Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-01T19:18:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 01 Capa a int.pdf: 18562945 bytes, checksum: 859fa8a910eaa53907358ec75c4e5549 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This dissertation is the study of the influence of the environment (internal and external), in determining the changes in the life cycle of the firm, with a search in accurate theoretical basis of the origins and concepts of organizational strategies seeking to understand the strategies adopted by Angeloni Group in the period between the years 1983 and 2006. The review of the literature tried to understand the organizational environment, the life cycle of business and organizational strategies, with its origins and concepts, theories about its formulation and schools of strategic thinking. The mentioned research is exploratory, descriptive and estimative. It tries to identify and to analyze the principals facts and changes that enable to understand the strategies implemented by the Angeloni Group, from 1983 to 2006. As the perspective of the study is diacronical and cross sectional, the method that features and promotes the understanding of the subject is the historical interpretation, while the research method is the case study of the historical-organizational type therefore it focuses on a particular organization. The techniques for collecting data used are the literature, the documental analysis, interview and observation. After the analysis and data interpretation you can identify the internal and external events that marked the founding of the company, its expansion and growth and its current stage related to the strategies implemented in the time studied, in the corporate and operational level. The supermarket industries was contextualized with a historical, the current reality and perspectives. In Angeloni Group, in addition to its history, the reality has been studied with its culture and organizational structure, its strategic business units and prospects. The corporate strategy was examined, as well as the operational strategies of the departments, with emphasis on the logistics, technology, the new commercial relationship among supermarkets and their suppliers, communication and relationship marketing with its main strategic action: the Club Angeloni. The conclusion is that the predominant strategy of the company is to compete by focusing on differentiation, that the vision of the leader was fundamental in the development of expansion and growth. The results described demonstrate the success of the strategic option, the differentiation, and that the creation of value is recognized and understood by its customers. The processes used to achieve total strategy are typically fragmented, revolutionary and widely intuitive and there is, in the strategic definitions of the Angeloni Group, a strong dose of intuition, at least until the start of the professional management. Distinction for the strategic vision of Michael Porter, as well as strategies for creating value and the use of benchmarking as a tactics of strategic support. Emphasis on the bet on the logistics as fundamental for this competitive strategy, focused on differentiation, as well as financial controls and trade agreements with suppliers, because this way, it is possible now to better align costs and benefits before putting the strategy in action. The synthesis of the corporate strategies of the Angeloni Group are, chronologically, the expansion to Florianopolis, the introduction of one-stop-shop concept and the supercenter©s, the launching of the relationship program with the Club Angeloni / A presente dissertação é o estudo da influência do ambiente (interno e externo), na determinação das mudanças ocorridas durante o ciclo de vida da empresa, com uma pesquisa acurada em base teórica das origens e conceitos das estratégias organizacionais para entender as estratégias adotadas pela Rede Angeloni no período compreendido entre os anos de 1983 e 2006. A revisão da bibliografia abrange o ambiente organizacional, o ciclo de vida das empresas e as estratégias organizacionais, com suas origens e conceitos, teorias sobre sua formulação e as escolas do pensamento estratégico. A pesquisa em pauta é do tipo exploratória, descritiva e avaliativa. Busca identificar e analisar os fatos principais e as mudanças que possibilitam compreender as estratégias implementadas pela Rede Angeloni, no período de 1983 a 2006. Como a perspectiva do estudo é diacrônica e cross sectional, o método que caracteriza e favorece a compreensão do assunto é o histórico interpretativo, enquanto que o modo de investigação é o estudo de caso do tipo histórico-organizacional, pois se concentra em uma organização particular. As técnicas de coleta de dados utilizadas são a pesquisa bibliográfica, a análise documental, a entrevista e a observação. Após a análise e interpretação de dados pode-se identificar os fatos internos e externos que caracterizaram a fundação da empresa, sua expansão e crescimento e seu atual estágio relacionados com as estratégias aplicadas, no tempo estudado, no nível corporativo e operacional. O setor de supermercados foi contextualizado com uma retrospectiva histórica, a realidade atual e suas perspectivas. Na Rede Angeloni, além do histórico, foi estudada a realidade com sua cultura e estrutura organizacional, suas unidades estratégicas de negócio e as perspectivas. A estratégia corporativa foi analisada, assim como as estratégias operacionais dos departamentos, com destaque para a logística, tecnologia, a nova relação comercial entre supermercados e seus fornecedores, a comunicação e o marketing de relacionamento com sua principal ação estratégica: o Clube Angeloni. A conclusão é que a estratégia predominante da empresa é de competição pelo foco na diferenciação, que a visão do líder foi fundamental no desenvolvimento da expansão e crescimento. Os resultados descritos demonstram o acerto da opção estratégica, a da diferenciação, e que a criação de valor é reconhecida e percebida por seus clientes. Os processos utilizados para se chegar Y estratégia total são tipicamente fragmentados, revolucionários e largamente intuitivos e há nas definições estratégicas da Rede Angeloni, uma forte dose de intuição, pelo menos até o início da gestão profissional. Destaque para a visão estratégica de Michael Porter, assim como as estratégias de criação de valor e o uso do benchmarking como tática de apoio estratégico. Ressalta-se que a aposta na logística foi fundamental para esta estratégia competitiva, focada na diferenciação, bem como os controles financeiros e os acordos comerciais com fornecedores, pois desta forma, pode-se, agora, alinhar melhor custos e benefícios antes de colocar a estratégia em ação. Sintetizam as estratégias corporativas da Rede Angeloni, cronologicamente, a expans$o para Florianópolis, a implantação do conceito one-stop-shop e dos supercenter's,o lançamento do programa de relacionamento com o Clube Angeloni

Governança corporativa é um conjunto de mecanismos que visa alinhar interesses entre as diferentes partes envolvidas que compõem a empresa. Os interesses muita vezes são conflitantes em virtude de que o indivíduo tende a maximizar sua utilidade pessoal, e desta discrepância de busca individual surge o conflito, conhecido como de interesse. O conflito pode ocorrer com qualquer envolvido na companhia, porém este trabalho estudará os que ocorrem entre o agente e o principal. O agente pode ser tanto funcionários da empresa, como investidor minoritário, sendo que o principal é representado pelo acionista controlador, que detém o poder sobre a companhia. Os mecanismos de governança corporativa podem ser internos e externos à corporação. Dentre os internos se destacam: conselho de administração, conselho fiscal, estrutura de propriedade, remuneração dos executivos, relatórios contábeis em concordância com as normas internacionais publicados periodicamente, e política de distribuição de dividendos. Dentre os externos os que se destacam são: possibilidade de aquisição hostil, mercado de trabalho competitivo, leis de proteção aos investidores, crosslistings e parecer contábil dos relatórios financeiros realizados por empresas externas de auditoria com renome no mercado. O conjunto de mecanismos visa alcançar os princípios básicos de governança corporativa: transparência, equidade, prestação de contas e responsabilidade corporativa. A presente pesquisa investigou a relação entre governança corporativa e o desempenho econômico-financeiro das empresas brasileiras listadas na BM&FBOVESPA entre os anos 2010 e 2014, representando o período posterior à crise econômica mundial desencadeada pelos títulos de subprime americanos, ocorrida no segundo semestre de 2008, e anterior à crise econômica e política no Brasil, iniciada em 2015. Foi utilizado o índice de governança IGC desenvolvido por Silva e Leal (2005) para medir a governança. O desempenho econômico-financeiro das empresas foi medido através das variáveis Q-tobin e taxa de lucro econômico. O modelo utilizou ferramentas que diminuem os problemas de endogeneidade e causalidade reversa, que são: inserir variáveis de controle e utilizar o método de regressão MMG-Sis (Método dos momentos generalizados - Sistêmico). Os resultados obtidos comprovaram o esperado pela literatura, pois o índice de governança corporativa influenciou positivamente o desempenho da empresa. Para a variável taxa de lucro econômico (TLE) o resultado apresentou significância estatística no nível de 5%, o que torna confiável a alegação. Já para a variável Q-tobin, apesar de também apresentar relação positiva com a governança, a análise estatística não se mostrou robusta a ponto de poder exercer alguma afirmativa sobre o resultado. Por fim, a pesquisa observou uma melhora na governança corporativa nas empresas da amostra ao longo dos anos e em relação a outras pesquisas de anos anteriores. / Corporate governance is a set of mechanisms to align interests between the different individuals who compose the company. The interests a lot of times are conflicting because of the individual´s seek to maximize their personal utility, and from this discrepancy of individual pursuit comes the conflict, known as interest. Conflict can occur between any involved in the company, but this work study those between the agent and the principal. The agent may be employees of the companies or minority investors and the main one is represented by the controlling shareholder, which holds power over the company. Corporate governance mechanisms can be internal and external to the corporation, the internal are: Board of Directors, audit committee, ownership structure, executive compensation, financial reporting in accordance with international standards published periodically and dividend distribution policy . The external are: possibility of hostile takeover, competitive labor market, protection laws for investors, cross-listings and accounting advice of financial reports made by external companies with renowned consultancy market. The mechanisms aim to achieve the basic principles of corporate governance: transparency, fairness, accountability and corporate responsibility. This study investigated the relationship between corporate governance and the financial performance of Brazilian companies listed on the BM&FBOVESPA between 2010 and 2014, representing the period after the global economic crisis triggered by securities US subprime, in the second half of 2008 and previous economic and political crisis in Brazil, which began in 2015. It was used the IGC governance index developed by Silva and Leal (2005) to measure governance. And the financial performance of the companies was measured by the variables: Q-Tobin and economic profit rate. The model used tools that reduce the endogeneity and reverse causality, which are: insert control variables and use the system GMM (Generalized method of moments) estimator as regression method. The results confirmed the expected by the literature as the corporate governance index positively influenced the performance of the company. For the variable TLE the result was statistically significant at the 5% level, which makes it reliable. As for the Q-tobin variable, although also have positive relationship with governance, statistical analysis was not robust to be able to exercise some confirmation about the result. Finally, research has found improved corporate governance in companies over the years and improvement over other research from previous years.

[pt] O custo de capital de uma empresa representa as expectativas mínimas de remuneração das diversas fontes de financiamento tomadas e para as empresas brasileiras esse custo é consideravelmente mais elevado que em mercados mais consolidados, como é o caso dos Estados Unidos. Este fato decorre das diversas dificuldades estruturais enfrentadas pelos gestores e pelas próprias características do incipiente mercado de capitais brasileiro. Com o intuito de analisar a criação, ou eventual destruição de valor das empresas brasileiras listadas, este estudo realiza uma análise comparativa entre os valores de mercado calculados por metodologia padrão com os preços apresentados no mercado acionário multiplicados pelas respectivas quantidades de ações, valor último este considerado por diversos autores como defasado. Utilizando dados do Sistema Economática, uma base de dados brasileira que apresenta informações contábeis e operacionais de todas as empresas listadas no país, os cálculos foram realizados e a análise da criação ou destruição de valor das empresas foi verificada para o período compreendido entre 2008 e 2015, sendo por último comparado com os valores apresentados no mercado acionário. / [en] The cost of capital of a company representes the minimum expectations of remuneration of the diverse sources of financing taken and for Brazilian companies this cost is considerably higher than in more consolidated markets, as is the case of United States. The fact stems from the various structural difficulties faced by the managers and by characteristics of the incipient Brazilian capital market. In order to analyze the creation or eventual destruction of value of listed Brazilian companies, this study performs a comparative analysis between the market values calculated by standard methodology with the prices presented in the stock market multiplied by the respective quantity of shares, considered by several authors as outdated. Using data from Economática, a Brazilian database that presents accounting and operational information of all the companies listed in the country, the calculations were performed and the analysis of the creation or destruction of companies value was verified for the period between 2008 and 2015, being compared with the values presented in the stock market.

På den svenska fastighetsmarknaden har begreppet social hållbarhet blivit alltmer populärt under senare år. Många aktörer arbetar med detta, antingen frivilligt eller ofrivilligt. Eftersom det är en komplex fråga kan de olika ekonomiska incitamenten och tillvägagångssätten praktiskt sett variera mellan olika fastighetsbolag. En studie har genomförts för att undersöka vilka de ekonomiska incitamenten är, samt hur socialt hållbart arbete kan se ut i praktiken. Studien kommer även att undersöka vad begreppet betyder för privata fastighetsbolag, samt vilka värden och utmaningar det finns för dem att arbeta med social hållbarhet. Den bygger på sex semistrukturerade intervjuer med nyckelpersoner på privata fastighetsbolag i Malmö kommun.  Resultaten visar att implementeringen av social hållbarhet skapar betydande värde för fastighetsbolagen. Genom att integrera socialt hållbara initiativ kan fastighetsbolag bidra till att skapa en positiv påverkan på samhället och människors liv, samtidigt som de driver ekonomisk lönsamhet. Fastighetsbolagen observerade en tydlig koppling mellan social hållbarhet och ekonomisk lönsamhet. Trots det tydliga värdet som skapas av social hållbarhet för fastighetsbolag är det svårt att mäta de konkreta resultaten av de genomförda insatserna. Social hållbarhet är ofta mer kvalitativ än kvantitativ i naturen, vilket gör det utmanande att kvantifiera dess påverkan på ekonomisk lönsamhet. Det kan vara svårt att direkt koppla specifika sociala hållbarhetsåtgärder till ekonomiska resultat, och det kan kräva en mer holistisk utvärdering av de övergripande fördelarna och intäkterna som genereras på lång sikt. Även om mätningen av resultaten kan vara utmanande är det tydligt att social hållbarhet och ekonomisk lönsamhet är nära kopplade i fastighetssektorn. Social hållbarhet är en viktig drivkraft för värdeskapande i fastighetsbranschen och genom att integrera social hållbarhet kan fastighetsbolagen skapa attraktiva och levande platser. / In recent years, the concept of social sustainability has become increasingly popular in the Swedish real estate market. Many actors are working on this, either voluntarily or involuntarily. As it is a complex issue, the various economic incentives and approaches can practically vary between different real estate companies. A study has been conducted to investigate what the economic incentives are, as well as what socially sustainable work can look like in practice. The study will also examine what the concept means for private real estate companies, as well as what values and challenges there are for them to work with social sustainability. It is based on six semi-structured interviews with key personnel in private real estate companies in the municipality of Malmö.  The results demonstrate that the implementation of social sustainability generates significant value for real estate companies. By integrating socially sustainable initiatives, real estate firms can contribute to making a positive impact on society and people's lives, while also driving economic profitability. The real estate companies observed a clear link between social sustainability and economic profitability. Despite the evident value created by social sustainability for real estate firms, measuring the concrete outcomes of the implemented efforts can be challenging. Social sustainability is often more qualitative than quantitative in nature, making it difficult to quantify its impact on economic profitability. Directly linking specific social sustainability measures to financial results can be challenging and may require a more holistic evaluation of the overall long-term benefits and revenues generated. Although measuring the results can be challenging, it is clear that social sustainability and economic profitability are closely linked in the real estate sector. Social sustainability is a crucial driving force for value creation in the real estate industry, and by integrating social sustainability, real estate companies can create attractive and vibrant places.

[pt] O constante crescimento da competitividade entre indústrias traz a necessidade de encontrar soluções para sustentar a vantagem competitiva por meio da inovação. Devido à diversidade de projetos e incerteza envolvida na inovação, a gestão dos projetos e o cálculo de valor, assim como sua gestão de risco, deve ser efetivo. Esta dissertação identifica a oportunidade do cálculo do valor de empresas Startups considerando a flexibilidade de projetos de inovação e tem como objetivo a criação de um framework conceitual para avaliar a possibilidade de geração de valor em negócios de produtos e serviços inovadores com base em análise qualitativa dos conceitos de opções reais. Durante a pesquisa e pela da análise dos métodos e processos das teorias da inovação e das opções reais, foi possível delimitar aspectos para desenvolvimento do framework: avaliação qualitativa, inovação de produtos e serviços; empresa alvo Startup, modelo do framework e opções reais a serem avaliadas (Opção de Aprendizado, Opção de Abandono, Opção de Switch e Opção de Expansão).O estudo estrutura e apresenta um framework que inclui um processo de quatro fases, permitindo assim que Startups identifiquem maior valor no seu negócio para melhorá-lo. / [en] The constant growth in competition between companies has brought the need to find solutions to sustain competitive advantage through innovation. Due to projects diversity and the uncertainty inherent to innovation, the project management and value calculation, as well as its risk management, must be effective. This dissertation identifies the opportunity to calculate the value generated by innovation the flexibility to react to the uncertainties inherent to innovation projects, and has as objective to create a conceptual framework focused on Startup Products and Services business plan. During the research and through the analysis of methods and processes of real options and innovation theories, we designed the framework development: qualitative evaluation, product and services innovation, Startups as target companies, framework model and real options to be evaluated (Abandonment Option, Learning Option, Switch Option and Expansion Option). This study structures and presents a framework that includes a four step process, hence allowing Startups to obtain higher value to improve their business.

The purpose of the research is to study the “Orange and Ericsson case” while developing the method Actors and System Map. The interaction between actors within Ericsson’s Device Connection Platform is investigated in order to identify improvement opportunities in the interaction between the provider and the customer. To answer the purpose the following research questions was formulated: RQ1)  What type of actors may be involved in a telecom related IPSO? RQ2)  How can the connections between actors in the telecom related IPSO be illustrated? RQ3)  How can the Actors and System Map method be refined? In order to answer the research questions different methodologies were used for the analysing process. The research started with a widespread literature study to collect knowledge related to the area of Product Service System (PSS) and methodologies for identifying how actors interact with one another. Studying different mapping methods the conclusion was made that Actors and System Map was most suitable for this study. In the methodology background the previous selected method, Actors and System Map from an Integrated Product Service Offering (IPSO) perspective, was examined in order to be able to refine and improve the mapping method. Actors Map provides a visual and clear overview of the actors involved while a System Map shows the information flows and activities between the actors. To understand the interaction between the two companies, the definition of IPSO and the importance of value-based selling for a service offering are described in the theory background. Also, different ways of looking at a business model within the telecommunication industry is presented. Obtaining information regarding making an Actors Map and a System Map an improved mapping method was refined. The adaption of the method was divided into eight steps. The refined Actors Maps of the DCP shows the actors involved, how they are connected and their main assignments from each respondent’s point of view at Ericsson. The refined System Map shows what kind of information is transferred between the actors within the companies and between Orange and Ericsson. Both maps delivered as a decision basis will help identification of non-value giving links and non-optimal distances in the information flow for both companies.

В данной магистерской диссертации рассмотрены вопросы внедрения маркетингового управления в деятельность предприятий малого бизнеса. Цель диссертационного исследования заключается в научном осмыслении теоретических положений и практических рекомендаций по маркетинговому управлению деловой активностью предприятий, учи-тывающих специфику малого бизнеса и обеспечивающих по¬вышение результативности его маркетинговой деятельности на основе использования Лин-технологий. Основные результаты исследования, представляющие научную новизну: уточнена дефиниция «деловая активность предприятия», выявлены различия понятий «маркетинговое управление» и «управление маркетингом», разработана цепочка создания ценности для клиентов малых предприятий на основе «системы вытягивания» с использованием Лин-технологий. Практические результаты исследования: выделены проблемы развития предпринимательства, сделаны выводы об отношении уральских предпринимателей к маркетинговому управлению, разработан оптимизированный сценарий включения потребителей в процесс создания ценности с помощью инструментария Бережливого производства. / In this master's thesis, problems of introduction of marketing management in activity of the enterprises of small business are considered. The purpose of the dissertation research is the scientific comprehension of theoretical provisions and practical recommendations on marketing management of business activity of enterprises that take into account the specifics of small business and ensure the effectiveness of its marketing activities using Lin technologies. The main results of the research, representing scientific novelty: the definition of "business activity of the enterprise" was clarified, the differences in the concepts of "marketing management" and "marketing management" were revealed, a value chain for small business customers was developed on the basis of a "pull system" using Lin technologies. Practical results of the research: problems of entrepreneurship development are singled out, conclusions about the attitude of the Ural entrepreneurs to marketing management are drawn, an optimized scenario of including consumers in the process of creating value with the help of the Lean Production Toolkit is developed.