Yes / Following organ donation, bodies of children are generally cared for in hospital mortuaries or by funeral directors, and their families are offered little routine bereavement support. A partnership between an organ donation nursing team and regional children's hospice trialled an initiative where families were offered bereavement support from the hospice, and their child's body was cared for in a 'cool room' after death. Hospice services are usually restricted to children with life-limiting conditions, and their families. To explore the perceptions and experience of nursing staff who are involved in supporting families of children and young people who have been cared for in children's hospice cool rooms after death, following organ donation. A qualitative exploratory study consisting of a focus group interview with registered nurses from the children's hospice and organ donation teams. A purposeful sample of nurses was recruited. Data were collected in a digitally-recorded focus group interview during March 2018. The interview was transcribed and analysed using a qualitative content approach. Six nurses participated in the focus group. Analysis revealed five themes that characterised the perceptions of nurses: (i) barriers to care, (ii) bereavement care for families, (iii) impact on families and staff, (iv) influencers and enablers of change, and (v) sustainability of new practices. Nurses perceived the long-term, responsive and family-centred approach to bereavement support as a strength of the hospice model, reducing the experience of moral distress in organ donation nurses.

The Gift 2.0 - A Museological Study of donations of Objects and its Underlying Motives, is a study in order to explain why people choose to donate items for museums, rather than any other alternative.The empirical study consists of qualitative, semi-structured research-interviews conducted with seven selected curators from various museums, with extensive experience of the subject acquisition. I have chosen to only examine Swedish cultural-historical museums. The hypothesis that I assumed was first and foremost that the heritage sphere is what Pierre Bourdieu calls a field. The reason that people would donate objects to museums, is that the donation itself brings cultural capital to the donor, from people with the same habitus. Since I felt that Bourdieus theory of field, capital and habitus could not explain all the reason why people donate items to museum, my second hypotheses was that certain objects are what Annette Weiner called inalienable possessions, objects that at any cost may not be sold or bartered away. It is precisely the ability to keep the object outside of the commercial sphere that is the essential for an inalienable possession. Linked to this hypothesis I argued that museums act like a bastion of inalienable possessions, in which the donor can continue to keep the object while it has been given. My source material consists of the research interviews and secondary material that I have acquired during the study, consisting of literature, deed of gift and e-mail correspondence. I have analyzed both primary and secondary source material using my hypotheses. The results of this study verify that my hypothesis is valid to use as a musicological theory of gifts. The study is a two year master´s thesis in Museum and Heritage Studies.

In this paper I examine the factors that affect the likelihood an individual is a registered organ donor. Unlike many studies which focus on subpopulations in specific regions, I utilize national data to get a broader assessment of individuals from around the country across a number of racial and religious classifications. Using a probit model and controlling for a variety of parameters, I find that some racial and religious variables are negatively and significantly associated with organ donor registration rates, while education and being female are positively associated with organ donor registration rates. I conclude by discussing the implications of my results and the potential for future research.

La présente recherche met en évidence un phénomène qui est le fond commun des manières d’apparaître analysées par la phénoménologie française contemporaine. Ce phénomène est mis en évidence par l’analyse des œuvres de Jean-Luc Marion, Mihel Henry et Emmanuel Lévinas. L’analyse de l’œuvre de Marion permet de définir la métaphysique : celle-ci considère que l’apparaître est nécessairement la prérogative d’un Je. Contre cette idée, la phénoménologie met en évidence un phénomène qui apparaît avant qu’un Je ne s’en reçoive. Ce qui se montre ainsi de soi-même est le phénoménal. C’est sur fond de ce phénoménal que la donation se déploie, et si la donation ne donne plus son contenu à l’apparaître, elle est déploiement des phases qui structurent la phénoménalité. L’analyse de l’œuvre de Henry permet de distinguer la manière d’apparaître du phénoménal de celle du Je. Le contenu de l’apparaître du phénoménal est identiquement sa manière d’apparaître, et en cela le phénoménal est affectivité. Mais cette affectivité est impersonnelle et se dit d’une foison de tonalités affectives. Elle doit donc être distinguée du fait de se sentir soi-même considéré en lui-même qu’est cette essence de l’affectivité où le Soi se saisit de son ipséité. L’analyse de l’œuvre de Lévinas permet de décrire le déploiement des phases de la phénoménalité en deux mouvements. Par un mouvement d’en-stase, l’essence de l’affectivité se distille du phénoménal. Par un mouvement d’extase, le gouffre de l’« il y a », l’idée d’infini et la distance phénoménologique s’évaporent du phénoménal. L’unité de ces deux mouvements contraires est nommée diastase, et cette diastase est comprise comme quête d’emphase. / This researh highlights a phenomenon that is the common bakground of the various modes of manifestation analysed by the french contemporary phenomenology. That phenomenon is highlighted by the analysis of the works of Jean-LucMarion, Mihel Henry and Emmanuel Levinas. The analysis of the works of Marion brings us to a definition of the metaphysics : it considers that the manifestation is always the prerogative of a subject. Against this idea, the phenomenology highlights a phenomenon that appears before any subject. The phenomenon that shows itself that way is the phenomenal. It’s on that that the donation spreads, and if that donation does not give its content to the manifestation, it is the deployment of the phases that structure the phenomenality. The analysis of the works of Henry brings us to a distinction between the way that the phenomenal appears and the way that the ego appears. The contents of the manifestation of the phenomenal is also its way of appearance, and in that sense, the phenomenal is affectivity. But that kind of affectivity is impersonal, and concerns an abundance of affective qualities. It must be distinguish from the fact to feel itself considered in itself whih is that essence of affectivity on whih the self seize its selfhood. The analysis of the works of Levinas allows a description of the deployment of the phases of the phenomenality in two movements. By a movement of enstasis, the essence of affectivity gets distilled from the phenomenal. By a movement of extasis, the gulf of the « there is », the idea of infinity, and the phenomenological distance, evaporates from the phenomenal. The unity of these two movements is called diastasis.

Because of the diversity of the society,the contents of the service and production provided by the public department (Government) and the private department (Business) can not fit the present and future needs. Based on the failures of the functions of the society and the government,NPO or NGO is flourishing to make up for the insufficiency of the two departments. There is a vigorous development of NPOs in Taiwan since 921 earthquake,and the numbers of NPOs rise steeply.As to NPOs,it is very critical to understand the donation willingness of the donators on the situation of limited society resources and private donations. The goals of the research are to discuss the donation willingness of the donators of the NPOs including the personalities, motives, religious beliefs of the donators,the fame of NPOs,the extent of expositions of information and the usage of the donation.And then probe the causes of the donation willingness of the donators. The goals of the rsearch are as following: 1.To probe the recognition of the NPOs managers,volunteers and donators to influence the donation willingness of the donators in Kaohsiung district. 2.To analyze the factors that influence the donators of the NPOs in Kaohsiung district. 3.To provide the suggestions to the managers of the NPOs in Kaohsiung district.

Darbo tikslas - įvertinti kraujo donorų požiūrį į pakartotinę kraujo donorystę ir nustatyti priežastis, dėl kurių kraujo donorai nesiryžta pakartotiniam kraujo davimui. Darbo uždaviniai:1.Įvertinti atlygintinų ir neatlygintinų kraujo donorų požiūrį į kraujo donorystę ir nustatyti pirmo kraujo davimo motyvus. 2. Nustatyti priežastis, dėl kurių kraujo donorai nesiryžta pakartotiniam kraujo davimui atlygintinų ir neatlygintinų donorų tarpe. 3. Nustatyti ir palyginti atlygintinos ir neatlygintinos kraujo donacijos ekonominius kaštus. Tyrimo metodika. Tyrimas vykdytas 2012 m. kovo-balandžio mėnesiais viešojoje įstaigoje Nacionalinis kraujo centras. Telefoninės apklausos būdu, pagal sudarytą klausimyną, buvo apklausti 400 kraujo donorai, kurie po pirmo kraujo davimo neatvyko pakartotinam kraujo davimui praėjus vieneriems ir daugiau metų. Ekonominis kraujo donorystės vertinimas atliktas skaičiuojant ir vertinant 2011 m. kraujo donorystės ekonominius rodiklius. Statistinė gautų duomenų analizė atlikta naudojant “SPSS 17.0” statistinę programą. Ryšio stiprumas tarp kategorinių kintamųjų buvo tiriamas naudojant Kramerio V koreliacijos koeficientą, kartu tikrinant hipotezę apie jo lygybę nuliui (statistinį reikšmingumą). Požymių priklausomybei nustatyti skaičiuotas chi-kvadrato (χ2) kriterijus. Kai reikšmingumo lygmuo p<0,05, požymių skirtumas tiriamųjų grupėse laikytas statistiškai reikšmingu. REZULTATAI. Dažniau neatlygintinai pirmą kartą duoti kraujo buvo atvykę asmenys, turintys... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / AIM OF THE STUDY: to evaluate blood donors‘ attitude to repeated blood donation and to determine the causes why blood donors refuse to repeat blood donation. OBJECTIVES: 1. To evaluate remunerated and non-remunerated blood donors‘ attitude to blood donation and determine the incentives for the first blood donation. 2. To determine the causes why blood donors refuse to repeat remunerated and non-remunerated blood donation. 3. To assess and compare the cost of remunerated and non-remunerated blood donation. RESEARCH. The research was conducted in March - April, 2012, at National Blood Center. There was prepared a questionnaire and 400 blood donors, who did not donate blood after one year or more after first donation, were asked to answer the questions by phone. The economic blood donation evaluation was carried out while calculating and analysing the data regarding blood donation from the year 2011. The statistical analysis of the data was conducted using “SPSS 17.0” statistical programme. Cramer‘s V correllation coefficient was used to determine the relationship between categorical variables, at the same time checking the zero hypothesis (statistical significance). In order to determine the dependence of variables, chi-square (χ2) criterion was calculated. The differences were judged to be statistically significant, when p<0.05. RESULTS. Individuals who had higher university education, were employed and received a monthly salary of more than 2,500 Lt, first time donated... [to full text]

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Au lendemain de la renaissance juridique du XIIe siècle et de la redécouverte des compilations de Justinien, les juristes médiévaux s’attachent à bâtir un principe général de prohibition des donations entre époux. Dès la première moitié du XIIIe siècle, civilistes et canonistes assouplissent cependant les restrictions, passant ainsi d’une prohibition stricte à un simple système de révocabilité. Les praticiens français, répondant aux demandes de conjoints soucieux de protéger le survivant, ont contribué à l’affaiblissement des entraves romaines et canoniques : serment promissoire, clause de renonciation, donation par personne interposée constituent autant d’expédients, parfois même empiriques et frauduleux. En dépit de ce long glissement doctrinal et des palliatifs élaborés par les notaires, des interdictions ont longtemps persisté dans la plupart des législations territoriales, rédigées et inlassablement réformées à l’aune du droit romain, du Moyen Âge central au début de l’Époque moderne. / Immediately following the juridical renaissance of the 12th century and the rediscovery of the Justinian codification of Roman law, medieval jurists were committed to creating a general principle prohibiting donations between spouses. As early as the first half of the 13th century, however, civil law experts and canonists modulated the restrictions, thereby moving from strict prohibition to a simple system of revocability. French practitioners, responding to requests from married people concerned to protect their surviving spouse, contributed to weakening the constraints of Roman and canon law; promissory oaths, renunciation clauses and donations through an intermediary comprised such contrivances, which were sometimes even improvised and fraudulent. Despite this long doctrinal slide and the palliatives drawn up by notaries, such interdictions persisted over a long period of time in most territorial legislations, redrafted and repeatedly reformed according to the standards of Roman law from the high Middle Ages to the beginning of the modern times.

The views of medical doctors regarding organ donation and transplantation in the Durban Metropolitan Region were examined in an exploratory and explanatory study, which included a descriptive, convenience sampled study of 43 graduate and postgraduate professionals, practicing in the private and provincial sectors. Characteristics were obtained from a 1 D6-item questionnaire that were later divided into component contributions according to Fazio's attitude to behavior process model (Fazio, 1989; Fazio & RoskosEewoldson, 1994). Variables which were analysed included personal demographics, personal views, knowledge and skills, practice-related issues, attitudes and perceptions as well as future recommendations. Analysis of the information revealed that most medical doctors approved of organ donation practices and viewed transplantation as a significant roleplayer in both the community and medical sectors. However, a knowledge and skills deficit combined with religious presumptions and general uncertainty regarding issues surrounding the practical, legal and emotional concepts of brain death may be responsible for the relatively low personal dedication and practice participation rate among the sample. Medical doctors from the provincial sector appeared to have considerable concerns which included: time constraints; a perceived lack of support from colleagues, nurses and hospital administrators; a lack of medico-Iegal awareness relating to organ donation and brain death and a scarcity of experience and insight into the transplant process. In order to address the paucity of awareness pertaining to brain death and organ donation activities, the findings indicate that formal and interactive education programs during the undergraduate, postgraduate and medical development phases are required in which issues surrounding death and dying can be explored by a multidisciplinary team. It appears that this team must comprise of doctors, lawyers, religious leaders, psychologists, administrators, nurses, donor families and transplant co-ordinators. This development may serve to emphasize the professional importance of holistic bereavement counseling, improve doctor and patient satisfaction, increase organ donation referrals and transplantation rates as well as diminish medico-Iegal concerns. / Thesis (M.Cur.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2001.

Bakgrund: Organdonation kan rädda människors liv när all annan möjlig behandling redan testats. Behovet av organ i Sverige överskrider idag tillgången, vilket resulterar i att människor avlider i väntan på ett organ. Förutom att möjliggöra en människas överlevnad är transplantation mer kostnadseffektivt än kontinuerlig behandling. I nuläget finns inga nationella riktlinjer i Sverige för utbildning inom organdonation för intensivvårdssjuksköterskor. Forskning har visat att intensivvårdssjuksköterskans arbete är av stor vikt för donationsprocessen. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att belysa behovet av utbildning hos intensivvårdssjuksköterskor som vårdar potentiella avlidna donatorer. Metod: Studien har utförts genom en litteraturstudie med systematisk datainsamling. Integrativ metod med en kvalitativ innehållsanalys har använts då artiklar med både kvalitativ och kvantitativ ansats analyserats för att besvara syftet för studien. Resultat: En stor del intensivvårdssjuksköterskor upplevde sig vara obekväma med att vårda organdonatorer. Vårdandet av en donator kan medföra att mycket känslor uppstår hos intensivvårdssjuksköterskan och upplevdes som mentalt påfrestande. Utbildning inom organdonation kan hjälpa intensivvårdssjuksköterskan att hantera dessa känslor. Utbildning kan även leda till att fler potentiella donatorer identifieras. Utbildning behöver ges regelbundet och intensivvårdssjuksköterskan behöver specifikt utbildning om donationsprocessen, bemötande och kommunikation av de närstående samt skillnader i hjärt- och hjärndöda patienter. Slutsats: Intensivvårdssjuksköterskan behöver få en djupare förståelse av vården kring organdonation och få en ökad kunskap och utbildning för att stärka sin professionella roll. Utbildning kan även förbättra donationsprocessen och möjliggöra för fler donatorer. Vidare forskning inom området anses behövas för att utveckla vården kring donatorer och närstående. / Background: Organ donation can save lives when all other treatment options have been exhausted. Today, the demand for organs in Sweden exceeds supply, resulting in people dying in wait for an available organ for transplantation. In addition to saving a person’s life, transplantations are more cost-effective than continuous treatment. Currently, there are no national guidelines for the provision of training in the area of organ donations for intensive care nurses. Research has shown that the efforts of intensive care nurses play a major role in the donation process. Aim: The aim of this study is to shed light on the need for training of intensive care nurses caring for potential deceased donors. Methodology: The study was conducted through a literature review with systematic data collection. An integrative method with qualitative content analysis was employed, as articles with both qualitative and quantitative approaches were analysed to shed light on the aim of the study. Findings: A large proportion of intensive care nurses felt uncomfortable caring for organ donors. Caring for a donor can be a very emotional and mentally trying experience for intensive care nurses. Organ donation training can help intensive care nurses cope with these feelings. Training can also result in the identification of more potential donors. Regular training is necessary, and intensive care nurses require specific training on the donation process, treatment and communication with next of kin as well as differences between donation after cardiac death patients and donation after brain death patients. Conclusion: The intensive care nurses needs to gain a deeper understanding of the care surrounding organ donation. To increase the professional role of the nurse there is a need to strengthen the knowledge and education. The donation process could be improved by education, which can lead to more organ donations. Further research within this area of expertise needs to be done to be able to develop the care for the donors and their families.