Entrevista a Fernando D’Alessio, Director General de CENTRUM Católica.

En el presente artículo, los autores señalan que la existencia de un contrato desequilibradono implica que la transacción sea desequilibrada, sino que el vendedor tendrá discreción respecto de cómo tratar al consumidor. Un contrato desequilibrado, por lo tanto, podría ser preferible exante como un mecanismo menos costoso para inducir resultados eficientes en caso surgieran contingencias durante la ejecución del contrato.

Allt fler organisationer börjar se nyttan med Business Intelligence och varför det bör implementeras i sin verksamhet. Genom att använda sig av beslutsstödsystem kan organisationer samla ihop och bearbeta affärs-data och på så sätt få ut mer av sin verksamhet. Idag räcker det inte längre att ha tillgång till endast företagsinformationen inom verksamheten utan det behövs också kunna utnyttja realtids datan genom de mobila enheterna, detta genom Mobile Business Intelligence. Det handlar om en mobil variant av den traditionella business Intelligence (BI).  Med tanke på den mobila användningen ökade tillgängligheten samt prestandan i mobila enheter, så finns det stora möjligheter för Mobile BI ute i verksamheterna. Mobile BI som vilket nytt system som helst kommer även en viss problematik, kritiska framgångsfaktorer har analyserats och utvärderats. Inom dimensionen organisationsstöd identifierades två framgångsfaktorer som kunde styrkas vid namn managementsupport och skickligheter & kunskaper. Utöver dessa kunde även ytterligare två framgångsfaktorer styrkas som kritiska, nämligen datasäkerhet och användbarheten genom den begränsade skärm-ytan. Med denna studie ska det underlätta och göra det enklare för verksamheter att implementera Mobile BI i sin verksamhet. Studien tar upp viktiga framgångsfaktorer vid en implementation av Mobile BI och vad organisationer bör ha i åtanke. / More and more organizations are beginning to see the benefits of Business Intelligence and why it should be implemented into their business. By using decision support systems, organizations can merge and process business data and thus get more out of their business. Today, access to business information within the business is no longer sufficient, but it also needs to be able to use real-time data through the mobile devices. This through Mobile Business Intelligence, which is about a mobile variant of the traditional business intelligence (BI). Given the current mobile usage and how it has increased accessibility and mobile device performance, there are great opportunities for Mobile BI in the business. Mobile BI as any new system will also come with a certain problematic and critical success factors have been analyzed and evaluated. Within the organizational support dimension, two success factors were identified that was confirmed critical by name management support and knowledge and skills. In addition to these, another two success factors could be proved critical, named data security and usability through the limited screen area. With this study, it will facilitate and make it easier for businesses to implement Mobile BI in their operations. The study addresses key success factors in implementing Mobile BI and what organizations should keep in mind.

Intelligence is vital for the outcome of battles. As long as humans wage war, there will be a need for decision support to military and civilian leaders regarding adversaries or potential adversaries. However, the production of intelligence is neither easy nor without pitfalls. There is a need to better understand the predicaments of intelligence analysis. Intelligence is bureaucratically produced as well as socially constructed and created in a distinct cultural context. The ‘institution’ captures these three aspects of influence. Therefore, with a particular focus on military intelligence, this thesis aims to deepen the understanding regarding institutional influence on intelligence assessments. The literature regarding intelligence has grown steadily over the last three decades. However, theories and frameworks aimed to understand the phenomenon are still sparse. This is even more true for literature regarding contemporary military intelligence. This thesis intends to contribute to bridging these research gaps. This is done by studying the Swedish military intelligence institution from several different perspectives: its rules-in-use, shared beliefs, and the incoming stimuli primarily related to conducting threat assessments. More precisely the thesis investigates the use of quantitative methods, doctrines (i.e. the formal rules), and shared beliefs connected to epistemological assumptions and threat assessments. The main contribution of this thesis is that it establishes and describes a casual link between a military intelligence institution and an assessment, by drawing upon rulesin-use and belief systems and their effect on the mental model and consequently the perception of the situation connected to a cognitive bias, and thereby its effect on a given assessment. The thesis makes an effort to render intelligence studies more generalizable, by way of adopting the Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) framework. The metatheoretical language of the IAD is a promising avenue for explaining and describing the institutional influence on intelligence assessments. / Underrättelse är en avgörande komponent för utfallet av väpnad strid. Så länge människor krigar, kommer det att finnas ett behov av beslutsstöd till militära och civila ledare angående dess motståndare och potentiella motståndare. Produktionen av underrättelse är dock inte lätt eller utan fallgropar. Det finns där för ett behov av att öka förståelsen för de predikamenten kopplade till underrättelseanalys. Underrättelse som produkt är byråkratiskt såväl som socialt konstruerad och skapas i ett distinkt kulturellt sammanhang. Konceptet "Institution" kan ses fånga alla dessa tre aspekter. Därför handlar det speciellt om militär intelligens, som handlar om att förstå det institutionella inflytandet på intelligensbedömningar. Den tillgängliga underrättelselitteraturen har ökat stadigt under de senaste tre decennierna. Dock gällande teorier och ramverk på området som syftar till att förstå fenomenet är det emellertid fortfarande lite gjort. Detta gäller i än högre utsträckning för det specifika området modern militärunderrättelse verksamhet. Avhandlingen avser att bidra till att överbrygga dessa forskningsgap. Detta görs genom att studera den svenska militärunderrättelseinstitutionen ur flera perspektiv. Dess regler-i-bruk, delad trossystem/övertygelser samt den inkommande stimuli(data/information) primärt kopplade till hur hotbedömningar genomförs. Mer exakt granskar avhandlingen användningen av kvantitativa metoder, doktriner (dvs de formella reglerna) och delade föreställningar kopplade till epistemologiska antaganden och hotbedömningar. Huvudresultatet av denna avhandling är att det etablerar och beskriver en länk mellan en militärunderrättelseinstitution och de bedömningar som görs. Det går att se en direkt länk mellan de regler-i-bruk samt institutionens trossystem och deras inverkan på individens mentalmodellen. Detta sker genom att de rådande reglerna påverkar förekomesten av kognitivt bias vilket där med påverkar analytikerns uppfattning av en given situation. Avhandlingen har där med en ambition att göra studier i underrättelseanalys mer generaliserbara, genom att applicera och utveckla ramverket för institutionell analys och utveckling (IAD). Det metadeteoretiska språket i IAD är en lovande aveny för att förklara och beskriva det institutionella inflytandet på intelligensbedömningar.

Den ökade mängden realtidsdata som bland annat IoT-utvecklingen för med sig gör business intelligence (BI) i realtid mer relevant än någonsin. Då många BI-projekt tenderar till att misslyckas är förståelse av kritiska framgångsfaktorer vitalt. Denna studie syftar till att undersöka vilka skillnader i kritiska framgångsfaktorer som utmärker implementationer av realtids-BI (RBI) system jämfört med BI-implementationer. Semistrukturerade intervjuer baserade på forskning kring framgångsfaktorer för BI har använts för att undersöka utmärkande drag för RBI. Studien har identifierat att RBI kräver en arkitektur designad för att stödja analys av strömmande data samt att RBI kräver ett mer visionärt och experimentellt förhållningssätt. Slutligen belyser studien att risken för feltolkning och felaktiga slutsatser ökar då beslut tas utifrån rådata. Därmed krävs en högre datakvalitet vid RBI för att data ska anses vara av en hållbar kvalitet. / The increased amount of real-time data, such as IoT's development, makes business intelligence (BI) in real-time more relevant than ever before. As many BI projects tend to fail, the understanding of critical success factors are vital. This study aims to investigate the differences in critical success factors that characterize implementations of real-time BI (RBI) systems versus BI implementations. Semi-structured interviews based on research of critical success factors for BI has been used to investigate distinguishing features for RBI. The study has identified that RBI requires an architecture designed to support analysis of streaming data and that a more visionary and experimental approach is required. Finally, the study highlights that the risk of misinterpretation and incorrect conclusions increases when decisions are taken based on raw data. Therefore, higher data quality is required to be considered to be a sustainable quality in the RBI context.

Submitted by Joana Azevedo (joanad@id.uff.br) on 2017-08-25T12:49:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Breno Brand.pdf: 2005938 bytes, checksum: 738642092108794572add80f38bd4846 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Biblioteca da Escola de Engenharia (bee@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-08-25T16:14:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Breno Brand.pdf: 2005938 bytes, checksum: 738642092108794572add80f38bd4846 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-25T16:14:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Breno Brand.pdf: 2005938 bytes, checksum: 738642092108794572add80f38bd4846 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-03 / A forma como uma organização utiliza seus recursos de Tecnologia da Informação (TI) pode definir seu desempenho. A Business Intelligence (BI) é uma ferramenta de TI, que tem como principal característica a transformação de dados de diversos Sistemas da Informação (SIs) em informações úteis para a melhorada gestão em aspectos externos (mercado) e internos (processos). Apesar de serem reconhecidos pela literatura científica, muitas empresas ainda têm dificuldades em obter os benefícios desta tecnologia. Sua avaliação é crucial para se entender porque uma ferramenta com tantas vantagens ainda é alvo de dificuldades de implantação e uso no setor de Telecomunicações. Esta dissertação tem por objetivo avaliar a BI em empresas do setor de telecomunicação por meio de atributos de avaliação de TI. Para isso, foi utilizado o método de múltiplos estudos de caso; a abordagem qualitativa, com roteiros de perguntas fechadas e abertas, com entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas com os gestores de TI e usuários do sistema. A avaliação da BI, realizada entre gestores os entrevistados, tem como objetivo a triangulação dos dados, entre o fornecedor da tecnologia e o usuário da BI nas três organizações pesquisadas. O trabalho finaliza com a identificação de que as principais vantagens da BI identificadas na literatura estão alinhados com a pesquisa de campo. A integração de dados de diferentes SIs com dados atualizados em tempo real garante melhor entendimento da organização e resulta em decisões com maior qualidade e agilidade. Seu principal problema, atualmente, está na dificuldade de selecionar relatórios úteis em meio a um grande volume de informações. As motivações e pressões para implantá-la estão não só nos seus benefícios, mas no alinhamento do planejamento estratégico da organização com os benefícios da BI. Para se ter sucesso com a BI é preciso que seus diversos aspectos determinantes sejam satisfeitos; a existência prévia da cultura decisória analítica, o apoio da alta diretoria e, assim, o alinhamento estratégico com a organização e a presença de um líder que tenha grande conhecimento tanto da organização como um todo e conhecimento técnico sobre a BI e seu conjunto de vantagens e benefícios. / Nowadays, the way companies use their Information Technology (IT) resources defines their performance. The Business Intelligence (BI) is an IT tool which transforms data from Information Systems (IS) of the company into useful information to improve external and internal business management. Even though their advantages are well known in the scientific literature, many companies still fail on obtaining its benefits. The assessment of BI is important to provide understanding on why it is difficult to have benefits from the tool. Therefore, it is important to evaluate BI and understand the value and efficiency of management actions and IT investments in the Telecommunication sector. This essay objectives to evaluate BI in companies on the telecommunications sector through IT assessment attributes. For that, it was used the multiple study case method, a qualitative approach followed by questionnaire with both closed an opened questions and semi structured interviews with CIOs and the system’s users. The IT evaluation was performed with these interviewed in order to obtain a triangulation of data between user and IT supplier in the three researched organizaions. This essay ends with the identification of the main BI advantages ground in the scientific literature that are in line with the founds on field research. The data integration from the organization’s different ISs into a central system with updated data and available in real time ensures better understanding of the organization and provides more quality in the decision-making process. BI’s main current problem is in the difficulty on selection useful reports among huge volume of information, also known as big data. The main motivations and pressures to implement BI are not only on its benefits but in aligning it with the organizaion’s strategic plan. In order to be successful with BI, there are some crucial factors that must be satisfied; the prior existence of the analytical decision-making culture, the support of the executives and thus the organizaion’s strategic alignment with BI; and the presence of a leader with great knowledge of both organization as a whole and technical knowledge about BI and its set of advantages and benefits.

Submitted by Maria Aparecida (cidazen@gmail.com) on 2017-04-17T12:23:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tiago Martins Ribeiro.pdf: 2146814 bytes, checksum: c04c7e63303157b4345d0985576e1620 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-17T12:23:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tiago Martins Ribeiro.pdf: 2146814 bytes, checksum: c04c7e63303157b4345d0985576e1620 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-20 / CAPES / Complex optimization problems have been studied over the years by researchers seeking better solutions, these studies have encouraged the development of several algorithms of artificial intelligence, and a part of them are bio-inspired methods, based on the behavior of populations. These algorithms target to develop techniques based on nature in search of solutions to these problems. In this work, was introduced as a purpose, an algorithm based on the behavior of locust swarms, the Locust Swarm Optimizer (LSO). The behavior of the desert locust is introduced highlighting the formation of clouds of attacks caused by a synthesized neurotransmitter monoamine, present on the insect, known as serotonin. Observing this behavior, the LSO was developed. It was compared to other known artificial intelligence techniques through 23 benchmark functions and also tested on an power system economical dispatch problem. From the point of view of the results and the ease of implementation, it can be concluded that the LSO algorithm is very competitive as compared to existing methods / Problemas complexos de otimização vêm sendo estudados ao longo dos anos por pesquisadores que buscam melhores soluções, estes estudos incentivaram o desenvolvimento de vários algoritmos de inteligência artificial, sendo que uma parte deles são métodos bioinspirados, baseados no comportamento de populações. Estes algoritmos têm como objetivo desenvolver técnicas baseadas na natureza em busca de soluções para estes problemas. Neste trabalho um algoritmo baseado no comportamento de enxames de gafanhotos-do-deserto, o Locust Swarm Optimizer (LSO), foi introduzido como objetivo. O comportamento do gafanhoto-do-deserto é apresentado destacando a formação de nuvens de ataques causada por uma monoamina neurotransmissora sintetizada, presente no inseto, conhecido por serotonina. Observando este comportamento, foi desenvolvido o LSO. Ele foi comparado com outras conhecidas técnicas de inteligência artificial através de 23 funções benchmarks e também, testado em um problema de despacho econômico. Do ponto de vista dos resultados e da facilidade de implementação, pode-se concluir que o algoritmo LSO é bastante competitivo comparado aos métodos atuais existentes.

No description available.

The essence and management of competitive cooperation are defined in the master's dissertation. The main reason for the transition to competitive cooperation was identified. The tools of marketing management in competitive cooperation are grounded. The analysis of mutual relations of the companies in the industrial market is made. The creation of a competitive cooperation ALMA ceramica is justified. A method for analyzing the possible choice of alternatives has been developed. A model of competitive cooperation has been created. / В магистерской диссертации определены сущность и управление конкурентным сотрудничеством. Определена главная причина перехода к конкурентному сотрудничеству. Обоснованы инструменты управления маркетингом в конкурентном сотрудничестве. Произведен анализ взаимоотношений компаний на промышленном рынке. Обосновано создание конкурентного сотрудничества компании ALMA ceramica. Разработан метод анализа возможного выбора альтернатив. Создана модель конкурентного сотрудничества.

Most of managers are concerning on the practical work of making a good strategic planning for their company, but they pay a little attention in theories where it is helpful for them to build the insights of competitive analysis. This paper aims to provide managers with understanding the insight of market intelligence and how market intelligence will be used in building the competitive analysis through industry analysis, company analysis, competitor analysis, business intelligence, and marketing intelligence. This study will be useful, practical and able to provide guidance for the practical application of ideal concepts in real situation. This paper is not only applicable for managers but also it is useful for business school faculty and students since they could find this book to be a supplement to the more academic articles available.