名古屋大学博士学位論文 学位の種類 : 博士(医学)(論文) 学位授与年月日:平成4年3月25日 井戸田仁氏の博士論文として提出された

<p>The purpose of this thesis is to develop a model to enhance the effectiveness of machining centers with multi-pallet automatic pallet changers (APCs). From critical literature review no existing theories within this field were found. The multi-pallet APC allows multi-setups and a more flexible sequencing of jobs. The model together with the developed heuristic scheduling algorithm with the objective to minimize the total weighted tardiness can be used to plan in n jobs on m pallets in a shop-floor. The right maintenance policy ensures a high availability, which together with the program guarantees a high level of utilization of the machinery. Consequently the effectiveness will be enhanced. A case study approach was used to test the model at Växjöfabriken in Sweden, which treats cast material. The results of this case study are a more effective utilization of the machines with decreased tardiness costs, increased customers’ satisfaction and goodwill of the company. The contribution of this thesis is a model with a flexible, adjustable and expandable heuristic scheduling algorithm, which can be applied in all manufacturing companies using machining centers with multi-pallet APCs.</p> / <p>Syftet med denna uppsats är att utveckla en modell för att förbättra effektiviteten av maskincentra med automatiska palletväxlare (APCs) för multi-palleter. När en kritisk litteratursökning genomfördes hittades inga relevanta teorier inom det aktuella området. Multi-pallet APC tillåter att många jobb kan förberedas samtidigt och gör planeringen av jobben mer flexibel. Modellen, tillsammans med den utvecklade heuristiska planeringsalgoritmen med målet att minimera den totala viktade förseningen, kan användas för att planera in n jobb med m palleter på ett verkstadsgolv. Rätt underhålls policy försäkrar en hög tillgänglighet vilket tillsammans med programmet garanterar en hög utnyttjandenivå av maskinerna. Som följd kommer effektiviteten att höjas. En fallstudie utfördes på Växjöfabriken i Sverige för att utvärdera modellen, på företaget efterbehandlas gjutgods. Resultatet från denna fallstudie blev ett effektivare utnyttjande av maskinerna, med minskade förseningskostnader, ökad kundtillfredställelse och goodwill för företaget. Denna uppsats bidrar med en modell och en flexibel, anpassningsbar och utvecklingsbar heuristisk planeringsalgoritm, vilken kan användas i alla industriföretag som använder maskincentra med multi-pallet APCs.</p>

Old-growth stands are important for management, conservation, wildlife, recreation, and maintaining biological diversity in forested landscapes. However, we are lacking the information needed to adequately identify and characterize old-growth stands. This is especially true for high elevation, interior forests. The characterization of stand structure and regeneration pattern will help in the development of site-specific guidelines for identifying old growth stands and restoring some of the old-growth characteristics in managed stands. This pamphlet presents a synopsis of a study investigating stand structure and regeneration of old-growth stands in the Moist Cold Engelmann Spruce - Subalpine Fir (ESSFmc) Subzone near Smithers, B.C. The three stands selected for the study were located on zonal sites, each in different watersheds, and the stands were established after fire. The criteria used for selection were: i) absence of lodgepole pine, ii) presence of advanced regeneration, and iii) abundant snags and coarse woody debris. These stands were presumed to represent the old-growth stage of stand development or the final (climax) stage of secondary succession.

The influence of tree species on forest soils has been the subject of study for at least a century. Of particular interest have been western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) and western redcedar (Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don) – two of the most common tree species in coastal and southern British Columbia, but each with a different nutrient amplitude. It has generally been found that acid, mycogeneous Mor humus forms develop in hemlock stands, while less acid and more zoogenous Mormoder, Moder, or even Mull humus forms develop in redcedar stands. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of hemlock and redcedar, growing separately and together, on forest floor nutrient properties. The questions addressed were: (1) does each stand type have unique forest floor nutrient properties? and (2) can any forest floor nutrient property discriminate between stand types?

L’incontinence urinaire d’effort (IUE) est une condition fréquente en période postnatale pouvant affecter jusqu’à 77% des femmes. Neuf femmes sur dix souffrant d’IUE trois mois après l’accouchement, vont présenter une IUE cinq ans plus tard. Le traitement en physiothérapie de l’IUE par le biais d’un programme d’exercices de renforcement des muscles du plancher pelvien est reconnu comme étant un traitement de première ligne efficace. Les études ont prouvé l’efficacité de cette approche sur l’IUE persistante à court terme, mais les résultats de deux ECR à long terme n’ont pas démontré un maintien de l’effet de traitement. L’effet d’un programme en physiothérapie de renforcement du plancher pelvien intensif et étroitement supervisé sur l’IUE postnatale persistante avait été évalué lors d’un essai clinique randomisé il y a sept ans. Le but principal de la présente étude était d’évaluer l’effet de ce programme sept ans après la fin des interventions de l’ECR initial. Un objectif secondaire était de comparer l’effet de traitement à long terme entre un groupe ayant fait seulement des exercices de renforcement du plancher pelvien et un groupe ayant fait des exercices de renforcement du plancher pelvien et des abdominaux profonds. Un troisième objectif était d’explorer l’influence de quatre facteurs de risques sur les symptômes d’IUE et la qualité de vie à long terme. Les cinquante-sept femmes ayant complétées l’ECR initial ont été invitées à participer à l’évaluation du suivi sept ans. Vingt et une femmes ont participé à l’évaluation clinique et ont répondu à quatre questionnaires, tandis que dix femmes ont répondu aux questionnaires seulement. L’évaluation clinique incluait un pad test et la dynamométrie du plancher pelvien. La mesure d’effet primaire était un pad test modifié de 20 minutes. Les mesures d’effets secondaires étaient la dynamométrie du plancher pelvien, les symptômes d’IUE mesuré par le questionnaire Urogenital Distress Inventory, la qualité de vie mesurée par le questionnaire Incontinence Impact Questionnaire et la perception de la sévérité de l’IUE mesuré par l’Échelle Visuelle Analogue. De plus, un questionnaire portant sur quatre facteurs de risques soit, la présence de grossesses subséquentes, la v présence de constipation chronique, l’indice de masse corporel et la fréquence des exercices de renforcement du plancher pelvien de l’IUE, venait compléter l’évaluation. Quarante-huit pour-cent (10/21) des participantes étaient continentes selon de pad test. La moyenne d’amélioration entre le résultat pré-traitement et le suivi sept ans était de 26,9 g. (écart-type = 68,0 g.). Il n’y avait pas de différence significative des paramètres musculaires du plancher pelvien entre le pré-traitement, le post-traitement et le suivi sept ans. Les scores du IIQ et du VAS étaient significativement plus bas à sept ans qu’en prétraitement (IIQ : 23,4 vs 15,6, p = 0,007) et (VAS : 6,7 vs 5,1, p = 0,001). Les scores du UDI étaient plus élevés au suivi sept ans (15,6) qu’en pré-traitement (11,3, p = 0,041) et en post-traitement (5,7, p = 0,00). La poursuite des exercices de renforcement du plancher pelvien à domicile était associée à une diminution de 5,7 g. (p = 0,051) des fuites d’urine observées au pad test selon une analyse de régression linéaire. Les limites de cette étude sont ; la taille réduite de l’échantillon et un biais relié au désir de traitement pour les femmes toujours incontinentes. Cependant, les résultats semblent démontrer que l’effet du traitement à long terme d’un programme de renforcement des muscles du plancher pelvien qui est intensif et étroitement supervisé, est maintenu chez environ une femme sur deux. Bien que les symptômes d’IUE tel que mesuré par les pad test et le questionnaire UDI, semblent réapparaître avec le temps, la qualité de vie, telle que mesurée par des questionnaires, est toujours meilleure après sept qu’à l’évaluation initiale. Puisque la poursuite des exercices de renforcement du plancher pelvien est associée à une diminution de la quantité de fuite d’urine au pad test, les participantes devraient être encouragées à poursuivre leurs exercices après la fin d’un programme supervisé. Pour des raisons de logistique la collecte de donnée de ce projet de recherche s’est continuée après la rédaction de ce mémoire. Les résultats finaux sont disponibles auprès de Chantale Dumoulin pht, PhD., professeure agrée à l’Université de Montréal. / Stress urinary incontinence is a common condition in the postpartum period affecting up to 77% of women. Nine women out of ten still suffering from SUI three months after giving birth will have symptoms of SUI five years later. Physiotherapy treatment via pelvic floor muscles strengthening exercises is recognized as an efficient first line of treatment for SUI. Although studies have shown good short term cure rates for persistent SUI, two long term follow-ups RCT’s have demonstrated that the effect was not maintained through time. The effect of an intensive and supervised physiotherapy pelvic floor strengthening program was evaluated in a previous randomized controlled trial (RCT) seven years ago. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of this program seven years after cessation of treatment. A secondary objective is to investigate the influence of four possible predictors of long term SUI symptoms and quality of life. The 57 women who completed the initial trial were contacted by telephone and invited to participate in a 7 year follow-up. Twenty-one participants underwent the clinical evaluation and answered four questionnaires while 10 participants answered only the questionnaires. The clinical evaluation included a provocative pad test and dynamometry of the pelvic floor muscles. The main outcome measure was the 20-minute modified pad test. Secondary outcomes were pelvic floor muscle strength measure by the Montreal dynamometer, symptoms of incontinence measured by the Urogenital Distress Inventory questionnaire, quality of life measured by the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire and the perceived burden of SUI measured by the Visual Analog Scale. The evaluation was completed by a questionnaire on four potential predictors of SUI: subsequent pregnancies, chronic constipation, body mass index and the frequency of pelvic floor muscle exercises. Forty-eight percent (10/21) of the participants were continent according to the pad test. The mean improvement between baseline and seven year follow-up was 26.9 g. (SD = vii 68.0g.). There was no statistically significant difference in pelvic floor muscle strength between baseline, after treatment and the follow-up (p = 0.74). The IIQ and VAS score were significantly lower at the seven year follow-up than at baseline (IIQ: 23.4 vs 15.6 , p = 0.007 and VAS: 6.7 vs 5.1, p = 0.001). The UDI scores were higher at follow-up (15.6) than baseline (11.3, p = 0.041) and after treatment (5.7, p = 0.00). Maintaining pelvic floor exercise at seven years after treatment had a strong trend towards a decrease of 5.7 g. for pad test results (p = 0.051). Limits of this study are the small sample size and the bias related to treatment seeking behavior amongst women who agreed to participate. Nevertheless, results seem to indicate that an intensive closely supervised pelvic floor training program is effective in the long run for one woman out of two. Although symptoms of SUI, as measured by the pad test and the UDI questionnaire, seem to reappear with time, quality of life is still better seven years after treatment than at baseline. Continuation of pelvic floor exercises seems to decrease the urine leakage upon exertion and thus should be encouraged even after cessation of intense training. For logistic reasons, the data collection for this research project continued after the writing of this thesis. Final results are available from Chantale Dumoulin pht, PhD, professor at the University of Montreal.

This thesis explored the impacts of forest harvesting on gaseous elemental mercury emissions from forest soils in both field and laboratory studies, through novel use of enriched mercury isotope tracers. Forest floor Hg emissions, sourced from legacy deposition, increased proportionally to the vegetation quantity removed, with biomass harvesting most exacerbating emissions. Contemporary Hg deposition did not appear to be influenced by harvesting. Some of the tracer was rapidly lost to the atmosphere (~8%), but most was sequestered within the soil. Two regimes facilitating Hg emissions were observed in low-light conditions. Under extremely dry conditions deeper Hg sources (&gt; 2cm depth) were as equally susceptible to emission as shallower sources. Following wetting to field capacity, emissions were elevated only from shallow sources, likely as a result of upward capillary transport. Impacts of vegetation removal and dry fluxes are previously uncharacterized and may constitute large additional sources to regional atmospheric Hg cycling.

This thesis explored the impacts of forest harvesting on gaseous elemental mercury emissions from forest soils in both field and laboratory studies, through novel use of enriched mercury isotope tracers. Forest floor Hg emissions, sourced from legacy deposition, increased proportionally to the vegetation quantity removed, with biomass harvesting most exacerbating emissions. Contemporary Hg deposition did not appear to be influenced by harvesting. Some of the tracer was rapidly lost to the atmosphere (~8%), but most was sequestered within the soil. Two regimes facilitating Hg emissions were observed in low-light conditions. Under extremely dry conditions deeper Hg sources (&gt; 2cm depth) were as equally susceptible to emission as shallower sources. Following wetting to field capacity, emissions were elevated only from shallow sources, likely as a result of upward capillary transport. Impacts of vegetation removal and dry fluxes are previously uncharacterized and may constitute large additional sources to regional atmospheric Hg cycling.

For almost 200 years the University College of Physical Education and Sports in Stockholm (former Royal Central Institute of Gymnastics; GCI later GIH; Stockholm College of Physical Education and Sports) has been educating PE teachers - and still does. In the very beginning and throughout the first 100 years, gymnastics was a major part of the studies at the institute, and also in ordinary schools. Early gymnastics were invented by Per Henrik Ling, the father of the Swedish Ling gymnastics, and later developed by his son, Hjalmar Ling. The part of the Ling system called pedagogical gymnastics, consisted of “daily gymnastic training exercises”, which showed how gymnastics should be taught and performed. The aim of this thesis is to follow and describe gymnastics as a subject and its development at the PE teacher-training programme at GCI/GIH. Special attention is placed on the movement part without apparatus (the floor exercise) for male and female students. The time period studied is 1944 to 1992. The thesis consists of two separate empirical studies, with a shared interview study of 12 former teacher educators participating in both studies. Besides the above-mentioned interviews, the methods used are document analyses and visual analyses. Triangulation is used in order to follow the changes of the subject’s content, figuration and representation. The first empirical study investigates the institution of gymnastics’- collective memory, its content and legitimacy. This is done by looking at what time was allotted to the subject in relation to other subjects, and also which concepts were used in relation to floor exercise. The interviews deal with the objectives of the subject and what kind of influences the former teacher educators came in contact with. From a semiotic approach, the second study deals with visual analyses of film sequences, with floor exercises performed by male and female students. (See enclosed CD). The film material comes from the Institute’s events. The content and composition of the film sequences are analysed, and the representation of the movements is interpreted by semiotic discourse analyses. The interview study deals with the former teacher educators’ pedagogical view of the formation of the gymnastics. The results show that in 1944 the subject gymnastics took approximately 40% of the total study time. In 1992 the time allocated for gymnastics has been reduced to approximately 9%. From the 1940s to the 1970s, two separate gymnastics discourses existed, one male and one female, expressed in the movement content and in the figuration of movements. The male discourse was maintained almost intact, without any changes. The female discourse, on the other hand, was continually changed and developed over the actual period of time, strongly influenced by rhythmic and dance. When coeducation was implemented in the late 1970s, a new culture of body movements was developed – which was unisex. Between 1949 and1970 in the film material, the masculine discourse was represented by the body image of a systematically trained and disciplined body, executing corrective gymnastics exercises, according to an instrumental way of looking at physical training. The smooth, healthy looking young body image of a woman, executing rhythmical aesthetical gymnastics, according to existing values, characterised the feminine discourse. There seems to have been aesthetics fostering rationality that ruled the female gymnastics. In 1985 the representation of the body image changed, and focus on the performance of the movements disappeared. The objectives of the subject have changed from the collective, corrective and/or aesthetical form of gymnastics to a gymnastic discourse where the attention of simplifying the movements, the individual and the social climate in the group are central. Finally, the findings show that four factors have influenced the changes and development of the subject and the teacher-training programme. Firstly, changes in society in terms of equality, gender roles and a changed role of the PE teacher. Secondly, the impact of the sport discourse outweighed the status of the gymnastics discourse and its legitimacy. The cultivating values, in terms of the aesthetical schooling for the female students, disappeared. Thirdly, the striving for research-related instructions in the teachertraining programme, (urged by the state from 1977) affected both time allotments for gymnastics and sports and the relation between theoretical and practical courses. Finally, over the years, the subject gymnastics has been strongly influenced by different scientific discourses: first the medical discourse, followed by the physiological discourse and from the1980s and on, by the social scientific (pedagogical) discourse.

Tomtmarkerna i urban bebyggelse blir allt mer attraktiva. En minskning av byggnadsarean medger positiva ekonomiska effekter på markkostnaden då tomtpriserna tenderar att bli allt högre i stadsmiljö. En stor del av totalkostnaden vid nyproduktionen av ett enbostadshus är tomtpriset. Framtidens enbostadshus bör utformas med ett begränsat tomtbehov samt uppfylla framtida energikrav.   Examensarbetet har utförts i samarbete med småhustillverkaren Eksjöhus, vilka till följd av de ökade markpriserna upplever en minskad efterfrågan för nyproduktion av småhus. Likt övriga hustillverkare står Eksjöhus också inför uppfyllandet av framtida energikrav.   Syftet med examensarbetet är att utforma framtidens enbostadshus, genom att effektivisera tomtutnyttjandet och förbättra energiprestandan. Frågeställningarna vilka besvaras i arbetet är ”Vilken är den minsta möjliga bostadsarean för entréplanet i ett enbostadshus, med bibehållen tillgänglighet enligt svenska krav?”, ”Hur kan rumsfunktionerna disponeras för ett enbostadshus i tre våningar med bibehållna boendekvalitéer?”, ”Hur kan ett enbostadshus utformas för att klara EUs direktiv för år 2020 beträffande byggnaders energiprestanda?”. Målet med arbetet är att utforma ett enbostadshus i tre våningar med minsta möjliga bostadsarea på entréplanet, som klarar EUs direktiv för år 2020 beträffande byggnaders energiprestanda.   En litteraturstudie genomfördes för att utreda kompaktboendets effekter på boendekvalitén samt energieffektiv byggnadsutformning. En fallstudie av tre byggnader utreddes boende i flera plan. Utformningen av framtidens enbostadshus genomfördes i ett skissarbete och slutligen beräknades byggnaden för att uppfylla den rådande kravspecifikationen för NNE-hus.   En yteffektiv planutformning åstadkoms genom överlappandet av betjäningsareor, effektiv disposition av rumsfunktioner samt gemensamma kommunikationsytor. Entréplanets utformning resulterade i en bostadsarea på 51,4 m2. Byggnaden är utformad för att tillgodose kravet på tillgänglighet i enlighet med BBR och SIS. Rumsfunktionerna som finns representerade på entréplanet är kök, badrum, avskiljbar sängplats samt utrymme för sittgrupp, matplats, tvätt och förvaring. Plan 2 utgörs till största del av ett vardagsrum vilket knyts samman med entréplanets sociala funktioner. Byggandens privata våning utgörs av plan 3 vilket inrymmer två av byggandens tre sovrum.   Byggnaden följer nu gällande krav för 2020-målet, utformat som ett NNE-hus genom en energieffektiv utformning och egenproduktion av el från solceller. Vår slutsats är att förhållande, disponering, kommunikation av rumsfunktioner samt åtskild placering av privata och sociala utrymmen är väsentligt för att minimera bostadsarean samt för att bibehålla en god bostadskvalité. / Building plots in urban settlements are becoming more attractive. A reduction of the gross floor area allows a positive economic impact on the cost when the prices tend to become high in urban settlements. A large amount of the total cost for the production of a new one-family house is the price of the building plot. The future one-family house should be designed with a limited need of land and also meet future energy demands.   The work was performed in collaboration with the small house manufacturer Eksjöhus, which due to the increased price of land are experiencing a decline in demand for construction of new one-family houses. Like the rest of the small house manufacturer, Eksjöhus are also facing the fulfillment of future energy requirements.   The purpose of this study is to design tomorrow's one-family house, by increasing the efficiency of land use and to improve the energy performance. The questions, which are answered in this work are "What is the minimum floor space for the ground floor of a one-family house, while maintaining accessibility according to Swedish demands?", "How can room functions be arrange for a one-family house in three floors with maintained housing qualities?", "How can a one-family house be designed to meet the future EU energy strategy towards 2020 concerning energy performance of buildings? ". The goal of this work is to design a one-family house in three floors with a minimum floor space on the entrance floor, which meet the future EU energy strategy towards 2020.   A literature study was conducted to investigate the impact of compact living on the living quality and energy efficient building design. In a case study of three buildings, housing in several floors was investigated. The design of a future onefamily house was conducted in a sketch work and finally the building was calculated to fulfill the current specification for a Zero-energy building.   A space-efficient plan design is accomplished by overlap the service areas, efficient disposition of room functions and by shared communication areas. The design of the entrance floor resulted in a gross internal area of 51,4 m2. The building is designed to meet the requirement of accessibility according to BBR and SIS.   Room functions which are represented on the entrance floor are kitchen, bathroom, separable bed space and space for sitting, dining, laundry and storage. Plan 2 consists of a large living room which is connected to the social functions on the entrance floor. The private floor of the building is plan 3 which consist of two of the building's three bedrooms.   The building is designed to meet the future EU energy strategy towards 2020. The building is a Zero-energy building due to the energy efficient design and the selfproduction of electricity from solar cells.   Our conclusion is that the relationship, disposition, communication and the separate placement of private and social spaces is essential to reduce the living space and to maintain good housing quality.

Η παρούσα διατριβή διερευνά την επίδραση των πετρογραφικών παραμέτρων στις φυσικομηχανικές ιδιότητες των οφιολιθικών πετρωμάτων Πίνδου και Βούρινου. Επιπρόσθετα, μελετώνται ορισμένα δείγματα από τα οφιολιθικά συμπλέγματα του Κόζιακα και της ανατολικής Όθρυος και ορισμένα Τριαδικά ηφαιστειακά πετρώματα από την περιοχή του Δομοκού. Tα συλλεχθέντα δείγματα αξιολογούνται για την καταλληλότητά τους ως αδρανή υλικά. Επιπλέον, διερευνάται η καταλληλότητα υγιών υπερβασικών δειγμάτων στη βιομηχανία πυρίμαχων. Στις υπό μελέτη εμφανίσεις πραγματοποιήθηκε λεπτομερής γεωλογική χαρτογράφηση. Ακολούθησε πετρογραφική εξέταση των επιμέρους λιθότυπων και ποσοτικοποίηση των ορυκτολογικών συστατικών τους. Εφαρμόστηκαν σύγχρονες τεχνικές με ηλεκτρονικό μικροσκόπιο σάρωσης, μικροσκόπιο φθορισμού και λογισμικό ψηφιακής επεξεργασίας εικόνας. Διερευνήθηκε επίσης ο τρόπος διάδοσης των μικρορωγμών κατά τη μοναξονική φόρτιση των πετρωμάτων και δόθηκε έμφαση στην πιθανή συμμετοχή αμιαντούχων ορυκτών σε αυτά. Προσδιορίστηκαν οι γεωμετρικές, φυσικομηχανικές, φυσικοχημικές και χημικές ιδιότητες των δειγμάτων και διαπιστώθηκε ότι οι βασικοί λιθότυποι παρουσιάζουν υψηλότερη μηχανική αντοχή από τους υπερβασικούς, ενώ οι τραχίτες έχουν συνήθως μεταβατικά χαρακτηριστικά μεταξύ των δύο παραπάνω κατηγοριών πετρωμάτων. Οι συσχετίσεις μεταξύ των προσδιορισθέντων ιδιοτήτων διερευνήθηκαν με ανάλυση παλινδρόμησης και παραγοντική ανάλυση. Οι ιδιότητες των βασικών και υπερβασικών λιθότυπων τείνουν να βελτιώνονται όσο μειώνεται ο βαθμός εξαλλοίωσης. Εξαίρεση αποτελεί ο δείκτης αντίστασης σε στίλβωση, ο οποίος τείνει να βελτιώνεται αυξανομένου του βαθμού υδροθερμικής μεταμόρφωσης. Για τους δολερίτες διατυπώθηκαν δύο νέοι μικροπετρογραφικοί δείκτες, ο δείκτης αντοχής (Ips) και ο δείκτης αντικατάστασης (Irep), οι οποίοι αποτελούν ποσοτική έκφραση των πετρογραφικών μεταβολών που λαμβάνουν χώρα κατά την εξαλλοίωση. Για τους υπερβασικούς λιθότυπους εισήχθηκε ο λόγος OOS, ο οποίος εκφράζει το βαθμό διατήρησης των πρωτογενών ορυκτών κατά τη σερπεντινίωση. Για τον προσδιορισμό του βαθμού εξαλλοίωσης των υπερβασικών πετρωμάτων εισήχθηκε ο δείκτης ευκίνητων στοιχείων (Im). Οι υπό μελέτη λιθότυποι είναι κατάλληλοι για χρήση ως αδρανή σκυροδεμάτων, κονιαμάτων, οδοποιίας, σκύρων σιδηροτροχιών, φίλτρων και βράχων θωράκισης, με εξαίρεση τους έντονα σερπεντινιωμένους και τεκτονισμένους χαρτσβουργίτες και τους τραχίτες. Ακόμη, τα υγιή υπερβασικά δείγματα είναι κατάλληλα για χρήση ως πρώτες ύλες στη βιομηχανία πυρίμαχων. / The present thesis aims at investigating the influence of petrographic factors on the physicomechanical properties of the Pindos and Vourinos ophiolitic rocks. Samples were also collected from the Koziakas and eastern Othrys ophiolitic complexes, as well as from an exposure of Triassic volcanic rocks near the Domokos locality. The evaluation of the collected samples for their suitability as aggregates is attempted. In addition, selected ultrabasic samples are evaluated for their suitability in refractory industry. The studied areas were thoroughly mapped. The petrographic characteristics of each lithotype were examined and their mineralogical composition was quantified. Modern techniques were also applied, using scanning electron microscopy and fluorescent microscopy, in combination with digital image analysis. Additionally, the microcrack propagation during uniaxial compression was investigated, as well as the potential existence of asbestiform minerals in each sample. The geometrical, physicomechanical, physicochemical and chemical properties were determined for each rock sample. The basic lithotypes have higher strength than the ultrabasic. The trachytes usually have characteristics transitional between the basic and ultrabasic lithotypes. The interrelationships between the various properties were examined using regression and factor analysis. The properties of the basic and ultrabasic lithotypes tend to improve when the degree of alteration decreases. Exceptionally, the polishing resistance tends to increase with an increasing degree of hydrothermal metamorphism. Two new micropetrographic indices were proposed for the dolerites, the micropetrographic strength index (Ips) and the replacement index (Irep). These indices reflect and quantify petrographic transformations which take place during alteration. The ratio OOS was introduced for the ultrabasic samples, which reflects the degree of preservation of the primary mineral phases during serpentinization. Additionally, the index of mobile elements (Im) was introduced in order to quantify the degree of alteration of ultrabasic rocks. The studied rock types are suitable for the production of aggregates for concretes, mortars, road construction, railway track ballast, filters and armourstone. The only unsuitable samples are the intense serpentinized and tectonized harzburgites and the trachytes. In addition, the fresh ultrabasic samples can be used as raw materials in the refractory industry.