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Kvinnligt chefskap : En kvalitativ studie av socialarbterares förväntingar på kvinnliga chefer / Female leadership : A qualitative study about social workers expectations of female managersJonasson, Mattias, Ferm, Emelie January 2012 (has links)
The purpose of this study is to use a qualitative approach to get an understanding of what is expected of social workers targeted towards women managers in social services. Nine social workers were interviewed. The empirical data was then analyzed on the basis of gender theory. Respondents did not see their supervisor as a manager but more as a social worker with special tasks. Our empirical data indicates that there is a strong belief that men and women possess different properties. The social workers thought that men were likely to make a career and women were considered to work in the area of social care. It was considered to have a different leadership in social services than in other organizations.
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Framing Hillary Clinton: A Content Analysis of the New York Times News Coverage of the 2000 New York Senate ElectionBusher, Amy Beth 09 June 2006 (has links)
This study used a combination of qualitative and quantitative content analyses to examine how news articles written by the New York Times portrayed Hillary Clinton during the 2000 New York Senate Election. The study combined research on political elections, gender stereotypes and an inductive analysis of coverage of the election to derive at four dominant frames. These frames, political activity, horserace, gender stereotype and traditional first lady were used to determine how the media responded to Hillary Clinton’s unprecedented decision to run for election. Results show that Hillary Clinton received more coverage based on her political activity than any other frame. In addition, there was no significant difference in the frames used based on the tone of the articles.
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March's Gendered Madness: An Analysis of Print Media Representations of a Female Division I NCAA Women's Basketball Coach - Pat SummittAllen, Cindy Marie 12 June 2006 (has links)
This study explores the extent to which national newspaper coverage of a successful female coach reflects the broader gender ideology of society. This study looks specifically at the New York Times, The Washington Post and USA Today's coverage of six Women's Division I national basketball tournaments in which Pat Summitt coached the University of Tennessee in the championship game. The years included for this analysis are 1996, 1997, 1998, 2000, 2003 and 2004. This rhetorical analysis examines this print coverage to determine if, consistent with previous research on media coverage of the female athlete, Summitt's traditional gender role is privileged over her coaching role. The results suggest that Summitt is characterized in ways that marginalize and trivialize her coaching acomplishments. The findings also suggest that even as women succeed in the male-dominated world of sport, societal pressures require that they be presented as properly gendered heterosexual females.
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The emergence of female leaders: becoming a female leader in modern organisations.Prigent, Anaïs January 2011 (has links)
Around the globe, many organisations are still dominated by male managerial models. In spite of the progress in the status of women in our society in the last decades, higher positions in organisations are still held by men, even though women have the capacity to occupy these positions. This work investigates many studies about the different arguments linked to organisations that researchers/authors have done on this subject. It uses narrative as a key focus to explore the under-representation of women in higher positions within national and multinational organisations. The theoretical part of this thesis enables a better understanding of aspects of leadership in organisations, and discusses the whole idea of gender labelling leadership as masculine or feminine, but also to present the principal hurdles encountered by women in organisations. Using the empirical method involves undertaking semi-structured interviews with women and men in high management positions, in order to construct a solid basis for analysis and discussion by putting forward solutions. I hope that my work will enable my readers to find some solutions, and that it can serve as a guideline for firms in order to encourage them to benefit. I will try to propose a solution for them to harness the under-utilised talent of their female employees and to pool and foster an environment of respect and equity based on merit rather than on gender.
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The Right One : En studie av användningen av könsstereotyper i tryckt alkoholreklam i svensk månadspress / The Right One : A study of the usage of gender stereotypes in alcohol advertising in the Swedish monthly pressHenningsson, Carolina, Thönnersten, Henrietta January 2011 (has links)
Syftet med uppsatsen är att titta på om de stereotypa bilderna som tycks finnas av män och kvinnor i reklam stämmer; som att rosa drar till sig en kvinnas uppmärksamhet eller att en stilren bild attraherar män mer än kvinnor. Eftersom annonserna vi har valt kommer från en typisk herrtidning och en typisk damtidning hoppas vi på att kunna komma fram till att det finns distinkta skillnader i hur män och kvinnor reagerar på de sex annonser vi har valt ut. Vi vill försöka komma fram till detta genom att använda oss av de fråg<br>eställningar som är nämnda nedan. Vår huvudfrågeställning kommer att vara som följer: Finns det i svensk alkoholreklam en stereotyp bild av en manlig respektive kvinnlig konsument av alkoholreklam och hur ser i så fall dessa ut? Vi kommer även att använda oss av underfrågor som kan kopplas till huvudfrågeställningen. Dessa kommer vara: Hur reagerar olika målgrupper på reklam som riktas mot dem samt andra målgrupper? Går det att genom enkäter hitta vad det är som män respektive kvinnor finner intressant och iögonfallande? Går det att genom att undersöka annonser se vilka element som är tänkta att attrahera ett visst kön? Går det att rikta alkoholannonser mot ett kön på ett sådant vis att det andra könet blir helt exkluderat? Genom dessa frågor hoppas vi på att kunna hitta vad en stereotypt manlig respektive kvinnlig konsument reagerar på i annonser för alkohol och vad de identifierar sig själva med i denna. Vi kommer även genom dessa frågor titta på om de som har skapat annonserna har lyckats med sin uppgift eller om de har dragit till sig en annan publik än den som var den huvudsakliga målgruppen. Ifall reklammakaren inte har lyckats med att nå sin målgrupp kommer vi att diskutera vad som kan ha varit anledningen till detta. Vi hoppas att uppsatsen ska kunna bli ett underlag till vidare diskussioner kring huruvida reklam når sin från början tänkta målgrupp. Kan de stereotyper som skapas i och med vår analys av reklamerna sägas stämma överens med den målgrupp som attraheras av reklamen eller är den stereotyp som tycks ha används vid produktionen av reklamen helt utdaterad?
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STALKING MYTH ACCEPTANCE: AN INVESTIGATON OF ATTITUDINAL CONSTRUCTS ASSOCIATED WITH GENDER DIFFERENCES IN JUDGMENTS OF INTIMATE STALKINGDunlap, Emily Elizabeth 01 January 2010 (has links)
Emerging research has shown that women and men perceive criminal stalking differently, yet there is little research addressing why these differences exist. For example, mock juror research on intimate stalking has found that men are more likely than women to render lenient judgments (e.g., not-guilty verdicts). Understanding the underlying attitudes associated with differences in how men and women interpret whether certain behaviors would cause reasonable fear is crucial to an evaluation of current anti-stalking legislation. The primary goals of this research were: (1) to examine the extent to which beliefs that support stalking (i.e., stalking myth acceptance – SMA victim blame, SMA flattery, and SMA nuisance) predicted individual trial judgments of men and women, and (2) to test whether endorsement of SMA can be predicted from particular attitudinal correlates (e.g., hostility toward women). Overall, women were more likely than men (N = 360) to render trial judgments (e.g., guilty verdicts) supportive of the victim and were less likely to endorse SMA beliefs. Results also indicated that endorsement of particular SMA beliefs and personal experience (being the victim of and/or knowing a victim) explained why women and men differed on some trial judgments. For example, the odds of rendering a guilty verdict were less for participants who endorsed SMA flattery beliefs. In addition, participants who reported knowing someone who had been a victim were at greater odds of rendering a guilty verdict. Finally, participants who endorsed more traditional gender-role stereotypes were more likely to adhere to SMA beliefs. Results provide insight into the efficacy of current anti-stalking legislation that relies on a juror’s capacity to evaluate an “objective” interpretation (i.e., “reasonable person”) standard of fear for intimate stalking.
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Juror Bias in Perceptions of Lesbian Intimate Partner ViolenceWasarhaley, Nesa Elizabeth 01 January 2014 (has links)
Homophobic attitudes pervade our society and specifically our justice system, which negatively impact legal protection for lesbian victims of intimate partner violence (IPV). Juror stereotypes about IPV victims and perpetrators as well as their biases based on sexual orientation may be a hindrance to IPV cases being reported and successfully prosecuted. The primary goal of this study was to investigate the impact that mock jurors’ attitudes toward homosexuals and gender roles, and their acceptance of myths about domestic violence had on their perceptions of lesbian IPV. Heterosexual undergraduate students (N = 259) read a trial summary in which the defendant was charged with physically assaulting her same-sex partner. The trial varied as to whether the victim and defendant were depicted via images as feminine or masculine and thus were either stereotypical or counter-stereotypical. Participants rendered verdicts and made judgments about the victim and defendant (e.g., credibility, sympathy). Results indicated that a masculine victim indirectly increased the likelihood of rendering guilty verdicts by increasing anger toward the defendant. Participants with negative attitudes toward lesbians rated the defendant as low in credibility, and when the victim was masculine, these participants had more anger toward the defendant than participants with more positive attitudes. Participants high on hostile sexism (i.e., attitudes that justify male power) or domestic violence myth acceptance (i.e., endorsement of false beliefs that justify physical aggression against intimate partners) minimized the seriousness of the incident, which decreased the likelihood of rendering guilty verdicts. Participants low in benevolent sexism (i.e., feelings of protectiveness toward women that support traditional gender roles) rated the incident as lower in seriousness and had less anger toward the defendant for a feminine victim paired with a masculine defendant. Participants high in benevolent sexism rated the incident as less serious when the victim and defendant were both feminine, and had more anger toward the defendant when the victim was masculine and the defendant was feminine. Results provide insight into the relationships between victim and defendant stereotypicality and individual differences in attitudes on mock juror decision-making in lesbian IPV cases.
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The Other Side of the Glass Ceiling: For Females, Climbing the Corporate Ladder is only Half the BattleRestaino, Kate B 01 January 2016 (has links)
Agentic women continue to be penalized for success in male-dominated industries, resulting in gender discrimination and differing opportunity structures (Foschi, 2000). The purpose of the proposed study is to see how an employee’s gender and status in male-dominated corporate settings influence participants’ perceptions of competency, liking, and consequences after the employee makes a mistake. These dependent variables will also be examined in relationship to participants’ level of sexism. Approximately 132 participants will be recruited from high technology companies, and will read a vignette about a male or female and entry-level or executive employee who makes a mistake. They will then answer competency, liking, and firing questions, as well as Glick & Fiske’s (1996) Ambivalent Sexism Inventory. Participants are expected to perceive females more negatively than males, and executives more negatively than entry-level employees. Additionally, female executives will be perceived as the least competent, and will be the least well liked. It is also predicted that they will be most likely fired. This study may add important information on gender stereotyping in the workplace, and further explore how an employee’s status in the company influences perceptions of the employee. The implications of the proposed study for future research are also discussed.
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Stéréotypes sexués explicites et implicites en contexte sportif : réalité, évolution, et lien avec les comportements d’engagement sportif / Explicit and implicit gender stereotypes in sport context : reality, evolution, and link with sport involvement behavioursPlaza, Melissa 16 June 2016 (has links)
La perspective psycho-sociale suggère que les stéréotypes sexués pourraient en partie expliquer l’investissement différencié des hommes et des femmes en sport. Ce travail doctoral vise à examiner le rôle joué par les stéréotypes sexués dans les comportements d’engagement/abandon sportif selon (1) la voie indirecte, via l’internalisation de ces croyances durant le processus de socialisation (Fredricks & Eccles, 2004) et (2) la voie directe, via leur activation automatique. Un programme de recherche articulé autour de 8 études et impliquant près de 1300 participants a été conduit. Les études 1 à 3 ont d’une part confirmé que des croyances étaient spécifiquement attachées aux activités sportives et d’autre part, qu’elles étaient susceptibles d’être activées automatiquement lors de la présentation brève d’activités féminines et d’affecter la catégorisation de prénoms subséquente. Les études 4 à 6 ont mis en évidence le rôle significatif joué par les stéréotypes sexués dans l’investissement sportif des individus puisque l’adhésion à des croyances défavorables à son groupe sexué prédisait négativement l’engagement sportif des adolescents, via les perceptions de soi (compétence, valeur). Si aucun lien n’a été observé entre l’association implicite sport-genre et l’engagement sportif, une identité implicite soi + masculin semble être négativement associée à l’abandon sportif. Finalement, les études 5, 7 et 8 ont montré que certains stéréotypes explicites étaient malléables d’un point de vue développemental (stéréotype général) ou suite à une manipulation expérimentale (stéréotype relatif à la compétence), mais n’ont révélé aucun pattern développemental, ni de sensibilité à la manipulation expérimentale concernant l’association implicite sport-genre. / The psycho-social perspective suggests that gender stereotypes could partly explain the differentiated involvement of men and women in sport. This doctoral research aims to examine the role played by gender stereotypes in sport involvement/dropout behaviours according to (1) the indirect pathway, via the internalization of these beliefs during the socialization process (Fredricks & Eccles, 2004) and (2) the direct pathway, via their automatic activation. A research program structured around 8 studies and implicating almost 1300 participants has been conducted. The studies 1 to 3 have confirmed on the one hand that specific beliefs are attached to sport activities and on the other hand, that they are likely to be automatically activated by the brief presentation of feminine activities and to affect the subsequent categorization of names. The studies 4 to 6 have highlighted the significant role played by gender stereotypes in individuals ‘sport involvement, since the endorsement of beliefs in disfavour of one’s own sex-group predicted negatively adolescents’ sport involvement, via the self-perceptions (competence, value). If, none link has been observed between sport-gender implicit association and sport involvement, a self + masculine implicit identity seems to be negatively associated with sport dropout. Finally, the studies 5, 7 and 8 showed that certain explicit stereotypes are malleable under a developmental perspective (general stereotype) and after an experimental manipulation (stereotype related to competence), but did not reveal any developmental pattern, nor sensibility to the experimental manipulation concerning the sport-gender implicit association.
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The Influence of Gender Stereotype Consistent and Inconsistent Attributes of Job Applicants on Recruiters’ MemoryHerrmann, Annika, Petermann, Meike January 2018 (has links)
According to a growing body of research, gender stereotypes can have a profound effect on hiring decisions. However, it is unclear whether information confirming or contradicting gender stereotypes can bias recruiters’ memory and ultimately affect hiring decisions. This study examined whether gender stereotypes about job applicants can affect memory of recruiters to remember stereotype consistent information, specifically when hiring for a predominantly male gender-typed job position as Financial Advisor. In a true experiment, 158 participants screened CVs of fictitious applicants, containing either gender stereotype consistent or inconsistent information in an online hiring scenario conducted mainly through a professional social network site. Recognition of consistent and inconsistent information was measured, as well as the intent to hire and to invite the applicant for a job interview. The results revealed that stereotype consistent information on the CV was not remembered more than stereotype inconsistent information. Additionally, male applicants were not preferred over female applicants in regard to the intent to hire. Female applicants were more likely to be invited for an interview than male applicants, as opposed to our hypothesized presumption. Professional experience in personnel selection did not affect the results. Practical implications are discussed.
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