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This diploma thesis deals with the topic of possible family support after the birth of a child with a disability. The work is divided into theoretical and practical part. In the theoretical part, a literary search was created, based on Czech and foreign professional literature. In the practical part, the research questions were evaluated within the created questionnaire, intended for families of children with disabilities, conclusions and recommendations for practice were formulated. KEYWORDS child with disability, support, care, family

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本稿は、「会員制」「有償ボランティア」による「支え合い」活動であるファミリー・サポート・センター事業が果たしてきた役割を振り返るとともに、今後の政策展開の方向性について考察している。そして、ファミリー・サポート・センター事業のマクロ、メゾ、ミクロの機能について検討を行った結果、政策当局により外発的に要請される便宜的な「ニーズ対応的」展開に流されることなく、方向性の焦点を「地域支え合い的」機能に向けていくべきであるというのが、本稿の結論である。 / The thesis historically traces the functions of family support center activities, which are characterized as mutual support by stipended volunteering operated on a membership system, and discusses the future policy development.After examining micro, mezzo and macro functions of family support centers, it concludes that family support centers should not cater to expedient needs oriented development extrinsically urged by policy makers but they should direct their focus on mutual support functions in the community. / 博士(政策科学) / Doctor of Philosophy in Policy and Management / 同志社大学 / Doshisha University

The prevalence of mental health disorders among the nursing home population is well recognized. However, providing adequate mental health services for nursing home residents who need them remains a challenging endeavor. The social support of family has long been recognized as a key resource for older adults with a mental health history and older adults residing in nursing homes. The purpose of this study is to examine the quality of mental health care provided for nursing home residents with a mental health history and to determine if family support influences the quality of their mental health care accounting for other facility resident and facility organizational characteristics. The study utilized a retrospective, cross-sectional design with 2003 national Online Survey Certification and Reporting (OSCAR) facility data merged with the resident-level Minimum Data Set (MDS) resulting in N=2,499 nursing homes. Guided by the convoy model of social support and socioemotional selectivity theory, descriptive statistics and exploratory factor analysis were used to create a profile of facility level data of nursing home residents with a mental health history, explore the role of family support, and determine if items within the OSCAR and MDS databases could respectively be used to measure mental health care quality and family support. Overall, it was found that families have a positive relationship with their relatives and are involved in their lives. Additionally, items within the OSCAR and MDS databases could be used to measure mental health care quality and family support. Finally, facility organizational characteristics explained more variation in the quality of mental health care than did facility resident, family support, or market characteristics. In sum, to enhance the quality of mental health care in nursing homes, partnering with families may be an important tool to meet resident needs.

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Second-generation immigrants are increasingly embracing their biculturalism, equally identifying as American and "other" (Yazykova & McLeigh, 2015). While this allows for ethnic diversity as well as other social and linguistic advantages, the internalization of two different cultures has been linked to causing tensions related to identity development and mental health (Huynh et al., 2018; Ceri et al., 2017; Ritsner & Ponizovsky, 1999). Previous research has shown a link between parental support and an individual's acculturation and psychological well-being (Pawliuk et al., 1996; Abad & Sheldon, 2008). This study seeks to further examine the influence of family on the bicultural identity integration and psychological distress in second-generation immigrants. Researchers recruited 39 participants to explore the relationship of family life satisfaction, family social support, bicultural harmony and blendedness, and self-reported symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. A bivariate correlation analysis showed that satisfaction with family life was negatively associated with depression, stress, and overall psychological distress. In addition, perceived social support from family appeared to have a positive relationship to higher scores of depression. Researchers also found that bicultural identity integration had a negative relationship with anxiety, stress, and overall psychological distress.

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Family support programs serve vulnerable families by providing various forms of support, such as education, health services, financial assistance, and referrals to community resources. A major feature of evaluation involves assessing program effectiveness and learning from evaluation findings (Mertens and Wilson, 2012). Collaboration and cultural responsiveness are important topics in evaluation which remain largely distinct in the literature. However, evaluation capacity building provides a context for exploring possible intersections. Data about seven programs were collected via semi-structured interviews and document analysis. This study revealed that the program leaders feel that their programs are unique, complex, and misunderstood. The findings also suggest that program leaders believe that evaluation is important for program improvement and funding. Although participants did not anticipate evaluation capacity building and did not readily express a desire to develop their own evaluation skills, participants from all seven programs enthusiastically expressed interest in evaluation capacity building once explained. Although participants did not discuss cultural responsiveness as it relates to race, they expressed a need to overcome a community culture of reluctance to participate in programs and aversion to educational pursuits. Given the programs' shared population of interest, similar outcomes, and common challenges, evaluation capacity building in a group setting may give Roanoke family support program leaders the evaluation knowledge, skills, and peer support to engage in program evaluation that is both collaborative and culturally responsive. / Master of Science in Life Sciences

Hjärtstopp uppstår när hjärtaktiviteten plötsligt upphör och kroppens olika organsystem  inte längre försörjs med blod. Om inte hjärt- och lungräddning samt andra åtgärder vidtas omedelbart kan detta tillstånd leda till plötslig död. I Sverige drabbas cirka 10 000 individer av hjärtstopp utanför sjukhus varje år, ungefär en av tio överlever. Tack vare “överlevnads kedjan” har antalet överlevande ökat. Sjuksköterskan kommer möta dessa patienter i olika vårdenheter, därför är det av betydelse att hen etablerar ett personcentrerat förhållningssätt i bemötandet eftersom hjärtstoppöverlevande uppvisar både fysiska och psykiska besvär till följd av hjärtstoppet som behöver uppmärksammas. Syftet med studien är att sammanställa och beskriva evidens om patienters upplevelser av att överleva ett hjärtstopp utanför sjukhus. Val av metod är en litteraturöversikt som grundar sig i elva studier av empirisk forskning med både kvalitativ och kvantitativ studiedesign. Resultatet genererade tre huvudteman och nio subteman. Slutsatsen är att hjärtstoppet upplevs som en traumatiserande och omvälvande händelse för den drabbade individen, eftersom den orsakar långvariga fysiska och psykiska funktionsnedsättningar. Den drabbade står inför existentiella utmaningar som ger upphov till psykiska besvär såsom ångest, depression och posttraumatisk stressyndrom. Hjärtstoppspatienter uttryckte att omställningen till vardagslivet var påfrestande på grund av informationsbrist som skulle ha hjälpt de att bättre förstå och hantera sina symtom. De efterfrågade en bättre individanpassad vård och uppföljning som tar större hänsyn till deras psykiska lidande eftersom detta kan bidra till snabbare återhämtning. Sjuksköterskan kan genom en personcentrerad vård uppenbara patientens behov och i samverkan med denne och sin närstående finna strategier som underlättar återhämtningen och ökar välbefinnandet. / Cardiac arrest occurs when the heart's activity suddenly stops, and the body's various organ systems are no longer supplied with blood. If cardiopulmonary resuscitation and other measures are not taken immediately, this condition can lead to sudden death. In Sweden, approximately 10,000 individuals suffer cardiac arrest outside of a hospital each year, approximately one in ten survives. Thanks to the "chain of survival", the number of survivors has increased. The nurse will meet these patients in different care units, therefore it is imperative that they establish a person-centered approach in the treatment because cardiac arrest survivors exhibit both physical and psychological problems as a result of the cardiac arrest that needs attention. The aim of the study is to compile and describe evidence about patient’s experiences of surviving a cardiac arrest outside a hospital. Choice of method is a literature review based on eleven studies of empirical research with both qualitative and quantitative study design. The results generated three main themes and nine subthemes. The conclusion is that cardiac arrest is experienced as a traumatizing and upheaval event by the affected individual, as it causes long-term physical and mental impairments. The sufferer faces existential challenges that give rise to psychological problems such as anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Cardiac arrest patients expressed that the transition to everyday life was stressful due to a lack of information that would have helped them better understand and manage their symptoms. They requested better individualized care and follow-up that takes greater account of their mental suffering because this can contribute to faster recovery. Through person-centred care, the nurse can identify the patient's needs and, in collaboration with the patient and their loved ones, find strategies that facilitate recovery and increase their well-being.