Lesbian, gay, bisexual & transgender young people face a landscape of prejudice and intolerance when first coming to terms with their identities. In these moments of confusion, they often turn to their parents for support, yet parents often lack the information and resources necessary to support their LGBT child. The outcomes project interviews LGBT people about their "coming out" experience, and presents their video interviews a multi-platform website. The interviews appear alongside written accounts that highlight common themes encountered in research. The website also links to well-sourced resources for parents coming to terms with a child's disclosure. By telling these stories in a context that encourages an empathetic response, The outcomes project aims to give parents the information and understanding they need to support their LGBT child. / text

Base teórica: A qualidade de vida é uma variável amplamente estudada nas ciências da saúde e tem se tornado, cada vez mais, um indicativo importante na avaliação dos estados e desfechos de saúde. As doenças crônicas se caracterizam por curso prolongado, por vezes acompanhando o portador por toda sua vida, o que pode influenciar a percepção que o indivíduo tem de si mesmo e de sua vida. A Neurofibromatose tipo 1 (NF1) é uma doença crônica, genética, que atinge cerca de 1:3500 nascimentos. Além de ser uma doença que acarreta uma maior predisposição ao desenvolvimento de tumores, a NF1 possui sintomas físicos de fácil identificação. Objetivo: O presente estudo visa estudar a qualidade de vida e algumas variáveis emocionais de pessoas com neurofibromatose tipo 1. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal. Foram avaliadas as variáveis de qualidade de vida genérica (WHOQOL-bref e SF-36), qualidade de vida específica para pessoas com problemas de pele (DLQI-bra), sintomas depressivos (BDI), sintomas de ansiedade(BAI), percepção de suporte familiar (IPSF) e estratégias de enfrentamento (Inventário de Estratégias de Coping de Folkman e Lazarus). Os participantes deste estudo também foram avaliados quanto à gravidade (Escala de Riccardi) e visibilidade dos sintomas da doença (Ablon). Resultados: Foram coletados dados de 71 pacientes adultos com NF1. Do total 60,0% da amostra foram pessoas do sexo feminino, a média de idade foi de ± 40,36 anos. Dos 52 pacientes avaliados pela escala de Riccardi, 11,3% apresentou gravidade leve, 40,4% gravidade moderada, 42% sintomas graves de gravidade e 6,5% sintomas muito graves da doença. Com relação a visibilidade dos sintomas medidos pela escala de Ablon, 36,5% apresentam visibilidade leve de sintomas, 30,8% visibilidade moderada e 32.7% visibilidade severa dos sintomas. Conclusão: Os resultados da avaliação de qualidade de vida de pessoas com NF1, ao serem comparados com os dados normativos para amostra, não apresentou diferença estatisticamente significativa. A análise dos sintomas depressivos indicou que grande parte dos entrevistados apresentam sintomas leves de depressão e os dados da escala BAI referente aos sintomas de ansiedade constatou que a média dos entrevistados apresentam sintomas graves de ansiedade, podendo sugerir que a ansiedade seja uma característica importante dessa população. As estratégias de enfrentamento mais utilizadas por esta população foram a reavaliação e o suporte social. Com relação aos resultados da percepção de suporte familiar, podemos perceber que os dados da amostra não apresentaram diferença significativa ao serem comparados com os dados normativos da escala. / Theoretical basis: Quality of life is an important studied variable in health sciences and has become an important indicator in assessing states and health outcome. Chronic diseases are characterized by a prolonged course, sometimes accompanying the carrier all his life, which can influence the perception that the individual has of himself and of his life. The neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a chronic and genetics condition that affects about 1: 3500 births. Besides being a disease that leads to a greater predisposition to develop tumors, NF1 has physical symptoms of easy identification. Objective: This project aims to study the quality of life and emotional variables of people with neurofibromatosis type 1. Method: This is an observational study. The overall quality of life variables were evaluated (WHOQOL-bref and SF-36), specific quality of life for people with skin problems (DLQI-bra), depressive symptoms (BDI), anxiety symptoms (BAI), perception of family supports (IPSF) and coping strategies (coping strategies Inventory of Folkman and Lazarus). The participants were also evaluated for the severity (Riccardi Scale) and visibility of disease symptoms (Ablon). Results: Were collected data from 71 adults patients with NF1. From all sample 60% were female. The mean age was ± 40.36 years . Of the 52 patients evaluated for Riccardi scale , 11.3 % had mild severity , 40.4 % moderate severity , 42% Severity of symptoms and 6.5 % symptoms very severe. The data of the visibility of the symptoms were measure by Ablon scale , 36.5 % have mild symptoms visibility , 30.8 % moderate and 32.7 % severe visibility of symptoms. Conclusion: The results of the quality of life of people with NF1, when compared with the normative data for sample, indicate no statistically significant difference. The analysis of depressive symptoms indicated that the majority of respondents have mild symptoms of depression and the BAI scale data related to symptoms of anxiety found that the average of respondents have severe anxiety symptoms and may suggest that anxiety can be an important feature of this population. Coping strategies most used by this population were the re-evaluation and social support. Regarding the results of the perception of family support, we can see that the sample data showed no significant difference when compared with the normative data range.

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Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2016-06-01T12:45:54Z (GMT) / Submitted by ANDREIA BARBOSA DE LIMA null (deiablima@hotmail.com) on 2016-06-01T13:06:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Defesa Andréia.pdf: 1654449 bytes, checksum: d9d4103fa5b658e22b8e4ae88ea17897 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-06-01T13:34:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 lima_ab_me_bauru.pdf: 1654449 bytes, checksum: d9d4103fa5b658e22b8e4ae88ea17897 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-01T13:34:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 lima_ab_me_bauru.pdf: 1654449 bytes, checksum: d9d4103fa5b658e22b8e4ae88ea17897 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-10 / As doenças crônicas na atualidade têm recebido atenção especial das organizações que tratam da saúde. Essas doenças repercutem de diversas maneiras no cotidiano do indivíduo, envolvendo seus aspectos físico, psicológico e social. Uma das doenças crônicas que está incidindo de forma negativa na vida do sujeito é a Doença Renal Crônica (DRC), a qual se refere à alteração na função do rim, de modo que, quando avançada leva o paciente a iniciar a Terapia Renal Substitutiva (TRS). Os dois métodos de TRS são a hemodiálise (HD) e a diálise peritoneal (DP), o primeiro é realizado em ambiente ambulatorial e o segundo em domicílio. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste estudo foi relacionar a presença de estresse e depressão considerando a percepção de suporte familiar em pacientes em diálise peritoneal e hemodiálise, associada a dados demográficos. Participaram da pesquisa 77 sujeitos que realizam TRS, esses foram divididos em dois grupos, 47 pacientes que realizam HD ambulatorial e 30 pacientes em DP domiciliar de dois centros de diálise. Os instrumentos foram Questionário Sociodemográfico, Inventário de Sintomas de Stress para Adultos de Lipp (ISSL), Inventário de Percepção de Suporte Familiar (IPSF) e Escala Baptista de Depressão (EBADEP-Hosp-Amb). A análise dos dados foi realizada pelos testes Mann Whitney e Kruskal Wallis. Os resultados desse estudo apontaram que os pacientes em DP apresentam maior sintomatologia de estresse do que os que realizam HD, no que se refere à sintomatologia de depressão, os dois grupos apresentaram baixa sintomatologia, e em relação a percepção do suporte familiar, os pacientes em DP mantiveram a classificação Alta e os em HD Médio-Alto. No que tange aos cruzamentos dos dados com os sociodemográficos, houve ocorrência de significância estatística para o grupo de HD em relação ao gênero, estado civil, satisfação com a religião, suporte religioso e tempo de tratamento. Os achados referentes ao grupo de DP contrariaram a hipótese, apresentando maior frequência de estresse comparado aos pacientes que realizam HD. Este trabalho apresentou algumas limitações como o número de pacientes e possibilidade de comparação com outros estudos com a mesma amostra e instrumentos utilizados. No entanto, sua relevância na área da Psicologia e interface com outras áreas da saúde pode ser a semente para outros projetos a fim de minimizarem a dor pela qual tantos pacientes estão expostos diante da doença e tratamento. / Chronic diseases nowadays are receiving special attention from the health organizations. These diseases reverberate in different ways in the daily life of the individual, involving its physical, psychological and social aspects. One of the chronic diseases that is incurring in a negative way on the person’s life is the Chronic Kidney Disease (DRC), which refers to the kidney’s function alteration, in such way that, when advanced, it takes the patient to start Kidney Replacement Therapy (TRS). The two TRS methods are hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (DP); the first is done in an ambulatory ambient and the second at home. In these terms, the purpose of this study was to relate the presence of stress and depression considering the perception of family support in patients in peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis, associated to demographic data. 77 people who passed through TRS were part of this research, those were divided in two groups, 47 patients who did ambulatory HD and 30 patients who did DP at home from two dialysis center. The instruments were the Sociodemographic Questionnaire, Lipp's Inventory of Symptoms of Stress for Adults (ISSL), Perception of Family Support Inventory (IPSF) and Baptista's Depression Scale (EBADEP-Hosp-Amb). This study’s results pointed the patients in DP presented bigger symptomatology of stress than the ones in HD. In the matter of depression’s symptomatology, both groups presented low symptomatology, and in relation to the family’s support perception, the patients in DP maintained a High classification and the ones in HD, Medium-High. Concerning the crossing of the data with the Sociodemographics, there was an occurrence of statistical significance for the group in HD in regarding the genre, marital status, fulfillment with religion, religious support and time of treatment. What was found in relation to the group in DP contradicted the hypothesis, presenting more frequency of stress compared to the patients in HD. This study presented some limitations such as the number of patients and possibility of comparison to other studies with the same sample and instruments used. However, its importance on the Psychology field and interface with other health areas can be a seed for other projects in order to minimize the pain to which so many patients are exposed before the disease and treatment.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T13:16:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1379151 bytes, checksum: f483606bdf060bfbd82d06c514e47874 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-18 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Crime and urban violence, committed by adolescents have reached high levels of intensity and frequency, in recent years requiring a deep analysis of their causes which are characterized in common sense as complex and multifaceted, revealing problems of psychological, relational, political, social and economic orders. These difficulties require studies in order to formulate scientific understanding for their prevention and / or intervention. Based on those principles, the general objective of this thesis was to identify the social representations of institutionalized adolescents in conflict with the law, and not institutionalized adolescents who are not in conflict with the law, concerning adolescence, violence, future, as well as, the measurement of resilience, basic values and family support issues. This research was developed according to the theoretical Moscovician s social representations SR, and other theories that support the studies of resilience, human values and family support. It was a field study, characterized by a multimethod approach, which used a qualitative and quantitative methodology. The locus of research counted on a ressocialized institution referred to as deprivation of liberty (104 adolescents) and public schools (104 adolescents) located in the suburbs of João Pessoa, totaling 208 participants. Five instruments were used: Sociodemographic Questionnaire, Technique of Free Association of Words (TFAW) in which the obtained data were processed by software Tri- Deux-Mots (version 2.2), the Resilience Scale developed by Wagnild and Young (RS), the Basic Values Questionnaire developed by Gouveia (BVQ) and the Family Support Perception Inventory (FSPI). The data of these last three were processed by the software SPPS (version 15). The results of the Sociodemographic Questionnaire revealed that delinquent adolescents are deprived of their liberty for committing robbery, murder and drug trafficking. These adolescents have lower education compared to the group of non delinquent adolescents, having various types of family arrangements. The results of TFAW objectified representations of adolescence (stimulus 1) entertainment, gaming and dating; those terms are similar for both groups. of adolescents; violence (stimulus 2), the adolescents represented differently, compared to non delinquent group, anchoring it in social representations of economic and political orders, and the delinquent adolescents represented with objective expressions of violence such as killing, stealing, hitting, the future (stimulus 3) objectified representations of life changes for both groups of adolescents. The RS, the BVQ and the FSPI showed that delinquent adolescents are less resilient, have less family support and their human values are guided to the experimentation, existence, normative and supra-personal, compared to the non delinquent adolescents who are more resilient, have more family support, their human values are more oriented to achievement and social interaction. Based on the findings the parameters of family support, resilience and human values must be understood as strengthening psychosocial factors, which may be constructed in the families, in the ressocialized educational institutions and in the community. / A criminalidade e a violência urbana, praticada por adolescentes, têm atingido índices elevados, tanto de intensidade, quanto de frequência, nos últimos anos, exigindo uma análise profunda de suas causas, a qual sabe, no senso comum, que são complexas e multifacetadas, retratando, atualmente, um problema psíquico, relacional, político, social, econômico, que precisa ser estudado, para que se possam formular proposições científicas de prevenção e/ou intervenção. Nesse sentido, o objetivo geral da presente tese foi identificar as representações sociais dos adolescentes institucionalizados, em conflito com a lei; e não institucionalizados, e sem conflito com a lei, acerca da adolescência, violência, futuro, bem como a mensuração da resiliência, valores básicos e suporte familiar desses mesmos jovens. Para o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa foi utilizado o aporte teórico Moscoviciano das representações sociais RS, acompanhado das teorias que subsidiam os estudos da resiliência, valores humanos e suporte familiar. Tratou-se de um estudo de campo, inserido, em uma abordagem multimétodo, que utilizou uma metodologia qualitativa e quantitativa. O lócus de investigação situou-se numa instituição ressocializadora de privação de liberdade (104 adolescentes), e escolas da rede pública (104 adolescentes) de bairros da periferia da cidade de João Pessoa-PB, totalizando 208 participantes. Foram utilizados cinco instrumentos: Questionário Sociodemográfico, a Técnica de Associação Livre de Palavras (TALP), cujos dados foram tratados pelo software Tri-Deux-Mots (versão 2.2); a Escala de Resiliência de Wagnild e Young (ERES), o Questionário dos Valores Básicos (QVB) e o Inventário de Percepção de Suporte Familiar (IPSF). Os dados desses três últimos foram tratados pelo software SPPS (versão 15). Os resultados do Questionário Sociodemográfico demonstraram que os adolescentes delinquentes estão privados de liberdade, por cometerem atos infracionais de assalto, homicídio e tráfico de drogas; apresentam escolaridade inferior ao grupo dos não delinquentes e possuem vários tipos de arranjos familiares. Os resultados da TALP objetivaram representações sociais da adolescência (estímulo 1) em diversão, jogos e namoros similares para os dois grupos de adolescentes; a violência (estímulo 2), os adolescentes representaram, diferentemente, com os adolescentes não delinquentes, ancorando em representações sociais, econômicas e políticas, e os adolescentes delinquentes representando com expressões objetivas da violência, como matar, roubar, bater; o futuro (estímulo 3) objetivaram representações de mudanças de vida para ambos os adolescentes. A ERES, o QVB e o IPSF apontaram que os adolescentes delinquentes são menos resilientes, possuem menos suporte familiar e predominam valores humanos de experimentação, existência, suprapessoal e normativo, em relação aos adolescentes não delinquentes, que são mais resilientes, possuem maior suporte familiar e valores humanos mais orientados para a realização e interação social. Em suma, verificou-se que os parâmetros de suporte familiar, valores humanos e resiliência sejam entendidos como fatores de fortalecimento psicossocial, passíveis de serem construídos, nas famílias, instituições ressocializadoras e escolares e na comunidade.

Base teórica: A qualidade de vida é uma variável amplamente estudada nas ciências da saúde e tem se tornado, cada vez mais, um indicativo importante na avaliação dos estados e desfechos de saúde. As doenças crônicas se caracterizam por curso prolongado, por vezes acompanhando o portador por toda sua vida, o que pode influenciar a percepção que o indivíduo tem de si mesmo e de sua vida. A Neurofibromatose tipo 1 (NF1) é uma doença crônica, genética, que atinge cerca de 1:3500 nascimentos. Além de ser uma doença que acarreta uma maior predisposição ao desenvolvimento de tumores, a NF1 possui sintomas físicos de fácil identificação. Objetivo: O presente estudo visa estudar a qualidade de vida e algumas variáveis emocionais de pessoas com neurofibromatose tipo 1. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal. Foram avaliadas as variáveis de qualidade de vida genérica (WHOQOL-bref e SF-36), qualidade de vida específica para pessoas com problemas de pele (DLQI-bra), sintomas depressivos (BDI), sintomas de ansiedade(BAI), percepção de suporte familiar (IPSF) e estratégias de enfrentamento (Inventário de Estratégias de Coping de Folkman e Lazarus). Os participantes deste estudo também foram avaliados quanto à gravidade (Escala de Riccardi) e visibilidade dos sintomas da doença (Ablon). Resultados: Foram coletados dados de 71 pacientes adultos com NF1. Do total 60,0% da amostra foram pessoas do sexo feminino, a média de idade foi de ± 40,36 anos. Dos 52 pacientes avaliados pela escala de Riccardi, 11,3% apresentou gravidade leve, 40,4% gravidade moderada, 42% sintomas graves de gravidade e 6,5% sintomas muito graves da doença. Com relação a visibilidade dos sintomas medidos pela escala de Ablon, 36,5% apresentam visibilidade leve de sintomas, 30,8% visibilidade moderada e 32.7% visibilidade severa dos sintomas. Conclusão: Os resultados da avaliação de qualidade de vida de pessoas com NF1, ao serem comparados com os dados normativos para amostra, não apresentou diferença estatisticamente significativa. A análise dos sintomas depressivos indicou que grande parte dos entrevistados apresentam sintomas leves de depressão e os dados da escala BAI referente aos sintomas de ansiedade constatou que a média dos entrevistados apresentam sintomas graves de ansiedade, podendo sugerir que a ansiedade seja uma característica importante dessa população. As estratégias de enfrentamento mais utilizadas por esta população foram a reavaliação e o suporte social. Com relação aos resultados da percepção de suporte familiar, podemos perceber que os dados da amostra não apresentaram diferença significativa ao serem comparados com os dados normativos da escala. / Theoretical basis: Quality of life is an important studied variable in health sciences and has become an important indicator in assessing states and health outcome. Chronic diseases are characterized by a prolonged course, sometimes accompanying the carrier all his life, which can influence the perception that the individual has of himself and of his life. The neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a chronic and genetics condition that affects about 1: 3500 births. Besides being a disease that leads to a greater predisposition to develop tumors, NF1 has physical symptoms of easy identification. Objective: This project aims to study the quality of life and emotional variables of people with neurofibromatosis type 1. Method: This is an observational study. The overall quality of life variables were evaluated (WHOQOL-bref and SF-36), specific quality of life for people with skin problems (DLQI-bra), depressive symptoms (BDI), anxiety symptoms (BAI), perception of family supports (IPSF) and coping strategies (coping strategies Inventory of Folkman and Lazarus). The participants were also evaluated for the severity (Riccardi Scale) and visibility of disease symptoms (Ablon). Results: Were collected data from 71 adults patients with NF1. From all sample 60% were female. The mean age was ± 40.36 years . Of the 52 patients evaluated for Riccardi scale , 11.3 % had mild severity , 40.4 % moderate severity , 42% Severity of symptoms and 6.5 % symptoms very severe. The data of the visibility of the symptoms were measure by Ablon scale , 36.5 % have mild symptoms visibility , 30.8 % moderate and 32.7 % severe visibility of symptoms. Conclusion: The results of the quality of life of people with NF1, when compared with the normative data for sample, indicate no statistically significant difference. The analysis of depressive symptoms indicated that the majority of respondents have mild symptoms of depression and the BAI scale data related to symptoms of anxiety found that the average of respondents have severe anxiety symptoms and may suggest that anxiety can be an important feature of this population. Coping strategies most used by this population were the re-evaluation and social support. Regarding the results of the perception of family support, we can see that the sample data showed no significant difference when compared with the normative data range.

This thesis analyzes the development and current form of family policy in the Czech Republic and Great Britain. With respect to the different attitude of the two policies, support for families is compared on several levels in order to determine which of these two countries provides families a better and more generous support. It was found out, that the ratio of spending relative to gross domestic product and total social spending in the UK is higher than in the Czech Republic, as well as some amount of support. On the other hand, Czech Republic, for example, provides much greater support in the period after childbirth, which may not be in all respects completely positive. This is one of the parts where possible improvements were suggested using the model of the support system in the UK.

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Bakgrund: Utökade hembesöksprogram inom barnhälsovården är en relativt ny metod i Sverige som har som syfte att främja relationen mellan föräldrar och barn. Förhoppningen är även att relationen till barnhälsovårdssjuksköterska och familjestödjare stärks vilket underlättar att kontakt tas när familjen behöver det. Målet är att kunna ge det stöd som behövs till familjer vilket i sin tur påverkar barnen positivt. Det är angeläget att studera föräldrars erfarenheter av utökade hembesöksprogram för att få den kunskap som behövs för att utveckla dessa program. Syfte: Att beskriva föräldrars erfarenheter av deltagande i ett utökat hembesöksprogram på en barnhälsovårdscentral i Sverige. Metod: Metoden som användes i denna studie var kvalitativ metod med induktiv ansats. Datainsamlingen skedde genom 14 kvalitativa intervjuer med totalt 17 föräldrar som hade deltagit i utökade hembesök i projektet Tillsammans för barnen. Intervjuerna analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Resultatet visade att det utökade hembesöksprogrammet ledde till en tryggare start som förälder. Föräldrarna tyckte att de utökade hembesöken underlättade deras tillvaro, både genom att det var praktiskt att slippa åka iväg och genom att de var lugnare än besök på barnhälsovårdscentralen. Föräldrarna kände sig mer avslappnade och trygga i sin hemmiljö och upplevde att barnen kände detsamma. Föräldrarna tyckte att det var lättare att prata med barnhälsovårdssjuksköterskan och familjestödjaren när de var i sitt eget hem och vågade öppna sig mer kring sina känslor och tankar. Relationen till barnhälsovårdssjuksköterskan och till familjestödjaren upplevdes bli starkare. Föräldrarnas kunskap kring såväl barns utveckling och hälsa som barnhälsovårdens och socialtjänstens uppdrag upplevdes öka. Föräldrarnas helhetsbild av det utökade hembesöksprogrammet var positiv och många uttryckte att de önskade att utökade hembesök skulle bli standard. Slutsats: Utökade hembesöksprogram kan främja föräldrarnas relationer med sina barn och stärka relationen till barnhälsovårdssjuksköterska och familjestödjare. Hembesöken upplevdes ge ökad kunskap hos föräldrarna när det gäller barns hälsa och utveckling. De kunde också bidra till ökad kunskap om barnhälsovården och socialtjänsten. För föräldrar som var nyinflyttade i landet kunde hembesöken bidra till en ökad förståelse för det nya samhället de nu är en del av. / Background: In Sweden extended home visits are a relatively new method within the child health care with the purpose to strengthen the relationship between parent and child. The expectations are that the home visits also will strengthen the families' relationship with the child health care and the social services, thus ensuring contact is made by the parents when needed. The aim is to make sure the children and their families receive the support they need, which will have a positive impact on the children's wellbeing. Knowledge about parents' experiences of the extended home visits are vital to enable a development of the program to its fullest potential. Aim: To describe the experiences of parents who have participated in an extended homevisiting program within the child health care setting together with their children. Method: Qualitative method with an inductive approach. Interviews were analyzed with qualitative content analysis. 14 interviews were conducted with a total of 17 informants. Results: Extended home visits made the parents feel more secure. The parents thought that the extended home visits made their everyday life easier by not having to travel to the childhealth care center and that the home visits were calmer than visits to the child health carecenter. Parents felt more relaxed in their home environment and believed the same to be true for their children. The parents found it easier to talk to the child health care nurse and socialworker in their own home and to open up with regards to their feelings. The relationship with the child health care nurse and the social worker was perceived as strengthened. Parents felt that they had gained a deeper knowledge about not only the health and development of children but also about the work of the child health care and the social services. Conclusion: An extended home visiting program can strengthen the relationship between parent and child and give parents a greater sense of security in their parenthood. Home visits facilitates communication with child health care nurses and social workers and increases the parents' knowledge about a child's health and development. It can also give an increased insight in the roles of the child health care and the social services. For parents who are new to the country it can also give a deeper understanding of the society they are now a part of

Job centers aid businesses seeking qualified employees and assist job seekers to select and contact employment and training services. Job seekers are also offered the opportunity to assess their skills, abilities, qualifications, and readiness. Furthermore, job centers ensure that job seekers are complying with requirements that they must meet to benefit from job assistance programs such as unemployment insurance. Yet, claimants often procrastinate and/or suspend their job search efforts even though such actions can make them lose their free time and entitlements, and more importantly they may lose the opportunity to take advantage of free information, services, training, and financial assistance for getting a job to which they have already made a claim. The current work looks to Chatman's "small worlds" work, Johnson's comprehensive model of information seeking, and Wilson's "costly ignorance" construct for contributions to understanding such behavior. Identification of a particular trait or set of traits of job seekers during periods of unemployment will inform a new Job Seeking Activities Model (JSAM). This study purposely examines job seeker information behavior and the factors which influence job seekers' behavior, in particular, family tangible support as a social norm effect. A mixed method, using questionnaires for job hunting completers and non-completers and interviews for experts, was employed for data collection. Quantitative data analysis was conducted to provide the Cronbach α coefficient, Pearson's product moment correlation, an independent-sample t-test, effect size, and binary Logit regression. The qualitative data generated from the interview transcript for each section of the themes and subthemes were color coded. Finally, simultaneous triangulation was carried out to confirm or contradict the results from each method. The findings show that social norms, particularly uncontrolled social support provided by their families, are more likely to make job seekers ignore the relevant information about jobs available to them in favor of doing other things. Finally, this research presents a form of data and the development of a workable model that are useful in more clearly and better defining the complex world of job seekers.

Eating disorders (EDs) cause irreversible physical damage, including organ failure and death. Although EDs receive considerable attention, the number of affected young women who seek help remains low. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to understand the sociocultural and socioenvironmental factors influencing ED development from the perspective of young women, and to explore why the rate of EDs continues to rise in this population. The sociocultural model served as a guide for the study. Ten young women 18-24 years old from Southwest Ohio participated in in-depth, semi structured, face-to-face interviews. Data coding and analysis revealed recurring themes, with findings indicating that family relationships and social media were major factors influencing young women's perceptions of personal image and attractiveness. Participants described that social media's negative portrayal of beauty leads to internalization of the thin-ideal, leading to body dissatisfaction, with subsequent negative dieting behaviors that increase the risk for eating disorder development. Family relationships were described as the main source of positive support to neutralize these external negative forces by creating environments where these young women are accepted. A combination of media, availability of fast food, and society's portrayal of beauty, had significant influences on ED development by creating "constant internal struggles" on body image, good food choices and acceptance in society. The study impacts social change by adding new information for public health program developers and policy makers that may be used to introduce ED programs in local schools that will empower these young women to seek help without fear of stigma or alienation.