The goal of the thesis is to formulate suggestion to Czech universities regarding publication of textbooks and academic texts in electronic formats. The thesis also provides a general view of the Czech ebook market -- the history, formats and digital right management of ebooks are described. The process of ebook elaboration and reading devices with their pros and cons are also mentioned. The comparison of world and Czech ebook and etextbook market is emphasized and the availability of Czech etextbooks and academic text in Czech higher education institutions is mapped. The hypothesis that Czech students' demand for etextbooks is sufficient for profitable etextbook elaboration by Czech higher education institutions in the way that prevents from illegal sharing of content and violating of authorial laws is examined.

This thesis Interactive content of eBooks presents complex view on preparations and development of interactive and enhanced electronic book from technical, legislative, content and economic perspective. It describes types of interactivity modules, available interactive eBook formats, reading devices and software. It also compares USA market to the Czech market of interactive eBooks. This thesis processes results of questionnaire survey in the area of Czech readers awareness of interactive eBooks. In practical part of the thesis process of interactive book creation in Czech environment is engineered.

Diploma work „Multimedia player for iOS“ deals with the description of the video formats such as HLS, MP4, MPEG Transport Stream, and Dash. Next, it continues with protected content DRM, VAST advertisements and analytics tool called Google Analytics. During compilation of this diploma work was created a framework in programming language Swift. This framework is basically a player, that besides playing Interactive videos is able to show ads, subtitles, can change the video quality, AirPlay and download the content for offline playing. A feature to play a protected content could not be done as a developer's request for a product deployment SDK Fairplay was refused from an SDK owner. A testing app was also created that implements developed a framework and prove the functionality of the developed functions.

This thesis aims to create an advanced multimedia player with support of an adaptive stream, securing of the multimedia content and support for playing advertisement. The first part explains the used technologies followed by an analysis of available solutions and the comparison between the two. The theoretical framework is then used to create a player library and a testing application. The player library is based on the framework of ExoPlayer application. Whole application is created in Java for the operation system Android OS.

Master’s thesis deals with design and practical realisation of electronic circuits, which are needed for assembling of DRM signal transmitter for ham short waves bands. There is presented DRM standard as well as there are described the differencies between DRM for radio broadcast and for ham using. There is described design of input audio circuits, modulator, mixer, local generator, amplifier and filters. Principle of used SSB modulator is based on phase method, often called Tayloe modulator. This principle is analysed in detail including mathematical description, which was derived. It is possible to control the transmitter by program running at computer, communication takes place via USB. There is described establishment of communication in this work too.

This study examines the social shaping of digital radio in Europe and provides new insights about the main competing technologies and the discourses built around their capabilities. The radio frequency spectrum is a limited resource and in order to be used in the most efficient way different organizations have been researching optimizing standards since the mid-1980s. The Eureka-147 project produced the first European digital broadcasting standard DAB whose development have been initially fostered by public service broadcasters and electronics manufacturers, consequently by commercial broadcasters and governmental institutions. The design and policy of DAB did not manage to grasp the attention and support of all the actors present in the nascent digital radio industry. A decade after its launch DAB was followed by other digital radio standards, as DAB+ and DRM, in the role of complements/competitors. At the same time the Internet started to be used as infrastructure for delivering radio or sound entertainment content. Thirty years after the beginning of the European digital radio experience, the picture is still complex and no technology achieved a complete and harmonized implementation. Across Europe, countries have been involved in the digitalization of radio to different extent: Norway announced FM transmissions shutdown in 2017, UK and Switzerland have developed an almost nationally wide digital network coverage and are about to run their switchover plans, some other countries as Sweden and Italy are still in a transmission-trial and evaluation phase. The history of digital radio in Europe offers ground for a Social Shaping of Technology analysis as exposed in “The Social construction of technological systems” (1987) by Wiebe Bijker, Thomas Hughes and Trevor Pinch. The Social Shaping of Technology claims that technologies and their outcomes are always socially negotiated. According to this theoretical framework and in particular to the Social Construction of Technology (SCOT) methodology, it is possible to highlight a number of social groups negotiating the final technology in the development of every artefact. In particular SCOT allows to find points of interpretative flexibility, namely diverging interpretations that different groups have of a same technology or a particular feature of it. These arguments or discourses are built around a technology or its features in order to foster a particular concerns of the corresponding group. This master thesis analyses the development of digital radio in Europe according to the framework provided by the Social Shaping of Technology, enriching the number of case studies that have been conducted following this framework. In this way the dissertation “The Social Shaping of European Digital Radio” provides an overview on the social, political and economic forces which negotiated the technology throughout its development and provides a deeper understanding of the overall digital media technology industry.

在數位內容下載市場蓬勃發展的同時，非法傳輸的流量亦不惶多讓，是以DRM機制成為了著作權利人進入網路世界的絕佳後盾，以DRM提高複製的門檻，並據以實施其商業模式，故於各數位內容核心產業皆可見DRM應用之蹤跡，卻同時引發了究竟DRM是Digital “Rights” Management 亦或Digital “Restriction” Management的爭議。是天使？或是惡魔？便形成了人們對於DRM的不同觀感。 本研究係從技術、法律以及管理三個面向分別切入，由技術面看DRM保護著作物之極限何在，由法律面看相關科技保護措施之立法造成何種影響，合理使用的空間是否因DRM之實施而造成限縮，接著由管理面向看DRM在數位內容產業價值鏈中所扮演之角色及其與價值鏈上各端權力角力衝突之關係，最後由標準面看目前DRM相關標準的運作以及互通性標準的發展趨勢。並從個案研究觀察DRM在不同產業情境中的應用。 本研究認為，DRM技術本身是中性的，其關鍵在於商業設計運用。而在盜版問題無法完全根絕之情況下，以DRM作為因應之道將使得受限內容之經濟價值不若自由流通之內容，因為內容產業的發展關鍵在於「人氣」，而盜版永遠無法取代創意與使用者對於內容之需求。因此，既然無法防堵非法傳輸之現象，則不妨與之直接面對面進行作戰，權利人既掌握了關鍵的內容，則可以針對盜版的弱點提供更優質的服務。就我國目前數位內容產業發展之情境來看，現階段或許有採取DRM進行保護的必要性，以便在推動合法消費市場之際，平衡兼顧保護著作權人以及著作利用人之權益。然而，在虛擬世界中欲全面防堵非法散佈有其技術上之侷限性，消費者亦多半養成了免費取得之使用模式與心態，因此長期而言，或許應設法從創新的商業模式來扭轉此態勢。 / Though the use of digital rights management (DRM) has been controversial, it is still widely used in the digital world. Advocates think of DRM as an indispensable way to prevent unauthorized duplication and dissemination of copyrighted works while opponents often suggest that the term “rights” should be replaced by “restriction” to best describe how DRM works. This thesis aims to analyze the issues of DRM from three perspectives. First starting with the technical point of view to see how DRM works and found out that DRM technology does have its limitation for copyright protection. That’s the reason why treaties and legislations such as the WCT, WPPT, and DMCA are needed to build the last ditch in the war with piracy. However, the attempt backfired as companies other than rights holders used it as a way to prevent market competition. As the rights holders can effectively control the access of their work with DRM, there comes another dispute about the “Paracopyright” effect. Most important of all, the use of DRM divests the users of the rights they had in the analog world, such as simply lending a book to a friend. From the perspective of management, a cost benefit analysis indicates that the benefit of using DRM to prevent unauthorized duplication obviously overwhelms by its cost and risk. In the context where the content providers, service providers, and device manufacturers all attempt to dominate the whole value chain, DRM also became one of the most powerful instruments for that purpose. Closed ecosystems are built one after another especially in the online music industry in order to bundle the consumers with specific players and music services and thus caused the antitrust issue. The online music industry and the e-book industry were chosen as case studies in the fourth chapter of the thesis. Based on different industry context, DRM strategy and its impact would differ and therefore results in a variety of business models. For example, the consumers in the US are relatively more aware of the use of DRM and are more willing to pay for authorized content. In contrast, the awareness of DRM of consumers in Taiwan is much lower and the price they are willing to pay is also far lower than what the music labels can accept. As a result, the streaming model prevails over pay-per-download model in the online music market of Taiwan. And the feasibility and necessity of DRM also varies in different industries. Before the digitalization of books, authors already had libraries providing free copies as piracy do today, and the prevalence of scanning machines and copy machines makes it even harder to prevent illegal file sharing. Accordingly, there is far less reason to use DRM in the e-book industry than in the online music industry. DRM technology is neutral in itself, and the key point is how it is designed based on different business models. The defect of DRM is neither a technical nor a legal issue, but rather a business issue. As piracy can never be eradicated, coping it with DRM would only make the value of restricted contents much less than freely distributed contents. Popularity is what really matters in the content industry. DRM has its technical limit and causes so many legal issues accompanied with the cost and risk of maintaining such fragile systems. What rights holders have in hand are the creativity and the market’s need for new content, which could never be replaced by piracy. So why not fight it face to face? Digital content industry is considered one of the most promising industries in Taiwan. However, local consumers have entrenched mindset of “free” contents. In present context, DRM is somehow needed while promoting the growth of legal market, in order to provide sufficient incentive to enrich the society with more and more creativity, and fairly protect both the rights of content providers and content users. But in the long run, a more creative or even subversive business model should be the solution to meet the trend of digital convergence.

I en tid kännetecknat av en strävan efter ett mer hållbart samhälle, med utformade långsiktiga klimatmål för förnyelsebara energikällor och minskade utsläpp, arbetar fordonsutvecklare med att ta fram alternativ till förbränningsmotorer. För att nå satta klimatmål och samtidigt förbättra arbetsmiljön med minskat buller anses en elektrisk drivlina som ett troligt alternativ. För tunga fordon såsom lastbilar som ofta utrustas med tillsatsutrustning som kranar, tippbara flak eller cementroterare är beroende av ett kraftuttag för att driva hydraulpumpar och generatorer. Vid en omställning till elektrisk drivlina är det inte längre säkert att möjligheten kvarstår att ta kraft från drivlinan. Detta har lett till en efterfrågan på elektriskt separat drivna kraftuttag uppstått på marknaden. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka och få en förståelse för inom vilket effektområde och vilken typ av elektrisk motor som är bäst lämpad för att separat driva ett kraftuttag. Målet är att med denna kunskap utveckla en modell som förenklar valet av lämplig elektrisk motor för ett givet fall av kraftuttag. Modellen testas med en effekt på 60 kW vilket resulterade i att en lågvarvig axial flux BLDC-motor anses bäst lämpad. Detta då en lågvarvig elektrisk motor kräver lägre utväxling för att uppfylla krävt vridmoment, vilket ger en lägre totalvikt. Totalvikt för testad effekt hamnar på 78,6 kg, vilket är tre gånger det funktionella kravet. Studien ger en indikation på att det med givna krav enbart är försvarbart att driva kraftuttag med separata elektriska motorer vid låga effekter, runt 10 kW. / In a time characterized by an endeavor for a more sustainable society. With formulated long-term climate targets for renewable energy sources and reduced emissions, vehicle developers are working to develop alternatives to internal combustion engines. In order to achieve set climate targets and at the same time improve the working environment with reduced noise, an electric driveline is considered a likely alternative. For heavy vehicles such as trucks that are often equipped with auxiliary accessories such as cranes, tipper trucks or cement rotators are dependent on a power take-off to drive hydraulic pumps and generators. When switching to an electric driveline, it is no longer certain that the possibility remains to take power from the driveline. This has led to a demand for electrically driven power take-offs on the market. The purpose of this study is to investigate and gain an understanding of the power range and type of electric motor that is best suited to drive a power take-off separately. The goal is to use this knowledge to develop a model that simplifies the choice of a suitable electric motor for a given case of power take-off. The model is tested with an output of 60 kW, which resulted in a low-speed axial flux BLDC-motor being considered best suited. This is because a low-speed electrical motor requires a lower gear ratio to meet the required torque, which gives a lower total weight. The total weight for the tested effect ends up at 78,8 kg, which is three times the functional requirement. The study gives an indication that with given requirements it is only justified to operate power take-offs with separate electric motors at low powers, around 10 kW.

MP3與P2P的出現，打破過去唱片業者壟斷市場及通路的遊戲規則。面對網路盜版的猖獗，不只全球主要的音樂唱片公司，嘗試從法律面及技術面去尋求解決之道，對於未來的發展方向，許多廠商及也都在努力思考，如何經由科技應用、創新經營模式以搶得市場之先機。 自蘋果電腦力邀五大唱片商合作、率先揭櫫數位音樂大旗以來，其以線上音樂商店結合iTunes軟體及iPod數位音樂播放器的經營模式，可能就是管理、法律、科技相互配合，共同捍衛智財權的最佳範例。 本論文由音樂播放軟體系統競爭的角度切入，針對線上音樂廠商，面臨系統產品的標準競爭、網路外部性、產品相容性、互補性資產等議題，所採取的各項策略進行全面性探討，其中包括平台標準的建立與選擇、系統採開放或封閉模式、廠商最適垂直整合度等決策。 本研究除了從智慧財產管理、資訊產品特性、系統平台面看線上音樂產業之發展，也探討數位版權技術的應用、經營模式的改變、法律規範的嚇阻，如何克服網路盜版音樂猖獗的問題，更試圖整理目前線上音樂業者之經營模式、蘋果電腦領先之道以供後續廠商參考，並提出新的經營模式、網路經營觀念等促進線上音樂蓬勃發展之建議。

隨著網路普及而興起， MP3音樂檔案格式在1999年入選美國時代雜誌TIME 所公佈十大最佳網路科技。而MP3這項殺手級科技（Killer Application）更強力促進了線上音樂的盛行，尤其是自蘋果電腦聯合五大唱片商合作誕生出iTunes這種革命性的音樂經營模式出現後，合法授權線上音樂這塊市場更是呈現出爆發性的快速成長局面。 反觀台灣本地合法授權的線上音樂市場是呈現出滯留不前的局面。因這幾年唱片盜版問題遲遲不能解決，加上經濟環境之劇烈變化，除了造成台灣唱片市場在世界排名上的滑落，更造成後來國內幾家稍具知名度的線上音樂網站接連因服務與營運上的問題出現關閉的局面。而能夠存活下來的線上音樂業者如KKBOX在經營服務上相較於歐美多重選擇的線上音樂服務與內容，仍有許多待改進之處。 本研究希望嘗試探究現在既有的線上音樂網路商店之經營模式，分析各大業者在經營模式上的優缺，再針對台灣的特殊市場情況加以討論。期望本研究在最後所提出的經營策略建議能減低盜版市場的猖獗，為台灣合法線上音樂帶來經營新氣象，促進線上音樂產業蓬勃發展。