[pt] A crescente difusão e aplicação dos processos BIM (Building Information Modeling) na indústria AEC (Arquitetura, Engenharia e Construção) vem agrupando atores das mais variadas disciplinas e lugares em um mesmo projeto. A velocidade com que as informações são passadas atualmente, torna necessária a busca pela maior eficiência na prática do BIM. O fluxo de trabalho necessita ser melhorado para atender á demanda do mercado em prazos cada vez mais curtos. Um dos grandes obstáculos que surge nos processos BIM é a falta de flexibilidade na utilização dos softwares, ocorrendo muitos problemas de incompatibilidade de informações dentro de um projeto. A interoperabilidade passa a ser um assunto mundialmente discutido e buscado. Foi criado um formato neutro para intercâmbio de informações nas indústrias AEC, o Industry Foundation Classes (IFC). A dificuldade ocorre na criação, adoção e implementação de um formato que consiga representar de maneira correta os mais variados elementos relacionados às diferentes disciplinas envolvidas no projeto. Este trabalho tem como objetivo a avaliação da interoperabilidade nos processos BIM utilizando um modelo físico-estrutural de concreto armado e o IFC como formato neutro de troca de informação. Analisa de forma relativa a eficiência com que as informações são trocadas entre as diferentes ferramentas computacionais utilizadas, com ênfase na Análise Estrutural. / [en] The increasing di↵usion and application of BIM (Building Information Modeling) processes in the AEC (Architecture, Engineering and Construction) industry has been gathering different actors in a variety of disciplines and from different places in the same project. The speed with which information is passed today demands the search for greater efficiency in the BIM practice. The workflow needs to be improved to meet market demand in increasingly short deadlines. One of the major obstacles that arise in the BIM process is the lack of flexibility in the use of programs, occurring many information incompatibility issues within a project. Interoperability becomes a subject discussed around the world and pursued. A neutral format was created to exchange information in the AEC industry, the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC). The difficulty occurs in the creation, adoption and implementation of a format that can represent correctly the various elements related to the di↵erent disciplines involved in the project. This work aims to evaluate the interoperability in BIM processes using a reinforced concrete physical-structural model using the IFC as a neutral format for information exchange. Analyzes the efficiency with which information is exchanged between different computer tools, emphasizing the Structural Analysis.

128 p. / Submitted by Santiago Fabio (fabio.ssantiago@hotmail.com) on 2012-12-20T20:35:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 4444.pdf: 2433786 bytes, checksum: 63ba1e74175593fc2e174750990b233d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-12-20T20:35:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 4444.pdf: 2433786 bytes, checksum: 63ba1e74175593fc2e174750990b233d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar os fatores condicionantes de interoperabilidade de Governo Eletrônico existentes em quatro Unidades da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz) e de que forma estes fatores podem influenciar no processo de adoção da arquitetura de interoperabilidade do Governo Brasileiro (e-PING) nestas Unidades. O método utilizado nesta pesquisa baseia-se na estratégia de estudo de casos múltiplos, com abordagem qualitativa e método dedutivo. O processo de implementação da interoperabilidade foi analisado sob diferentes perspectivas, representado por meio das sete dimensões que compõem o modelo de análise: Arquitetura de Negócios, Governança e Liderança, Gestão Estratégica, Gestão Operacional, Política de Informação, Colaboração Inter-Organizacional e Prontidão Tecnológica. A etapa de coleta de dados envolveu pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, entrevistas semi-estruturadas, questionário online e questionário enviado por email, além de observação direta. Para a coleta dos 25 indicadores foi necessário dividir o trabalho em três fases. Na primeira foram encaminhados 11 questionários online para os analistas e gerentes das subáreas de TI das Unidades. A seguir foram realizadas as observações diretas e entrevistas semi-estruturadas com 10 dos 11 respondentes da amostra. Com os resultados das duas primeiras etapas foi feita a identificação dos fatores condicionantes da interoperabilidade. A última etapa do trabalho buscou identificar os padrões adotados e recomendados pela e-PING nas Unidades estudadas. Assim, um questionário com um checklist contendo esses padrões foi enviado aos coordenadores de TI das Unidades que identificaram quais estão em uso na Unidade. Os resultados obtidos revelaram que, em todas a Unidades pesquisadas, a dimensão mais presente é a Arquitetura de Negócios, ligada a aspectos políticos e organizacionais da interoperabilidade, colocados na literatura como os mais difíceis de serem superados para o estabelecimento da interoperabilidade. A pesquisa identificou também a necessidade de maior interação entre as Unidades da Fiocruz, padronização das ferramentas de TI e estruturas de dados, além da definição de uma política institucional que apóie essas iniciativas de padronização. / Salvador

Foi demonstrada a viabilidade de utilização da biblioteca GDAL/OGR, por meio do seu emprego em processos de conversão sintática entre formatos de dados matriciais e vetoriais controlados, amplamente utilizados nas práticas profissional e de pesquisa em Geografia, Cartografia e Geoprocessamento. Os dados convertidos e processados foram analisados comparativamente em seus parâmetros geométricos, topológicos, alfanuméricos e de referência espacial, de modo a identificar se existiram perdas ou manutenção de informações nesses indicadores. No caso da existência de perdas, foram empregados recursos disponíveis na biblioteca para ajustes nos parâmetros indicados, de modo a tentar retornar ao conteúdo de dados dos arquivos originais. Finalmente, foi apresentada uma metodologia para a superação de desafios de integração de dados geoespaciais em SIG, por meio do emprego de sistemas de uso livre no campo do Geoprocessamento. / It was demonstrated the feasibility of using the GDAL / OGR library, through its usage in syntax conversion processes between raster and vector controlled data formats, widely used in professional practice and research in Geography, Cartography and Geomatics. The translated data were processed and analyzed comparatively in its geometrical, topological, alphanumeric and spatial reference parameters in order to determine if there were any loss or maintenance information on such indicators. In the case of losses, library resources were used into the indicated parameters in order to try to return to the original data files content. Finally, we presented a methodology for overcoming geospatial data integration challenges in GIS, through the use of free softwares in the field.

Orientador: Claudia Maria Bauzer Medeiros / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T08:58:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PastorelloJunior_GilbertoZonta_M.pdf: 2528977 bytes, checksum: 2357e66378967391c166a97769e6824d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Resumo: Atividades científicas envolvem processos complexos e, frequentemente, diversos especialistas. Além disso, são multidisciplinares e exigem trabalho cooperativo. Isso traz à tona uma série de problemas em Ciência da Computação para apoiar esse trabalho, indo desde a gestão de dados e processos até interfaces adequadas para aplicativos. Esta dissertação contribui na direção do provimento de soluções para alguns desses problemas. Seu foco é em aprimorar os mecanismos de documentação de processos e em possibilitar sua publicação e integração na Web. Isso facilita a especificação e execução de processos distribuídos na Web e o reuso dessas especificações. O trabalho desenvolvido se apóia em padrões da Web Semântica, visando interoperabilidade, e no uso de workflows cientificos para modelar os processos e sua utilização na Web. As principais contribuições deste trabalho são: (i) um modelo de dados, tendo em vista padrões da Web Semântica, para representar workflows científicos e seu armazenamento em bancos de dados. O modelo induz uma metodologia de especificações de workflows que facilita seu reuso e integração; (ii) uma análise comparativa das propostas de padrões para representar workflows em XML; (iii) a proposta de uma arquitetura voltada para a Web para o gerenciamento de documentos (workflows, principalmente); e, (iv) a implementação parcial dessa proposta de arquitetura. O trabalho utiliza como domínio alvo a área de planejamento ambiental, para elucidar requisitos e validar a proposta / Abstract: Scientific activities involve complex multidisciplinary processes and demand cooperative work. This entails a series of open problems in supporting this work ranging from data and process management to appropriate user interfaces for softwares. This work contributes in providing solutions to some of these problems. It focuses on improving the documentation mechanisms of processes and making it possible to publish and integrate them on the Web. This eases the specification and execution of distributed processes on the Web as well as the reuse of these especifications. The work was based on Semantic Web standards aiming at interoperability and the use of scientific workflows for modeling processes and using them on the Web. The main contributions of this work are: (i) a data model, which takes Semantic Web standards into consideration, for representing scientific workflows and storing them in a database. The model induces a workflow specification method that favors reuse and integration of these specifications; (ii) a comparative analysis of standards proposals for representing workflows in XML; (iii) the proposal of a Webcentered architecture for the management of documents (mainly workflows); and, (iv) the partial implementation of this architecture. The work uses as a motivation the area of environmental planning as a means to elucidate requirements and validate the proposal / Mestrado / Sistemas de Informação / Mestre em Ciência da Computação

The thesis deals with the topic of Digital Rights Management (DRM), more specifically the innovation trends within DRM. It is focused on three driving forces of DRM. Firstly, DRM technologies, secondly, DRM standards and thirdly, DRM interoperability. These driving forces are discussed and analyzed in order to explore innovation trends within DRM. In the end, a multi-facetted overview of today’s DRM context is formed. One conclusion is that the aspect of Intellectual Property Rights is considered to be an important indicator of the direction DRM innovation is heading. / Uppsatsen behandlar ämnet Digital Rights Management (DRM), mer specifikt innovationstrenderna inom DRM. Fokus är på tre drivkrafter i DRM. För det första, DRM teknologier, för det andra, DRM standarder, och för det tredje, DRM interoperabilitet. Dessa drivkrafter diskuteras och analyseras för att kunna utforska innovationstrenderna inom DRM. Avslutningsvis formas en multifacetterad översikt av dagens DRM-kontext. En slutsats är att aspekten av Intellectual Property Rights anses vara en viktig indikator av den riktning som DRM innovationen går mot.

IEC 61850 standards are the global standard for communication in substations. It is gaining popularity in power substation automation and will dominate the future substation automation and protection system design. The standards provide new approaches for protection, control and metering function via communication. The secondary circuits in substation are simplified significantly and the massive hardwired cables are replaced by the high-speed process bus which transmit analogue and binary signals with Ethernet messages. However, the conformity of a device with the standards does not necessarily guarantee the interoperability with devices from different manufacturers. The use of devices compatible with IEC 61850 standards presents a challenge to many system integrators, especially due to lack of familiarity with features such as Generic Object Oriented Substation Event (GOOSE), reporting, Sampled Values and the need for system redundancy. To facilitate a smooth implementation, all the features and the data exchanges between devices need to be tested to ensure the system operates correctly. This project was carried out to study the protection performance of secondary schemes with IEC 61850 process bus architecture in substation. The tests were performed including current differential protection and distance protection on a transmission substation of the type used in the UK on the transmission network. The protection schemes were tested under IEC 61850 environment with multi-vendor IEDs like Alstom MiCOM IEDs, NARI IEDs with the OMICRON test set. More tests were carried out to verify the interoperability and the performance of time-critical messages were evaluated under different network architectures. The impact of the background traffic on these two messages was investigated and the response of the IEDs when the Sampled Values packets were lost or overwritten was recorded and provided to utility as a reference. This project also presented a technique to assess the performance of Merging Units from different manufacturers, when operating with Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) performing a distance protection function. The performance of the process bus with parallel redundancy protocol is evaluated using a closed loop approach involving a Real Time Digital Simulator. The results indicate that protection using process bus communication is feasible, and meets grid code requirements when implemented with commercially available products. It was found that process bus operation is robust, even with network traffic conditions far beyond what would be experienced in an active substation.

L'interopérabilité devrait être officiellement reconnue, aujourd'hui, comme un droit du consommateur : elle répond à ses besoins de maîtriser ses données, ainsi que d'interconnecter ses outils numériques. Ce droit devrait être opposable aux sujets passifs que sont les éditeurs de logiciels et de contenus numériques. Cependant, le corpus juridique actuel, comprenant essentiellement une obligation d'information précontractuelle et une obligation de ne pas faire obstacle à l'interopérabilité, ne permet pas la mise en œuvre effective de ce droit. Il semble donc nécessaire de formuler des propositions de révision des textes existants, dans la préservation d'un équilibre avec la protection du droit d'auteur et des droits voisins. En premier lieu, s'agissant de l'obligation d'information, les modifications doivent viser à la systématisation de l'information précontractuelle relativement à l'interopérabilité logicielle, à la charge des sujets passifs du droit. En second lieu, s'agissant de l'obligation de ne pas faire obstacle à l'interopérabilité, les propositions doivent avoir pour objet l'instauration d'une réelle obligation de faire, relativement à la mise en œuvre de l'interopérabilité, ce selon deux axes : une obligation de recourir à un format ouvert et non protégé de données ; l'établissement d'une responsabilité de plein droit concernant cette obligation de mise en œuvre effective de l'interopérabilité. / Today, interoperability should be formally recognized as a consumers' right: it meets their needs to control their data, and to interconnect their digital tools. This right should be enforceable against publishers of software and digital contents, considered as passive subjects. However, the current legal corpus, which actually only comprises a pre-contractual information requirement and an obligation not to obstruct interoperability, does not allow for an effective implementation of this right. It therefore seems necessary to make proposals for the revision of existing texts, which would preserve a balance with the protection of copyright and related rights. First, with regard to the information requirement, the changes should be aimed at a systematization of pre-contractual information regarding software interoperability, implemented by the passive subjects of law. Second, with regard to the obligation not to obstruct interoperability, proposals must aim at the establishment of a real obligation to act, with respect to the implementation of interoperability, in two ways : a requirement to use open and unprotected data formats ; the establishment of a strict liability to ensure an effective implementation of interoperability.

The main topic of this thesis is the application of best practice methodology to the development of services in public administration and e-Government. The work focuses on interoperable services that can be integrated across departments of public administration or businesses in the private sector. In section 2 we describe the various aspects influencing the development of interoperable services in public administration using the European Interoperability Framework (EIF) as a basis for classifying interoperability dimensions. Section 3 evaluates current state of services in public administration focusing on information interoperability that addresses syntactic, structural and semantic heterogeneity. We have found that Services of Public Administration Portal (PVS) suffer from high levels of structural and syntactic heterogeneity, and we discuss possible ways to standardize service interfaces in public administration in order to improve interoperability. Creation of standardized library of services has been proposed as a possible way forward. In section 4 of the thesis we propose a methodological framework for the development of e-Government services using the best practices methods identified in the private sector domain. The main emphasis is placed on library services and its role in the lifecycle of services. Stages of lifecycle of services are decomposed into sub-phases so that they match phases in the MMDIS methodology.

Avec l’émergence du "Cloud-computing" et des applications mobiles, il est possible de trouver un service web répondant à presque tout besoin. De plus, les développeurs peuvent créer des applications complexes en combinant différents services indépendants, dont l’agencement et l’exécution peuvent être automatisés avec l’aide de langages d’orchestration. Cependant, la diversité des technologies et le manque de standardisation peuvent entraver la collaboration entre services. Un exemple de cette limitation est le cas de la gestion des photos avec des services tels que Flickr et Picasa, qui diffèrent non seulement sur la façon dont les photos sont organisées mais aussi sur les services qu’ils fournissent. L’hétérogénéité de ces deux services conduit à des problèmes d’interopérabilité, à savoir dans l’adaptation, l’intégration et la coordination. Nous proposons un framework pour aider à la résolution de ces problèmes, sous la forme d’une architecture qui intègre différents langages d’orchestration avec des fournisseurs de services hétérogènes autour d’un langage pivot. Comme langage pivot, nous proposons le langage d’orchestration Criojo qui implémente et étend le Heta-calcul, un calcul original associé à une machine chimique abstraite dédié à l’orchestration de services. En adoptant cette approche l’interopérabilité entre les services et les langages d’orchestration sera améliorée, facilitant ainsi le développement des services composites. Le haut niveau d’abstraction de Criojo pourrait permettre aux développeurs d’écrire des orchestrations très concises puisque les échanges de messages sont représentés d’une manière naturelle et intuitive. / With the emergence of cloud computing and mobile applications, it is possible to find a web service for almost everything. Moreover, developers can create complex applications by combining several independent services, whose arrangement and execution can be automated with the aid of orchestration languages. Nevertheless, the diversity of technologies and the lack of standardization can hinder the collaboration between services. An example of this limitation is the case of photo management with services such as Flickr and Picasa,which not only differ on the way photos are organized, but also in the services they provide. The heterogeneity of the two services leads to interoperability problems, namely adaptation, integration and coordination problems. We propose a framework for helping at the resolution of these issues, in the form of an architecture that integrates different orchestration languages with heterogeneous service providers around a pivot language. As a pivot language we propose an orchestration language based on the chemical programming paradigm. Concretely, this dissertation presents the language Criojo that implements and extends the Heta-calculus, an original calculus associated to a chemical abstract machine dedicated to service-oriented computing. The consequence of adopting this approach would bean improvement in the interoperability of services and orchestration languages, thus easing the development of composite services. The high level of abstraction of Criojo could allow developers to write very concise orchestrations since message exchanges are represented in a natural and intuitive way.

The South African Constitution advocates the protection of personal information. Everyone has the right to privacy. This includes the protection of special information that relates to an individual’s biometrics, health, religion, or sex life, to name a few. This special information may be processed if it is necessary in law; if it is being processed for historical purposes; or if it has already been disseminated in public by the data subject If the aforementioned conditions are not met, the processing of special information is prohibited, unless the data subject has provided consent. Given that health information is regarded as special information, consent must be obtained from the data subject before it is processed. If the special information is accessed by unauthorised parties it may influence decisions about the data subject’s employment, access to credit, and education, and may even cause reputational or personal harm. This research proposes an e-consent management approach which preserves the privacy of health information. The utilisation of privacy laws and guidelines such as, but not limited to, the Protection of Personal Information Act and the General Data Protection Regulation are used to develop a privacy preserving e-consent model, architectural design and prototype. / Dissertation (MSc (Computer Science))--University of Pretoria, 2020. / Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) / Computer Science / MSc (Computer Science) / Unrestricted