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In this thesis we see two new approaches to compose tree transducers and more general to fuse functional programs. The first abroach is based on initial algebras. We prove a new variant of the acid rain theorem for mutually recursive functions where the build function is substituted by a concrete functor. Moreover, we give a symmetric form (i.e. consumer and producer have the same syntactic form) of our new acid rain theorem where fusion is composition in a category and thus in particular associative. Applying this to compose top-down tree transducers yields the same result (on a syntactic level) as the classical top-down tree transducer composition. The second approach is based on free monads and monad transformers. In the same way as monoids are used in the theory of character string automata, we use monads in the theory of tree transducers. We generalize the notion of a tree transducer defining the monadic transducer, and we prove an according fusion theorem. Moreover, we prove that homomorphic monadic transducers are semantically equivalent. The latter makes it possible to compose syntactic classes of tree transducers (or particular functional programs) by simply composing endofunctors.

In this thesis we see two new approaches to compose tree transducers and more general to fuse functional programs. The first abroach is based on initial algebras. We prove a new variant of the acid rain theorem for mutually recursive functions where the build function is substituted by a concrete functor. Moreover, we give a symmetric form (i.e. consumer and producer have the same syntactic form) of our new acid rain theorem where fusion is composition in a category and thus in particular associative. Applying this to compose top-down tree transducers yields the same result (on a syntactic level) as the classical top-down tree transducer composition. The second approach is based on free monads and monad transformers. In the same way as monoids are used in the theory of character string automata, we use monads in the theory of tree transducers. We generalize the notion of a tree transducer defining the monadic transducer, and we prove an according fusion theorem. Moreover, we prove that homomorphic monadic transducers are semantically equivalent. The latter makes it possible to compose syntactic classes of tree transducers (or particular functional programs) by simply composing endofunctors.

The radiative &amp / #969 / &amp / #8594 / &amp / #960 / 0&amp / #960 / 0&amp / #947 / , &amp / #961 / &amp / #8594 / &amp / #960 / 0&amp / #960 / 0&amp / #947 / , &amp / #969 / &amp / #8594 / &amp / #960 / +&amp / #960 / &amp / #8722 / &amp / #947 / and &amp / #961 / &amp / #8594 / &amp / #960 / +&amp / #960 / &amp / #8722 / &amp / #947 / decays are studied by adding the effect of vector meson mixing to the amplitude of these decays. For the above decays we consider only &amp / #961 / &amp / #8722 / &amp / #969 / mixing. In addition to the &amp / #961 / &amp / #8722 / &amp / #969 / mixing, we also analyse the contributions coming from different intermediate states to examine the decay mechanism of these decays in a phenomenological framework. For &amp / #969 / &amp / #8594 / &amp / #960 / 0&amp / #960 / 0&amp / #947 / decay, we consider the contributions of the &amp / #961 / -meson and &amp / #963 / -meson intermediate states and of the kaon-loop, and for the &amp / #961 / &amp / #8594 / &amp / #960 / 0&amp / #960 / 0&amp / #947 / decay we calculate the amplitude using the contributions of the &amp / #969 / -meson and &amp / #963 / -meson intermediate states and pion-loop. Moreover, the radiative &amp / #969 / &amp / #8594 / &amp / #960 / +&amp / #960 / &amp / #8722 / &amp / #947 / decay is studied by considering the contributions of &amp / #963 / -meson and &amp / #961 / -meson intermediate states and the decay &amp / #961 / &amp / #8594 / &amp / #960 / +&amp / #960 / &amp / #8722 / &amp / #947 / is investigated by taking into account the contributions of bremmsstrahlung, pion-loop and &amp / #963 / - meson intermediate state amplitude. We also estimate the coupling constant g&amp / #969 / &amp / #963 / &amp / #947 / utilizing the latest experimental value of the branching ratio &amp / #969 / &amp / #8594 / &amp / #960 / 0&amp / #960 / 0&amp / #947 / .

This thesis is an attempt to analyze the narrative structure of Kemalettin Tugcu&amp / #8217 / s novels for children that became popular in the 1960s and the 1970s. It examines the representations of childhood, adulthood, orphanhood, richness and poverty in Tugcu&amp / #8217 / s books through the relations between the child and the adult and the rich and the poor. The poor orphan child that is portrayed especially as savior and virtuous is the main character of Tugcu&amp / #8217 / s novels. Socio-cultural hierarchies are represented primarily through the encounter and the relationship of the poor orphan child with the adults and the rich. This study argues that Kemalettin Tugcu&amp / #8217 / s novels represent orphanhood and poverty primarily as moral-spiritual states and not simply a materialeconomic situation. The thesis also pays attention to the conservative themes in Tugcu&amp / #8217 / s books.

Interactive classi&amp / #64257 / cation is an attractive alternative and complementary for automatic classi&amp / #64257 / cation of satellite image content, since the subject is visual and there are not yet powerful computational features corresponding to the sought visual features. In this study, we improve our previous attempt by building a more stable software system with better capabilities for interactive classi&amp / #64257 / cation of the content of satellite images. The system allows user to indicate a few number of image regions that contain a speci&amp / #64257 / c geographical object, for example, a bridge, and to retrieve similar objects on the same satellite images. Retrieval process is iterative in the sense that user guides the classi&amp / #64257 / cation procedure by interaction and visual observation of the results. The classi&amp / #64257 / cation procedure is based on one-class classi&amp / #64257 / cation.

The main aim of this dissertation is to evaluate Turkish science and technology policy documents, namely &ldquo / Turkish Science Policy: 1983-2003&rdquo / , &ldquo / Turkish Science and Technology Policy: 1993-2003&rdquo / , &ldquo / National Science and Technology Policy: 2003-2023 Strategy Document&rdquo / , and Turkish ever-first foresight study &ldquo / Vision 2023&rdquo / to discuss the impacts of those documents to Turkish science and technology and make some further policy recommendations for the future. For this reason, first, the history of Turkish science and technology policy making processes is summarized and the targets of the documents are examined. Second, the outcomes and the realization of the goals are discussed in terms of science and technology indicators and R&amp / D intensification among some leading industrial sectors of the country such as automotive, textile, clothing and information and communication technologies. In addition, the R&amp / D intensification of Turkish total manufacturing is analyzed via using Sanjaya Lall&rsquo / s industry categorization method. Turkey intensely exports resource based and low technology goods while importing medium and high technology ones. The scarce of demand for technology and R&amp / D which is the main reason behind the malfunction of technology policies, is basically depended on the mentioned structure of Turkish industry. Finally, it is concluded that in spite of some achievements, the implementation of Turkish science and technology policy documents are of insufficieny depended on the lack of political authority and responsibility and of the coordination among industry, institutions and society as a whole.

This thesis aims to examine the Turkish Pavilion in the Brussels Expo &amp / #8217 / 58 in order to comprehend architectural modernization in Turkey during the 1950s. The Pavilion as well as Turkey&amp / #8217 / s participation in the Expo&amp / #8217 / 58 can be considered as special cases that provide the significant information about contemporary context of the country. In parallel with the changes occurred in the world in the aftermath of the Second World War, the postwar period in Turkey transformed towards modernist attitudes not only in architectural realm but also in socioeconomic discourses and practices. The case of the Turkish Pavilion has important and remarkable characteristics in many respects of architectural modernization in the country. Having analyzed the Expo &amp / #8217 / 58 as an international event, the main part of the study aims to discuss Turkey and the Turkish Pavilion in the Expo with the related and detailed information. This chapter is composed of four main parts. Having discussed the role of the state in the new international structure, the locus of the Turkish Pavilion within contemporary architectural scene is, firstly, examined. The second part intends to reveal the specific characteristics of the Pavilion. The next part is an examination to explain the conscious effort to construct the idea of the synthesis of arts in the architecture of the Pavilion. Finally, the last part explores, firstly, the exhibition and the display objects within the Pavilion in terms of their contents, secondly, the wide-ranging activities and events of the Turkish participation beyond the Pavilion.

The philosophical problem of the tension between liberty and order has dominated the agenda of western philosophy and science since the beginning of the history of thought, and it is a leading issue nowadays, too. The problem of the act of decision is particularly one of the significant themes of contemporary political thought. Instead of the classical poles of both voluntarism and determinism prioritising either the subject or the structure, what should be employed is a much deeper analysis of the relation between undecidability and the act of decision. In this respect, the discussion between Ernesto Laclau and Slavoj &amp / #381 / i&amp / #382 / ek is considerably illuminating. But there are also theoretical shortcomings shared by these thinkers. That is, despite the informativeness of this debate, there is an overwhelming necessity to critically assess this dialogue with a particular emphasis on the conceptual issues. In this regard, an overall scrutiny and critical assessment of this debate constitute the main body of this thesis.

The thesis is aimed at understanding of molecular mechanisms of autophagic degradation of peroxisomes (pexophagy) in the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica. This microorganism has been extensively used to explore peroxisome biogenesis (Titorenko and Rachubinski, 2000). Gunkel et al. (1999) intoduced Y. lypolitica into pexophagy studies. However, the field of pexophagic research on this yeast remains quite unexplored. This work involved following tasks: (1) the development and optimization of Y. lipolytica as a model system to study peroxisome degradation; (2) Y. lipolytica genes and proteins implicated in pexophagy should be found and characterized; (3) a proper easy-to-handle selection procedure to isolate novel peroxisome degradation-deficient(pdd) mutants of Y. lipolytica should be devised.