Bakgrund: Organdonation är en metod för att behandla kritiskt sjuka patienter med organsvikt i slutstadiet. Det finns två olika metoder till hur organ kan doneras från avlidna patienter och dessa är donation efter död till följd av cirkulationsstillestånd efter total hjärninfarkt. Specialistsjuksköterskor inom intensivvård har en viktig roll i donationsprocessen där arbetsuppgifter involverar att identifiera potentiella donatorer, stötta närstående och bedriva organbevarande behandling. Syfte: Att beskriva intensivvårdssjuksköterskans upplevelse av att vårda patienter under donationsprocessen.  Metod: Designen är en strukturerad litteraturöversikt med ett systematiskt tillvägagångssätt och induktiv metodansats utifrån kvalitativa artiklar. Artiklarna har granskats med en granskningsmall av Caldwell et al som finns beskrivet av Bettany-Saltikov och McSherry (2016). Data analyserades enligt en tematisk analysmetod med 9 steg av Burnard (1991) som är anpassad och finns beskrivet i Bettany-Saltikov och McSherry (2016). Resultat: Dataanalysen resulterade i tre huvudteman och 6 subteman, De tre huvudteman är: ”Vårdövergångens komplexitet”, ”att se människan och hitta mening” och ”gemensam styrka och kunskap”.  Slutsats: Intensivvårdssjuksköterskan har en stödjande funktion i relation till närstående. Dem upplevde svårigheter att balansera behovet av stöd till närstående och den medicinska behandlingen under donationsprocessen. Intensivvårdssjuksköterskan hade svårt att hitta mening under donationsprocessen och det fanns en korrelation mellan att vårda donatorpatienter och senare uppleva känslor av fatigue och moralisk stress. Det föreligger ett behov av stöd från andra professioner, ökad kunskap, riktlinjer och utbildning gällande donationsprocessen. / Background: Organ donation is a method of treating critically ill patients with end-stage organ failure. There are two different methods of how organs can be donated from deceased patients, and these are donation after death because of circulatory arrest and after total cerebral infarction. Specialist nurses in intensive care have an important role in the donation process where tasks involve identifying potential donors, supporting relatives, and conducting organ preservation treatment. Purpose: To describe the intensive care nurse's experience of caring for patients during the donation process. Method: The design is a structured literature review with a systematic approach and inductive methodological approach based on qualitative articles. The articles have been reviewed using a reviewed template by Caldwell et al as described by Bettany-Saltikov och McSherry (2016). Data were analyzed according to a thematic analysis method with 9 steps by Burnard (1991) which is adapted and described in Bettany-Saltikov och McSherry (2016). Results: The data analysis resulted in three main themes and six sub-themes. The three main themes are: The complexity of care transition, seeing the person and communal strength and knowledge. Conclusion: The intensive care nurse has a supporting function in relation to relatives. They experienced difficulties in balancing the need for support to relatives and the medical treatment associated with the donation process. The intensive care nurse had difficulty finding meaning during the donation process and there was a correlation between caring for donor patients and later experiencing feelings of fatigue and moral stress. There is a need for support from other professions, increased knowledge, guidelines, and training regarding the donation process.

This thesis analyses the acquisition of donations by the German faith missions from their beginnings up to the outbreak of World War II. The focus is directed to the three oldest German faith missions: the Neukirchener Mission, the Allianz-China-Mission, and the Liebenzeller Mission. As a specific characteristic of faith missions, the contemporary literature mentions the so-called faith principle. This faith principle, propagated by such personalities as Hudson Taylor and Georg Müller, stands for the deliberate renunciation of public fundraising. It is the leading question of this thesis whether the German faith missions have adopted and realized this principle. Analysing the theory and the methodology, it becomes clear, that the three oldest German faith missions have not renounced the principle of obtaining donations. This thesis offers also a model of interpretation to determine the factors that are of relevance for the acquisition of donations by the mentioned missions. / Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology / (M.Th.(Missiology))

published_or_final_version / Community Medicine / Master / Master of Public Health

Introduction: The desire to have children and form a family is for many people central for life fulfilment and the desire does not differ by sexual orientation. Due a series of societal changes during the last decade, today we see a lesbian baby boom. Planned lesbian families are a relatively new group of patients and parents in reproductive health care, yet little is known about psychological wellbeing during the transition to parenthood in these families. Aim: The overall aim of this thesis was to fill a gap of knowledge about the psychological aspects of undergoing treatment with donated sperm, at the time of pregnancy and during early parenthood that affect lesbian couples forming a family. Method: This is a multicentre study comprising all 7 university clinics that perform gamete donation. The study includes lesbian couples undergoing treatment with donated sperm and heterosexual couples undergoing IVF treatment with their own gametes. Participants were recruited consecutively during 2005 and 2008. 165 lesbian couples and 151 heterosexual couples participated in the study. Participants responded questionnaires at three time points (T); time point 1 (T1) at the commencement of treatment, (T2) after the first round of treatment, around 2 month after T1 and (T3) 12-18 months after first treatment when a presumptive child had reached 1 year. Data was analysed with statistical methodology. Results: Lesbian couples reported an all over high satisfaction with relationship quality, good psychological wellbeing and low parenting stress. Heterosexual couples also reported good satisfaction with relationship quality, however somewhat lower than the lesbian couples. Parenting stress in the heterosexual couples was similar to the lesbian couples. A strong association was found between high relationship satisfaction and low parenting stress. Conclusions: Lesbian couples forming a family through sperm donation treatment are satisfied with their relationships, they report a good psychological health and experiences of low parenting stress.

Sectional ownership has introduced several new concepts of property that differ significantly from prevailing as well as common-law concepts of property. The right of extension with regards to sectional titles is one such concept. The right entails a subtraction from the dominium of sectional owners and is widely regarded as a limited real right. It is submitted that the right cannot be categorised into any common-law category. The right is a statutory limited real right sui generis that has its own characteristics with regards to the way it is established, transferred, alienated, burdened or lapses. The right should also be recognised as constitutional property. The study concludes with an investigation into selected aspects relating to the right as an estate asset and points to problems relating to the valuation of the right for purposes of estate, capital gains and donation tax. / LLM (Estate Law), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014

Introduction: The desire to have children and form a family is for many people central for life fulfilment and the desire does not differ by sexual orientation. Due a series of societal changes during the last decade, today we see a lesbian baby boom. Planned lesbian families are a relatively new group of patients and parents in reproductive health care, yet little is known about psychological wellbeing during the transition to parenthood in these families. Aim: The overall aim of this thesis was to fill a gap of knowledge about the psychological aspects of undergoing treatment with donated sperm, at the time of pregnancy and during early parenthood that affect lesbian couples forming a family. Method: This is a multicentre study comprising all 7 university clinics that perform gamete donation. The study includes lesbian couples undergoing treatment with donated sperm and heterosexual couples undergoing IVF treatment with their own gametes. Participants were recruited consecutively during 2005 and 2008. 165 lesbian couples and 151 heterosexual couples participated in the study. Participants responded questionnaires at three time points (T); time point 1 (T1) at the commencement of treatment, (T2) after the first round of treatment, around 2 month after T1 and (T3) 12-18 months after first treatment when a presumptive child had reached 1 year. Data was analysed with statistical methodology. Results: Lesbian couples reported an all over high satisfaction with relationship quality, good psychological wellbeing and low parenting stress. Heterosexual couples also reported good satisfaction with relationship quality, however somewhat lower than the lesbian couples. Parenting stress in the heterosexual couples was similar to the lesbian couples. A strong association was found between high relationship satisfaction and low parenting stress. Conclusions: Lesbian couples forming a family through sperm donation treatment are satisfied with their relationships, they report a good psychological health and experiences of low parenting stress. / <p>Name change: Paper 2, "Psychological health in lesbian and heterosexual couples undergoing assisted reproduction" in the list of papers has been changed to "Symptoms of anxiety and depression in lesbian couples treated with donated sperm: a descriptive study"</p>

A continuous need for blood products, specifically for those who require frequent transfusions, such as individuals with sickle cell disease, warrants the need for targeted interventions to increase blood donations from underrepresented populations. One population in particular, African Americans, only account for 1% of blood donors in the United States. Literature indicates numerous reasons why this population is underrepresented amongst donors, including fear, lack of knowledge about the blood donation, and specific to this population, lack of trust in the medical community. This study involves the development, implementation, and assessment of a targeted educational approach, incorporating the Theory of Planned Behavior and various teaching methods, to motivate African Americans non-donors to attempt to donate blood. Participants attended a 1-hour educational session where they completed two surveys, one before the session and one directly after. A third survey was completed 2 months after the session. Of the 155 individuals enrolled in the study, 142 subjects were included in the data analysis. Sixteen percent of the study participants presented to donate as a result of attending the educational session. This resulted in a statistically significantly higher proportion of African Americans presenting to donate than the current proportion in Virginia. Analysis of results from the first two surveys indicated that subjective norm and attitude were significant predictors of one’s intent to donate blood, while perceived behavioral control was not a factor. The educational session increased survey scores related to intent to donate in comparison to scores obtained prior to the session. While this study resulted in a significant proportion of new donors, there is still a need for interventions that will focus specifically on changing attitudes toward blood donation and a need for methods to motivate African Americans to educate individuals in the community on the importance of becoming blood donors.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

The impact of deceased tissue donation and transplantation is far-reaching; however, little is known about the public’s attitudes towards tissue donation. Siminoff, Traino, and Gordon (2010) found that families’ attitudes towards tissue donation were a significant predictor of consent; specifically, families that were initially favorable towards tissue donation were more likely to donate their loved ones tissues than families that were initially unfavorable towards tissue donation. Using a qualitative coding approach and the Tripartite Model of Attitude Structure (affective, behavioral, and cognitive attitude components) as a conceptual framework, families’ expressed attitudes toward tissue donation were extracted from N=240 audiorecordings of past tissue donation requests from 16 different OPOs. In addition, semi-structured interviews were conducted with N=14 Tissue Requesters from LifeNet Health in Virginia Beach, Virginia about their perceptions of families’ attitudes. Together, 14 attitude domains and 34 subdomains were derived from the families’ expressed attitudes. Several multivariate analyses were performed. After controlling for time spent discussing tissue donation and confusion between tissues and organs, affective attitudes were significantly different among three FDM initial response groups (favorable, unsure, and unfavorable). Further, the attitude domains “donation invokes positive emotion” and “pro-donation behaviors” were the best discriminators of FDM groups. Suggestions for educational interventions were discussed.

The theme of the essay is the mapping of the country/land theme in the Hebrew canon from the basic division of the individual word meanings along with brief characteristics and statistics of occurrences of each of these meanings in the canon, through a detailed focus on specific one - the Promised Land. The meaning is monitored in terms of content and theological significance with regard to the storyline of the text. Attention is focused on individual occurrences of words in the Hebrew text and on their specifics, but also on combining elements from the perspective of the entire canon of the Hebrew Bible.