The competitiveness of the graduate business education market; concerns over graduate program relevance; and decreased provincial funding are placing destabilizing pressures on the current graduate business program offerings in business schools promoting the possibility of institutional change. Despite most academic institutions embracing online education as an option to respond, Canadian AACSB accredited business schools have not moved in this direction. The purpose of this research study was to explore the reasons for the limited adoption of online education in Canadian AACSB accredited business schools. The theoretical lens framing this research study was Institutional theory. A qualitative multiple case study research design was carried out with four Canadian AACSB accredited business schools participating. The main data collection method was semi-structured interviews with senior administration and faculty. This study revealed that the constraining forces were stronger than the enabling forces towards adoption, ultimately leading to limited adoption. The enabling forces identified were: market expansion opportunities; cost and infrastructure savings; and student demand for more online education. The constraining forces identified were: the lack of face-to-face interaction; and development and delivery cost. An examination of stakeholder influence found faculty resistance, to hold the strongest influence on organizational decision making in these business schools. Faculty resistance was concentrated mainly towards fully online graduate programs with greater acceptance for the hybrid format. The Institutional theory lens helped to understand that institutional change in academic institutions is difficult, due to the isomorphic forces acting as constraining forces to institutional change. This rendered the finding that the lack of legitimacy of this delivery medium was the main reason for the limited adoption of online education. A number of significant contributions to research in the areas of online education and institutional change in academic institutions; practical implications; and suggestions for future research in this area were also provided.

The research was triggered by widespread criticisms from its constituencies about the relevance of MBAs, allegedly instigated by its dual academic and utilitarian purposes in developing functionally and ethically competent managers. Using Malaysia as the research focus, the perceptions of three MBA stakeholders (i.e. business schools/management educators, industries and students) were explored on the adequacy of MBA provisions by its public universities in preparing professionally and ethically competent managers. Their opinions were gauged on several subjective terms, each carrying the dual academic-utilitarian connotations, i.e. the roles of MBAs, the roles of its providers, the definitions of relevance, the definitions of managers and the necessary competencies, and their concerns over the social responsibility of managers and their education. The research employed mainly qualitative approaches. Primary data was gathered through semi-structured interviews, a focus group discussion and e-mails from the three stakeholders. The management educators and students were derived from three selected business schools. The secondary data involved analysis of the MBA websites and prospectuses provided by all the 10 public universities in Malaysia. In total, the research derived data consisting of 28 interviews, 1 focus group, 81 surveys, 3 email questionnaires, and 10 document analyses. The findings suggested that the perceptions of all three stakeholders reflected an imbalanced MBA that was biased towards utilitarian objectives as opposed to social objectives. The findings showed that religion / spirituality and the development of ME in Malaysia had a considerable impact in influencing the perspectives of the respondents. The research contributes to the discipline by demonstrating how a non-western, religious, developing country viewed the research issues dominated by Western literature.

Inequalities among top positions in the business sector are prominent and have been shown to partly be explained by social networks, which are prone to be built already during college. Social networks are a vital part of one’s socialization process, where gender and socialization, as well as gender and social networks within the fields of business, are insufficiently explored. Thus, the purpose of this study is to increase understanding of how students, in the context of elite business schools, think and act regarding their socialization process, and thus social networks. Further, we aim to explore the role of gender in these respects. To fulfil our purpose, we applied a qualitative research design by analysing 19 interviews. Our study shows that students have different patterns of socialization behaviour. These can be viewed as a scale, ranging from being extremely social to barely having friends at school, where male students make up the majority on both extremes and female students the majority in the middle. Students positioned towards the social end of the scale could benefit the most in their future careers, which both might help explain existing inequalities and give an opportunity to act for change. / Network and net worth. A longitudinal study of women’s and men’s social networks in Swedish business education and their effect on career outcomes

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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2000. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The information technology revolution has not really impacted the core processes of learning and teaching in business schools. Business schools stand in stark contrast to organisations where IT forms the new infrastructure for communication, decision-making, product development and service delivery. In this context, advanced and emerging information technologies are increasingly viewed as a key resource in enabling new and effective learning process. and educational innovations. The study introduces an interactive computer-mediated learning system designed for the field of People and Change Management that, whilst interacting with the student, also integrates seamlessly with traditional information sources. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die informasie tegnologie revolusie het nog nie regtig 'n groot impak op die kern prosesse van leer en onderwysing in besigheidskole gemaak nie. Besigheidskole staan in skerp kontras met organisasies waar IT die nuwe infrastruktuur vorm vir kommunikasie, besluitneming, produk ontwikkeling en dienslewering. In hierdie konteks word gevorderde en ontwikkelende informasie tegnologieë gesien as al hoe meer van kern belang in die daarstelling van nuwe en effektiewe leer prosesse en onderwys innovasie. Die studie boekstaaf die ontwikkeling van 'n rekenaar model om hierdie probleem aan te spreek in die veld van Menslike Hulpbronne en Veranderingsbestuur. Die impak is tweeledig van aard, die daarstelling van 'n interaktiewe leer proses, sowel as integrasie met tradisionele inligting bronne.

During the second half of the 20th century there has been both a burgeoning intellectual interest in business and management as a topic and an exponential growth in the formal study of business and management as an academic subject. Indeed by the end of the century it was estimated that worldwide there were 8,000 business schools and more than 13 million students of business and management. In addition, it was estimated that worldwide annual expenditure on university level business and management education had reached US $15 billion (The Global Foundation for Management Education, 2008). However, despite this there is a lack of clarity regarding both the scale and the nature of the influence that academic scholarship exerts over managers. Accordingly this research study has sought to investigate the appropriation of ideas, theories, concepts and models by management practitioners. The thesis has reviewed and evaluated the two most obvious, most established and most influential potential explanations. These were diffusion of innovations (Rogers, 1962) and fashion theory (Abrahamson, 1991 & 1996; Abrahamson & Fairchild, 1999). It has been concluded that whilst both these potential explanations provided important insights, neither was able to provide a comprehensive theoretical foundation for this research study. Accordingly, a much broader range of pertinent scholarship was reviewed and evaluated. This included, but is not limited to, the scholarship that is associated with learning by adults (Dewey, 1933; Bartlett, 1967; Schank & Abelson, 1976; Mezirow, 1977). Although this additional scholarship provided a further range of potential explanations, the extent to which any of these would be found within the particular setting of management practitioners remained unclear. In addition, the literature review highlighted a number of unresolved debates regarding issues such as (i) whether management was a science or an applied science; (ii) whether it was a craft or a profession; (iii) whether in reality there were fashionable trends in management practice or whether in fact such practices were remarkably stable; and (iv) whether management theoreticians, gurus and consultants actually exerted significant influence over management practitioners. The literature review also highlighted methodological concerns relating to the use of citation analysis as a proxy for primary information regarding managerial practice. Hence, this research is situated in a gap which is delineated by the unresolved issues that are associated with both diffusion theory and fashion theory; the applicability of the broader range of scholarship to a management setting; the unresolved debates within this field of interest and the need to obtain primary information relating to management practice, rather than being dependant upon citation analysis. The research study has utilised qualitative data and inductive reasoning to examine these matters and the overarching research philosophy has been that of realism (Ritchie & Lewis, 2003). Ultimately, 39 semi-structured, recorded interviews were undertaken using the critical incident technique (Flanagan, 1954). Collectively these interviews lasted for 35 hours and obtained information relating to 160 critical incidents. The verbatim transcripts of the interviews totalled 350,000 words. A case study analysis of this data was undertaken to examine the decision making of the interviewees in relation to some of their most challenging managerial situations. This analysis concluded that for the ‘generality’ of these interviewees; theory played little, or no, overt part in their decision making. The data was also subjected to a content analysis using a bespoke compendium of 450 ‘terms’ that represented the development of theorising about management over the whole of the 20th century. This analysis concluded that the influence of the 20th century’s management theoreticians over these interviewees was weak. Finally, the possibility that any such influence might be a covert, rather than an overt; phenomenon was examined using both the insights of intertextuality (Allen, 2000; Bazerman, 2004) and the framework analysis technique (Ritchie, Spencer & O’Connor, 2003). This analysis demonstrated that the discourse, dialogue and language of these interviewees could be indexed to four domains; (i) the theoretical; (ii) the conceptual; (iii) the tactical; and (iv) the practical. The intertextual indexing outcomes were corroborated both by substantial extracts from the verbatim interview transcripts and by three unrelated strands of scholarship. These were (i) adaptive memory systems (Schacter, 2001); (ii) the realities of management (Carlson, 1954; Stewart, 1983; Mintzberg, 1989) and (iii) the role of concepts and conceptual thinking in nursing (McFarlane, 1977; Gordon, 1998; Orem, 2001). On this basis it has been concluded that management can be characterised as a conceptual discipline; that in its essential nature management is at least as conceptual as it is either theoretical or practical; and that managers appropriate concepts and ideas, rather than theories and models per se.

Submitted by FERNANDA CASSAB CARREIRA (fernanda.carreira@gmail.com) on 2018-05-18T00:41:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Mestrado_TA_FernandaCarreira_2018.vff.pdf: 1733940 bytes, checksum: e06df892b9201e41e41ed83fb817d432 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Simone de Andrade Lopes Pires (simone.lopes@fgv.br) on 2018-05-18T00:49:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Mestrado_TA_FernandaCarreira_2018.vff.pdf: 1733940 bytes, checksum: e06df892b9201e41e41ed83fb817d432 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Suzane Guimarães (suzane.guimaraes@fgv.br) on 2018-05-18T13:56:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Mestrado_TA_FernandaCarreira_2018.vff.pdf: 1733940 bytes, checksum: e06df892b9201e41e41ed83fb817d432 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-18T13:56:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mestrado_TA_FernandaCarreira_2018.vff.pdf: 1733940 bytes, checksum: e06df892b9201e41e41ed83fb817d432 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-05 / Quando perguntamos aos/às CEOs qual o business case da sustentabilidade, a maior parte das respostas gira em torno de expressões como vantagem competitiva, oportunidades de negócios, redução de custos, gestão de risco e alinhamento a propósito. Nesses casos, reconhece-se que a formação para a sustentabilidade veio se dando de forma pouca estruturada, mais pela prática e com espaço para desenvolvimento. Porém, a partir das entrevistas realizadas para esse trabalho, pode-se constatar que nem todos/todas CEOs conseguem conectar sustentabilidade ao core business da empresa. Mas onde e como eles e elas poderiam se formar para a sustentabilidade? O presente trabalho buscou compreender se existe e, se sim, qual é o papel das Escolas de Negócio na formação de CEOs para a sustentabilidade, de maneira a identificar insights para que a FGV EAESP avance nesse tipo de formação. A revisão da literatura buscou i) compreender o conflito entre a formação executiva tradicional e a para a sustentabilidade e, ii) analisar a oferta do que existe hoje em educação executiva de CEOs para a sustentabilidade. Já a pesquisa empírica buscou criar, utilizando a Teoria Fundamentada em Dados, uma teoria a partir da voz de CEOs de qual seria o papel das Escolas de Negócio na formação de C-Level para a sustentabilidade. Os resultados do trabalho apontam que as Escolas de Negócio têm um papel essencial na formação de gestores/as para a sustentabilidade, principalmente nos primeiros estágios de suas carreiras, e que as instituições que avançarem nesse sentido estarão em vantagem competitiva devido à baixa oferta de cursos nesta linha. Quanto à formação para a sustentabilidade para CEOs, o espaço existe, desde que as Escolas ofereçam um formato que esteja adequado à realidade profissional do C-Level. Por fim, este trabalho traz contribuições para que as escolas repensem sua abordagem de ensino-aprendizagem. Utilizando o espelho como metáfora, se as escolas de negócio foram criadas como um reflexo do avanço do setor empresarial, as transformações pelas quais as empresas estão passando deveriam ser refletidas no ensino e na formação de gestores/as pelas Escolas. / When we ask CEOs about the sustainability business case, most answers revolve around expressions such as competitive advantage, business opportunity, cost reduction, risk management, and alignment on purpose. In these cases, it is recognized that education for sustainability came about in a little structured way, more with the practice and with space for development. However, from the interviews conducted for this work, it can be seen that not all CEOs can connect sustainability to the core business of the company. But where and how could they graduate for sustainability? The present work sought to understand if there is and, if so, what is the role of Business Schools in the formation of CEOs for sustainability, in order to identify insights for FGV EAESP to advance in this type of education. The literature review sought to (i) understand the conflict between traditional executive education and sustainability, and (ii) to analyze the supply of what exists today in CEOs executive education for sustainability. Empirical research has sought to create, using Grounded Theory, a theory based on the CEO voice of what the role of Business Schools in C-Level education for sustainability will be. The results of the study indicate that Business Schools play a key role in educating managers for sustainability, especially in the early stages of their careers, and that institutions that advance in this direction will be in a competitive advantage due to the low supply of courses in this line. As for education for sustainability for CEOs, space exists, as long as the Schools offer a format that is appropriate to the professional reality of the C-Level. Finally, this work contributes to schools rethinking their teaching-learning approach. Using the mirror as a metaphor, if business schools were created as a reflection of the advancement of the business sector, the transformations that business is going through should be reflected in the teaching and education of managers by the Schools.

This study investigated job satisfaction/ dissatisfaction among business administration faculty at selected public Iranian universities. It also examined the relationship between faculty job satisfaction/ dissatisfaction and selected demographic and professional activity variables. Finally, the extrinsic and intrinsic factors associated with faculty job satisfaction were analyzed. It was also concluded that, despite a positive correlation of the intrinsic and the extrinsic factors, Herzberg's two-factor theory is a useful model in a faculty job satisfaction research. Furthermore, Hill's FJS was found to be reliable and valid for use in faculty job satisfaction studies in the colleges and universities in Iran.

This thesis sought to answer the research question: How do the top educators in the area of public relations, marketing, and advertising perceive the concept of integrated marketing communications as compared to one another?The mail survey applying Q methodology was sent to 15 top educators in each of the three fields in the United States for a total sample of 45 educators. A total of twenty-five responses were returned representing 55.5 percent of the sample. When the respondents were analyzed by discipline, there were eight responses from the pubic relations educators, nine from the marketing educators, and eight from the advertising educators. As a result the responses from each disciplines comprised, respectively, 53.3 percent, 60 percent, and 53.33 percent of the total sample.The statements in Q-Sorting were collected from the review of literature and in interviews with the Ball State University advertising, and public relations professors. Each statement either agreed or disagreed with the perception of integrated marketing communications. Each educator was asked to indicate how strongly they agreed or disagreed with each statement.A computer program developed for Q-Methodology studies was used to extract the factors from the educators' responses. After the Q-Sorts were tabulated, the researcher identified two factors, Factor I, and Factor II. The majority of Factor I respondents were the marketing, and advertising educators. The majority of Factor II respondents were public relations educators.The researcher concluded that these two groups had clearly different attitudes toward IMC. Stated in another way, marketing educators and advertising educators had similar perceptions of IMC, while public relations educators perceived the IMC concept very differently. Public relations educators indicated that the concept of IMC would be acceptable if it should be viewed as a total organizational communications function. / Department of Journalism

Titel: Styrning inom svenska ekonomi- och handelshögskolor. -Marknadsstyrning, byråkratisk styrning eller klanstyrning? Bakgrund: I den forskning som finns kring styrning inom högre lärosäten förespråkas klan- och kulturstyrning som den styrform som bör användas eftersom högre lärosäten karaktäriseras av hög kunskap och samarbete. Samtidigt visar empirisk forskning att styrning inom högre lärosäten allt mer karaktäriseras av outputmätningar vilket leder till kontroverser. Flera av de studier som finns på ämnet är dessutom baserade utifrån ett medarbetarperspektiv vilket skapar ett gap i teorin kring hur frågan bemöts utifrån ett ledarskapsperspektiv. Syfte: Studiens syfte är att, utifrån ett ledarskapsperspektiv, kartlägga den styrning som sker inom svenska ekonomi- och handelshögskolor. Utöver detta ska studien även förklara huruvida olika situationsfaktorer påverkar styrningen samt hur dessa påverkar. Metod: Studien tar sin utgångspunkt i en kvalitativ studie där flera intervjuer har gjorts för att ge studien en omfattande och nyanserad bild av styrningen på svenska ekonomi- och handelshögskolor. Slutsats: Studiens resultat har visat att det förekommer en blandning av marknadsstyrning, byråkratisk styrning samt klanstyrning inom svenska ekonomi- och handelshögskolor. Studien har även visat att styrningen skiljer sig åt när det kommer till utbildning respektive forskning. Inom forskningen är marknadsstyrningen dominerande medan utbildningen har en större variation av styrformer. Det har också visat sig att flera av studiens situationsfaktorer har inverkan på den styrning som sker. / Title: Governance within Swedish economics and business schools. - Market mechanisms, Bureaucratic mechanisms or Clan mechanisms? Background: In current research on organizational control in higher education institutions, clan- and culture mechanisms is advocated as the form of organizational control that should be used due to the fact that higher education institutions are characterized by high knowledge and cooperation. At the same time, empirical research shows that organizational control within higher education institutions is increasingly characterized by output measurements. Several of the studies that concern the subject are also based on an employee perspective, which creates a gap in the theory of how the issue is addressed from a leadership perspective. Purpose: The aim of the study is to, based on a leadership perspective, chart the organizational control that takes place in Swedish economics and business schools. In addition, the study should also explain whether different situational factors affect the control and how these affect. Method: The study takes its starting point in a qualitative study in which several interviews have been made to give the study an extensive and nuanced picture of the organizational control at Swedish economics and business schools. Conclusion: The results of the study have shown that there is a mixture of market mechanisms, bureaucratic mechanisms and clan mechanisms within Swedish economics and business schools. The study has also shown that the organizational control differs when it comes to education and research. In research, market mechanisms is dominant, while education has a greater variety of forms of mechanisms. It has also been found that several of the study's situation factors have an influence on the organizational control that is taking place.