Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2019-03-13T15:52:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 José Maurício de Moura Leitão_.pdf: 2775602 bytes, checksum: b3838f30f897415be8b7b629885f3a15 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2019-03-13T15:52:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 José Maurício de Moura Leitão_.pdf: 2775602 bytes, checksum: b3838f30f897415be8b7b629885f3a15 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-11-21 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Eficiência e economia na produção de energia são fatores-chave no desenvolvimento social e econômico de um país. A energia solar é uma fonte de energia limpa e renovável, utilizada em sua maior parte para o aquecimento de água por meio de coletores solares. Nos últimos 15 anos, os coletores solares planos vêm, devido ao apelo mundial para o uso de materiais mais facilmente recicláveis e ao baixo custo, utilizando cada vez mais materiais poliméricos, substituindo os convencionais. Para analisar quais materiais poliméricos podem ser usados em coletores solares planos, este trabalho realizou um teste de intemperismo acelerado nos materiais polissulfona (PSU), polietileno (PE) e policarbonato (PC). Destacam-se o PSU e o PE. O PSU tem o melhor resultado em relação ao nível de degradação, pois sua cadeia polimérica é composta por anéis aromáticos e fortes ligações de carbono, enxofre e oxigênio dentro da espinha dorsal do polímero. Adicionalmente, foram realizadas análises do infravermelho nos materiais envelhecidos na câmara de intemperismo acelerado pelo método ATR ou refletância total atenuada. Eles apresentaram, na cadeia molecular, pequenas mudanças nos espectros na região do infravermelho à medida que o tempo exposto na câmara de envelhecimento aumentava. Por fim, foi desenvolvida uma simulação numérica de um coletor solar plano na plataforma ESS (Engineering Equation Solver) em que foi simulado o efeito do número de tubos no absorvedor com diferentes materiais e foi simulada uma geometria de tubos de sessão quadrada no absorvedor. A simulação apresentou o melhor resultado com um absorvedor construído com 100 tubos de sessão quadrada de polissulfona, no qual a eficiência teoricamente pode chegar a 81,62%. / Efficiency and economy in energy production are key factors in the social and economic development of a country. Solar energy is a source of clean and renewable energy used for heating water through solar collectors. Over the past 15 years, due to the worldwide appeal for the use of more readily recyclable materials and their low cost, flat solar collectors have increasingly used polymeric materials to replace conventional ones. In order to assess which polymeric materials can be used in flat-plate solar collectors, an accelerated temperature test has been conducted on polysulfone (PSU), polyethylene (PE), and polycarbonate (PC). PSU and EP have stood out. PSU had the best result for degradation because its polymeric chain is composed of aromatic rings and strong bonds of carbon, sulfur and oxygen within the backbone of the polymer. Additionally, infrared analyses have been made of the materials aged in the accelerated temperature chamber according to the ATR method or attenuated total reflectance. They presented small molecular chain changes in the spectra in the infrared region as exposure time in the UV chamber increased. Finally, a numerical simulation of a flat solar collector was developed in the ESS (Engineering Equation Solver) platform in which the effect of the number of tubes in the absorber with different materials was simulated as well a geometry of square session tubes in the absorber. The simulation presented the best result with an absorber built with 100 polysulfone square session tubes, in which efficiency can theoretically reach 81.62%.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T15:14:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mauricio Medeiros.pdf: 2573107 bytes, checksum: 1e5a17966417b43d576f37b4837c682b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-17 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work was developed at the State University of West of Paraná UNIOESTE, campus de Cascavel and was aimed at developing a computer program to simulate and scale, optimally, a system of solar water heating. To determine the efficiency parameters of the system were installed three solar collectors of 1.05 m2 each, brand Pro Sol, coupled to a thermal reservoir of 200 liters, containing electrical resistances auxiliary 2000 W. The system works by using thermosyphon, and was installed in a metal bracket fixed to the ground, oriented to the north at an angle of 35 degrees from the horizontal. We collected hourly data of solar radiation and water temperatures, and evaluated two scenarios. In the first scenario, it was considered system utilization auxiliary heating controlled by a thermostat, which linked and hang up the electrical resistances as the temperature of water in boiler oscillated around of temperature of consumption (40 º C). In the second scenario, it was considered the system to power auxiliary heating only in timetables of water consumption, when the water temperature in boiler was lower than the temperature of consumption. Coefficients were calculated heat loss in the solar collector and storage tank, the heat removal factor of solar collector and the overall efficiency of the heating system installed. These calculated parameters and other data collected were used in software developed for simulation and design in order to satisfactorily meet the needs of hot water consumption, and minimize the total installation costs and energy consumption. Finally, these system costs solar heating were compared to costs of an electric shower conventional. The results obtained were as follows: coefficient of heat loss in the solar collector (5,45 Wm-2ºC-1), coefficient of heat loss in the thermal reservoir (5,34 Wm-2ºC-1), removal factor heat of the solar collector (0.78) and overall system efficiency (31%). The times of return on capital invested in the solar heating system (compared to a conventional electric shower), for the two scenarios of use, were, respectively, 11.45 years and 7.81 years. / Este trabalho foi desenvolvido na Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná UNIOESTE, campus de Cascavel, e teve por objetivo principal o desenvolvimento de um programa computacional para simular e dimensionar, de forma otimizada, um sistema de aquecimento solar de água. Para determinar os parâmetros de eficiência do sistema, foram instalados três coletores solares de 1,05 m2 cada, da marca Pro Sol, acoplados a um reservatório térmico de 200 litros, contendo resistências elétricas auxiliares de 2000 W. O sistema utilizado funciona por termossifão, e foi instalado em um suporte metálico fixado ao solo, com orientação para o norte, num ângulo de 35º em relação à horizontal. Foram coletados dados horários de radiação solar e temperaturas da água, e avaliados dois cenários. No primeiro cenário, considerou-se a utilização do sistema de aquecimento auxiliar controlado por um termostato, que ligava e desligava as resistências elétricas conforme a temperatura da água no boiler oscilava em torno da temperatura de consumo (40ºC). No segundo cenário, considerou-se o acionamento do sistema de aquecimento auxiliar somente nos horários de consumo de água, quando a temperatura da água no boiler estivesse menor que a temperatura de consumo. Foram calculados os coeficientes de perda de calor no coletor solar e no reservatório térmico, o fator de remoção de calor no coletor solar e a eficiência global do sistema de aquecimento instalado. Esses parâmetros calculados, e os demais dados coletados, foram utilizados no software desenvolvido para simulação e dimensionamento, de maneira a atender satisfatoriamente às necessidades de consumo de água quente, e minimizar os custos totais de instalação e consumo de energia elétrica. Por fim, esses custos do sistema de aquecimento solar foram comparados aos custos de um chuveiro elétrico convencional. Os resultados obtidos foram os seguintes: coeficiente de perda de calor no coletor solar (5,45 Wm-2ºC-1), coeficiente de perda de calor no reservatório térmico (5,34 Wm-2ºC-1), fator de emoção de calor do coletor solar (0,78) e eficiência global do sistema (31%). Os tempos de retorno do capital investido no sistema de aquecimento solar (em comparação a um chuveiro elétrico convencional), para os dois cenários de utilização, foram de, respectivamente, 11,38 anos e 5,73 anos.

Este trabalho propõe a modelação matemática da perda de carga e da remoção de turbidez e de partículas na filtração direta ascendente baseada nos modelos que descrevem macroscopicamente o processo de filtração. Os modelos incluem o mecanismo de desprendimento de partículas do meio filtrante e a alteração da porosidade do material retido durante o processo de filtração. Foram propostos dois modelos: o monodisperso e o polidisperso. Tais modelos foram adaptados para a aplicação à filtração direta ascendente em material granular de areia grossa e pedregulho a partir de modelos para filtração descendente. Objetivou-se a identificação da influência do vetor gravitacional na parcela de eficiência por sedimentação gravitacional na proposição de modelos de eficiência inicial de remoção na filtração ascendente. Três concepções para quatro modelos de eficiência inicial de remoção foram propostas e aplicadas à filtração ascendente. Duas destas concepções foram adaptadas do original da filtração em aerossóis para escoamento ascendente e a outra a partir de modelos para escoamento descendente. Os resultados do modelo monodisperso apresentaram boa aderência aos dados experimentais obtidos da filtração ascendente em um sistema de dupla filtração mediante uma análise estatística com base nos valores dos coeficientes de correlação não linear. O modelo polidisperso também foi analisado, não tendo alcançado, entretanto, a mesma eficiência do modelo monodisperso. Os valores de eficiência inicial de remoção para a filtração direta ascendente calculados pela concepção proposta neste trabalho indicam razoável adequação aos modelos de filtração e apresentam-se coerentes e consistentes com os valores experimentais e com a teoria da trajetória. / This work proposes mathematical models to predict the head loss, the turbidity and particles removal in up flow direct filtration based on the models that describe macroscopic filtration process. The models include the mechanism of particles detachment from the granular medium and the porosity change of the retained material during the filtration process. Two models were proposed: the monodisperse one and the polidisperse one. These models were used for up flow direct filtration in granular material of coarse sand and gravel based on down flow filtration models. The identification of the influence of the gravitational vector was aimed in the efficiency portion by gravitational sedimentation in the proposition of models of initial efficiency collector in the up flow filtration. Three conceptions of four initial efficiency collector models were proposed and applied to up flow filtration. Two of those conceptions were adapted from up flow aerosols filtration and another one was based on down flow models. The results of the monodisperse model presented good adherence to the up flow experimental data from a double filtration system by means of a statistical analysis with based on coefficients of non lineal correlation values. The polidisperse model was also analyzed, however, it did not provide the same efficiency of the monodisperse model. The initial efficiency removal values for the up flow direct filtration calculated by the proposed models indicated reasonable suitability to the filtration models and they come coherent and consistent with the experimental values and with the theory of trajectory analysis.

Cette thèse a été réalisée en cotutelle entre l'Université Technique Nationale Ivan Pul'uj de Ternopil (TNTU, Ukraine) et l’Université Blaise Pascal (Clermont Ferrand, France). Les travaux ont été effectués au sein de l'Institut Pascal de l’Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont II, de l’IFMA et du CNRS, dans le thème scientifique Matériaux actifs et intelligents, modélisation multi-échelle de l'axe Mécanique, Matériaux et Structures, et au sein de l'Institut Français de Mécanique Avancée. Les travaux réalisés sont inscrits dans l'action transversale « Matériaux et Modélisations Multi-Echelles » de l'Institut Pascal et, en partie, dans l'action MAIM du Laboratoire d'Excellence Labex IMobS3. La thèse présentée appartient au domaine scientifique de la mécanique de la rupture et la science des matériaux.Le but de ce travail est l’étude de l'effet du temps de fonctionnement sur les dommages de la structure, les propriétés mécaniques et la ténacité d'acier de collecteur de surchauffe dans les centrales thermiques et de développer les méthodes qui sont basées sur l'évaluation de la résistance résiduelle du collecteur en tenant compte des dispersions des propriétés mécaniques, du chargement opérationnel et des défauts de taille. La thèse étudie l'influence de l'hydrogénation sur le comportement mécanique, la ténacité et les micro-mécanismes de rupture dans le matériau du collecteur de surchauffe à déformation lente. / This thesis has been performed under the cotutelle agreement between Ternopil Ivan Pul’uj National Technical University (TNTU, Ukraine) and Blaise Pascal University (Clermont Ferrand, France). The thesis has been carried out within Pascal Institute of the Blaise Pascal University - Clermont II, the IFMA and the CNRS, in the Scientific Theme “Active and Smart Materials and Multiscale Modeling” of the Mechanics, Materials and Structures Department, and within the French Institute for Advanced Mechanics. The work is included in the Transversal Action "Materials and Multi-scale Modelling" of the Pascal Institute and in the Action MAIM of the Excellence Laboratory Labex IMobS3. The presented thesis belongs to the scientific field of fracture mechanics and material science. The aim of the thesis is to study the effect of operating time on damage of structure, mechanical properties and fracture toughness of superheater collector steel at thermal power plants (TPPs) and to develop the methods that are based on the assessment of the residual strength of collector taking into account the mechanical properties scatter, operational loading and defect sizes. The thesis studies the influence of hydrogenation on mechanical behavior, fracture toughness and fracture micromechanisms in the material of superheater collector at slow deformation.

<p>The Ericsson AXE-based systems are programmed using an internally developed language called Plex-C. Plex-C is normally compiled to execute on an Ericsson internal processor architecture. A transition to standard processors is currently in progress. This makes it interesting to examine if Plex-C can be compiled to execute on the JVM, which would make it processor independent. </p><p>The purpose of the thesis is to examine if parts of the run-time environment of Plex-C can be translated to Java and if this can be done so that sufficient performance is obtained. It includes how language constructions in Plex-C can be translated to Java. </p><p>The thesis describes how a limited part of the Plex-C run-time environment is implemented in Java. Optimizations are an important part of the implementation. </p><p>It is also described how the JVM system was tested with a benchmark test. </p><p>The test results indicate that the implemented system is a few times faster than the Ericsson internal processor architecture. But this performance is still not sufficient for the JVM system to be an interesting replacement for the currently used processor architecture. It might still be useful as a processor independent test platform.</p>

<p>This thesis investigates the possibility of using an unglazed flat-plate solar collector as a cooling radiator. The solar collector will be connected to the condenser of a heat pump and used as cooler during nighttime. Daytime the solar collector will be connected to the evaporator of the heat pump and used as heat source. The two widely differing fields of application make special demands on the solar collector. The task is given by the heat pump manufacturer Thermia and the main objective is to find out whether a solar collector should be used as a cooler or not. The performance of the solar collector under varying environmental conditions is investigated using COMSOL Multiphysics 3.3. Only the cooling properties are investigated here. The performance of the solar collector as a heat exchanger is estimated using the effectiveness-NTU method, and the solar collector is found to be a good heat exchanger at low wind speeds. The heat transfer coefficients of the convection and radiation are determined for varying temperature and wind speeds. The convective heat transfer coefficient is lowered by tubes above the absorber plate and for a high convective heat transfer rate the solar collector surface should be smooth. For a high radiative heat transfer rate the surface needs to have a high emissivity. The cooling rate is higher from a warm surface than from a cold and since no temperature change of the heat carrier is necessary the solar collector should be kept at a high temperature. To increase the cooling rate alterations need to be made to the solar collector that makes its heating performance deteriorate. A solar collector that can be used for cooling is not an efficient solar collector.</p>

Heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBT) based on SiGeC havebeen investigated. Two high-frequency architectures have beendesigned, fabricated and characterized. Different collectordesigns were applied either by using selective epitaxial growthdoped with phosphorous or by non-selective epitaxial growthdoped with arsenic. Both designs have a non-selectivelydeposited SiGeC base doped with boron and a poly-crystallineemitter doped with phosphorous. Selective epitaxial growth of the collector layer has beendeveloped by using a reduced pressure chemical vapor deposition(RPCVD) technique. The incorporation of phosphorous and defectformation during selective deposition of these layers has beenstudied. A major problem of phosphorous-doping during selectiveepitaxy is segregation. Different methods, e.g. chemical orthermal oxidation, are shown to efficiently remove thesegregated dopants. Chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP) hasalso been used as an alternative to solve this problem. The CMPstep was successfully integrated in the HBT process flow. Epitaxial growth of Si1-x-yGexCy layers for base layerapplications in bipolar transistors has been investigated indetail. The optimization of the growth parameters has beenperformed in order to incorporate carbon substitutionally inthe SiGe matrix without increasing the defect density in theepitaxial layers. The thermal stability of npn SiGe-based heterojunctionstructures has been investigated. The influence of thediffusion of dopants in SiGe or in adjacent layers on thethermal stability of the structure has also been discussed. SiGeC-based transistors with both non-selectively depositedcollector and selectively grown collector have been fabricatedand electrically characterized. The fabricated transistorsexhibit electrostatic current gain values in the range of 1000-2000. The cut-off frequency and maximum oscillation frequencyvary from 40-80 GHz and 15-30 GHz, respectively, depending onthe lateral design. The leakage current was investigated usinga selectively deposited collector design and possible causesfor leakage has been discussed. Solutions for decreasing thejunction leakage are proposed. <b>Key words:</b>Silicon-Germanium-Carbon (SiGeC),Heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT), chemical vapordeposition (CVD), selective epitaxy, non-selective epitaxy,collector design, high-frequency measurement, dopantsegregation, thermal stability.

Brominated organic compounds (BOCs) of both natural and anthropogenic origin are abundant in the environment. Most compounds are either clearly natural or clearly anthropogenic but some are of either mixed or uncertain origin. This thesis aims to identify some naturally produced BOCs and to develop a method for analysis of the bromine isotopic composition in BOCs found in the environment. Polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PBDDs) in the Baltic Sea are believed to be of natural origin although their source is unknown. Since marine sponges are major producers of brominated natural products in tropical waters, BOCs were quantified in a sponge (Ephydatia fluviatilis) from the Baltic Sea (Paper I). The results showed that the sponge does not seem to be a major producer of PBDDs in the Baltic Sea. In this study, mixed brominated/chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins were however discovered for the first time in a background environment without an apparent anthropogenic source. The use of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) is unusual in analytical environmental chemistry due to its sample requirements. Preparative capillary gas chromatography was used to isolate a sufficient amount of an unidentified BOC from northern bottlenose whale (Hyperoodon ampullatus) blubber (Paper II) to enable NMR analysis for identification of the compound. The bromine isotopic composition of BOCs may give information on the origin and environmental fate of these compounds. The first steps in this process are the development of a method to determine the bromine isotope ratio in environmentally relevant BOCs (Paper III) and measuring the bromine isotope ratio of several standard substances to establish an anthropogenic endpoint (Paper IV). / At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 3: Manuscript. Paper 4: Manuscript.

Smältkarbonatbränslecellen (MCFC) är en högtemperaturbränslecell för stationära applikationer. Den har samma höga totalverkningsgrad som konventionella kraftvärme-anläggningar, men kan byggas i mindre moduler (från 250 kWe). De små modulerna och den bränsleflexibilitet (naturgas, biogas, etanol, diesel) som MCFC har, gör den intressant för exempelvis industrier med organiska restprodukter och höga krav på tillförlitlighet. Den höga temperaturen och närvaron av en saltsmälta gör dock materialdegradering till en viktig faktor för forskning och utveckling inom området. För även om de fälttester som nyligen gjorts har visat på att vissa av degraderingsprocesserna är mindre allvarliga än förväntat, finns fortfarande ett behov av utveckling för att sänka kostnaderna och förlänga livstiden. I första delen av detta arbete undersöktes material för olika delar av cellen inom ramarna för EU-projektet IRMATECH. Materialen ansågs vara interessanta alternativ till de nuvarande materialen på grund av deras lägre kostnad och/eller bättre prestanda. Två alternativa anodströmtilledarmaterial undersöktes. För anodströmtilledaren är korrosionen och den elektriska resistansen av det eventuella oxidlagret nyckelparametrar. Dessa parametrar undersöktes och utvärderades. Fastän de båda alternativa materialen hade oxidlager med låg resistans, fanns indikationer på korrosionsprocesser som kan äventyra materialets långtidsstabilitet. För katodmaterialet, NiO, har upplösningen varit problemet. De upplösta nickeljonerna fälls ut i elektrolyten och bildar dendriter som kan kortsluta cellen. Därför undersöktes nickelupplösningen hos tre alternativa katodmaterial. Det mest lovande materialet, en nickeloxid-katod dopad med magnesium och järn testades i en singelcell för att studera elektrokemisk prestanda, morfologi och områden där nickelutfällning skett. Resultaten visade att prestandan var jämförbar med NiO, men att den mekaniska stabiliteten måste undersökas ytterligare. I ”wet-seal”-området är det rostfria stålet belagt med ett aluminiumskikt för att skydda det från den mycket korrosiva miljön. Tillverkningsprocesserna för dessa aluminiumbeläggningar har hittills varit dyra och komplexa. Därför utvärderades en alternativ tillverkningsprocess. Beläggningen, studerad i både reducerande och oxiderande miljö visade en tendens till att spricka och därmed exponera det underliggande rostfria stålet. Detta berodde troligtvis på en manuell beläggningsprocess som resulterade i ett inhomogent ytskikt. I den andra delen av arbetet föreslogs en alternativ tillverkningsmetod, baserad på nyligen publicerade resultat där man elektrodeponerat aluminium från jonvätskor. Dessa har ett större katodiskt fönster än vatten och möjliggör därför elektrodeponering av elektropositiva material. För att göra processen industrivänlig provades ett alternativ till den vanligen använda aluminiumtrikloriden. Det visade sig dock att påverkan av miljön på stabiliteten hos jonvätskan behövde undersökas innan några material kunde tillverkas. Vatten i kombination med syre visade sig ha en stor inverkan på den katodiska strömtätheten. I frånvaro av dessa komponenter var jonvätskan mycket stabil. / The Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell (MCFC) is a high temperature fuel cell for stationary applications. It has the same high over-all efficiency (90%) as traditional combined heat and power plants, but MCFC can be built in small modules (from 250 kWe). The small modules in combination with fuel flexibility (natural gas, biogas, ethanol, diesel) makes MCFC an interesting alternative for industries with organic waste and high demands for reliability. The high temperature (650 °C) and the presence of molten salt result however in material degradation. Corrosion and dissolution of the materials used have been the challenge for MCFC. Although long-term field trials have shown that some of the material problems are not as severe as first believed, further material development is necessary to decrease the cost and prolong the life-time. In the first part of this work, materials for different parts of the cell were tested within the EU project IRMATECH. The materials were interesting alternatives to the state-of-the-art materials due to their lower cost and/or better performance. Two alternative anode current collector materials were tested. For the anode current collector the corrosion and electrical resistance of the possible oxide layer are key parameters. These parameters were investigated and evaluated. Although both the materials showed a low resistance, there were indications of corrosion processes which could affect the life-time of the material. For the cathode material, NiO, the dissolution of the material has been a problem. The dissolved nickel ions precipitate in the electrolyte and form conductive nickel dendrites that eventually short-circuit the cell. Therefore, the nickel dissolution of three alternative cathode materials was tested. The most promising material, a NiO doped with magnesium and iron, was tested in a single cell to study the electrical performance, the morphology after operation and the area where nickel had precipitated. The results showed that the performance was comparable to NiO, but it is necessary to investigate the mechanical strength of the material further. In the wet-seal area, the stainless steel is coated with an aluminium coating to protect the material from a severe corrosion environment. The production of aluminium coatings has so far been expensive and complex and an alternative coating process was evaluated. The alternative coating, tested in both reducing and oxidising environments showed a tendency to crack and expose the stainless steel to the corrosive environment. This was suggested being due to the manual coating process that resulted in inhomogeneous coatings. In the second part, an alternative process to coat the wet-seal was suggested, based on recently published results where aluminium had been electrodeposited from ionic liquids. These solvents have a wider electrochemical window than water, and electropositive materials can therefore be deposited. To make the coating process suitable for industrial applications, an alternative to the commonly used AlCl3 was tested. It was shown however, that the influence of the environment had to be investigated before any materials could be produced. The environment, especially water in combination with oxygen was shown to influence the cathodic current density. In absence of these components, the ionic liquid was shown to be very stable. / QC 20100906

In this thesis, performance of a heat pump aided by solar heating system with an evacuated tubular collector has been analyzed theoretically and experimentally. For this purpose, a domestic hot water heating system has been designed, constructed and tested. The evacuated tubular solar collector has been used to achieve higher collector efficiency in winter. The fraction of the solar energy utilized has been measured experimentally and estimated theoretically. Effects of various parameters have been investigated on the performance of the proposed system. A mathematical model was developed to investigate the effects of different environmental, design and operational parameters on the solar heating system. In order to compare the obtained theoretical results with experimental ones, an experimental study has been carried out. For that, a number of experiments have been made at the solar house of the Mechanical Engineering Department of METU. An air-to-air heat pump was integrated with an evacuated tubular solar water heater unit (closed water circulation) and the performance of it has been studied experimentally. As a result of the experimental study, the maximum value of the coefficient of performance of the solar assisted heat pump used in this study was obtained as 4.85. The second law efficiency of the system was between 4.8-27.4 %.