Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T18:10:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 19 / Nenhuma / Este estudo objetiva analisar textos do gênero Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE), utilizados no encaminhamento de projetos de pesquisa para avaliações nos Comitês de Ética, conforme a Resolução 196/96. Esse tipo de estudo é relevante devido à necessidade da comunidade científica de elaborar tais textos de maneira clara, coesa, de forma a permitir a compreensão de quem os lê. Para o estudo, foram analisados 30 textos de três instituições diferentes, todos aprovados pelos Comitês de Ética. Essa análise foi constituída por três momentos distintos, a partir da teoria desenvolvida por Jean Paul Bronckart (1999), a qual concebe a organização do texto como um folhado constituído por três camadas superpostas. O primeiro momento refere-se à infra-estrutura geral do texto, que compreende os seguintes parâmetros: a temática do TCLE, o tipo de discurso predominante, as seqüências textuais presentes, a articulação entre essas seqüências. O segundo diz respeito à analise dos mecanismos de textualização, se / The goal of this work is to analyze Informed Consent texts (TCLE), used at the referring of research projects to Ethics Committees’ evaluations, concerning to the Resolution 196/96. This kind of study is relevant because of the research community’s necessity to elaborate those texts in a clear and cohesive way, so that people are able to understand them. To the study, 30 texts of three different institutions were analyzed, all of them approved by the institutions’ Ethics Committees. This material was analyzed in three different moments, and it is based on Jean Paul Bronckart’s theory (1999), which understands the text organization as a leaf with three layers. The first moment is about the general structure of the text, which has the following parameters: the TCLE thematic, predominant kind of discourse, presented textual sequences, joint between these sequences; the second is about the analyses of the texts mechanisms, where the parameters thematic coherence, nominal and verbal cohesion, as well as logical-ti

INTRODUÇÃO: A obtenção de órgãos para pesquisa é essencial para o estudo da neurobiologia da doença mental. Na comunidade científica internacional há uma demanda crescente para a disponibilização de tecido cerebral humano para estudos sobre a neurobiologia das doenças neuropsiquiátricas, com grande interesse no uso desses tecidos para a investigação dos processos biológicos básicos associados às doenças mentais. No cenário atual, entretanto, biobancos de tecido cerebral dedicados às doenças psiquiátricas são extremamente escassos. OBJETIVO: Descrever a frequência de doação de tecido cerebral para pesquisa por familiares de pessoas que cometeram suicídio MÉTODO: Foram incluídas solicitações para doação de encéfalo a familiares de indivíduos que cometeram suicídio com idade entre 18 a 60 anos cuja necropsia foi realizada entre março de 2014 e fevereiro de 2016. Foram excluídos casos com lesões no tecido cerebral devido a trauma na hora da morte. RESULTADOS: Tivemos acesso a 56 casos de suicídio. Destes, 24 estavam dentre os critérios de exclusão do projeto. Foram excluídos do estudo 11 casos por falta de responsáveis para assinar o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE). Finalmente, dos 21 remanescentes, 9 responsáveis autorizaram a doação de tecido cerebral, em sete casos de fragmento de córtex e dois do encéfalo. CONCLUSÕES: As doações de tecido cerebral para pesquisa são indispensáveis para a elucidação de causas biológicas, e há uma escassez de material biológico disponível para a investigação do sistema nervoso central em doenças neuropsiquiátricas. Neste estudo demostra-se que a doação para pesquisa em nosso meio é possível, com uma proporção de consentimento similar àquela relatada em doenças neurodegenerativas. / INTRODUCTION: Obtaining organs for research is essential to study the neurobiology of mental illness. The international scientific community there is a growing demand for the availability of human brain tissue for studies of the neurobiology of neuropsychiatric diseases, with great interest in the use of these tissues for investigation of basic biological processes associated with mental illness. In the current scenario, however, brain tissue biobanks dedicated to psychiatric disorders are extremely scarce. OBJECTIVES: To describe the frequency of brain tissue donation for research purposes by families of individuals that committed suicide. METHODS: All the requests for brain tissue donation for a brain biorepository made to the families of individuals aged 18-60 years that committed suicide between March 2014 and February 2016 were included. Cases presenting with brain damage due to acute trauma were excluded. RESULTS: Fifty-six suicide cases were reported. 24 fulfilled the exclusion criteria; 11 were excluded because no next of kin was found to sign the informed consent. Finally, of the 21 remaining cases, brain tissue donation was authorized in 9 - – 7 fragments of brain tissue and 2 the entire organ. CONCLUSIONS: The donation of brain tissue for research is essential for the elucidation of the neurobiology of neuropsychiatric illness. In the present study, we report the feasibility of brain tissue donation for research purposes. Moreover, that the rates of this sort of donation is similar to the rates reported for neurodegenerative diseases.

A presente dissertação abarcará cinco temas bastante específicos: a defesa da concorrência, a defesa do consumidor, a prática do cartel, as formas consensuais de seu combate e investigação e o bem-estar do consumidor. No Brasil, verifica-se que, tanto a defesa da concorrência como a do consumidor se unem por um objetivo comum: o bem-estar do consumidor. Por isso, práticas tidas como ofensivas à ordem econômica podem desencadear danos graves aos consumidores, sendo um relevante exemplo disto a formação de cartéis, especialmente os relacionados à alteração artificial de preços. Dentre as práticas abusivas previstas no CDC, foi lançada elevação de preços sem justa causa, o que torna possível que a prática do cartel ou, ao menos, os seus efeitos sobre o preço, possam vir a ser reprimidos por ambas as esferas. Nesse sentido, buscou-se analisar os institutos consensuais de combate aos cartéis previstos na lei de concorrência: o “compromisso de cessação de conduta” e o “programa de leniência”, assim como seus possíveis efeitos benéficos sobre os consumidores. Desta feita, a presente dissertação visou a responder aos seguintes problemas de pesquisa: (i) qual o arcabouço jurídico-institucional à disposição da defesa do consumidor e da concorrência? (ii) qual o liame entre estas duas esferas? (iii) o que é “cartel” e de que forma ele atinge os consumidores (iv) o que são o “compromisso de cessação de conduta” e o “programa de leniência” e qual a sua utilidade ao combate dos cartéis? A conclusão obtida é que a defesa da concorrência e a do consumidor possuem um objetivo comum, o bem-estar do consumidor, a primeira de forma mediata e a segunda, imediata. Ademais, verificou-se o “cartel” como uma conduta altamente agressiva à livre concorrência e aos interesses dos consumidores, sendo possível que seus efeitos, de forma indireta, sejam penalizados pelo CDC. Finalmente, verificou-se a grande utilidade das formas consensuais – “compromisso de cessação de conduta” e “programa de leniência” – não apenas ao combate aos cartéis quanto à imediata cessação de seus efeitos, mas também como grande ferramenta de prova de sua ocorrência e garantia do bem-estar dos consumidores. / The presente dissetation involves five very specific issues: antitrust, consumer protection, cartels, consensual forms of its combat and investigation and consumer welfare. In Brazil, it is found that both the defense of competition as the consumer defense are united by a common goal: consumer welfare. Therefore, practices seen as offensive to the economic order can trigger serious harm to consumers, being a relevant example the cartel formation, especially those related to artificial price change. Among the abusive practices set out in Brazilian Consumer Defese Code (CDC), it was registered the prices raise without just cause, which makes it possible that the cartel, or at least its effects on the price, may be suppressed by both spheres. Therefore, it sought to analyze the consensual institutes of cartel’s combat and investigation under competition law: the "Conduct Consent Decree" and "Leniency Program", as well as their possible beneficial effects on consumers. Thereby, this dissertation aimed to answer the following research problems: (i) what is the legal and institutional framework available to the consumer’s and competition’s protection? (ii) what is the link between these two spheres? (iii) what is "cartel" and how it affects consumers? (iv) what are the "Conduct Consent Decree" and "Leniency Program" and what is its usefulness to cartel’s combat? The reached conclusion is that the defense of competition and the defense of consumer have a common purpose, consumer welfare, the first in a mediate way and the second immediately. In addition, the "cartel" was established as a highly aggressive approach to free competition and to the interests of consumers, being possible that their effects, indirectly, be penalized by the CDC. - "Conduct Consent Decree" and "Leniency Program" - not only to fight against cartels to the immediate cessation of its effects, but also as a great proof tool of its occurrence and assurance of the well-being of consumers.

This study brings together the works of Giovanni Boccaccio (1313-1375) and Gratian’s Decretum, the 12th-century textbook that became foundational to the teaching of medieval canon law. Boccaccio studied canon law for six years, and the Church’s legal system deals with many of the issues that interested Boccaccio: marriage, sexuality, adultery, consent, coercion, and gendered forms of violence. Boccaccio and Gratian each showed close attention to women’s interior perspectives and a marked emphasis on the importance of consent. This dissertation illuminates the intertextual connections between Boccaccio’s works and Gratian’s Decretum, and argues that Boccaccio understand the law much better than has previously been recognized. In fact, Boccaccio’s most perceptive insights on the nature of debt, obligation, and consent derive from legal sources. The first chapter of this project introduces the figures of Boccaccio and Gratian. Boccaccio’s own works and a few surviving documents attest to his years of legal study in Naples as well as his lifelong engagement with the law, both in politics and his personal life. Little is known of Gratian’s biography, but his Decretum became a standard teaching tool in the curriculum of canon law. Boccaccio undoubtedly read the Decretum, and the following chapters show the extent to which its innovative cases and viewpoints influenced him. Chapter 2 begins with the “conjugal debt,” the idea in canon law that spouses incur a mutual sexual obligation by virtue of being married. Boccaccio expands the concept of sexual debt to include metaphorical usury and theft, drawing on medieval economic theory and offering an economic model of human relationships. Though Boccaccio’s view is transactional, it does not reduce human beings to commodities; rather, the economic system expresses relationships of trust and obligation. Chapter 3 extends the legal-economic discourse to several stories in the Decameron that deal with adulterous relationships, demonstrating that Boccaccio’s idiosyncratic application of legal theories is nevertheless solidly grounded in his reading of canon law. Chapter 4 focuses on Boccaccio’s treatment of consent in matters of marriage and legislation. Relying heavily on Gratian’s treatment of error and mistaken identity, as well as the legal principle of quod omnes tangit, Boccaccio argues for women’s right to offer informed consent to decisions that concern them. Chapter 5 continues the discussion of consent in the context of sexual violence, exploring the idea of vis (force) in Gratian’s Decretum as well as Boccaccio’s Decameron and Ninfale fiesolano. Canon law emphasizes women’s right to consent to marriage; Boccaccio extends this principle to matters of sex and violence, recuperating the power of women’s consent in an area where medieval law often faltered.

La thèse invite à s’intéresser à l’aptitude à consentir du salarié. En tant qu’elle constitue l’aptitude du sujet à prendre part au gouvernement de sa situation juridique par l’accord, elle participe de l’expression d’un choix de celui reconnu comme partie faible au rapport asymétrique qui le lie à l’employeur. En pareil contexte, la question du consentement apparaît centrale. Le contrat, acte juridique censément conclu par des sujets égaux, requiert l’accord de celui mis dans une situation d’inégalité et consistant dans la subordination, qu’elle émane de l’acte juridique auquel il consent ou qu’il soit déjà salarié.L’aptitude à consentir invite à s’intéresser aux règles qui reconnaissent au salarié une aptitude à décider, eu égard aux contrats que le droit du travail admet et qui peuvent s’insérer dans sa situation juridique. Cette aptitude est assurément juridique (Partie 1) et ne se trouve pas limitée aux règles qui, classiquement, peuvent être mobilisées pour la caractériser. L’aptitude juridique ne procède pas seulement du droit de la capacité ou de la personnalité, mais prospère à travers des mécanismes que le droit du travail promeut pour permettre non seulement au travailleur de faire valoir un choix, mais de le protéger à cette occasion. Elle rayonne encore lorsque la décision elle-même, c’est-à-dire le consentement, est envisagée : sans information et sans égard à la prise de décision, l’aptitude serait nettement diminuée. Les règles qui forgent l’aptitude juridique à consentir, doivent encore être rapportées à d’autres, qui conditionnent ou orientent les choix que le salarié peut avoir à opérer. C’est ainsi que l’aptitude juridique pose également la question de son effectivité (Partie 2), dans la mesure où elle n’est pas seulement l’objet de règles protectrices. Alors, il s’agit de tenir sérieusement en considération le rapport du sujet à l’emploi, qu’il s’agisse pour lui de le choisir ou même simplement d’y accéder. Et de ne pas négliger, enfin, le rapport de l’aptitude à consentir aux normes juridiques elles-mêmes. Qu’il s’agisse du contrat ou des normes environnantes, patronales et conventionnelles, le sujet connait des limites à l’épanouissement de sa volonté qui participent parfois de sa protection et, d’autres fois, d’une limite à l’emprise qu’il a sur sa situation. / The thesis invites to be interested in the aptitude to consent of the employee. In so far as it constitutes the subject's ability to take part in the government's legal position through the agreement, it participates in the expression of a choice of the one recognized as weak party to the asymmetrical relationship which links him to the employer. In such a context, the issue of consent appears central. The contract, legal act supposedly concluded by equal subjects, requires the agreement of the one placed in a situation of inequality and consisting in the subordination, that it emanates from the legal act to which it consents or that it is already salaried.The ability to consent invites attention to the rules that recognize the employee's ability to decide, with regard to the contracts that labor law contains and that may fit into his legal situation. This aptitude is undoubtedly legal and is not limited to the rules which, classically, can be mobilized to characterize it. Legal ability does not come only from the rights of capacity or personality, but thrives through mechanisms that labor law promotes to allow not only the worker to assert a choice, but to protect him on this occasion. It still shines when the decision itself, that is to say, consent, is considered: without information and without taking into account the decision-making, the aptitude would be clearly diminished.The rules that form the legal capacity to consent must still be reported to others, which condition or direct the choices that the employee may have to make. Thus legal capacity also raises the question of its effectiveness, insofar as it is not only the object of protective rules. So, it is a question of seriously considering the relation of the subject to the job, whether it is for him to choose it or even simply to access it. And not to neglect, finally, the report of the ability to consent to the legal norms themselves. Whether it is the contract or surrounding norms, employers and conventional, the subject knows limits to the fulfillment of his will that sometimes participate in its protection and other times, a limit to the influence he has on his situation.

L'objectif général de cette thèse était d'étudier expérimentalement les effets de l'alcool et de l'excitation sexuelle sur la perception du consentement et les intentions comportementales d'utiliser des stratégies coercitives pour avoir une relation sexuelle. Plus exactement, et afin d’étudier les effets de l’alcool sur la perception des intentions comportementales exprimées par une femme, un plan expérimental inter-participants a permis de répartir aléatoirement 150 participants, issus de la population générale, dans une condition Avec ou Sans alcool. Par la suite, les participants étaient à nouveau répartis aléatoirement dans l'une des deux modalités du facteur Excitation sexuelle, soit Avec ou Sans excitation sexuelle. Un plan factoriel inter-participants 2x2 a alors permis d'étudier les effets de l'alcool et de l'excitation sexuelle sur le temps de latence pour indiquer qu'une femme n'est plus intéressée par avoir une relation sexuelle, ainsi que sur les intentions comportementales d’utiliser des stratégies coercitives nonviolentes et de commettre un viol.Alors que les résultats ouvrent la voie à de nouvelles recherches afin de mieux comprendre les mécanismes par lesquels l’alcool peut, chez certains individus, contribuer à expliquer la coercition sexuelle, des implications pratiques peuvent également être proposées. Ainsi, si les résultats soutiennent l’importance de programmes de prévention primaire, voire situationnelle, ils soulignent que des programmes de prévention secondaire apparaissent également comme un élément indispensable d’une politique efficace de prévention de la coercition sexuelle. / The overall objective of this dissertation was to experimentally study the effects of acute alcohol intoxication and sexual arousal on the perception of consent and on behavioral intentions to use coercive strategies to have sex. More precisely, a between-subjects design was used to study the effects of acute alcohol intoxication in men on their perception of a woman’s behavioral intents. The 150 participants, recruited from the general population, were thus randomized either in a condition With alcohol or in a condition Without alcohol. The targeted blood alcohol content was 0,08 %. Then, participants were once again randomized in one of the two levels of “Sexual arousal” factor: a condition With sexual arousal anda condition Without sexual arousal. A 2x2 between-subjects factorial design was thereby used to study the effects of acute alcohol intoxication and sexual arousal on the latency to indicate that a woman is no longer interested in having sex as well as on the behavioral intentions to use non-violent coercive strategies and to commit rape.While our results pave the way for new research in order to better understand the processes and mechanisms by which acute alcohol intoxication may help to explain sexual coercion in some individuals, practical implications must also be considered. While results related to the perception of consent support the relevance of primary and situational prevention, results related to behavioral intentions to use coercive strategies to have sex highlight the need for secondary prevention in order to develop an effective policy for sexual coercion prevention.

DOCTOR - PATIENT RELATIONSHIP RESUMÉ The topic of the doctor - patient relationship is so broad that this graduation thesis cannot cover nearly all of its aspects. The aim is to capture the most basic institutions of doctor - patient relationship in period just before the effectiveness of the reform of health services. Historical development of medical law in the Czech Republic is summarized in the very first chapter. The aim was mainly to express complicated role of post-communist countries in connection with their efforts to integrate into the modern system, which was then for the rest of Europe completely natural. The second chapter issues the basic elements controlling the relationship between doctor and patient, including the definition of the term lege artis, whose explanation is an essential part of every publication dealing with medical law. Chapter provides a comprehensive view of the institutes, which are largely discussed in subsequent chapters. The next three chapters deal with the issues of informed consent, duty of confidentiality of medical staff and management of medical documentation. Informed consent is the central institute of medical law and most important element of the relationship between doctor and patient. The topic of the consent of the patient with the health care is treated in...

As mudanças sociais ocorridas nas últimas três décadas fizeram com que o respeito à autonomia do usuário e o direito ao consentimento livre e esclarecido assumissem posição de destaque na ética em saúde e fossem incorporados aos Códigos de Ética Médica e de Enfermagem vigentes no país. Estudos desenvolvidos em serviços de saúde, mormente os hospitalares, têm evidenciado que os usuários obtêm poucas informações sobre suas condições de saúde, tratamento, cuidado e que a prática profissional tem oscilado entre o paternalismo, o autoritarismo e o respeito à autonomia. Esta investigação foi realizada com o objetivo verificar como o consentimento esclarecido é concebido na prática das enfermeiras de quatro Centros de Saúde Escola (CSE) de São Paulo. A análise do material empírico, obtido através de entrevistas junto a essas profissionais foi feita à luz da ética principialista. O resultados demonstram que essas profissionais, apesar de desconhecerem o termo consentimento esclarecido, respeitam as suas normas básicas, reconhecem o direito dos usuários em participar de decisões que digam respeito à sua saúde, oferecem informações para subsidiar essas decisões. O padrão de informação é personalizado, porém, alternativas de decisão, além daquelas estipuladas em programas e protocolos, raramente são apresentadas. Assim, o consentimento esclarecido na prática das enfermeiras em CSE é limitado por esses programas e protocolos. As enfermeiras têm como preocupação o benefício do usuário, o estímulo às participação dos usuários no seu cuidado e a prevenção ou remoção de riscos e danos. No geral, estas enfermeiras acatam a decisão tomada pelo usuário, mesmo quando há recusa em seguir a orientação dada, mas por vezes demonstram dificuldade em aceitá-la quando a mesma põe em risco a saúde de terceiros. Enquanto profissionais que participam na implementação políticas de saúde demonstram preocupação com sua \"missão\", sentem-se impotentes e demonstram desconhecer aliados e instrumentos que poderiam ser utilizados nessa situação. / The social changes occurred in the last three decades were instrumental for causing the customers\' autonomy and right to free-informed consent to be respected assuming a leading rank in the health ethics as well as being incorporated into the Nursing and Medical Ethical Codes in force in the country. Studies carried out in health services, moreover in hospital facilities, disclosed that the customers usually obtain few information on their health condition, treatment and, care and that the professional practice has been oscillating among being either paternalistic, authoritarian or respecttul regarding the patient\'s autonomy. The purpose of this investigation was to ascertain how the informed consent is conceived by the nurses\' practice in four School/Health Centers in São Paulo, State of São Paulo. Brazil. The empirical material obtained in interviews along with these professionals was analyzed in the light of Bioethics principles. Results were as follows: these professionals do not know the term informed consent; however, they act in accordance with its basic norms, recognizing the customers\' right to participate in the decision-making regarding their health, besides providing information in order to subside these decisions: the pattern of the information provided is personalized, although decision alternatives other than those stipulated in programs and protocols are rarely presented. Informed consent, in nursing practice in School/Health Centers is restricted within these programs and protocols. These nurses are concerned about users\' beneficence, their participation in self care and about preventing or removig risks or harm. In general, these nurses respect the decision taken by the customers, even when they refuse to comply with the orientation provided, however showing sometimes difficulties in accepting it when the health of a third-part is in jeopardy; while professionals participating in the implementation of health policies, they demonstrate being concerned with their \"mission\", sometimes feeling themselves impotent to deal with this situation, disclosing therefore a lack of knowledge concerning allied institutions and instruments which might be used to face these kind of circumstances.

O trabalho mediado pelas tecnologias da informação conheceu significativa difusão nas últimas décadas, tendo acompanhado não só o crescimento do setor de serviços, mas também os processos de reestruturação produtiva ocorridos nas principais economias mundiais. Daí advém seu papel central na configuração do capitalismo contemporâneo, assim como na elaboração das teorias que buscam compreendê-lo. No Brasil, as centrais de teleatividades apresentam em geral uma organização do trabalho que reúne tendências bastante representativas dos processos de reestruturação produtiva que ocorreram no país nas últimas décadas, mesclando elementos do taylorismo clássico com outros de matiz toyotista. Além disso, os operadores de telemarketing, funcionários, em sua maioria, de empresas terceirizadas, tomam parte do amplo movimento de precarização que tem atingido os trabalhadores brasileiros nos últimos vinte anos. Tentaremos ao longo de nosso trabalho tratar do modo de constituição desses fenômenos na história recente, assim como discutir as maneiras pelas quais os teleoperadores os vivenciam e respondem a eles. Será dada especial ênfase aos fenômenos da formação de consentimento no local de trabalho e da constituição do sofrimento psíquico. Pretendemos também que esta pesquisa, embora circunscrita por limitações de diversas ordens, possa conseguir discutir em alguma medida os temas da luta de classes e da ideologia no capitalismo brasileiro contemporâneo. / Work mediated by information technologies has spread significantly during the last decades, having followed not only the growth of the service sector, but also the production restructuring processes that took place in the world´s main economies. Therefore is central the role it has been playing in contemporary capitalism and in the theorizations that aim its understanding. In Brazil, the organization of work in call centers assembles very typical tendencies of the production restructuring that took place in the country especially since the nineties, mixing elements of classical taylorism with some others which have a toyotist source. Besides, telemarketers, employed mostly in subcontracted companies, take part in the large process of labor precarization, which has had many effects upon Brazilian workers in the last twenty years. We shall try in this dissertation to deal with the way those phenomena have developed in recent history, as well as discuss the ways telemarketers experience and respond to them. Special emphasis shall be given to the phenomena of the making of consent in the work place, as well as that of the rising of psychic suffering. We also hope that this research, although surrounded by limitations of varied nature, may discuss in some way the forms of class struggle and ideology in contemporary Brazilian capitalism.

Os Dois tratados sobre o governo, de John Locke, têm um papel de destaque na filosofia política das Luzes. Neles, ao afirmar as idéias de liberdade e igualdade naturais dos homens, o autor mina as bases do pensamento absolutista. Apesar de ser no Segundo tratado que o autor estabelece de modo mais evidente sua teoria política, é importante notar que o pressuposto lógico desta obra é o Primeiro tratado sobre o governo, texto menos conhecido e estudado pela história da filosofia, no qual Locke refuta de forma minuciosa as idéias de Robert Filmer, sistematizador da doutrina patriarcalista e do direito divino dos reis. Ao rejeitar argumentos de Filmer, Locke mostra que o poder político não se constitui apenas de vontade, mas envolve consenso, lei e entendimento. O propósito deste trabalho é apresentar o lado menos conhecido desse debate: os argumentos elaborados por Filmer para criticar a teoria da soberania popular e o contratualismo nem sempre são respondidos com eficácia absoluta por Locke. Além disso, a intenção é também expor o quanto o pensamento lockiano é marcado pelas asserções de Filmer, cujas idéias podem ter mais importância do que história da filosofia lhe tem atribuído. / John Locke\'s \"Two Treatises on Government\" have an important role in the political philosophy of the Enlightenment. By stating the ideas of the natural liberty and equality of men, the author undermines the bases of the absolutist thought. If it is in the Second Treatise that the author establishes his political theory in a more evident way, it is important to notice that the logical presupposition of this work is the First Treatise on Government, a less known text in which Locke refutes in a minutious way the ideas of Robert Filmer, who sistematized the patriarchalist doctrine, as well as the one concerning the divine right of kings. By rejecting Filmer\'s statements, Locke shows that political power is not constituted only by will, but involves consent, law and understanding. This work aims to present an aspect of this debate which is less known: the arguments elaborated by Filmer to criticize the theory of popular sovereignty as well as contractarianism are not always answered with total eficacy by Locke. Besides, we intend to expose how much the Lockean thought is determined by Filmer, whose thought may have a greater importance than what the history of philosophy has attributed to it.