The thesis deals with quality theory, quality management system based on the ISO ČSN EN 9001 norm and disagreement management in a construction production company. In addition, the work describes ways of reaching quality and principles of managing quality of a given product. Procedures, methods and appropriate measures emerging from the theory of managing product quality are followingly implemented into a proposal for leading a real construction production company.

La presente tesis fue desarrollada con el objetivo de identificar la relación entre la Implementación del sistema integrado de gestión ISO 9001:2015, ISO 14001:2015 e ISO 45001:2018 y la innovación como fuente de la ventaja competitiva en las empresas del sector servicios logísticos en Lima 2019 El alcance se circunscribe al sector servicios logísticos de almacenamiento, transporte y distribución, debido a que mueve alrededor de S/ 1,600 millones al año en el país y porque conocer el nivel de desarrollo de su sistema integrado de gestión podría ayudarlas a optimizar sus procesos enfocándose en gran medida por la mejora continua y la innovación que serían producto de la implementación del SIG y la ventaja competitiva. La investigación de enfoque mixto y diseño no experimental, transversal, correlacional, utilizó como instrumentos la entrevista y encuestas, aplicándolas a nuestro público objetivo y como principales resultados identificamos la relación positiva y fuerte que existe entre las herramientas del SIG, el impacto operacional y organizacional dentro de una empresa con la innovación como fuente de la ventaja competitiva como lo puede ser, la cultura de los colaboradores dentro de su empresa o la innovación en línea a sus productos/servicios, procesos o nuevos mercados a los cuales penetrar. En tanto a lo expuesto anteriormente, podemos concluir que tener una cultura de innovación en los tres campos que abordamos afecta de manera directa positiva a la implementación al sistema integrado de gestión de cualquier empresa del sector logístico en Lima y Callao (2019). El resultado de la presente investigación permite entender la implicancia de implementar un sistema integrado de gestión y como las variables que proporcionan evidencian la mejora en los estándares de los servicios ofrecidos, alcanzando un nivel superior con procesos estandarizados y costos controlados; relacionándose directamente con la innovación como fuente de la ventaja competitiva de las empresas del sector logístico en Lima y Callao. El hallazgo que podemos destacar como resultado de la investigación, es como la innovación del mercado va a requerir que las empresas puedan adaptarse con mayor velocidad a los nuevos lineamientos exigidos por el sector. Para poder brindar los servicios en un nuevo esquema bajo la situación de pandemia que se ha desarrollado en el primer semestre del 2020. Dentro de las recomendaciones, destacamos tres puntos claves; las oportunidades de financiamiento que pueden solicitar las organizaciones a los proyectos del estado para la implementación del SIG y de esta manera iniciar con el proceso. El segundo punto, las nuevas herramientas de gestión de procesos que las empresas deberían considerar para la homogenizar sus procesos. Por último, considerar para futuras investigaciones la implementación del SIG bajo el marco regulatorio del Covid-19 y como pueden hacer uso de sus beneficios para reducir el riesgo en la salud del personal. / This thesis was developed with the aim of identifying the relationship between the Implementation of the integrated management system ISO 9001: 2015, ISO 14001: 2015 and ISO 45001: 2018 and innovation as a source of competitive advantage in companies in the logistics services sector in Lima 2019 The scope of this project consists of delving into the logistics services sector storage, transportation and distribution, since it moves around S / 1,600 million a year in the country and improves the level of development of its integrated management system for all companies in the logistic sector. This could help them optimize their processes, focusing largely on the continuous improvement and the innovation that would be a product of the implementation of the GIS and the competitive advantage. The research with a mixed approach and non-experimental, cross-sectional, correlational. As techniques, interviews and surveys were used, applying them to our target audience and as main results we identified the strong relationship that exists between the IMS tools, the operational and organizational impact within a company with innovation as a source of competitive advantage. from collaborators within the company or online innovation to your products / services, processes, or new markets to penetrate. As detail above, we can conclude that having a culture of innovation in the three fields we can address that this would enhance the integrated management system of any company in the logistics sector in Lima and Callao (2019). The implications of the conclusions we reached in this work allow us to understand the approach that should be taken when developing an integrated management system and how the benefits they provide are evidenced with the possibility of improving the standard of services offered, reaching a superior level with standardized processes and controlled costs, being directly related to innovation as a source of competitive advantage for companies in the logistics sector in Lima and Callao. Within our recommendations, we highlight three key points; the financing opportunities that organizations can request from state projects for the implementation of the IMS and with it start the process. The second point, the new process management tools that companies should consider for the homogenization of their processes. Finally, consider in future research to deepen the issues of IMS implementation under the regulatory framework of Covid-19 and how they can make use of its benefits to reduce the risk to personnel health. Among the discoveries that we can highlight is how the Market innovation will require that companies can adapt more quickly to the new guidelines required by the sector. In order to provide services in a new scheme under the pandemic situation that has developed in the first half of 2020. / Tesis

In recent times, sustainability has become a top management priority as well as a competitive advantage for organizations. Green-tech companies that develop and commercialize innovations and technology, that protect the environment by alleviating environmental market failures while preserving natural resources, have increased as a result. Additionally, more companies pursue corporate sustainability (CS), which is a comprehensive term that includes CSR and the long-term effects of corporate actions to maximize the organization’s contribution to SD. Management systems can help companies to achieve certain dimensions of CS, however, no single management system is comprehensive enough to capture the entire scope of CS. The most commonly used management systems related to CS are the quality management system ISO 9001:2015, environmental management system ISO 14001:2015, energy management system ISO 50001:2018, and occupational health and safety management system ISO 45001:2018. However, the adoption of multiple, separate MSs can lead to counterproductivity and difficulties in managing them. This issue is often solved by creating an integrated management system (IMS), defined as a fusion of two or more MSs. IMSs can enable the operationalization and implementation of CS into business processes and an IMS augmented with CS principles is defined as a sustainability management system (SMS). In literature, there are conceptual frameworks for the development of SMSs, but they lack empirical evidence in multiple industries and countries, especially in green-tech companies.   The study aimed to develop a framework for how green-tech companies can achieve an SMS. The aim was realized by studying state-of-the-art literature, testing the applicability of an SMS framework in a case study, evaluating the applicability, and suggesting improvements. The case study was done at a battery cell manufacturer, which was chosen because this industry faces a number of sustainability threats and is emerging rapidly parallel to the automotive industry’s electrification. The originality of the work lies in testing the applicability of the current frameworks in practice at a green-tech company.  The main contribution of this study is the development of an updated framework for the implementation of an SMS in green-tech companies, based on the literature and empirical findings. The framework provides managers with an understanding of the path towards incorporating CS and working towards a sustainable development. Another contribution is the compliance analysis which can be used to evaluate the implementation of an SMS. The authors consider the findings to be applicable to other green-tech companies and battery cell manufacturers with a sustainability-focus. The framework adapted to the case study’s circumstances shows how to apply the solution in practice. / På senare tid har hållbarhet blivit högsta prioritet i företagsledningar eftersom det många gånger innebär konkurrensfördelar för organisationer. Så kallade green-tech-företag har utvecklats i takt med nutidens hållbarhetsutmaningar, i syfte att utveckla och kommersialisera innovationer och teknik som skyddar miljön och lindrar miljömässiga marknadsmisslyckanden, samtidigt som naturresurser bevaras. Allt fler organisationer arbetar numera också med företags hållbarhetsarbete (corporate sustainability, CS) vilket är ett omfattande begrepp som innefattar, utöver alla aspekter av socialt ansvarstagande (CSR), även ett långsiktigt perspektiv till hållbar utveckling. Arbetet med CS kan underlättas med ledningssystem specialiserade i varje dimension av CS, men enbart ensamma ledningssystem kan inte åstadkomma CS. De vanligaste ledningssystemen relaterade till CS är kvalitetsledningssystemet ISO 9001:2015, miljöledningssystemet ISO 14001:2015, energiledningssystemet ISO 50001:2018 och arbetsmiljöledningssystemet ISO 45001:2018. Företag som innehar flera olika ledningssystem upptäcker dock snart att det kan leda till kontraproduktivitet och svårigheter att hantera de olika systemen. Detta löses ofta genom att skapa ett integrerat ledningssystem (IMS) som definieras som en sammanslagning av två eller fler ledningssystem. Ett IMS kan möjliggöra integrering av CS in i ett företags processer och ett IMS kompletterat med CS definieras som ett hållbarhetsledningssystem (SMS). Det finns konceptuella ramverk för SMS i litteraturen, men de saknar empiri i många olika typer av industrier, företag och länder, inte minst inom green-tech.   Studien syftade till att utveckla ett ramverk för hur green-tech-företag kan uppnå ett SMS. Syftet kunde åstadkommas genom att studera aktuell SMS-litteratur, testa tillämpbarheten av ett SMS-ramverk genom en fallstudie, utvärdera tillämpbarheten och därefter föreslå förbättringsförslag gällande de studerade ramverken. Fallstudien utfördes på en battericellstillverkare eftersom denna industri står inför hållbarhetsutmaningar och växer parallellt med elektrifieringen av bilindustrin. Originaliteten i arbetet ligger i att testa tillämpbarheten för nuvarande ramverk i praktiken på ett green-tech-företag. Studiens huvudsakliga bidrag är ett uppdaterat ramverk för implementeringen av ett SMS i green-tech-företag, baserat på litteratur och empiri. Ramverket kan bidra till att öka förståelsen i företagsledningar gällande den praktiska implementeringen av operativt hållbarhetsarbete. Ett annat bidrag är verktyget compliance analysis, som utvecklades i studien för att utvärdera implementationen av ett SMS. Författarna anser att studiens resultat är tillämpbart för andra green-tech-företag men även battericellstillverkare med hållbarhetsfokus. Det anpassade ramverket visar även hur studiens resultat kan tillämpas i praktiken.

The thesis breaks down demands of regulations from EU level and Swedish level that will impact companies as well as positive effects ISO 9001 and 14001 can have on companies, where there can be implications as well as benefits having integrated management systems. The purpose  in this case study is to see what managers and coordinators need and require from a management system and how the linked systems are used, where theories such as SWOT, cornerstone model, user experience and PESTEL are used. Because it is a perception of user’s behaviors, requests and needs qualitative research is used as the method consisting of interviews for the focus group and surveys to enhance the extent of the study. The interviews were conducted with 24 questions in the main categories of background of the interviewee, competence, and usage of the systems. The surveys have been more narrowed to specific usage intervals of systems and what is required and how a system is used.   The result of the study has been narrowed down from long interviews into a compact matrix diagram of the participants where the need for system connectivity and a more focused approach in ISO 9001 than 14001 has been seen, among other findings. And how the user behaviors are within the different systems and how it is used. The conclusions of the study are that system upgrades could benefit the work of integrated management system work and possibly enhance how to encourage work more actively within the systems. The processes should be linked to documentation, Management system and M-files connected. / Examensarbetet bryter ner krav på regelverk från EU-nivå och svensk nivå som kommer att påverka företag samt positiva effekter ISO 9001 och 14001 kan ha på företag, där det kan finnas både implikationer och fördelar med integrerade ledningssystem. Syftet i denna fallstudie att se vad chefer och samordnare behöver och kräver av ett ledningssystem och hur de länkade systemen används, där teorier som SWOT, hörnstensmodell, användarupplevelse och PESTEL används. Eftersom det är en uppfattning om användarnas beteenden, önskemål och behov används kvalitativ forskning som metod bestående av intervjuer för fokusgruppen och undersökningar för att öka studiens omfattning. Intervjuerna genomfördes av 24 frågor i huvudkategorierna intervjupersonens bakgrund, kompetens och användning av systemen. Undersökningarna har begränsats till specifika användningsintervall för system och vad som krävs och hur ett system används. Resultatet av studien har avgränsats från långa intervjuer till ett kompakt matrisdiagram över deltagarna där behovet av systemuppkoppling och ett mer fokuserat tillvägagångssätt i ISO 9001 än 14001 bland annat har setts. Hur användarbeteendena är inom de olika systemen och hur det används. Slutsatserna av studien är att systemuppgraderingar kan gynna arbetet med integrerat ledningssystem och eventuellt förbättra hur man kan uppmuntra till ett mer aktivt arbete inom systemen. Och processerna ska vara kopplade till dokumentation, ledningssystem och M-files sammankopplade.

The thesis breaks down demands of regulations from EU level and Swedish level that will impact companies as well as positive effects ISO 9001 and 14001 can have on companies, where there can be implications as well as benefits having integrated management systems. The purpose  in this case study is to see what managers and coordinators need and require from a management system and how the linked systems are used, where theories such as SWOT, cornerstone model, user experience and PESTEL are used. Because it is a perception of user’s behaviors, requests and needs qualitative research is used as the method consisting of interviews for the focus group and surveys to enhance the extent of the study. The interviews were conducted with 24 questions in the main categories of background of the interviewee, competence, and usage of the systems. The surveys have been more narrowed to specific usage intervals of systems and what is required and how a system is used.   The result of the study has been narrowed down from long interviews into a compact matrix diagram of the participants where the need for system connectivity and a more focused approach in ISO 9001 than 14001 has been seen, among other findings. And how the user behaviors are within the different systems and how it is used. The conclusions of the study are that system upgrades could benefit the work of integrated management system work and possibly enhance how to encourage work more actively within the systems. The processes should be linked to documentation, Management system and M-files connected. / Examensarbetet bryter ner krav på regelverk från EU-nivå och svensk nivå som kommer att påverka företag samt positiva effekter ISO 9001 och 14001 kan ha på företag, där det kan finnas både implikationer och fördelar med integrerade ledningssystem. Syftet i denna fallstudie att se vad chefer och samordnare behöver och kräver av ett ledningssystem och hur de länkade systemen används, där teorier som SWOT, hörnstensmodell, användarupplevelse och PESTEL används. Eftersom det är en uppfattning om användarnas beteenden, önskemål och behov används kvalitativ forskning som metod bestående av intervjuer för fokusgruppen och undersökningar för att öka studiens omfattning. Intervjuerna genomfördes av 24 frågor i huvudkategorierna intervjupersonens bakgrund, kompetens och användning av systemen. Undersökningarna har begränsats till specifika användningsintervall för system och vad som krävs och hur ett system används. Resultatet av studien har avgränsats från långa intervjuer till ett kompakt matrisdiagram över deltagarna där behovet av systemuppkoppling och ett mer fokuserat tillvägagångssätt i ISO 9001 än 14001 bland annat har setts. Hur användarbeteendena är inom de olika systemen och hur det används. Slutsatserna av studien är att systemuppgraderingar kan gynna arbetet med integrerat ledningssystem och eventuellt förbättra hur man kan uppmuntra till ett mer aktivt arbete inom systemen. Och processerna ska vara kopplade till dokumentation, ledningssystem och M-files sammankopplade.

The aim of this study was to determine how nurses manage the nutritional care of children under the age of five years at the primary healthcare level. A quantitative approach with an explorative descriptive design was used. A self-administered questionnaire and was used to collect data. The population was 34 professional nurses working in the child health sections of 16 clinics, all of whom were accessible, but one did not respond. Ten out of the target population were also observed using an observational checklist. Findings show lack of proper implementation of Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses (IMCI) guidelines and incorrect use of the Road-to-Health booklet. Secondly, the nurses at the child healthcare section had a high workload or had little experience in child care. The need for more emphasis on nutrition during IMCI training and the re-orientation of nurses on the optimal use of the Road-to-Health booklet were identified. / Master of Public Health (MPH) / Health Studies

No description available.

La situation de la forêt tropicale dans les pays en développement en général, et en République Démocratique du Congo (RDC) en particulier, est inquiétante. Les émissions de dioxyde de carbone dues au déboisement sont de l’ordre de 1,6 GtCO2e/an, soit 17% des émissions mondiales de « gaz à effet de serre ». Sous l’égide de la Convention-cadre des Nations Unies sur les changements climatiques, le REDD+ a été institué pour lutter contre cette déforestation et la dégradation des forêts. Cette étude examine les différentes opportunités qu’offre ce programme pour l’aménagement écosystémique du couvert forestier de la RDC et les obstacles contextuels à sa mise en oeuvre. Pour la RDC, le REDD+ présente un certain nombre d’opportunités : réduction des émissions liées au déboisement et à la dégradation des forêts; amorce des travaux d’afforestation et de reforestation par une gestion durable des ressources conduisant à la création des emplois et favorisant la croissance des PIB et des exports; accroissement du rendement et maintien d’une plus grande couverture des besoins alimentaires. Le REDD+ peut favoriser la croissance du Produit intérieur brut agricole. Il peut contribuer à l’électrification des ménages et réduire de moitié les dépenses des ménages dépendant de l’exploitation minière et des hydrocarbures et, ainsi, générer des milliers d’emplois en infrastructures. Pour les populations locales et autochtones, il peut contribuer aussi à protéger et à valoriser les cultures liées à la forêt. Mais, face aux pesanteurs d’ordre juridique, politique, social, économique, technologique et culturel caractéristiques de ce pays, ces opportunités risquent d’être amenuisées, sinon annihilées. Étant donné que l’essentiel du déploiement du dispositif du REDD+ se réalisera dans les zones rurales congolaises, l’obstacle majeur reste le droit coutumier. La solution serait d’harmoniser les exigences et finalités du REDD+ non seulement avec le Code forestier de 2002 et ses mesures d’exécution mais aussi avec le droit coutumier auquel les communautés locales et autochtones s’identifient. / The situation of the rainforest in developing countries in general and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) in particular is worrying. Emissions of carbon dioxide from deforestation are about 1.6 GtCO2e/an, or 17% of global emissions of "greenhouse gases". Under the auspices of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, REDD+ has been established to fight against the deforestation and degradation of forests. This study examines the different opportunities offered by the program for ecosystem-based management of forest cover in the DRC and contextual barriers to its implementation. For the DRC, REDD+ has a number of opportunities: reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation; work begins afforestation and reforestation for sustainable management of resources leading to job creation and promoting the growth of GDP and exports, increased yield and maintaining greater food needs. The REDD+ can promote the growth of the agricultural gross domestic product. It can contribute to the electrification of households and halve spending dependent on mining and oil and thus generate thousands of jobs in infrastructure. For local and indigenous communities, it can also help to protect and promote the cultures associated with the forest. But, faced with the burdens of legal, political, social, economic, technological and cultural characteristics of the country, these opportunities may be diminished, if not annihilated. Given that most of the deployment of the REDD+ will happen in Congolese rural areas, the major obstacle is the customary law. The solution would be to harmonize the requirements and objectives of REDD+ not only with the Forest Code of 2002 and its implementing rules but also with the customary law which local and indigenous communities identify.

La Thaïlande est un État unitaire et depuis 1892 son administration déconcentrée est assurée par la présence de gouverneurs provinciaux. Or, malgré de nombreuses attributions législatives, l'exercice des fonctions du chef de la province se heurte à plusieurs obstacles dans la pratique. A titre d'exemple, l'unité de commandement du gouverneur provincial était souvent contestée, les pouvoirs qui lui ont été délégués par les autorités centrales étaient inappropriés tant à sa fonction qu'à ses responsabilités. Ceci était une source de lenteur de l'administration provinciale dans son ensemble. Puis, comme la province ne pouvait pas bénéficier directement du budget provenant de l'État car la demande de budget provincial était effectuée au nom de la Direction, les projets réalisés sur place ne convenaient donc pas aux besoins des habitants locaux. Enfin, l'absence de coopération entre les fonctionnaires des différents organes dans la province contribuait alors aux chevauchements des travaux de ces organes et causait par la suite une perte de temps et d'argent pour l'État. Ainsi, lors de la réforme en 2001, le gouvernement de l'époque a introduit au niveau provincial le concept du gouverneur « CEO » et la méthode de la gestion d'intégration (MGI). Le chef de la province endosse alors le rôle du Chief Executive Officer (CEO), de ce fait ses pouvoirs ont été renforcés afin qu'il puisse prendre une décision rapide et efficace en réponse aux problèmes survenus dans sa province à l'instar des CEO dans leurs entreprises. Quant à la province, elle applique la MGI qui est une nouvelle façon de travailler visant à rendre de meilleurs services rendus à la population. / Thailand is a unitary state and since 1892 its deconcentrated administration is ensured by the presence of provincial governors. However, despite numerous attributions recognized by the laws, the provincial governor faces several obstacles in practice. For example, his Unity of Command was often challenged, the powers delegated to him by the central authorities were not only inappropriate to his function but also to his responsibilities. This was actually a source of slowness in provincial administration. Then, because the province could not directly benefit the budget from the State, as the process of demand for provincial budget was conducted on behalf of the Department, the projects that were carried out did not necessarily match up with local's need. Finally, the lack of cooperation between officials of different organs who work in the province contributed to an overlap of works and caused thereafter a waste of time and money to the State. Therefore, during the reform in 2001, the then government introduced the concept of "CEO" provincial governor and the system of "Province's Integrated Management - PIM". The provincial governor endorses hereupon the role of Chief Executive Officer (CEO), for this reason, his powers have been reinforced so that he can make a fast and effective decision in response to problems occurring in his province like the CEOs to their companies. As for the province, the system of PIM is applied and it is a new way of working which aims to provide a better service for the population.

La gestion participative intégrée a obtenu une reconnaissance internationale en Europe avec les approches de gestion intégrée des zones côtières (GIZC). Avec le protocole GIZC de la convention de Barcelone, le mouvement a dépassé les frontières de l'Europe pour inclure tout le bassin méditerranéen. Cette recherche soulève la question de l'application de modèles standardisés de gestion environnementale dans différents contextes géopolitiques et socioculturels. L'objectif global de cette étude est d'améliorer la mise en place et l'impact des projets de conservation par une meilleure compréhension de leurs dimensions sociales, culturelles et géographiques. Cette recherche propose une analyse de la complexité des perceptions socioculturelles et des dynamiques de gouvernances dans deux sites d'étude (la Camargue en France et le Delta du Gediz en Turquie). Quatre-vingt treize entretiens qualitatifs et quantitatifs ont été menés suivant une méthode d'échantillonnage raisonné. L'application possible de la gestion participative intégrée a été envisagée à travers l'optique des réseaux sociaux, des discours environnementaux, et des valeurs et perceptions environnementales en mobilisant les outils de la géo-gouvernance. En utilisant chacun de ces points de vue, nous avons démontré que la participation est considérée, pensée et appliquée de manière différente au sein de chaque site. Ces différences soutiennent l'hypothèse dominante de ce travail : les stratégies environnementales doivent être adaptées pour s'adapter à chaque contexte local. Nos résultats rappellent qu'il ne faut pas survoler les contextes locaux si l'on veut garantir l'efficacité des institutions. / Participatory integrated management gained international recognition in Europe with integrated coastal zone management (ICZM) approaches. The movement has spread beyond the European borders and includes the entire Mediterranean basin with the ICZM Protocol under the Barcelona Convention. This research raises the question on the application of standardized environmental management models in distinct geopolitical and socio-cultural contexts. The overall objective of this analysis is to improve the implementation and impact of conservation projects through an improved understanding of social, cultural and geographical dimensions. This research analyzes the complexity of socio-cultural perceptions and dynamics of environmental governance within and between sites (the Rhone delta, France and the Gediz delta, Turkey). Base lines were established for political and administrative contexts, ecological states and socio-cultural perspectives to analyze the similarities and differences. Ninety three qualitative and quantitative interviews were conducted using a purposive sampling methodology. The potential application of integrated participatory management was studied through the lenses of social networks, environmental discourses, and environmental values and perceptions with a geo-governance approach. Using each of these views, we demonstrated that participation is considered, sought and implemented in distinct ways in each site. These differences support the dominant theme of this work: environmental strategies must be adapted to suit site specific contexts. The results are a reminder that we should not overlook local contexts if we want to promote institutional effectiveness.