Abstract This study explores the socio-cognitive and socio-emotional activities of teacher education students in collaborative learning, how the students interpret their activities and how the activities influence collaborative learning. The study consists of two empirical studies, which are reported in four articles. The first study focuses on knowledge co-construction in face-to-face interactions enhanced with cognitive tools and pictorial knowledge representations. The second study explores groups’ monitoring activities in collaborative interaction, along with challenges and socio-emotional conflicts in collaborative learning. The data collection methods include video observations, video-stimulated recall interviews and pre- and post-knowledge tests. The results indicate that collaborative learning is a cognitively and emotionally challenging learning process. The way in which group members share and develop their ideas depends on how actively they monitor their own and each other’s evolving understanding. However, monitoring cognitive activities as a group is only one part of effective and enjoyable learning. Troubled interaction can create a socio-emotionally unbalanced group climate, and can endanger effective collaborative learning unless group members are capable of regulating their emotional experiences and expression of their emotions. Therefore, in addition to effective knowledge co-construction, effective collaborative learning requires that group members proactively monitor their own and each other’s shared learning activities at both cognitive and emotional levels. The findings of this study contribute to the understanding of how individuals learn together as a group. Methodologically, this study provides several process-oriented analysis schemas for analysing socio-cognitive and socio-emotional activities within collaborative learning. Practically, this study offers teachers and educational professionals ideas for the design of collaborative learning environments. / Tiivistelmä Väitöstutkimus tarkastelee opettajaksi opiskelevien yhteisöllistä oppimista sosiokognitiivisena ja sosioemotionaalisena vuorovaikutusprosessina. Tutkimuskohteina ovat yhteisöllinen tiedonrakentelu, yhteisöllisen oppimisen haasteet ja ryhmän toiminta sosioemotionaalisessa konfliktitilanteessa. Yhteenvedossa tarkastellaan sitä, mitä yhteisöllisen oppimisen aikana tapahtuu, miten opiskelijat tulkitsevat prosessinaikaisia toimintoja ja miten ne vaikuttavat oppimistilanteeseen. Tutkimus koostuu kahdesta osatutkimuksesta, joiden tulokset on raportoitu neljässä artikkelissa. Väitöstyö on luonteeltaan design-tutkimus, jossa ilmiötä tarkastellaan aidoissa, etukäteen pedagogisesti suunnitelluissa ja tieto- ja viestintäteknologiaa hyödyntävissä oppimistilanteissa. Tutkimusaineisto koostuu videoiduista ryhmätilanteista, opiskelijoiden haastatteluista sekä oppimistesteistä, joilla mitattiin opiskelijoiden sisällöllistä ymmärrystä. Lisäksi sosioemotionaalisen vuorovaikutuksen analyysia syvennettiin menetelmällä, jossa opiskelijoiden haastattelua stimuloitiin videon avulla. Tutkimustulokset osoittavat, että tiedonrakentelun yhteinen säätely edesauttaa yhteisöllistä oppimista. Tehokas ja mielekäs yhteisöllinen oppiminen edellyttää, että ryhmän jäsenet monitoroivat, kuinka ymmärrys tehtävästä ja sisällöstä kehittyy, kuinka mielenkiinto säilyy ja kuinka ryhmä etenee. Kognitiivisten prosessien ohella opiskelijoiden tulee tarkkailla oppimistaan sosioemotionaalisesta näkökulmasta. Ryhmien on tärkeä arvioida ja säädellä työskentelyään siten, että sosioemotionaalinen ilmapiiri säilyy yhteisölliselle oppimiselle suotuisana. Väitöstutkimuksen tulokset lisäävät teoreettista ymmärrystä yhteisöllisen oppimisen mahdollisuuksista ja haasteista. Tutkimus myös edistää prosessiorientoituneiden tutkimusmenetelmien kehittämistä. Lisäksi tulosten perusteella voidaan kehittää korkeakouluopetusta ja erityisesti opettajankoulutusta. Tutkimukseen suunnitellut oppimisympäristöt tarjoavat konkreettisia ideoita, joilla voidaan tukea yksilöllisiä ja sosiaalisesti jaettuja oppimisprosesseja.

With this study, we intend to seek knowledge about how educators perceive and relate to norm conflicts in preschool. The aim of the study is to focus on what educators say about norm conflicts based on their work and how they believe that they can create relationships between children and their parents and colleagues among themselves. In this study, we have chosen to start from the following questions: How do educators perceive norm conflicts, what are they about and how can they arise? How do norm conflicts affect the work of educators in preschool activities? What do educators think is needed to deal with norm conflicts? We have chosen to do a qualitative study based on qualitative interviews with eight educatorsin preschools located in different geographical areas in Stockholm - Sweden. By educators we mean four preschool teachers and four educator workers. The result of our study is based on analyses from the social constructivist theory and perpectives on interculturality. Social constructivist theory is a social science perspective that has its basis on people reproducing new perceptions of reality and self-understanding in interaction with each other and with the environment around them. Interculturality can be explained by Pirjo Lahdenperä as a social interaction, a process, or an overstep, since "inter" means interpersonal interaction and"culture" means meaning systems of meaning, which gives meaning and a special focus in aperson's life. The result of the study shows that all informants, regardless of position, are aware of the meaning of norms and values and agree that everyone should start from everyone's equalvalue. The social consensus theory that has helped us to understand the informants' different perceptions of norm conflicts that were highlighted as social phenomena, from the linguistic interaction to understand why individuals clash with norm conflicts due to language difficulties and misconceptions in communication in collegiate work.

The literature concerning what medical students learn from midwives during specialist obstetric rotations is scarce. In the UK, despite a long tradition of providing midwifery attachments for medical students, it is almost non-existent. Working with midwives is arguably the only opportunity medical students have to experience holistic or social models of maternity care, focusing on normality rather than on the medical concept of risk. This study sought to discover how medical students constructed their knowledge about childbirth during a six week specialist rotation in obstetrics in a Northern English teaching hospital (NETH), with particular emphasis on whether participants assimilated any concepts from midwifery knowledge (MK). A Delphi Study, done as the first phase of the research, focused on MK, utilizing an international sample of experienced midwives. Resulting themes were used to develop the data collection tool for the second phase of the research. The research employed a qualitative case study method with students from a single year cohort comprising the case. Data were collected using a tool consisting of three problem based learning (PBL) scenarios. These were presented to the students in consecutive interviews at the beginning, the middle and the end of their obstetric rotation. Following analysis, five main themes were identified which illuminated the medical students' construction of knowledge about maternity care. These were explored and discussed. The thesis concludes with recommendations for increasing opportunities for IPE in the medical and midwifery curricula.

Neste estudo, propõe-se compreender como a organização do currículo concorre para a construção do conhecimento no âmbito da formação inicial de professores de Geografia, tendo como referência empírica a Licenciatura em Geografia da Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI). Diante disso, entre as várias possibilidades de análise desse objeto de estudo, opta-se por focar três aspectos inerentes à organização do currículo da Licenciatura em Geografia da UFPI: o campo de produção, a história e a lógica de estrutura e funcionamento do referido currículo. Assim, objetiva-se: 1) caracterizar o campo de produção do currículo da Licenciatura em Geografia da UFPI, identificando os conhecimentos que são selecionados como referência para sua organização, bem como as relações, tensões e convergências que se estabelecem nesse movimento; 2) examinar a história do currículo da Licenciatura em Geografia da UFPI, descrevendo suas trajetórias, contextos e processos de (re) formulação; e 3) investigar a lógica de estrutura e funcionamento do currículo da Licenciatura em Geografia da UFPI, evidenciando os modos de pensar e fazer dos professores formadores acerca da organização do currículo. Para tanto, são analisadas fontes documentais (leis, decretos, pareceres, resoluções...), produzidas no esfera do Ministério da Educação (MEC) e do Conselho Nacional de Educação (CNE), como as diretrizes nacionais para formação inicial de professores da educação básica (Parecer CNE nº 9/2001 e Resolução CNE nº 1/2002) e as diretrizes para os cursos de graduação em Geografia (Parecer CNE nº 492/2001 e Resolução CNE nº 14/2002), e na esfera da Licenciatura em Geografia/UFPI, como propostas de reformulação do currículo, projetos pedagógicos de curso e programas de disciplinas; além de fontes orais, geradas por meio de entrevistas com professores do curso em questão, à propósito de seus modos de pensar e fazer relativos à organização do currículo. Parte-se da hipótese de que há um campo de produção da formação docente, no qual ocorre a organização do currículo da Licenciatura em Geografia da UFPI, regido por regras (ou leis) próprias, mas que, por homologia, pode ser explicado mediante as propriedades ou leis invariantes dos campos, conforme proposição de Pierre Bourdieu dentro de sua teoria geral dos campos. Os resultados evidenciam que o campo da formação docente em Geografia se constitui na confluência de, pelo menos, três outros espaços ou microcosmos sociais específicos (o educacional, o científico da ciência geográfica e o universitário), de modo que a organização do currículo da Licenciatura em Geografia tem como referências uma variedade de conhecimentos e/ou geografias, entre as quais se incluem a Geografia Acadêmica/ Universitária e suas especialidades (Geografia Física, Geografia Humana, Ensino de Geografia), Geografia Escolar, conhecimentos das ciências da educação e saberes docentes (como os saberes da prática e da experiência). Em face das condições de produção desse campo, há, no mínimo, indícios de que a estrutura e funcionamento do currículo da Licenciatura em Geografia da UFPI se fundamenta na dualidade/setorização da Geografia Acadêmica/Universitária, o que repercute nas experiências de formação e, consequentemente, na construção do conhecimento dos futuros professores de Geografia. / This research aims to understand how the curriculum organization contributes to the construction of knowledge in the qualification of Geography teachers, using as empirical reference the teacher training Degree in Geography from Federal University of Piauí (UFPI). Specifically, the objective of this study is to: 1) characterize the background of teacher preparation programs in Brazil, seeking references from the Bachelor\'s curriculum organization in Geography; 2) examine the organization of the degree curriculum in Geography at UFPI, describing its trajectories, contexts and processes; and 3) analyze the logical curriculum structure of the Bachelor Degree in Geography at UFPI, highlighting the established relationships, tensions and convergences in this specific field and how it contributes to the construction of knowledge for future teachers of Geography. To achieve it, documentary sources are analyzed (laws, decrees, opinions, resolutions ...), produced under the Ministry of Education (MEC) and the National Education Council (CNE), as the national guidelines for initial teacher training on basic education (Resolutions CNE No. 9/2001 and No. 1/2002 CNE) and the guidelines for undergraduate courses in Geography (Resolutions CNE No. 492/2001 and No. 14/2002 CNE), and other elements within the Bachelor Degree in Geography at UFPI, as some curriculum reorganization demands, educational course projects and course programs; besides oral sources, generated by interviews with teachers of the course in bold, about the purpose of their conceptions and practices relating to the curriculum organization. It starts with the hypothesis that there is a production field focused on teacher training, where the organization\'s Degree curriculum in Geography UFPI happens, governed by its own rules (or laws), but can be explained by \"homology\" as the system of invariant field laws, as Pierre Bourdieu proposition according to his \"general theory of fields\". The results show that the field of teacher qualification in geography is constituted in the confluence of at least three other spaces or specific social microcosms (the educational, the scientific - of geographical science - and the academic), so that the curriculum organization in Geography brings about references a variety of skills and geographies, among which is included the Academic Geography and its specialtizations (Physical Geography, Human Geography, Geography for Education), School Geography, knowledges of the sciences of education and teachers\' understadings (the knowledge of the experience, for example). Given the production conditions of this field, there is at least reasonable evidence that the structure and working of the curriculum in Geography at UFPI is based on the duality/sectorization of Academic/University Geography, which resonates strongly in the educational training experiences and, consequently, in the construction of knowledge by future teachers of Geography.

O presente projeto de pesquisa tem por objetivo investigar como acontece a construção de conhecimento por meio da ação mediada entre crianças, adolescentes e pesquisadora no desenvolvimento de um blog pedagógico-literário. Essa investigação, com base nos conceitos da pesquisa etnográfica de caráter participativo, partiu de dados coletados em uma oficina semanal e sistemática que ocorreu entre Setembro de 2006 a Novembro de 2007 com leitores da Biblioteca Pública Belmonte, no bairro de Santo Amaro, na cidade de São Paulo. As interações entre os participantes e entrevistas individuais foram gravadas em vídeo e transcritas para descrição e análise. A interação que emergiu entre os participantes da pesquisa situa-se nos princípios do Construtivismo Comunal (Holmes, 2001), em que aprendizes constroem conhecimento que poderá ser revertido para a comunidade. Conclui-se, ao final desta pesquisa que os participantes, após a aquisição de conhecimento que os possibilite criar, editar e manter blogs, possam utilizar essa tecnologia de forma autônoma, criando novas redes de aprendizagem colaborativa como ferramenta cultural de uso, autoria e desenvolvimento de novos conhecimentos / This research project investigates how knowledge is constructed by mediated actions between children, adolescents and researcher in the development of a pedagogical-literary blog. This study, based on the concepts of participative ethnographic research started from data collected in a systematic weekly workshop that occurred between September 2006 to November 2007 with readers at Belmonte Public Library, in the district of Santo Amaro, in the city of São Paulo. Interaction between participants and individual interviews were recorded on video and transcribed for description and analysis. Interaction that emerged from participants of this research is consistent with the principles of Communal Constructivism (Holmes, 2001), in which learners construct knowledge that may be used in benefit of their learning community. The analysis leads to the conclusion that research participants, after having acquired knowledge that empowers them to create, edit and maintain blogs, can make use of this new technology autonomously, creating new networks of collaborative learning as a cultural tool of use, authoring and development of new knowledge

O presente projeto de pesquisa tem por objetivo investigar como acontece a construção de conhecimento por meio da ação mediada entre crianças, adolescentes e pesquisadora no desenvolvimento de um blog pedagógico-literário. Essa investigação, com base nos conceitos da pesquisa etnográfica de caráter participativo, partiu de dados coletados em uma oficina semanal e sistemática que ocorreu entre Setembro de 2006 a Novembro de 2007 com leitores da Biblioteca Pública Belmonte, no bairro de Santo Amaro, na cidade de São Paulo. As interações entre os participantes e entrevistas individuais foram gravadas em vídeo e transcritas para descrição e análise. A interação que emergiu entre os participantes da pesquisa situa-se nos princípios do Construtivismo Comunal (Holmes, 2001), em que aprendizes constroem conhecimento que poderá ser revertido para a comunidade. Conclui-se, ao final desta pesquisa que os participantes, após a aquisição de conhecimento que os possibilite criar, editar e manter blogs, possam utilizar essa tecnologia de forma autônoma, criando novas redes de aprendizagem colaborativa como ferramenta cultural de uso, autoria e desenvolvimento de novos conhecimentos / This research project investigates how knowledge is constructed by mediated actions between children, adolescents and researcher in the development of a pedagogical-literary blog. This study, based on the concepts of participative ethnographic research started from data collected in a systematic weekly workshop that occurred between September 2006 to November 2007 with readers at Belmonte Public Library, in the district of Santo Amaro, in the city of São Paulo. Interaction between participants and individual interviews were recorded on video and transcribed for description and analysis. Interaction that emerged from participants of this research is consistent with the principles of Communal Constructivism (Holmes, 2001), in which learners construct knowledge that may be used in benefit of their learning community. The analysis leads to the conclusion that research participants, after having acquired knowledge that empowers them to create, edit and maintain blogs, can make use of this new technology autonomously, creating new networks of collaborative learning as a cultural tool of use, authoring and development of new knowledge

O mote central da investigação é a dança-teatro e suas possibilidades pedagógicas. O estudo tem por objetivo extrair princípios pedagógicos em dança-teatro a partir de premissas de criação da coreógrafa alemã Pina Bausch e do documentário Sonhos em Movimento (2010), dirigido por Anne Linsel e Rainer Hoffmann, que mostra o desenvolvimento do trabalho de Bausch com jovens, na remontagem do espetáculo Kontakthof (2008). De modo geral, pretende-se evidenciar a dança-teatro como elemento de conhecimento humano, através da educação. Como campo teórico relacionado à dança-teatro são estudados diversos autores brasileiros e estrangeiros que abordam o processo cênico de Bausch. Referente à noção de “juventudes”, são trazidos autores que discutem a relação do jovem com seu meio social, sua criação de identidade e sua corporeidade. Para tratar de conceitos pedagógicos são utilizados escritos de Jacques Rancière, Fernando Becker, Vera Lúcia Bertoni dos Santos, João Pedro Gil e Odailso Berté, dentre outros. Através dos depoimentos dos jovens participantes do documentário pode-se identificar que, mesmo sem este fim, a proposta de Bausch possibilita neles uma nova visão de si perante seu cotidiano a partir da entrada no universo da arte, gerando construção de conhecimento por meio da poética artística. Para finalizar o estudo foi desenvolvida uma oficina com jovens, que gerou o compartilhamento das descobertas da investigação, possibilitando o relato dos participantes acerca de seus aprendizados junto à proposta pedagógica em dança-teatro. / The central theme of the investigation is Dance Theatre and its pedagogical possibilities. This study aims to extract the pedagogical principles of Dance Theatre from creation premises of the German choreographer Pina Bausch and from the documentary Dancing Dreams (2010), directed by Anne Linsel and Rainer Hoffmann, which shows the development of Bausch's work with young people in the recreation of the spectacle Kontakthof (2008). In general, this investigation intends to consolidate Dance Theatre as an element of human knowledge, through education. As theoretical field related to Dance Theatre, several Brazilian and foreign authors dedicated to Bausch's scenic process are studied. Concerning the notion of "youths", we brought authors that discuss young people's relations with their social environment, with the creation of their identity and with their corporeity. To deal with Pedagogy concepts it is used writings of Jacques Rancière, Fernando Becker, Vera Lúcia Bertoni dos Santos, João Pedro Gil, Odailso Berté, among others. Through the testimonies of the young participants of the documentary it can be identified that, even without that intention, Bausch's proposition promotes a new view of themselves towards their daily lives, through their entrance in the Art world, generating the construction of knowledge through the artistic poetics. To end the study, there was a workshop with young people, which made it possible to share the research findings, allowing the participants to report their learnings along with the pedagogical proposition of Dance Theatre.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-11-29T17:27:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - Ivaldo Jos? da Silva.pdf: 36618657 bytes, checksum: 428b35f4aa0bf23daa7adf9b14b4e7ef (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-29T17:27:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - Ivaldo Jos? da Silva.pdf: 36618657 bytes, checksum: 428b35f4aa0bf23daa7adf9b14b4e7ef (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-21 / Research in Environmental Education Criticizes aims to construct and reflective critique of knowledge allowing individuals greater contextualisation-environmental relations and consequent changes, in attitudes towards collective transformation of reality. The municipality of Z? Doca, regional pole of Turi, located east of the State of Maranh?o, in the Northeast region near the border with the State of Par?, is responsibility to articulate educational actions, political and economic, social and environmental development of over 17 other municipalities in the region. It was found that municipalities the environmental sanitation and water treatment is performed unsatisfactorily and precarious, signaling the need for sustained research-driven actions on the principles of education Wake up in the population capable environmental more questioning and intervention in the local reality. This research aimed to instigate critical knowledge construction to allow greater local perception of reality, associated with insertion technique feasibility research, Community research, alternative technology of water treatment based on ultraviolet radiation-UV Tube. The Methodological development used by this social research was action research procedures where awareness, dynamic cooking workshops, adaptation and installation of UV Tube, meetings and other educational practices addressed the theme of water treatment, social issues, environment and health, among other correlated in a participative manner, reflective and harmonic among respondents and researchers. The search area was chosen as the community of rural settlement good hope, located in Z? Doca, where were installed and evaluated 05 (five) UV Tube units. Data collection took place 64 (sixty-four) interviews and questionnaires applied before the dynamics of awareness and at the end of the whole educational process in order to identify improvement in the perception of the community in relation to the subject dealt with and the local reality, and consequential changes in attitudes. The treatment of data collected in the questionnaires presented variables that were tested with the non-parametric test of Chi-square and other calculated averages of answers with their respective standard deviations and their minimum and maximum values. The results indicated favourable conditions for the adaptation and insertion of the UV tube technology showing economic viability and operational compared to similar projects successfully installed in other countries, especially the acceptance of the proposal and the ease of access to the materials needed to manufacture of UV Tube. As the analysis of educational activities related to the thematic discussion addressed significant responses were expansions and modifications in order to understand the local reality criticizes pointing, including changes to posture that assisted the search for better quality of life for the community. It is concluded that the implementation of concrete action of insertion of the UV Tube use, Dialogic and critical process of construction of knowledge based on the intrinsic relationship between action and reflection associated with the permissive criticizes of knowledge built by researched and researchers was the recipe to achieve the objectives of the survey. / A pesquisa em Educa??o Ambiental Cr?tica visa ? constru??o reflexiva e cr?tica de conhecimentos, permitindo aos indiv?duos maior contextualiza??o das rela??es socioambientais e consequentes mudan?as de atitudes voltadas para transforma??o coletiva da realidade. O munic?pio de Z? Doca, p?lo regional do Alto Turi, localizado a leste do Estado do Maranh?o, pr?ximo a divisa com o Estado do Par? ? respons?vel em articular a??es educacionais, socioambientais, pol?ticas e econ?micas para o desenvolvimento de mais 17 outros munic?pios da regi?o. Verificou-se que nestes munic?pios o saneamento ambiental e, principalmente, o tratamento de ?gua, s?o realizados de forma insuficiente e prec?ria, sinalizando a necessidade de a??es orientadas por pesquisas sustentadas nos princ?pios de uma Educa??o Ambiental capaz de despertar na popula??o maior problematiza??o e interven??o na realidade local. Esta pesquisa objetivou instigar a constru??o de conhecimentos cr?ticos aptos a permitirem maior percep??o da realidade local associada ? investiga??o da viabilidade t?cnica de inser??o, junto ? comunidade pesquisada, de tecnologia alternativa de tratamento de ?gua baseado em radia??o ultravioleta ? Tubo UV. Para o desenvolvimento metodol?gico esta pesquisa social utilizou-se de procedimentos da pesquisa-a??o em que din?micas de sensibiliza??o, oficinas de confec??o, adapta??o e instala??o do Tubo UV, reuni?es e outras pr?ticas educacionais abordaram a tem?tica do tratamento de ?gua, as quest?es sociais, ambientais e de sa?de, entre outras correlacionadas de forma participativa, reflexiva e harm?nica entre pesquisados e pesquisadores. Como ?rea de pesquisa foi escolhida a comunidade do assentamento rural Boa Esperan?a - ABE, localizada em Z? Doca onde foram instalados e avaliados 05 (cinco) unidades do Tubo UV. Para coleta de dados foram realizadas 64 (sessenta e quatro) entrevistas e aplicados question?rios antes das din?micas de sensibiliza??o e ao final de todo o processo educativo, com objetivo de identificar melhoria na percep??o da comunidade em rela??o ? tem?tica abordada e a realidade local, al?m de consequentes mudan?as de atitudes. O tratamento dos dados coletados nos question?rios apresentou vari?veis que foram analisadas com o teste n?o param?trico do Qui-Quadrado e outras, calculadas as m?dias de respostas com seus respectivos desvios padr?es e seus valores m?nimos e m?ximos. Os resultados indicaram condi??es favor?veis ? adapta??o e inser??o da tecnologia do Tubo UV apresentando viabilidade econ?mica e operacional comparada a projetos id?nticos instalados com sucesso em outros pa?ses, destacando-se a aceita??o da proposta e a facilidade de acesso aos materiais necess?rios a confec??o do Tubo UV. Quanto a an?lise das a??es educativas relacionadas a discuss?o da tem?tica abordada registraram-se significativas respostas de amplia??es e modifica??o na forma cr?tica de perceber a realidade local apontando, inclusive, mudan?as de postura que auxiliaram a busca de melhor qualidade de vida para comunidade. Conclui-se que a realiza??o da a??o concreta da inser??o do uso do Tubo UV, em processo dial?gico e cr?tico de constru??o de conhecimento pautado na rela??o intr?nseca entre a??o e reflex?o associada ? permissiva cr?tica dos saberes constru?dos por pesquisados e pesquisadores foi a receita para alcan?ar os objetivos da pesquisa.

網路環境的轉變與網路社群網站的盛行，不但改變網路使用者的使用習慣，亦是發揮學習社群力量的時機。數位圖書館自發展以來，累積優質而豐富的典藏內容，強調多元讀者服務，並精進個人化服務與檢索功能，但針對讀者學習社群的經營則顯得不足且忽略發展可以輔助學習社群經營的機制，致使數位圖書館無法成為讀者長期駐足，甚至留下學習心得、交互分享學習成果及良性互動討論數位圖書館典藏內容的園地。 本研究以「提升使用者駐足於學習社群平台之意願」與「促進數位圖書館資源之利用」為目標，促成一個基於數位圖書館典藏內容為經營基礎之學習社群。發展有效的社群經營機制，營造學習者願意參與、交互分享學習成果及良性互動討論的優質學習環境，並支援數位圖書館資源的有效利用。 利用知識論壇(Knoewledge Forum)作為社群學習的討論平台，本研究透過準實驗研究法，從數位圖書館資源與學習社群之結合所促成的學習活動中，探討學習社群的互動歷程與知識建構情況。透過統計分析歸結出適合於發展有效輔助數位圖書館資源應用之學習社群經營工具與機制，提高學習社群的參與以及數位圖書館資源支援學習的機會與價值。 研究結果顯示：1. 研究活動歷程中，相較各階段互動機制，推薦機制與激勵機制對於學習社群參與具有較明顯的助益；2. 數位圖書館資源融入學習社群，有助主題資源與概念多面向的知識討論與擴張；3. 數位圖書館資源融入學習社群過程中，領域專家引導有助於資源的利用。 / As the rapid changes of on-line environment and prevalence of social networking websites, not only has the on-line users’ behavior changed, but also it implies the perfect time to develop better learning community with the advantages of technology innovation. Taking the Digital library (DL) as example, it has been developed into the perfect portal with accumulation of high quality information with and reader-centered services, including personalized information services and searching functions. However, comparing with other social networking sites, DL has been considered less value on building on readers’ learning communities, or not suitable sites to share information or communicate with other readers. The purpose of the study is to promote people cohesiveness at the web-based learning community platform and to improve the usage of digital library resources. Based on the advantage of web-based learning communities, the study analyzes the possible models and outcomes for learning communities on DL. In addition, the study attempts to survey ways to make better environment for readers actively interacting with others more; moreover, utilizing the digital libraries to construct knowledge. Taking the “Knowledge Forum” as web-based learning community platform, the study adopted the quasi-experimental methodology to investigate the social networks and knowledge construction behavior of the learning community on DL. The statistics analysis scheme was employed to evaluate the specific model of community building for web-based learning, and its effectiveness for promoting DL as learning support. The results of this study are concluded as following. First, compared with other methods for community building, the recommendation and motivation system are more beneficial for participation on web-based learning community. Second, integrating the resources of DL with web-based learning community is helpful for the diversity of subject topics and concepts in on-line discussion. Third, academic field experts for subject matter discussion are helpful for better DL resources utilization during the process of web-based learning.

為協助學生發展更主動與合作的學習方式，透過「學習社群」(learning community)以共構知識，本研究運用以知識翻新（knowledge-building）（Scardamalia, 2002）理念為基礎所建立的數位學習環境—知識論壇（Knowledge Forum）—進行教學。研究目的主要在於探究學生如何透過數位學習平台以進行合作學習、並共構自然科學史知識。研究對象為修習自然科學基礎課程的大學生（N=42）。教學目標主要在幫助學生瞭解自然科學的內涵與歷史發展，並希望藉由知識分享與共構活動讓學生在平台上合作建構科學史。資料來源主要為：（1）授課教師和學生在知識論壇平台上的活動紀錄；（2）學生在知識論壇平台上的貼文與討論；（3）學生共構的科學故事；以及（4）學生對自我學習歷程的期末反思。資料分析主要透過：（1）描述統計—以計算學生在平台上所共構的科學史故事數目貼文數、回文數、與文章閱讀百分比等；（2）內容分析法—以分析教師如何營造知識翻新環境和學生如何發展對科學理論的理解；以及（3）史皮爾曼等級相關分析—以瞭解學生在知識論壇上的活動情形與期末反思強度間之相關性。研究結果發現：（1）以知識翻新原則為取向的課程設計有助於促進學生主動學習；（2）學習社群集體共構科學史可以促進學習者以較宏觀的視野看待科學史；（3）提供合作學習與知識翻新環境(即知識論壇平台)能有效幫助學習者共負集體合作的責任；以及（4）使用知識論壇平台有助於學習者進行更有效益的集體知識建構活動。本研究根據研究結果提出以下幾點建議以供未來有興趣進行知識創新教學的教師之參考：（1）教師應適當採用彈性的課程設計、同時避免過度使用傳統劇本式教學，以培養學生主動學習的習慣；（2）教師應讓學生學習如何面對較彈性、多元的學習內容，使其對某一學習主題可以有機會做更深層的理解；（3）教師應為學生營造知識共構的學習環境，協助學習者創建集體知識；以及（4）教師應善用電腦支援合作學習環境的相關工具以協助學習者進行知識共構與翻新。