A presente tese realizou uma investigação sobre os sentidos e imagens acerca do mal-estar e da experiência psíquica na cidade de São Paulo visto por meio da literatura urbana contemporânea, mais especificamente, tomando como material de análise a ficção Tango, com violino de Eduardo Alves da Costa. Partindo do pressuposto que relaciona os sofrimentos, desassossegos e desconfortos gerais sentidos na cidade com uma perda de sentido junto ao ambiente e sua paisagem, na sua interferência nos vínculos sociais e em suas relações intersubjetivas, utilizamos em nossa análise uma perspectiva imaginativo-interpretativa fundamentada em referenciais teóricos como Gilbert Durand, James Hillman, Gaston Bachelard e Augustin Berque, entre outros, abordando como a imaginação organiza o campo psicossocial e sua relação com os sentidos do espaço. Foi observado o papel da narrativa literária como um instrumento transformador do sofrimento em um incômodo capaz de estimular uma ampliação da percepção frente à cidade e seus problemas, mas também concluímos que o desconforto investigado poderia traduzir uma espécie de mal-estar da cidade. Sobre o desassossego e desamparo que relaciona os habitantes à cidade, notamos uma fenomenologia cuja variância, traz estados de aceleração e euforia em contraste com aspectos depressivos e melancólicos. Características que apontam para um modo civilizatório que em seu voo ideacional conflita com a necessidade de um lastro de valor, medida e sentido, tendo no retorno à sua imagem mítica uma aproximação para a compreensão da relação entre a experiência subjetiva e o sofrimento que atravessam o espaço urbano, o que aponta para a necessidade de habitar os atravessamentos entre as perspectivas que relacionam o novo com o antigo, o corpo, a cidade e a paisagem / The present thesis has carried out some research into the senses and images about malaise and psychic experience in the city of São Paulo seen through contemporary urban literature, more specifically taking the fiction Tango, with violin by Eduardo Alves da Costa as an analysis material. Starting from the assumption that relates the sufferings, restlessness and general discomforts felt in the city with a loss of sense nearby the environment and its landscape, in its interference in social ties and their intersubjective relations, we use in our analysis an imaginative-interpretive perspective from theoretical references such as Gilbert Durand, James Hillman, Gaston Bachelard and Augustin Berque, among others, approaching how the imagination organises de psychosocial field and its relationship with the meanings of space The role of the literary narrative was seen as a transformative instrument of suffering into a nuisance capable of stimulating an amplification of perception of the city and its problems, but we also concluded that the discomfort researched could translate a kind of malaise of the city. About the restlessness and helplessness that relates the inhabitants to the city, we note a phenomenology whose variance brings states of acceleration and euphoria in contrast to depressive and melancholic aspects. Features pointing to a civilizing mode that in its ideational flight conflict with the need for a ballast of value, measure and sense, having in the return to its mythic image an approximation for the understanding of the relationship between subjective experience and suffering that cross the urban space, which points to the need to inhabit the crossings between the perspectives that relate the new to the old, the body, the city and the landscape

O presente estudo objetiva o levantamento de algumas leituras da obra de Clarice Lispector com viés psicanalítico a fim de identificar como o intérprete aproxima a Psicanálise do texto literário para, então, construir um fio interpretativo pelo qual encontramos algumas constantes nesses diálogos possíveis entre Clarice Lispector e a Psicanálise. A partir de um olhar mais atento para os romances Perto do coração selvagem e A hora da estrela, os contos Legião Estrangeira e A mensagem, bem como para uma seleção de crônicas do livro A descoberta do mundo, veio à luz nessas obras a permanente e insistente figuração do mal-estar e desamparo do homem diante do outro, de si mesmo e da própria linguagem, noções estas sistematizadas pela Psicanálise. / The present study aims to analyze some of Clarice Lispector\'s work with a psychoanalytic bias in order to identify how the interpreter approaches the literary text and Psychoanalysis. Then, we intend to construct an interpretive thread by which we find some constants in these possible dialogues between Clarice Lispector and Psychoanalysis. From a closer look at the novels Near to the Wild Heart and The Hour of the Star, the short stories \"Foreign Legion\" and \"The Message\", as well as a selection of chronicles from The Discovery of the World, we found in these works the permanent and insistent figuration of malaise and helplessness of man before the other, of himself and of his own language, notions systematized by Psychoanalysis.

Thesis (M.A. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2007.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2001. / Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 86-96). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

Investigating an important overlooked phase of interorganizational relationship evolution, which is currently hypothesized to progress through five stages of awareness, exploration, expansion, commitment, and dissolution, this dissertation proposes that in the long road between commitment and dissolution, the quintessential interfirm relationship is likely to be characterized by aprolonged period of relationship alienation, which then becomes the immediate precursor to the dissolution stage. The dissertation utilizes social learning theory, behavior constraint theory, and alienation theory to explain apathetic behaviors of franchisees. The principal proposition is that certain characteristics of the franchise system’s operating environment inadvertently condition franchisee estrangement and failure, and the maladaptive behaviors persist even after environmental changes make success possible again. The dissertation proposes and empirically tests a conceptual model of franchisee alienation. Data from dyadic franchisee-franchisor relationships (N=185) across a wide variety of industries were obtained through a survey of franchisee organizations that were members of the Franchise Council of Australia (FCA). The results render support to the central hypothesis that franchisee alienation occurs as a result of the franchisee organization disconnecting its own actions from the outcomes of its interactions with the franchisor. Franchisee alienation is shown as a phenomenon that is extremely toxic for the franchise system as a whole, as the alienated franchisee is likely to engage in opportunistic behaviors, exhibits reduced productivity, and is inclined to litigate against the franchisor and to dissolve its relationship with the franchisor. On the basis of the findings, the dissertation offers a prescription in terms of the different strategies that can be used by the franchisor to prevent and combat franchisee alienation.

South Africa's business environment is changing dramatically. Companies are continuously placed under pressure to reform. Government introduced clear guidelines in the form of transformation strategies to assist companies in moving towards a more democratic, non-racial and fully representative organisational structure. The two major strategies are coined Black Economic Empowerment and Affirmative Action. The aim of the strategies is to empower and uplift the previously disadvantaged communities of the Apartheid era. These communities include black people; who consist of Africans, Coloureds and Indians; women and disabled individuals. However, these strategies are perceived with mixed emotions. A sense of negativity is evident within the attitudes of all race groups. This may give rise to a new problem in the workplace: pessimism. Pessimism is associated with undesirable characteristics such as external, unstable and specific explanations for bad things and has emotional links to depression. Pessimists view problems as long lasting and inescapable, and tend to blame all misfortunes on their own ineptness and incompetence. On the other hand, optimism is associated with characteristics such as positive mood and good morale, happiness, perseverance and effective problem solving, achievement and health and even a long life and freedom from trauma. It is characterised by internal, stable and global explanations for bad things. A cross-sectional design with an availability sample (N 68) of junior and middle management workers working in a multinational industry was used. Nonprobability purposive sampling was applied in the selection of the study population. The results indicated that males experience more dispositional pessimism than women. Black employees also experienced more dispositional pessimism and optimism than white employees, and employees who attended Affirmative Action induction programmes displayed higher levels of optimism than those who have not attended such programmes. If the tendency towards pessimism increases the result may have devastating effects on the organisation as a whole. It is possible that performance will decline and organisational targets will not be reached. To address these issues organisations may need to change their structural planning in order to utilise males more productively, and to enhance a sense of empowerment. Companies should formulate clear goals with regard to what they want to gain from Affirmative Action programmes. Programmes should also be constantly revised and continuing evaluations must be carried out in order to track the effect of the programmes on the workforce. Recommendations were made for future research. / Thesis (M.A. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2007.

For students with physical and health disabilities, the development of self-advocacy skills is critical to their future success. Characteristics that may inhibit the development of self-advocacy skills in this population include reliance on others for assistance across multiple areas requiring physical abilities, deficits in communication skills, and the development of learned helplessness. Instruction in self-advocacy is needed for this population of students in order to maximize future success and decrease learned helplessness (Angell, Stoner, and Fulk, 2010; Macdonald & Block, 2005; Roberts, 2007). For this study, the researcher provided instruction to four elementary age students with physical disabilities who exhibited characteristics of learned helplessness, including ineffective initiation of requests. Students used speech, sign, or gestures as their primary form of communication, and were able to use this form of communication as a reliable means of response during typical classroom activities, including social interactions and when responding to questions. When they needed to initiate a request for required materials during classroom activities, they made no response, ineffectively gestured, or made unrelated comments when prompted to complete an activity. Students who initiated requests ≤ 50% of presented opportunities were eligible to participate in this study. The intervention consisted of combined use of environmental arrangement and the system of least prompts in a multiprobe multiple baseline across participants design. Environmental arrangement strategies included missing materials or materials that were out of reach. The system of least prompts involved the following levels of prompting: (a) independent, (b) verbal – restatement of direction, (c) indirect verbal, and (d) verbal/model. Analysis of the data indicated that three of the four students increased their effective initiation of requests during intervention, and generalized this skill to new materials and novel settings. The fourth student exhibited noncompliant behaviors that interfered with his ability to reach criteria during intervention. These results support the effectiveness of this intervention in decreasing learned helplessness and increasing the self-advocacy skill of initiating requests with students with physical disabilities who have no interfering behaviors.

South Africa's business environment is changing dramatically. Companies are continuously placed under pressure to reform. Government introduced clear guidelines in the form of transformation strategies to assist companies in moving towards a more democratic, non-racial and fully representative organisational structure. The two major strategies are coined Black Economic Empowerment and Affirmative Action. The aim of the strategies is to empower and uplift the previously disadvantaged communities of the Apartheid era. These communities include black people; who consist of Africans, Coloureds and Indians; women and disabled individuals. However, these strategies are perceived with mixed emotions. A sense of negativity is evident within the attitudes of all race groups. This may give rise to a new problem in the workplace: pessimism. Pessimism is associated with undesirable characteristics such as external, unstable and specific explanations for bad things and has emotional links to depression. Pessimists view problems as long lasting and inescapable, and tend to blame all misfortunes on their own ineptness and incompetence. On the other hand, optimism is associated with characteristics such as positive mood and good morale, happiness, perseverance and effective problem solving, achievement and health and even a long life and freedom from trauma. It is characterised by internal, stable and global explanations for bad things. A cross-sectional design with an availability sample (N 68) of junior and middle management workers working in a multinational industry was used. Nonprobability purposive sampling was applied in the selection of the study population. The results indicated that males experience more dispositional pessimism than women. Black employees also experienced more dispositional pessimism and optimism than white employees, and employees who attended Affirmative Action induction programmes displayed higher levels of optimism than those who have not attended such programmes. If the tendency towards pessimism increases the result may have devastating effects on the organisation as a whole. It is possible that performance will decline and organisational targets will not be reached. To address these issues organisations may need to change their structural planning in order to utilise males more productively, and to enhance a sense of empowerment. Companies should formulate clear goals with regard to what they want to gain from Affirmative Action programmes. Programmes should also be constantly revised and continuing evaluations must be carried out in order to track the effect of the programmes on the workforce. Recommendations were made for future research. / Thesis (M.A. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2007.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Notre Dame, 2009. / Thesis directed by Julia M. Braungart-Rieker for the Department of Psychology. "April 2009." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 63-69).

Thesis(M.S.)--Auburn University, 2006. / Abstract. Vita. Includes bibliographic references (p.89-92).