Submitted by Noeme Timbo (noeme.timbo@metodista.br) on 2017-06-26T15:08:41Z No. of bitstreams: 2 ZENI.pdf: 1553792 bytes, checksum: 696cb8a05dbcedaa65778103d8728de5 (MD5) ZENI - ANEXO 1.pdf: 234409 bytes, checksum: a60b7177cb6097187cc991d388c3e493 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-26T15:08:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 ZENI.pdf: 1553792 bytes, checksum: 696cb8a05dbcedaa65778103d8728de5 (MD5) ZENI - ANEXO 1.pdf: 234409 bytes, checksum: a60b7177cb6097187cc991d388c3e493 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-22 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Historically, in our educational context, the performance of teachers, especially for the newly graduated, faces several challenges, especially when it comes to literacy in the initial grades of Elementary School. The teacher who starts his or her literacy career usually faces large classrooms and needs to deal with students who have different knowledge and experience, and some students often have difficulties in acquiring reading and writing and need interventions adjusted to their real needs. The present research proposes an investigation into the challenges faced by newly trained literacy teachers, based on the following problem: what challenges does a newly trained teacher face in a literacy room, in interaction with the knowledge and practices of their literacy practice? We have developed a literature review on teacher education, Pedagogy, Literacy/Literacy and Training Policies for literacy students, with the following theoretical main references: Tardif (2014); Nóvoa, 2009; Gatti and Barreto (2009); Saviani (2005; 2008); Libâneo (2006; 2010; 2012); Pimenta (2012); Franco (2003; 2005; 2012); Bahia (2016); Gatti (2010; 2013; 2014); Gatti, Barreto and André (2011); Monteiro (2014); Mortatti (2000, 2006); Albuquerque (2007); Ferreiro and Teberosky (1985) and Teberosky (1997). We conducted a field research, with the participation of five literacy teachers from the public school of Santo André. The instruments for the data collection and analysis were composed of a questionnaire to delineate the profile of the subjects and conduct deepening interviews. The data analysis of the interviews is based on the Content Analysis Methodology, proposed by Franco (2003). The analyzed categories considered self-presentation and career choice; initial and continuing training/knowledge; literacy-theories and practices; the internship as a pedagogical practice, as well as the attributions that mark and define the constitution of the newly formed teacher-literate identity. Regarding the challenges, we observe as results: weak initial training that distances the theory of practice; classrooms crowded with students; gaps in supervision; curriculum with more emphasis on theories than on literacy practices/ methodologies; lack of planning or even of a political pedagogical project that guides the newly trained teacher-literate in his/her work; besides the discontinuation of the policies of continuous formation. / Historicamente, em nosso contexto educacional, a atuação dos docentes, especialmente para os recém-formados, passa por vários desafios, principalmente quando se trata da alfabetização nas séries iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. O professor que inicia sua carreira na alfabetização, geralmente enfrenta salas numerosas e precisa lidar com alunos que possuem diferentes conhecimentos e experiências, muitas vezes, alguns alunos apresentam dificuldades em relação à aquisição da leitura e da escrita e necessitam de intervenções ajustadas às suas reais necessidades. A presente pesquisa propõe uma investigação sobre os desafios enfrentados por professores alfabetizadores recém-formados, a partir do seguinte problema: “Quais os desafios que um professor recém-formado enfrenta em uma sala de alfabetização, em interface com os saberes e fazeres de sua prática alfabetizadora?”. Desenvolvemos uma revisão da literatura sobre a formação de professores, a Pedagogia, a Alfabetização/Letramento e as Políticas de Formação para alfabetizadores, tendo como referenciais teóricos principais: Tardif (2014); Nóvoa (2009); Gatti e Barreto (2009); Saviani (2005; 2008); Libâneo (2006; 2010; 2012); Pimenta (2012); Franco (2003; 2005; 2012); Bahia (2016); Gatti (2010; 2013; 2014); Gatti, Barreto e André (2011); Monteiro (2014); Mortatti (2000; 2006); Albuquerque (2007); Ferreiro e Teberosky (1985) e Teberosky (1997). Realizamos uma pesquisa de campo, com a participação de cinco professores-alfabetizadores da rede pública de ensino municipal de Santo André. Os instrumentos para a coleta e análise de dados foram compostos por questionário para o delineamento do perfil dos sujeitos e realização de entrevistas de aprofundamento. As análises dos dados das entrevistas apoiam-se na Metodologia de Análise de Conteúdo, proposta por Franco (2003). As categorias analisadas consideraram a apresentação de si e escolha da carreira; formação inicial e continuada/saberes; alfabetização – teorias e práticas; o estágio enquanto prática pedagógica, bem como abordam as atribuições que marcam e definem a constituição da identidade do professor-alfabetizador recém-formado. Em relação aos desafios, observamos como resultados: formação inicial fragilizada que acaba distanciando a teoria da prática; salas de aulas com muitos alunos; estágios realizados com lacunas nas supervisões; currículo de formação com mais ênfase nas teorias do que nas práticas/metodologias alfabetizadoras; falta de um planejamento, ou mesmo, de um projeto político pedagógico que oriente o professor-alfabetizador recém-formado em seu fazer; além da descontinuidade das políticas de formação continuada.

This thesis focuses on geographical literacy of the general public. It sets two main aims. Firstly to identify geographical community opinion on what knowledge and skills should be these days considered basics of geographical literacy for everyone regardless of their age and achieved education. Secondly to verify the selected basics of geographical literacy with the lay public. The structure of this work follows these aims. The theoretical part concentrates on the explanation of key words and the definition of geographical literacy in accordance with contemporary literature. The other part of the work presents the results of two researches of one's own. The first one was done in the form of an electronic questionnaire and addressed to the members of the geographical community. They firstly used a four-level scale to consider the importance of knowledge and skills that were verified in the research of the geographical literacy of adults in the USA. Secondly, in the form of open-answer questions, they could express their opinion on the core of the monitored assessment reference scope. It proved that assessment statements to most suggested skills are very varying. On the grounds of the evaluation of this survey we suggested requirements for individual performances that apply to closely defined issues,...

abstract: This dissertation explored the literacy practices that developed around comics when two secondary teachers (one AP Science and one AP English) used comics in their classroom instruction for the first time. It also explored the ways the teachers and their students positioned comics within their specific classroom contexts. Historically, comics are a marginalized medium in educational circles—widely considered non-academic despite the recognition by scholars for their sophistication as a multimodal medium. Scholars, librarians, teachers, and comics authors have made the case for the inclusion of comics in educational contexts citing their ability to support the literacy development of struggling readers, engage reluctant readers, promote lifelong reading, and convey information visually. However, the roles comics can play in educational contexts are still under researched, and many gaps exist in the literature including a lack of real world contexts and clearly reported instructional strategies. This study aimed to fill these gaps by reporting the literacy practices that students and teachers develop around comics, as well as contextualizing these practices in the classroom contexts and students’ and teachers’ experiences. Drawing from a social semiotic view of multimodality and the view of literacy as a social practice, I conducted a qualitative case study using ethnographic methods for data collection which I analyzed using an interpretive framework for qualitative data analysis and constant comparative analysis. I found three literacy practices developed around comics in these contexts—Q&A, writing about comics, and drawing comics. I also found that teachers and students positioned comics in four primary ways within these contexts—as a tool, as entertainment, as a medium, and as a traditional form of literature. Based on my findings, I developed three assertions: 1) there is a disconnect between teachers’ goals for using comics in their instruction and the literacy practice that developed around the comics they selected; 2) there is a disconnect between the ways in which teachers position comics and the ways in which students position comics; and 3) traditional views of literature and literacy continue to dominate classrooms when multimodal texts are selected and utilized during instruction. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Learning, Literacies and Technologies 2018

Submitted by MARCIA ROVADOSCHI (marciar@unifra.br) on 2018-08-20T17:26:53Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_NeivaLilianFerreiraOrtiz.pdf: 2741014 bytes, checksum: c2bd2d203eb1f963f2e188ec79da2fa4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T17:26:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_NeivaLilianFerreiraOrtiz.pdf: 2741014 bytes, checksum: c2bd2d203eb1f963f2e188ec79da2fa4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-17 / This study used a qualitative research approach based on bibliographical and documentary techniques. Data included official documents, which were made available by the Ministry of Education and Culture, as well as the notebooks and teaching materials of three students from three public schools located in a Midwestern municipality of the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS). The objective of the study was to analyse how the Natural Sciences were approached in these schools based on the proposals of the National Pact for Literacy at Proper Age during the period 2013 – 2015. In addition to the official guidelines on the National Pact for Literacy at Proper Age and the Teaching of Sciences, the analysis aimed to highlight the presence of the Natural Sciences in the school curriculum, the contents and structuring axes considered as well as the methodological aspects and resources used. It also aimed to develop a product to be used as a teaching resource, which could mediate the teaching-learning process of the Natural Sciences in the early years. Initially, the materials related to the National Pact for Literacy at Proper Age were searched and compiled to be studied afterwards. Then, a previous analysis was developed on the materials provided by the three students who were attending the 2013 – 2015 literacy cycles at the three schools investigated. Finally, categories of analysis were chosen according to Bardin (2016) in order to verify whether the Natural Sciences were taught in the early years as well as the contents and structuring axes considered and, finally, the methodological aspects and resources used. Data analysis revealed that the Teaching of Sciences has been developed without the frequency, liveliness and quality necessary to promote scientific literacy among the students. In addition, the study of both languages and mathematics was prioritized during the literacy cycle investigated. Consequently, the study of science occupied an auxiliary place in the school curriculum, being normally presented in a strict and fragmented way. With regard to the structuring axes and the contents approached, it was found that both continue to be selected and propagated by the schools through a teaching culture that is based on themes that usually repeat from school to school regardless of the school reality. The highlighted structuring axes were “Life in the Environments” and “Human Being and Health” instead of the axes “Materials and Transformations” and “The Sun and Earth System”. Concerning the methodological aspects and the teaching resources used by the teachers during the classes, traditional pedagogy as well as recurrent resources such as board, chalk, photocopied sheets and textbooks have prevailed. However, if the frequency and quality of the Natural Science classes continue to be strict and based on theories and teaching resources that are not very innovative or contextualized, the students' scientific training will remain adrift. These are very unfortunate results given the social, scientific and technological importance of this area of knowledge to the students' personal and social quality of life. Therefore, having in mind the conclusions of this research and considering the importance of this school stage to the students’ learning, a product has been developed to be used as a resource in the teaching of sciences in the initial years of the literacy cycle. In a nutshell, this product is a children's story entitled "The hairy caterpillar" and may be used to teach the life cycle of insects that undergo complete metamorphosis. / A presente pesquisa utilizou-se de uma metodologia de abordagem qualitativa de cunho bibliográfico e documental. Teve, como documentos de análise, além das orientações oficiais disponibilizados pelo Ministério de Educação e Cultura, os cadernos e materiais didáticos de três estudantes, de três escolas da rede municipal de ensino, de um município da região Centro-Oeste do estado do RS. Objetivou-se analisar como foi contemplada a área das Ciências da Natureza, na rede pública de ensino de um município da região Centro-Oeste do RS, a partir das propostas do Pacto Nacional de Alfabetização na Idade Certa, no bloco sequencial de 2013 a 2015. Especificamente, além das orientações oficiais acerca do Pacto Nacional de Alfabetização na Idade Certa e do Ensino de Ciências, procurou-se evidenciar a presença da área das Ciências da Natureza no currículo escolar, os conteúdos e eixos estruturantes contemplados, os aspectos metodológicos e recursos utilizados, bem como construir um produto a ser utilizado como recurso didático para mediar o processo de ensino e aprendizagem das Ciências da Natureza nos anos iniciais. Inicialmente, foi realizado o levantamento dos materiais relacionados ao Pacto Nacional de Alfabetização na Idade Certa, compilando os mesmos para estudo. Em relação aos materiais dos três estudantes do ciclo de alfabetização de 2013 a 2015, das três escolas pesquisadas, houve uma análise prévia e, posteriormente, elegeram-se categorias, conforme propõe Bardin (2016), em que procurou-se detectar: a presença das Ciências da Natureza nos anos iniciais, os conteúdos e eixos estruturantes abordados e os aspectos metodológicos e recursos utilizados.Com base nos dados compilados, percebeu-se que o Ensino de Ciências se desenvolveu sem a frequência, vivacidade e qualidade necessárias para que essa área do conhecimento habilitasse os estudantes para a alfabetização científica. Constatou-se que, durante o ciclo de alfabetização pesquisado, foram priorizadas as áreas das linguagens e a matemática. A área de ciências ocupou um lugar de coadjuvante no currículo escolar, apresentando-se de modo pontual e fragmentada. Quanto aos eixos estruturantes e conteúdos contemplados, evidenciou-se que esses continuam sendo selecionados e propagados pela escola utilizando-se como critério uma cultura escolar sedimentada em temáticas que geralmente se repetem de escola para escola, independentemente da realidade escolar. Os eixos estruturantes priorizados foram “Vida nos Ambientes” e “Ser Humano e Saúde” em detrimento dos eixos “Materiais e Transformações” e “Sistema Sol e Terra”. Em relação aos aspectos metodológicos e recursos didáticos empregados pelos docentes no transcorrer das aulas, percebeu-se o predomínio da pedagogia tradicional e de recursos recorrentes, tais como quadro, giz, folhas fotocopiadas e livros didáticos. Contudo, se a frequência e a qualidade das aulas das Ciências da Natureza continuarem de modo pontual e, além disso, alicerçadas em teorias e recursos didáticos pouco inovadores e contextualizados, a formação científica dos estudantes permanecerá à deriva. Essas evidências são lastimáveis, dada a importância social, científica e tecnológica dessa área do conhecimento para a qualidade de vida pessoal e social dos estudantes. Assim, diante do que foi constatado na pesquisa e, como forma de colaborar para essa relevante etapa escolar, elaborou-se um produto que poderá contribuir como recurso didático para o ensino de ciências nos anos iniciais no ciclo de alfabetização. Trata-se de uma história infantil, intitulada “A lagartinha cabeluda”, com potencialidade para abordar o ciclo de vida dos insetos que realizam metamorfose completa.

The benefits of effective teaching methods have been well researched and documented. Salient amongst most literature on such benefits is their ability to promote learners’ subject-matter comprehension and their active participation in class activities. Subject-matter and learner participation can be considered key ingredients in promoting effective learning. In adult education, due to the unique characteristics that the learner brings to the learning situation, it behooves the educator to select appropriate methods in promoting learning. By employing appropriate teaching methods, the educator is able to help adult learners achieve the desired learning outcomes. This study therefore sought to comparatively examine the effectiveness of the various teaching methods used by educators in teaching learners in adult education programmes in Ghana and South Africa. The study focused on the National Functional Literacy Programme of Ghana and the Kha Ri Gude Mass Literacy Programme of South Africa. The study was conducted using a qualitative research approach where the multiple case study design was employed. A purposive sample of 152 participants comprising 72 learners and 4 educators each from Ghana and South Africa were selected for the study. The interview schedule, focus group discussion guide and unstructured observation guides were used to elicit data from the participants. The study revealed, amongst other things, that some of the methods employed by the educators in the teaching and learning encounter were ineffective in promoting adult learning in both programmes. The study recommends that methods employed to teach adult learners should help them effectively to make meaning of the various information or events that they are presented with. As a result, teaching moves from the traditional view of transmission to helping learners to reexamine their meaning-making structures. / UNISA / ABET and Youth Development

No description available.

The low literacy levels achieved by deaf children are of ongoing concern to educators and researchers alike. The present research considered emergent literacy as one aspect to consider in the acquisition of literacy skills in deaf children. The aim of this research was to describe the home-based literacy experiences of severely to profoundly deaf pre-schoolers as provided by their hearing parents. Parents of twenty-nine pre-school deaf children from schools for the deaf were selected to complete a questionnaire. The questionnaire was developed based on the four identified literacy contexts: the physical and functional context, the language context, the affective context and the educational context. The results obtained indicate that the deaf children in this survey are exposed to literacy-rich home environments where they are able to observe literate adult role models. Limitations in the quantity and quality of text-based interaction between the deaf pre-schoolers, their hearing parents and older siblings were identified. The results also indicated that the parents who participated in this research regarded the development of language and communication as more important than the early acquisition of literacy skills. The parents assigned the greatest responsibility in teaching literacy skills to teachers. This study highlights the sensitive nature of early literacy and language learning in young deaf children. Suggestions for further research are presented. / Dissertation (M(Augmentative and Alternative Communication))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Centre for Augmentative and Alternative Communication (CAAC) / unrestricted

A qualitative study that examines the view of book conversations and its relation to norms from a critical literacy perspective.  The truth of a book does not have to be the only truth.  As individuals living in society, we are constantly influenced by norms of the outside world in the form of images and texts. From a child’s perspective, it is not easy to categorise and understand all information, as well as to question what is true or not. Therefore, we believe that preschool is an important arena where we can exchange experiences and take on texts and images together to create an understanding and a place to problematize and reconstruct norms. This qualitative study is based on interviews, where the purpose is to examine and analyze the experience of preschool teachers and child educators of book conversations in relation to norms. We seek to answer the two following research questions: How do preschool teachers and child educators reflect about book talks and their role in in preschool in relation to norms? And what significance do preschool teachers and child educators believe that book conversations in preschool have for children's learning regarding norms? To answer how the preschool works to make visible and reconstruct norms and values, this study relates to the concept of critical literacy. In summary, it can be described as a process where the ultimate goal is to be able to reproduce a text independently.  The study demonstrates that preschool often tends to focus on children's language development in book conversations rather than working with norms. However, there are indications that preschool teachers and child educators, to a certain extent, work to make norms visible, but that it is not further developed into a process of reconstructing stories through book conversations.

The local district in this study has not made adequate yearly progress in the past several years in language arts literacy on state assessments. Particularly problematic were poor reading skills among district students. Poor literacy skills negatively affect student learning across the curriculum. The purpose of this case study was to identify teachers' and administrators' perceptions of best literacy practices, professional development, and administrative decisions regarding literacy learning for primary students in reading at a strong performing elementary school in the district. The target school was selected to help address reading failure for the low-performing schools in this district. Bloom's taxonomy of learning, which indicates that higher-level learning is based on foundational knowledge that is often provided at the primary level, was the framework for this study. A bounded case study was conducted that included a purposeful sample of 7 elementary teachers of language arts from Pre-K to 2nd grades and 2 administrators at the target elementary school. Classroom observations and interviews were used to collect data. NVivo was used to assist in coding, analysis of data, and identification of recurring themes. The findings indicated that an outcome-based curriculum incorporating Bloom's levels of learning coupled with supportive district decisions regarding literacy were key components driving literacy success at the target school. The findings were incorporated into a policy paper as a project to propose and support elementary level reading curriculum changes and administrative decisions regarding literacy success for elementary students in the local district. Implications for positive social change might be far reaching as elementary school students in this district benefit from literacy skills that improve their academic success and ultimately their overall quality of life.

In the context of Swedish students' difficulties to separate facts from opinions, we wanted to investigate why digital literacy, and especially source credibility, is important and how teachers in civics and the social sciences can teach students these skills. Studies show that upper secondary school students often turn to online sources when searching for information, rather than turning to traditional media. This is not a problem in itself, however, what is worrying is that the increasing spread of disinformation in combination with the lack of methods to verify true information adventures students' formation of opinions. In a society where young people consume more and more digital media this is truly alarming for future citizens and democracy. Therefore, in this literature review based on previous research, we give multiple reasons for why digital literacy, and especially source credibility, is important. But how should civics teachers teach digital literacy? This text also gives the tools by presenting four principles for guidance when planning classes where digital literacy will be taught. Furthermore, we present the idea of digital literacy as an active act and we also talk about the importance of examining each source from more than one perspective. Disciplinary literacy and the necessity of the teacher’s role as a disciplinary expert is also discussed in this paper. We then present and stress the importance of the three types of misinformation and give a few suggestions on how to use them. The next finding in our search for how to teach digital literacy to students is the benefits of working in a group of peers. Our take from this is that, in order to get out of your own “echo chamber”, group work can bring a set of different backgrounds, opinions and knowledge to the table when trying to make sense of everything the internet has to offer, good and bad.