cannabidiol monomer after filtration, thereby paving the path towards full circularity of poly(cannabinoid)s.</p>

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T16:16:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Matilde Antonelli.pdf: 3019163 bytes, checksum: b1fa56e5a12288562365f215644e6ba2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-19 / This work aims to investigate the knowledge present in the pedagogical practice of six teachers who during their professional career presented a successful practice in teaching how to read and write, always acting in the peripheral region of one city of Big São Paulo. In this study I used semi-structured interviews, participant observation and report of their life history with the intention to answer the following questions: What is there of significance in the well succeeded practice of these teachers? Which knowledge is mobilized with students in the process of reading and writing? How do the teachers deal with different knowledge of the students and with the situations that they face with a possible absence of knowledge? Initially I describe the historical context of the read and write process in 1983 with the implantation of the Basic Cycle (DURAN, 1995), period in which the target teachers of this research began their teaching career in the state web of schools and were challenged to face a new forms of thinking the read and write process within the psychogenesis of the written language (FERREIRO AND TEBEROSKY, 1979), which takes as basis the Piaget constructivism in a dialogic action with authors who prioritize the reflection on knowledge and pedagogical practice. (FREIRE, 1996, OLIVEIRA, 1997, ALARCÃO 2005 AND TARDIF, 2007). The results show that the construction of knowledge of the teachers in the conduct of the work in classrooms occur along with the trajectory of formation and pedagogical acting in different moments. In the dialogue with live experience with produced pedagogical material in the relation with the children they work with in the course of formation in which they take part in the partnership and exchanges with teachers. The creativity facing the challenges of read/write process make they reorganize the knowledge and look for knowledge in which the quality of their intervention and pedagogical actions attend the diversity which constitutes the classroom space. Because they believe in the capacity of children they present challenging activities which can make possible the reflection on the reading and writing processes. Always respecting the previous knowledge of the students who interact with them and constructing knowledge.(AU) / Objetivando investigar os saberes presentes na prática pedagógica de seis professoras que, ao longo de sua trajetória profissional, apresentaram uma prática bem-sucedida na alfabetização, sempre atuando em região periférica de uma cidade da Grande São Paulo, utilizei, neste estudo, entrevista semiestruturada, observação participante e relato de história de vida, no intuito de responder às questões: O que há de significativo nas práticas bem-sucedidas das professoras alfabetizadoras? Quais saberes são mobilizados com os educandos no processo de alfabetização? Como as professoras lidam com diferentes saberes dos alunos e com as situações em que se defrontam com um possível não saber? Inicialmente, descrevo o contexto histórico da alfabetização em 1983, com a implantação do Ciclo Básico de Alfabetização (DURAN, 1995), período em que as professoras-alvo da pesquisa iniciaram carreira no magistério na rede pública estadual e foram desafiadas a uma nova forma de pensar a alfabetização no âmbito da Psicogênese da Língua Escrita (FERREIRO e TEBEROSKY, 1979), embasadas no construtivismo piagetiano, numa ação dialógica com autores que priorizam a reflexão sobre saberes e prática pedagógica (FREIRE, 1996; OLIVEIRA, 1997; ALARCÃO, 2005 e TARDIF, 2007). Os resultados mostram que a constituição dos saberes das professoras na condução do trabalho em sala de aula ocorre ao longo da trajetória de formação e atuação pedagógica, em diferentes momentos: no diálogo com experiências vividas, com materiais pedagógicos produzidos; na relação com as crianças com quem convivem; nos cursos de formação de que participam; nas parcerias e trocas com professores. A criatividade diante dos desafios de alfabetizar faz com que reorganizem o saber e busquem conhecimentos para que a qualidade das intervenções e ações pedagógicas atenda a diversidade que compõe o espaço da sala de aula. Por acreditarem na capacidade das crianças, propiciam atividades desafiadoras que oportunizam a reflexão sobre a leitura e a escrita (FERREIRO, 1989, LERNER, 2002 & WEISZ, 2002), sempre respeitando os conhecimentos prévios do aprendiz que interage com elas e constrói conhecimentos.(AU)

The purpose with my essay is to investigate Church of Sweden’s prayer web page during September 2011 and September 2014. The purpose is to find out if there are any differences or similarities during the year 2011 and the year 2014, in the month of September, by examining literature and prayer that people have sent to prayer site. The Church of Sweden belongs to Lutheran belief.2 On the church of Sweden prayer site there is a digital web page where visitors can send a prayer or light a candle. It is possible to do it individually or in a group. At the prayer site you can read people`s prayers. The Essay investigates what people pray for and what types of prayers that are published on the digital prayer site. My hypothesis is that there should be small differences between year 2011 and year 2014 since there are only three years between 2011 and 2014. My questions are: When comparing September 2011 and September 2014, are there any differences concerning the way the web page visitors choose to address God? Are there any changes concerning the content of the prayers when comparing September 2011 and September 2014? The conclusion is that the difference between year 2011 and year 2014 is that year 2014 was more politically oriented than the year 2011 because in the year 2014 there was a general election. Some prayers wished for a good government. Year 2011 there were more prayers submitted than the year 2014. In the church of Sweden digital prayer site you can find the differences which occur and also which the similarities are. The method which is used is quantitative method since the essay method contains statistics. I also apply comparative method because I am going to compare the year 2011 with the year 2014. When I was preparing for the essay I used qualitative method as preparation. No other person has specifically written an essay about the prayers on the Church of Sweden’s prayer site in September year 2011 and 2014.

Low profile, conformal antennas have considerable advantages for Aerospace and Military platforms where conventional antenna system add weight and drag. Direct Write (DW) technology has been earmarked as a potential method for fabricating low profile antennas directly onto structural components. This thesis determines the key design rules and requirements for DW fabrication of planar antennas. From this, three key areas were investigated: the characterisation of DW ink materials for functionality and durability in harsh environments, localised processing of DW inks and the optimisation of DW conductive ink material properties for antenna fabrication. This study mainly focused on established DW technologies such as micro-nozzle and inkjet printing due to their ability to print on conformal surfaces. From initial characterisation studies it was found that silver based micro-nozzle PTF inks had greater adhesion then silver nano-particle inkjet inks but had lower conductivity (2% bulk conductivity of silver as opposed to 8% bulk conductivity). At higher curing temperatures (>300??C) inkjet inks were able to achieve conductivities of 33% bulk conductivity of silver. However, these temperatures were not suitable for processing on temperature sensitive surfaces such as carbon fibre. Durability tests showed that silver PTF inks were able to withstand standard aerospace environments apart from Skydrol immersion. It was found that DW inks should achieve a minimum conductivity of 30% bulk silver to reduce antenna and transmission line losses. Using a localised electroplating process (known as brush plating) it was shown that a copper layer could be deposited onto silver inkjet inks and thermoplastic PTF inks with a copper layer exhibiting a bulk conductivity of 66% bulk copper and 57% bulk copper respectively. This was an improvement on previous electroless plating techniques which reported bulk copper conductivities of 50% whilst also enabling DW inks to be plated without the need for a chemical bath. One of the limitations of many DW ink materials is they require curing or sintering before they become functional. Conventional heat treatment is performed using an oven which is not suitable when processing DW materials onto large structural component. Previous literature has investigated laser curing as means of overcoming this problem. However, lasers are monochromatic and can therefore be inefficient when curing materials that have absorption bands that differ from the laser wavelength. To investigate this, a laser diode system was compared to a broadband spot curing system. In the curing trials it was found that silver inks could be cured with much lower energy density (by a factor of 10) using the broadband white light source. Spectroscopy also revealed that broadband curing could be more advantageous when curing DW dielectric ink materials as these inks absorb at multiple wavelengths but have low heat conductivity. Themodynamical modelling of the curing process with the broadband heat source was also performed. Using this model it was shown that the parameters required to cure the ink with the broadband heat source only caused heat penetration by a few hundred micro-metres into the top surface of the substrate at very short exposure times (~1s). This suggested that this curing method could be used to process the DW inks on temperature sensitive materials without causing any significant damage. Using a combination of the developments made in this thesis the RF properties of the DW inks were measured after broadband curing and copper plating. It was found that the copper plated DW ink tracks gave an equivalent transmission line loss to a copper etched line. To test this further a number of GPS patch antennas were fabricated out of the DW ink materials. Again the copper plated antenna gave similar properties to the copper etched antenna. To demonstrate the printing capabilities of the micro-nozzle system a mock wireless telecommunications antenna was fabricated on to a GRP UAV wing. In this demonstrator a dielectric and conductive antenna pattern was fabricated on to the leading edge of the wing component using a combination of convection curing and laser curing (using an 808nm diode laser).

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With increasing scrutiny over standards of financial statement transparency, this paper attempts to resolve misconceptions about effects of negative special items on future earnings. Value investor Benjamin Graham advises students to avoid firms that consistently post special items, because it is indicative of the volatility of the business. Using panel data from 2003 to 2014 and a regression structure used by Burghstaler et al. (2002), I find in contrast to Graham’s warning, that negative special items significantly increase earnings in the four quarters following its occurrence. Furthermore, I analyze results by sector and find that negative special items in the Information Technology sector have the most dramatic positive effects on future earnings. This study gives investors more insight as to what negative special items mean for future earnings of a company.

本研究的目的在於探討兩個問題：一、上市公司因應財務會計準則公報第三十五號公報的採用而宣告資產減損，市場的反應是正面的(positive)還是負面的(negative)？亦即，資產減損宣告對公司價值的影響為何？二、投資人對於資產減損宣告會過度反應(over-reaction)還是反應不足(under-reaction)？由於財務會計準則公報第三十五號公報的實施截至目前為止尚不足兩年，本研究對於本課題的研究著重在資產減損宣告和股價的關係突顯了這個課題的獨特性和重要性。本研究係採事件研究法以檢驗台灣上市公司採用財務會計準則公報第三十五號公報對於其股價的表現是否會造成影響。除了全數樣本的分析之外，亦將全數樣本依照減損公司的特性和減損資產的特性分成子樣本；或在事件研究法中傳統的市場模型當中加入利率因素或產業因素兩個控制變數並區分成對金融業和非金融業加以分析——目的在於探討這些分類或因素是不是造成資產減損宣告對股價反應的原因。實證結果發現：一、不論是採用哪一種子樣本的分類方式，市場對資產減損宣告的反應都是負向的；二、和利率因素相比，產業因素比較能解釋資產減損宣告前後的股價反應，且對於金融業或非金融業結論皆然；三、30天期的股價反應顯示，投資人對於資產減損宣告有過度反應的現象，因為在產業分類之下股價在12天至18天左右有迴轉(reversal)的現象。 / The purpose of this paper is to answer two questions: 1. Does the market react positively or negatively to asset write-down announcements? Or, what is the impact of asset impairment on the firm value? 2. Do investors over-react or under-react to asset write-down announcements? Given the recent enforcement of SFAS No.35 about asset write-down, this study supplements the importance of that pronouncement by demonstrating the relation between write-downs and security prices. This study employs the event study methodology to examine the impact of SFAS No.35 on the stock performance of those listed firms (i.e., whose stocks are listed on the Taiwan Stock Exchange) that apply the regulation. Partitions methods based on write-down asset and write-down firm characteristics are adopted. Moreover, two other control variables—industry factor or interest rate factor—are added to the traditional market model for the financial industry and non-financial industries to see if these factors can also explain the market reaction around write-down announcements. The result shows that the market reacts negatively to asset written-down announcement whatever the partition method is adopted. And the industry return is proved to be the better factor that can explain the market reaction than the interest rate factor. The near-term stock performance in the (-30, 30) period shows that investors tend to over-react to write-down announcements, for the stock price signals a reversal after the announcement date.

Prior to Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No.121 (SFAS No.121): Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and Long-Lived Assets to Be Disposed Of, managers had substantial discretion concerning the amount and timing of reporting writedowns of long-lived assets. Moreover, the frequency and dollar amount of asset writedown announcements that led to a large “surprise” caused the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to consider the need for a new standard to guide the recording of impairment of long-lived assets. This study has two primary objectives. First, it investigates the effects of SFAS No.121 on asset impairment reporting, examining whether SFAS No.121 reduces the magnitude and restricts the timing of reporting asset writedowns. Second, the study compares the information content (surprise element) of the asset impairment loss announcement as measured by cumulative abnormal returns (CAR) before and after the issuance of SFAS No.121. The findings provide support for the hypothesis that the FASB's new accounting standard does not affect the magnitude of asset writedown losses. The findings also provide support for the hypothesis that SFAS No. 121 does not affect the management choice of the timing for reporting asset writedowns. In addition, the findings suggest that the market evaluates the asset writedown losses after the issuance of SFAS No. 121 as good news for “big bath” firms, while, for “income smoothing” firms, the market does not respond to the announcements of asset writedown losses either before or after the issuance of SFAS No. 121. The findings also suggest that, for “big bath” firms, the market perceives the announcement of asset impairment losses after the adoption of SFAS No. 121 as more credible relative to that before its issuance. This could be because the practice of reporting asset writedowns after the issuance of SFAS No. 121 is under the FASB's authoritative guidance, which brings consistency and comparability in asset impairment reporting.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:58:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Erivaldo dos Santos.pdf: 672844 bytes, checksum: 239c6b67d4e3fd2c078eba34242dfb1a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-10-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This dissertation deals with the quotations and allusions found in Machado s chronicles. This study focuses on the circuit of the Sermon on the Mount as a reading and writing strategy in the process of alluding and quoting; its rewriting strengths are found in inversion through irony or parody in tune with the seriocomic Lucianic lineage. Five chronicles were selected for the body of this research, namely: "Parasite II" in the "Watercolors" section of October 9th, 1859, published in The Mirror newspaper; the chronicles published in the "By chance" section of June 12nd, 1864 and 22 August 1864, in the Rio de Janeiro newspaper, and besides these, two more chronicles from September 4th , 1892 and March 25th , 1894, which were published in the " The Week" section of the Gazeta de Noticias newspaper. We raised the following question as the central issue of this study: how does Machado de Assis make use of quotations and allusions, thus emptying the canonical discourse and revealing its anti-dogmatism? We hypothesize that the use of quotations and allusions is Machdo s method of reading and writing inside out, which is based on irony and parody, so as to empty the canonical discourse of the biblical tradition, represented by the Sermon on the Mount. Our research was guided by the theoretical support on the readable and writeable text of Barthes and parody grounded in Linda Hutcheon and Bakhtin, in addition to the studies of Enylton de Sá Rego regarding the link of Machado's work with the Menippus satire genre of Lucianic lineage. After reading, analyzing and comparing the quotations and allusions of the Sermon on Mountain in selected chronicles, we believe that Machado de Assis makes uses of quotations and allusions, albeit in a lesser degree, a genre called chronicle, as the discursive strategies that aim at training the reader / Esta dissertação tem como tema a citação e a alusão na crônica machadiana. Objetiva-se estudar o circuito do Sermão da Montanha como estratégia de leitura e de escritura no processo de aludir e citar, tendo na inversão da fonte por ironia ou paródia sua força de reescritura afinada com o sério-cômico de linhagem luciânica. Cinco crônicas foram selecionadas para corpus desta pesquisa, a saber: Parasita II na seção Aquarelas de 9 de outubro 1859, publicada no periódico O Espelho; as publicadas na seção Ao acaso de 12 de junho de 1864 e de 22 de agosto de 1864, no Diário do Rio de Janeiro; além de duas outras - as de 4 de setembro de 1892 e 25 de março de 1894, publicadas na seção A Semana do periódico Gazeta de Notícias. Levantamos como problema da pesquisa a seguinte indagação: como Machado de Assis, pelo uso da citação e da alusão, esvazia o discurso canônico e revela seu antidogmatismo? Como hipótese, consideramos o uso da citação e da alusão como método machadiano de ler-escrever pelo avesso, fundado sobre a ironia e a paródia, de sorte a esvaziar o discurso canônico de tradição bíblica, representado pelo Sermão da Montanha. Norteamos a pesquisa pelo suporte teórico sobre texto legível e escriptível de Barthes e os de paródia alicerçados em Linda Hutcheon e Bakthin, além dos estudos de Enylton de Sá Rego sobre o vínculo da obra machadiana com a sátira menipeia de linhagem luciânica. Após leitura, análise e comparação entre as citações e alusões do Sermão da Montanha nas crônicas selecionadas, consideramos que Machado de Assis se utiliza de citação e alusão, ainda que num gênero considerado menor como a crônica, como estratégias discursivas que visam à formação do leitor