Den digitala utvecklingen och de digitala verktygen i undervisningen ställer krav på att elever genom undervisningen ges möjlighet till att utveckla kompetenser i att hantera det innehåll de varje dag möter. Syftet med denna studie är därför att, med vetskapen om den ökande digitalisering som sker i svensk skola, undersöka vilka uppfattningar och kunskaper lärare har om media literacy och de två kompetenserna att söka och kritiskt värdera information i svenskundervisningen i årskurs 4–6. Utifrån syftet har två frågeställningar formulerats: Hur definierar lärare behovet av att undervisa om media literacy-kompetenserna att söka och kritiskt värdera information i svenskundervisningen i årskurs 4–6? Hur arbetar lärare med media literacy-kompetenserna att söka och kritiskt värdera information i svenskundervisningen i årskurs 4–6? Materialet har samlats in genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med fem verksamma svensklärare i årskurs 4–6. Denna studies teoretiska utgångspunkt är pragmatismens teori om lärande. Resultatet i denna studie visar att lärare definierar behovet av att undervisa om kompetenserna att söka och kritiskt värdera information som stort då skolan måste rusta eleverna till att kunna fungera i det framtida, digitala samhälle som väntar dem. Resultatet i denna studie visar också att lärare arbetar både planerat och oplanerat med kompetenserna och att de oplanerade tillfällena kan leda till autentiska situationer som kan möjliggöra för eleverna att lättare koppla skolans innehåll till det verkliga livet. / The digital development and the digital tools in the education requires that the student through education gets opportunities to develop skills so that they can handle the content they meet every day. Therefore the purpose of this study, with the notice of the increased digitalization that happens in the Swedish schools, is to see what comprehension and knowledge teachers have about media literacy and the two competencies to search and critically evaluate information in the Swedish-education in grade 4–6. Based on the purpose two question formulations have been made: How do teachers define the need of teaching about the media literacy competences to search and critically evaluate information in the Swedish-education in grade 4–6? How do teachers work with the media literacy-competences to search and critically evaluate information in the Swedish-education in grade 4–6? The material has been collected through semi structured interviews with five active Swedish-teachers in grade 4–6. The theoretical starting point of the study is the pragmatism theory of learning. The result in this study shows that teachers define the need of teaching about the competences to search and critically evaluate information as big because the school have to prepare the students so that they can function in the future, digital community that they will be a part of. The result in this study also shows that teachers work both planned and unplanned with the skills and that the unplanned situations can lead to authentic situations that can enable the students to easier connect the content in school with their everyday life.

Este estudo busca desvelar singularidades dos saberes em alfabetização no contexto da Rede Municipal de Educação de Duque de Caxias, tomando como objeto de análise narrativas de professores identificados como alfabetizadores. Especialmente busca-se verificar nessas narrativas os saberes que constituem, para o universo pesquisado, os eixos estruturadores da profissionalidade docente (em alfabetização). As razões pela quais se propõe esta investigação encontram eco nos estudos que se ocupam com a questão da formação de professores, da profissionalidade docente e dos saberes docentes que tem como fonte teórica inspiradora autores, como: Nóvoa (1992, 1995), Tardif (2000, 2002), Schön (2000) and Ardoino (1969, 1998). Com base nesses autores explicitam-se questões consideradas nodais, tanto do ponto de vista da formação inicial e continuada de professores quanto da prática pedagógica escolar propriamente dita. São elas: dimensões dos saberes em alfabetização, constituição e apropriação desses saberes pelo professor e as narrativas como elemento de expressão de singularidades. No presente estudo, os saberes docentes são identificados a partir das narrativas do professor. Portanto, utiliza-se a narrativa como uma possibilidade de apreender as implicações pessoais, as marcas construídas na trajetória individual, além de permitir a expressão da vez e da voz do professor. E também por servir de base para a elaboração de novas propostas para a formação docente. A partir dos resultados é possível perceber que os saberes docentes são construídos pelas representações sobre o ensinar, o aprender e o conhecimento que o sujeito constrói nas relações que estabelece ao longo de sua história. Assim, a formação inicial e continuada torna-se efetiva quando permite e estimula os professores a reverem seus processos de autoconstituição e as relações destes com suas práticas.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-07T15:08:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1363600 bytes, checksum: 94b03114ba5a65736a5271749e26bf55 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-12 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / In the last decade, there has been a growing interest in studies related to information literacy and digital literacy in the national literature and international, in the English language, which is reflected mainly in the number of publications on these topics. The purpose of this study is to compare national and international academic production, the concepts, uses and the relationship between digital literacy and information literacy. In order to achieve the objectives proposed in this investigation followed the methodological guidance of a exploratory research. Thus, the exploratory nature of the study we now realized, was to research the technical literature. The review of brazilian literature, conducted by collecting data from secondary sources, had as its basic source the scientific production published in the open-access vast collection database of theses and scientific journals from CAPES/MEC. For the search we choose to use the following usual descriptors referring to the studied subjects: "letramento informacional", "letramento da informação", "competência informacional" and "letramento digital". The data collection on national papers, initially, was based on two reference sources: essays and theses in graduate programs and the articles published in major journals in the field of education, linguistics and information science in the period between 2007 and 2010. A review of international literature in English was performed by searching the Internet for free open access scientific productions in online bookstores, using the keywords "digital literacy" and "information literacy . The results show digital literacy and information literacy as terms complex and largely unexplored both in academia and in the national literature in the field of education. In several English-speaking countries such as United States, Australia and England, both terms are familiar concepts throughout the professional literature and in university life. Besides, on the rest of the world, the literature emphasizes, above all, the paradox verified about information literacy and digital literacy as key concepts, on a politicized view, to digital informatized society, on a educational point of view the progress are scarce. The concept of digital literacy has come up with an approach very close to the information literacy of that season. Both the concept of information literacy as digital literacy involved were made with a skill set, have slowly expanded their meanings and started having multifaceted concepts with different understandings. Thus, digital literacy and information literacy can not be understood as synonyms because the information literacy eludes a central feature of digital culture that is participatory attitude, creation and ongoing interaction; ultimately the attitude of communication. / Na última década, constata-se o crescente interesse pelos estudos voltados ao letramento informacional e letramento digital na literatura nacional e internacional em língua inglesa, o qual se reflete, principalmente, no número de publicações sobre esses temas. O propósito deste estudo é comparar na produção acadêmica nacional e internacional em língua inglesa as concepções, os usos e as relações entre letramento digital e letramento informacional. A fim de atingir os objetivos propostos nesta investigação seguiu-se a orientação metodológica de uma pesquisa exploratória. Desta forma, o caráter exploratório do estudo que ora realizamos, teve como técnica de pesquisa a pesquisa bibliográfica. A revisão de literatura no Brasil, efetuada através da coleta de dados a partir de fontes secundárias, teve como fonte básica as produções científicas publicadas no vasto acervo de acesso livre do banco de teses e periódicos do portal de periódicos da CAPES/MEC. Para as buscas optou-se por utilizar os seguintes descritores usuais referentes aos assuntos estudados: letramento informacional , letramento da informação , competência informacional e letramento digital . O levantamento de dados nas fontes nacionais, inicialmente, tomou como base duas frentes de consulta: a das dissertações e teses defendidas em programas de pós-graduação e a dos artigos publicados nos principais periódicos da área de educação, linguística e ciência da informação, no período entre 2007 e 2010. A revisão de literatura internacional em língua inglesa foi feita através de busca livre na Internet por produções científicas de acesso aberto e em livrarias online, fazendo uso das palavras-chave digital literacy e information literacy . Os resultados apontam letramento digital e letramento informacional são termos complexos e ainda pouco explorados tanto no meio acadêmico como na literatura nacional no campo da educação. Em vários países de língua inglesa, como Estados Unidos, Austrália e Reino Unido, ambos os termos são conceitos familiares em toda a literatura profissional e na vida universitária. Já no resto do mundo, a literatura realça, sobretudo, o paradoxo de se verificar que enquanto o letramento informacional e o letramento digital são, do ponto de vista político, considerados conceitos chave na sociedade da informação digital e na economia do conhecimento, do ponto de vista educativo, os progressos são escassos. O conceito de letramento digital surgiu com uma abordagem extremamente próxima da do letramento informacional da época. Tanto o conceito de letramento informacional quanto o de letramento digital nasceram envolvidos com um conjunto de habilidades, têm lentamente ampliado seus significados e passaram a ter conceitos multifacetados com entendimentos diferenciados. Assim, letramento digital e letramento informacional não podem ser entendidos como sinônimos porque ao letramento informacional lhe escapa uma característica central da cultura digital que é a atitude participativa, de criação e interação permanente; em última análise a atitude de comunicação.

This thesis is presented for the degree of Master of Education at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology. / Research has revealed that the academic performances of learners in South Africa are below the required level. The Western Cape Education Department (WCED) launched the literacy and numeracy strategy 2006 – 2016, in response to the low literacy and numeracy levels. In addition, the WCED introduced the Grade one baseline assessment in 2006, as part of the literacy and numeracy strategy. The purpose of this study was to observe the implementation of the Grade one literacy baseline assessment programme of the WCED. This study aimed to determine what literacy barriers, if any, the learners were experiencing and to recommend literacy support strategies, in order to inform teaching practices. The learning theories of the two key Constructivist theorists, Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky have therefore been explored. Purposive sampling was used for the selection of the participants for this study. The Grade one class, with English as the language of learning and teaching (LOLT), was selected due to the diverse nature of the learners, in terms of their different home languages. Thirty-seven Grade one learners participated in the study. I used a mixed methods research design in order to collect both quantitative and qualitative data. Multi-method data collection strategies were employed to collect data for this study. The multi-method approach involved: document collection, observation of learners as well as an interview with the Grade one class teacher who conducted the research. The document collection included the learners’ admission forms as well as the written baseline assessment scripts of the learners. The admission forms provided biographical information of the learners in terms of gender, home languages, Grade R attendance and their ages. The collection of data assisted in identifying the literacy barriers that the Grade one learners were experiencing. An interpretivist data analysis style was employed for the qualitative data analyses and the quantitative data analysis was statistical. The results of the quantitative and qualitative data were interpreted together. The triangulation of the data enhanced the reliability of the research findings. The findings suggest that some of the learners experienced literacy barriers in terms of: receptive- and expressive language, perceptual skills and fine motor development. The educator’s perceptions in terms of the administration and usefulness of the baseline assessment have also been included. The data was summarised and the information was used to describe the literacy barriers in terms of the biographical variables and to recommend learning support strategies for literacy development.

Este estudo busca desvelar singularidades dos saberes em alfabetização no contexto da Rede Municipal de Educação de Duque de Caxias, tomando como objeto de análise narrativas de professores identificados como alfabetizadores. Especialmente busca-se verificar nessas narrativas os saberes que constituem, para o universo pesquisado, os eixos estruturadores da profissionalidade docente (em alfabetização). As razões pela quais se propõe esta investigação encontram eco nos estudos que se ocupam com a questão da formação de professores, da profissionalidade docente e dos saberes docentes que tem como fonte teórica inspiradora autores, como: Nóvoa (1992, 1995), Tardif (2000, 2002), Schön (2000) and Ardoino (1969, 1998). Com base nesses autores explicitam-se questões consideradas nodais, tanto do ponto de vista da formação inicial e continuada de professores quanto da prática pedagógica escolar propriamente dita. São elas: dimensões dos saberes em alfabetização, constituição e apropriação desses saberes pelo professor e as narrativas como elemento de expressão de singularidades. No presente estudo, os saberes docentes são identificados a partir das narrativas do professor. Portanto, utiliza-se a narrativa como uma possibilidade de apreender as implicações pessoais, as marcas construídas na trajetória individual, além de permitir a expressão da vez e da voz do professor. E também por servir de base para a elaboração de novas propostas para a formação docente. A partir dos resultados é possível perceber que os saberes docentes são construídos pelas representações sobre o ensinar, o aprender e o conhecimento que o sujeito constrói nas relações que estabelece ao longo de sua história. Assim, a formação inicial e continuada torna-se efetiva quando permite e estimula os professores a reverem seus processos de autoconstituição e as relações destes com suas práticas.

Magister Artium (Human Ecology) - MA(HE) / The research employed a qualitative research paradigm. The ethnographic approach was used to conduct the research. Data collection was done though various ethnographic techniques, classroom observation, in-depth interviews and document analysis. The population was 85 women who participated in a Adult Basic Education and Training programme in Eersterivier in the Cape Peninsula area a questionnaire was used to collect demographic information of the participants Data was analysed by thematic analysis and coded, categorised and discussed according to the aim and objectives of the study in relation to previous studies The main findings were why exploring the existing literacy practice women were depended on others for literacy assistance, which made them avoid literacy events and become vulnerable in this process to cope with the everyday life. / South Africa

Information literacy has become more important as more information is produced and communication has become easier. Better information skills are vital for individuals working in governmental organizations as well as in the business sector. Employees are expected to be confident and competent in interacting with information in their workplaces in order to deliver better service to customers and to the public. This study examines the differences in information literacy skills (ILS), computer literacy skills (CLS), and frequencies of use of information sources (FIS) among police officers, based on their socio-demographic characteristics, namely education, departmental affiliation, ranks, and experience. Information literacy process models developed in an educational environment are combined to explore information literacy process in the workplace. Bivariate and multivariate analyses indicated significant differences of ILS and CLS based on education, departmental affiliation, and ranks but no difference for experience. In addition, there were differences of FIS for all demographic variables except departmental affiliation. The findings of the study may guide both future researchers in the process of developing new models in understanding information literacy process and the managers in police organizations in planning better training programs by considering information and computer literacy skills and use of information sources of police officers.

Läs- och skrivsvårigheter är inte enbart ett växande problem i skolan utan även ett samhällsproblem. Den ökande kravbilden på läsförmåga i samhället bidrar till betydelsen av att utarbeta verkningsbara läs- och skrivstrategier bland elever med läs- och skrivsvårigheter. Samtidigt visar forskning att allt fler lärare känner en oro i att undervisa i lässtrategier, en oro som i mångt och mycket grundar sig i okunskap. Eftersom utvecklingen av lässtrategier utgör ett bedömningsunderlag i nationella provet i svenska och dessutom betonas i läroplanen (Lgy11) är det ett aktuellt forskningsämne som både belyses nationellt som internationellt. Forskning visar att det råder en slags konsensus kring vad som elever med god läsförmåga och läsförståelse har jämfört med vad elever med läs- och skrivsvårigheter inte har. Till exempel saknar de sistnämnda eleverna kompetens att göra inferenser och förutsäga kommande information i det de läser. Däremot går meningarna ibland isär vilka läs- och skrivstrategier som kan ha effekt för läs- och skrivutveckling och det är inte sällan brist på kunskap när det gäller att tillämpa läs- och skrivstrategier i praktiken.

The purpose of this dissertation was to explore the state of critical information literacy (CIL) in higher education as it is enacted and understood by academic librarians. This qualitative study investigated the institutional support, nonsupport, and barriers to CIL programs and the effectiveness of experiential critical pedagogy for information literacy (IL) learning as taught and studied by 19 CIL specialists. Purposeful sampling was used to gather a sample of 17 academic librarians and two professors of library and information science who had previously worked as academic librarians. The sample included 11 females and eight males; 18 participants were Caucasian and one was African American. Data were collected through 40-60 minute semi-structured interviews and a brief demographic survey. Experiential education served as the broad theoretical framework for this study, which stems from the tradition of critical theory. This study was guided by the work of two major experiential learning theorists and theories: Paulo Freire and critical pedagogy and Jack Mezirow and transformative learning. Mezirow and Freire focused their work on adult education and grounded their approaches in critical theory and focused on power relationships, reflection, and the emancipatory potential of education. The findings were framed through a lens of Freire’s conception of critical pedagogy because it was the major theoretical framework that most of the study participants used to guide their work. Findings suggest that academic librarians who teach CIL do not learn about it in their MLS programs. They tend to use three major critical teaching methods, including student-centered approaches, discussion and dialogue, and problem-posing methods. Participants tended to struggle more with using critical methods than with incorporating critical content. Slightly more than half regularly used critical methods in their teaching, but all participants incorporated critical content, including critical source evaluation and subject headings and language used in information production and dissemination. The findings also suggest that CIL specialists are likely to believe that CIL is best taught within the broader context of academic disciplines and that strong relationships with faculty are crucial for successfully implementing information literacy programs of any kind, including CIL programs. Most participants felt supported by their library administrators and at least minimally by college or university administrators, even though they thought administrators did not have a clear idea of what they do in the classroom. The professional identity and culture of librarians and librarianship played a large role in whether and how librarians were drawn to CIL and in their ability to practice it. The results of this study will allow librarians and educators to make more informed decisions about how to design, teach, and implement programs and will benefit library science scholars and policy makers in terms of knowing how it is being taught and supported at the institutional level.

Children with cerebral palsy in South Africa may face various challenges in their acquisition of literacy. In order to address these, an understanding of the nature of these challenges can be seen as the first step. Successful acquisition of literacy is not only determined by formal instruction. Studies have found that the development of literacy skills appear to be related to supportive home literacy environments and experiences. Specific aspects of home literacy experiences have been found to predict later literacy and language skills. The aim of this research is to describe the home literacy experiences of Zulu children with cerebral palsy aged four to six years and their peers without disabilities living in KwaZulu-Natal. Caregivers of 10 children with cerebral palsy and caregivers of 10 children without disabilities, matched for age and gender, were selected from various preschools and schools within KwaZulu-Natal to complete a questionnaire. The questionnaire was developed based on a previous study and is based on five domains of home literacy experiences which include: (1) the child’s literacy experiences and interest, (2) materials and caregiver activities for child literacy development, (3) shared storybook reading, (4) caregiver’s own literacy materials and activities, and, (5) caregiver’s expectations of their child’s literacy development. The results obtained indicated that, in general, the home literacy experiences of the two groups did not differ for most of the home literacy experience aspects. Both groups of caregivers engaged in literacy mediating activities with their children. There were similar trends in the frequency that the child and the caregivers in both groups engaged in literacy practices, which shows that both groups of children had literate role models to demonstrate literacy experiences. Both groups had relatively high expectations of their children’s literacy development. Statistically significant differences were found between the two groups regarding the reported level of active involved in some of the activities engaged in during shared storybook reading and in children’s interest in literacy activities. Children with cerebral palsy were reportedly less actively involved during certain shared storybook reading activities and less interested in literacy activities. The study highlights the nature of the home literacy experiences and some of the areas that need consideration in the literacy development of children with cerebral palsy. Suggestions for future research are provided. / Mini Dissertation (M(AAC))--University of Pretoria, 2017. / National Research Foundation (NRF) / Centre for Augmentative and Alternative Communication (CAAC) / M(AAC) / Unrestricted