Comment les établissements hospitaliers d’Ancien Régime marquent-ils les corps des personnes qui y séjournent et y officient ? À partir du milieu du XVIIe siècle, l’espace français fait l’objet d’une réforme hospitalière menée de concert par l’Église de la Réforme catholique et l’État en voie d’absolutisme. La création des Hôpitaux Généraux dans l’ensemble du royaume, jusqu’en terre coloniale, a pour effet de progressivement préciser le rôle des Hôtels-Dieu, et de contribuer à la mise en place d’un réseau d’institutions hospitalières au sein desquelles se côtoient laïcs et religieux, soignants et malades, hommes et femmes. Afin d’appréhender les principales situations où ce processus se met en place, nous avons analysé les établissements parisiens sur lesquels les volontés étatique et religieuse s’expriment pleinement, un territoire provincial – l’Auvergne – qui, éloigné du centre du pouvoir royal,adapte le fonctionnement hospitalier à son territoire, et un espace colonial – la vallée du Saint-Laurent au Canada – où l’implantation des institutions hospitalières répond à la fois à la volonté de l’Église missionnaire et des autorités coloniales, tout en devant répondre aux besoins d’une population particulière.Notre thèse propose de montrer comment ces différents pouvoirs que sont l’Église, la volonté soignante et le genre s’entremêlent au sein des hôpitaux, et s’exercent sur l’ensemble des personnes qui participent à la vie des établissements depuis le début de cette réforme hospitalière jusqu’à la fin du XVIIIe siècle. Pour ce faire, cette thèse convoque des documents divers issus des fonds d’archives des hôpitaux et des communautés hospitalières. En croisant les textes prescriptifs et les sources témoignant des pratiques hospitalières, ce travail montre que les corps des agents de l’institution comme ceux des usagers subissent un processus de disciplinement relativement similaire, tout particulièrement dans le domaine religieux. Elle souligne de plus la répartition du pouvoir entre les femmes et les hommes qui évolue, au cours de la période étudiée, au bénéfice de ces derniers sous l’effet d’un phénomène de professionnalisation des métiers soignants encadrés par les autorités laïques.En comparant trois territoires, cette thèse montre de plus comment les institutions s’adaptent à des contextes différents. Elle permet ainsi de faire ressortir, notamment à travers une analyse de l’espace hospitalier, les similitudes entre la situation auvergnate et la situation canadienne, du moins au cours des décennies de paix pour la colonie. En revanche, la colonie se distingue nettement de la métropole par le primat accordé au religieux tout au long de la période, qui s’achève avec la Conquête, tandis que les établissements métropolitains, d’abord ceux de Paris puis d’Auvergne, témoignent d’une orientation qui accorde de plus en plus de place et de pouvoir aux questions médicales laïques. / How did Ancien Régime hospitals mark and regulate the bodies of its inhabitants and its officers? From the mid-seventeenth century, the French colonial space was the subject of a hospital reform implemented in collaboration with Church and the State, the latter in the process of absolutism. The creation of the General Hospitals across the kingdom, throughout colonial land, had the effect of gradually clarifying the role of Hôtel-Dieu, and thus contributed to the establishment of a network of health institutions where secular and religious, caregivers and patients, men and women worked alongside each other. In order to capture the primary settings where this process took place, the dissertation analyzes the Parisian establishments under which state and religious wishes were fully expressed, a provincial territory - Auvergne - which, far from the center of royal power adapted the workings of hospital to its territory and colonial space - St. Lawrence Valley in Canada - where the implementation of hospital institutions responded both to the will of the missionary Church and colonial authorities as well as to meet the needs of a particular population. The project demonstrates how the powers of the Church, the caregiver and the dynamics of gender intertwined in hospitals and acting on all those involved in the hospital life from the Earlier this hospital reform until the end of the eighteenth century. For this, this thesis brings together various documents from the archives of hospitals and hospital communities. By crossing the prescriptive texts and documents showing hospital practice, this thesis shows that the bodies of the institution's staff and those of the users underwent a process of disciplining relatively similar, especially in the religious sphere. It also shows that the distribution of power between men and women that evolves during the study period for the benefit of mankind as a result of a phenomenon of professional caregivers trades framed by the secular authorities. Comparing the three territories, this thesis, furthermore, shows how institutions adapt to different contexts. It helps to emphasize, in particular through an analysis of hospital space, the similarities between the Auvergne and the Canadian contexts, at least during the decades of peace for the colony. However, the colony is clearly distinguishable from the metropolis by the primacy accorded to religious throughout the period, which ended with the conquest, while the metropolitan institutions, first those of Paris and the Auvergne, testify to the increasingly power given to lay medical issues.

張明佳. / "2001年6月" / 論文 (哲學碩士)--香港中文大學, 2001. / 參考文獻 (leaves 105-106) / 附中英文摘要. / "2001 nian 6 yue" / Zhang Mingjia. / Lun wen (zhe xue shuo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2001. / Can kao wen xian (leaves 105-106) / Fu Zhong Ying wen zhai yao. / Chapter 第一章 --- 前言 --- p.1 / Chapter 第二章 --- 推廣社會服務與嘉諾撒仁愛會來港 --- p.11 / Chapter 第一節 --- 工作的開展與探索-19世紀中的天主教社會服務 --- p.12 / Chapter 第二節 --- 確立發展方向與引起的問題 --- p.17 / Chapter 第三節 --- 嘉諾撒仁愛會的宗旨與來港 --- p.22 / Chapter 第四節 --- 小結 --- p.28 / Chapter 第三章 --- 歐洲工作模式的嘗試一 香港嘉諾撒仁愛會的早期工作 --- p.36 / Chapter 第一節 --- 香港嘉諾撒仁愛會的成立與早期槪況 --- p.37 / Chapter 第二節 --- 修會學校的發展 --- p.42 / Chapter 第三節 --- 修會收容孤兒服務的發展 --- p.53 / Chapter 第四節 --- 小結 --- p.58 / Chapter 第四章 --- 步入華人社區一 香港嘉諾撒仁愛會的新方向 --- p.63 / Chapter 第一節 --- 嘉諾撒仁愛會的本地化工作 --- p.64 / Chapter 第二節 --- 步入華人社區一 19世紀末嘉諾撒仁愛會的擴展 --- p.69 / Chapter 第三節 --- 對華人社會的影響 --- p.81 / Chapter 第四節 --- 小結 --- p.84 / Chapter 第五章 --- 轉變與社會貢獻一 香港嘉諾撒仁愛會與香港 --- p.89 / Chapter 第一節 --- 傳教工作與社會服務的分離 --- p.90 / Chapter 第二節 --- 重新定位´ؤ淡出醫療與孤兒服務 --- p.95 / Chapter 第三節 --- 嘉諾撒仁愛會在香港社會的角色一培養女性社會精英 --- p.100 / Chapter 第四節 --- 小結 --- p.105 / Chapter 第六章 --- 總結 --- p.107 / 附錄一嘉諾撒仁愛會資深修女的訪問記錄 --- p.115 / 附錄二嘉諾撒仁愛會轄下校舍外觀 --- p.118 / 參考資料 --- p.130

The purpose of this study was twofold; to investigate the relationships between the musical development of two- and three-year-old girls and their mothers' musical backgrounds and the music in their home environments; and to investigate the significance of the differences in the musical development of two- and three-year-old girls with reference to their socio-economic status (SES) and ethnicity. The relationships between the musical development of all subjects and music in the home environment were positive, rendering correlation coefficients that were statistically significant. These statistical inferences indicated that the musical home environment (the product of the mother, the father, and other adults, and the availability of musical items and activities) has the strongest relationship to the musical development of the young child. This influence begins before the age of two and continues during the third year. It was also hypothesized that there would be a significant difference in the musical development of the two- and three- year- old girls with reference to SES and ethnicity. Analysis of variance was employed to ascertain these differences. The subjects remained in age groups and were statistically regrouped by SES and ethnicity for these analyses. From the inferences rendered by these analyses, neither SES nor ethnicity made statistically significant differences in the musical development of these young girls.

This dissertation will examine the formation of the myth that William T. Sherman laid waste to the state of Georgia in 1864, and almost single-handedly invented the concept of “total war.” It will also examine how Sherman’s reputation has evolved over the years from accusations of being a Southern sympathizer and traitor at the end of the Civil War to the modern image of Sherman as the destroyer of the old South. William Tecumseh Sherman was the most controversial general of the American Civil War. The modern image of Sherman is either a destructive monster who violated the laws of civilized warfare or a strategic genius who invented modern warfare. Both of these images have evolved over the years. In large part, they have been the product of Lost Cause writers trying to reinterpret the history of the war, but also the product of Union generals and politicians attempting to glorify their own place in the history of the war, men with personal grudges against the general and modern historians using Sherman to make their own arguments about contemporary society. The sources used for this dissertation were the journals, letters and memoirs of the participants. The Official Records of both the Union and Confederacy were examined as well as nineteenth and twentieth century newspapers and magazines. This dissertation will show that the modern conception of General Sherman is not the same as the historical fact, but rather a post-war creation. Individuals’ agendas have created and sustained the myth of Sherman to explain defeat in the Civil War, justify later military strategy, condemn later conflicts and for personal gain. It is not enough to know that historical events as commonly understood are inaccurate; it is important to understand how and why these inaccuracies came about.

South Asian Americans are one of the fastest growing sub-groups within the Asian American population in the United States today. Between 1960 and 1990, the South Asian American population witnessed an increase of approximately 900% (Leonard, 1997). This increase in population also corresponds with the increase in South Asian American students enrolling in institutions of higher education. However, despite their physical visibility on college and university campuses across the nation, South Asian American students remain invisible in higher education research. Student affairs practitioners have a limited understanding of the unique needs and issues confronted by South Asian American college students. This qualitative study addressed the paucity of research on South Asian American college students by specifically exploring the college experiences of South Asian American women. In particular, the study examined the central intergenerational issues between first-generation South Asian mothers who immigrated to the United States as adults and second-generation South Asian American daughters who are currently enrolled at the University of Texas at Austin. Secondly, it investigated the impact of these intergenerational issues on the identity development and overall college experiences of second-generation South Asian American female college students. Using a postcolonial, critical feminist framework, this study attempted to dismantle the one-dimensional, dominant narrative of South Asian Americans as the successful, high-achieving, model minority and present instead the multi-layered and complex narratives of these participants. Key findings indicated that the intergenerational issues between mothers and daughters were complex with both negative and positive impacts on the mother-daughter relationships, identity development, and the overall college experiences of the daughters. The transmission of culture and cultural values were primary ways in which mothers affected the identity development of their daughters. South Asian American peers and social networks were another significant source of identity development for the students. Additionally, narratives of both mothers and daughters revealed that the impact of the model minority image on women was qualitatively different than men where women had to often strive to fulfill simultaneous expectations of being a successful student and professional as well as conforming to the standards of being the model traditional South Asian wife and mother. / text

How did the Daughters of the Republic of Texas use historic preservation to help create and perpetuate Texas nationalism? Historic sites are an important part of creating and maintaining a nation-state’s national identity, but even more so when the nation no longer exists. The DRT preserved and created a common Texas national history with the preservation and interpretation of the Alamo and the French Legation Museum. The Alamo is the principal symbol of the Texas identity. Before the Alamo was a place of state and national reverence, before it was a battle site, before it was the Alamo, it was a Spanish mission, San Antonio de Valero. Yet, the Daughters of the Republic of Texas reconstructed the history of the mission so as to include only the thirteen days (February 23- March 6, 1836) when it was the site of one of the most important and well-known battles in the War for Texas Independence. This interpretation decision has shaped the way the Alamo is viewed through our collective memory. The French Legation Museum in Austin is important to the story of nationalism in Texas. Although it is not as recognized as the Alamo, the French Legation Museum is a crucial component in the story of Texas as an independent republic. The French Legation gives Texans a physical history of the Republic of Texas, thus strengthening and perpetuating the Texas national identity. The DRT’s preservation decisions at Alamo and the French Legation perpetuate the memory of Texas as an independent republic, and thus preserve the Texas national identity. / text

Pastaraisiais metais vis daugiau susirūpinimą kelia prastėjanti merginų sveikta (Forbes ir kt., 2004), o nepasitenkinimas kūnu siejamas su neigiama fizine ir psichine sveikata bei rizikingu elgesiu (dietos naudojimas, badavimas ir kt.), kuris susijęs su valgymo sutrikimų vystimusi, žema saviverte, depresija, savęs žalojimu ir net savižudybėmis. Darbo tikslas - ištirti merginų ir jų motinų tarpusavio santykių sąsajas su nepasitenkinimu kūnu bei motinų naudojamu auklėjimo stiliumi. Tiriamųjų kontingentas ir tyrimo metodai. Tyrime dalyvavo 259 II – IV klasių Zarasų bei Utenos miestų gimnazijų moksleivės bei 259 mergaičių motinos. Atliekant tyrimą, naudotos šios metodikos: kūno formos klausimynas (BSQ), pasitenkinimo kūno dalimis klausimynas (BSS), figūros vertinimo skalė (FRS), požiūrio į santykius su motina skalė (CAM), vaikų auklėjimo stiliaus klausimynas (PSDQ). Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad motinų nepasitenkinimas savo kūno dalimis yra susijęs su dukrų nepasitenkinimu savo kūnu, o mergaitės, kurios santykius su motina vertina blogiau yra labiau nepatenkintos savo kūnu, nei mergaitės, kurios santykius vertina geriau. Statistiškai reikšmingų skirtumų tarp motinų nepatenkinimo savo kūnu ir dukros, santykių su motina problemiškumo vertinimo nerasta. Motinos, labiau naudojančios autoritarinį auklėjimo stilių yra labiau nepasitenkinusios savo kūno išvaizda nei motinos, naudojančios mažiau autoritarinį auklėjimo stilių. Motinų naudojamas autoritarinis auklėjimo stilius nėra... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / In recent years, more and more concerned about the worsening girls health (Forbes ir kt., 2004), and body dissatisfaction is associated with negative physical and mental health and risky behavior (the use of diet, fasting, etc.) which is connected with the development eating disorders, low self-esteem, depression, self-mutilation and even suicide. The aim - to explore girls and their mothers relationship connection to interfaces with body dissatisfaction and mother usable educational style. Subjects and methods. The study included 259 girls of II – IV gymnasium classes in Zarasai anr Utena and 259 girls' mother. The study used this technique: the body shape questionnaire (BSQ), satisfaction body questionnaire (BSS), the figure rating scale (FRS), Child's attitude toward mother scale (CAM), The Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire (PSDQ). The results showed that mothers' body parts dissatisfaction is associated with daughter’s body parts dissatisfaction, and girls whose relationship with her mother is worse are more dissatisfied with their bodies, than girls who have beter relationship. Statistically significant differences between mothers bodys dissatisfaction and daughters, relationships with her mother problematic assessment was not found. Mothers who more use an authoritarian parentng style are more disatisfied with appearance than mothers who use less an authoritarian parentng style. Maternal used authoritarian parentng style isn‘t statistically significant... [to full text]

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 2000. / Title from title page screen, viewed May 4, 2006. Dissertation Committee: John Shields (chair), Lucia Getsi, Nancy Tolson. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 179-190) and abstract. Also available in print.

Many mid-life daughters are primary caregivers to their elderly mothers. However, in most research studies daughters have been grouped with other caregivers; thus, the daughters' experiences have not been specifically identified. Without this information nurses will be unable to adequately assist mid-life caregiving daughters to attain their optimal levels of health. The phenomenological research method was the methodology used to elicit the experiences of the mid-life daughters. The phenomenological method was congruent with the feminist perspective -- the conceptual framework -- which guided the study. The feminist perspective elucidated the importance of eliciting not only the visible caregiving experiences of the mid-life daughters, but also their internal experiences -- their feelings -- and the meanings they gave to their experiences. The researcher recruited subjects for the study through a daughters-of-aging-parents program which was held at the Women's Resource Centre in Vancouver, British Columbia. In order to collect the data, the researcher interviewed the subjects. Congruent with the phenomenological method, data collection and data analysis ran concurrently throughout the study. The conclusions that the researcher drew from the findings of this study include the following: at the start of a caregiving daughter-mother relationship, a daughter is very responsive to the needs of her mother; when a daughter realizes that she is self-sacrificing herself in order to care for her mother, she becomes less responsive to her mother's needs and focuses, instead, on caring for herself; a daughter who is able to identify her own needs and then act on them Is able to care for her mother and herself in a manner that meets both their needs; a daughter experiences a number of emotions while providing care for her mother; a daughter uses the logical process of working towards healthy differentiation in order to counterbalance her emotional reactivity, and a daughter who successfully counterbalances her emotions with logic discovers her basic self and becomes an entity distinct from, yet interdependent with, her mother. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Nursing, School of / Graduate

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