Thesis (M.A.)--Miami University, Dept. of Spanish and Portuguese, 2006. / Title from first page of PDF document. Abstract in English, text in Spanish. Includes bibliographical references (p. 73-77).

[pt] Estimulado pela percepção de um crescente uso do termo “resiliência” em documentos oficiais, em ambientes acadêmicos e no vocabulário popular, o presente trabalho procura explorar as condições para a propagação do termo, assim como as consequências de seu uso em políticas públicas. O conceito, popularizado no contexto da disciplina da biologia, foi transportado para as ciências sociais a partir de uma aproximação entre as racionalidades da ecologia e da economia. Este movimento de aproximação resultou em uma nova concepção do mundo social como complexo, permeado por toda sorte de riscos, e habitado por sujeitos fundamentalmente vulneráveis. A ampla mobilização do conceito na Nova Agenda Urbana, principal documento da ONU-Habitat para a formulação de políticas urbanas, demonstra o grau de legitimidade conquistado pela ideia de resiliência urbana. Para melhor entendermos como esta ideia é invocada na prática, analisaremos seu uso nos contextos do Furacão Katrina, quando atingiu o sul dos Estados Unidos, em 2005, e no rompimento da barragem da Samarco em Mariana, ocorrido em 2015 em Minas Gerais. / [en] Encouraged by the perception of a growing use of the term resilience on official documents, in academic environments and in the popular vocabulary, the present work aims to explore the conditions for the dissemination of the term, as well as the consequences of its use in public policy discourses. The concept, which was popularized in the context of the biological sciences, was transported to the social sciences through a theoretical convergence between the rationalities of ecology and economy. This movement resulted on a new conception of the social world, in which it is conceived as complex, permeated by all sorts of risks, and populated by fundamentally vulnerable subjects. The wide employment of the concept by the New Urban Agenda, UN-Habitat s main document for urban policy formulation, demonstrates the degree of legitimacy that was conquered by the idea of an urban resilience. In order for us to better understand how the idea is evoked in practice, we will analyze its use in the contexts of Hurricane Katrina, when it hit the South of the United States, in 2005, and in the context of Samarco s dam rupture in Mariana, which took place in 2015, in Minas Gerais.

Esta tese analisa os Planos Regionais Estratégicos das Subprefeituras do Butantã, Lapa, Pinheiros, Sé e Vila Mariana (Lei Municipal n0 13.885/04), com o objetivo de verificar a integração dos mesmos entre si e com o referencial fixo representado pelo Plano Diretor Estratégico do Município de São Paulo (Lei Municipal n0 13.430/02). O Plano Regional Estratégico de cada Subprefeitura deve se articular com o Plano Regional das Subprefeituras adjacentes e, quando for o caso, com os municípios limítrofes e a região metropolitana, devendo fazê-lo em um contexto relacional consistente. A questão da integração dos Planos Regionais foi examinada através dos seguintes temas: Rede Estrutural Hídrica Ambiental, Rede Viária Estrutural e Uso e Ocupação do Solo. A análise destas leis foi desenvolvida em um contexto de revisão dos paradigmas relativos ao exercício do planejamento urbano, desencadeado pela Lei Federal n0 10.257/2001 ? Estatuto da Cidade, que criou e regulamentou vários instrumentos da política urbana, vinculando-os ao plano diretor. / The present thesis analyzes the Strategic Regional Plans of Sub-Districts of Butantã, Lapa, Pinheiros, Sé and Vila Mariana (Municipal Law n0 13.885/04), with the purpose of verifying the aforementioned plans integration within themselves and with the fixed referential represented by the Strategic Master Plan of São Paulo City (Municipal Law n0 13.430/02). The Strategic Regional Plan of each Sub-District must be articulated with the Regional Plan of adjacent Sub-districts, and with the adjoining cities and the metropolitan region, having it done in a consistent related context. The matter of the Regional Plans integration was analyzed through the following themes: Environmental Hydro Structural Network, Structural Roads Network, and Ground Use and Occupation. The analysis of such laws was developed within a context of review on paradigms related to urban planning work, unleashed by Federal Law n010.257/2001 ? City?s Decree, which created and regulated several instruments of urban politics, attaching them to the Master Plan.

Historians John W. Dower, Craig Cameron, and Ronald Takaki argue that the Pacific War was a war of extermination fueled by race hate. Therefore, the clash between the military forces of the Japanese Empire and United States of America yielded a "kill or be killed" environment across the battlefields of the Pacific. This work examines the conduct of the Second Marine Division during its campaign of conquest against the Japanese held island of Saipan from June 15, 1944-July 9, 1944. It is based upon traditional military history sources to test their theories in context of the conduct of Marines toward Japanese soldiers and civilians during the Saipan campaign. Did Marines practice a war of extermination or conduct themselves in a humane manner?

Este trabajo se enfoca en las representaciones del cuerpo infantil y juvenil que sufre violencia en los cuentos “El chico sucio” y “Bajo el agua negra” de la autora argentina Mariana Enríquez. El cuerpo es un elemento significativo en la obra de esta escritora, por lo que la crítica ha estudiado las diversas formas en que se presenta en sus relatos. Sin embargo, no se han analizado la violentas figuras corporales de los menores, pese a estar presentes en la mayoría de cuentos. El cuerpo infantil y juvenil provoca atracción y rechazo, además de desatar un quiebre en el orden simbólico de los relatos. En este trabajo se investiga el horror que inspiran estas figuras desde la teoría de lo abyecto de Julia Kristeva. Además, se analiza el rol de dichas figuras en relación a las características de la narrativa de Enríquez. En su obra la autora renueva el género gótico y utiliza el horror para presentar una crítica social. Se propone que en los cuentos analizados, la estética con la que se trabaja el cuerpo de los menores permite percibir de forma terrorífica las causas directas e indirectas detrás del devastador estado de las figuras. En estos relatos la violencia contra los cuerpos infantiles es el síntomas de las desigualdades socioeconómicas de la urbe y la indiferencia social.

This thesis investigated the phytochemistry and pharmacology of immunomodulatory medicinal plant species used traditionally by the Q’eqchi’ Maya Healers Association (QMHA) of Belize, and the Cree of Eeyou Istchee (CEI) of northern Quebec. Using quantitative ethnobotanical methodology, we identified 107 plant species belonging to 49 families used by Q’eqchi’ healers in the treatment of symptoms from 14 usage categories related to inflammation. Regression analysis revealed that the Piperaceae, Araceae, and Begoniaceae are preferentially selected by the Maya. Healer consensus for plant species was high, with 56 species (52%) being used by all the healers, and consensus for usage categories was also high, as informant consensus factor (FIC) values for each category were greater than 0.4. Fifty-two Belizean species were evaluated for their TNF-α inhibitory activity in an LPS-stimulated THP-1 monocyte model. Twenty-one species (40%) demonstrated significant TNF-α inhibition when assayed at 100 µg/mL, 8 of which had greater than 50% of the activity of the parthenolide positive control (10 µg/mL). Significant regressions were found between the anti-inflammatory activity and total healer frequency of use (Fuse) and the use reports for 3 usage categories, which indicated that ethnobotanical parameters can in part predict the activity of traditionally used species. Five sesquiterpene lactones were isolated from the leaves of Neurolaena lobata, one of the most active species tested, all of which demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity greater than that of parthenolide (IC50 = 4.79 µM), with IC50s ranging from 0.17-2.32 µM. Lobatin B was the most active isolate tested. Ethanolic and water extracts of 17 species used by Cree healers were evaluated for their immunomodulatory activity. In general, the average anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extracts was 1.8 times greater than that of water extracts, and the pro-inflammatory activity of water extracts was 3.7 times greater than ethanolic extracts. Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana were the most anti-inflammatory ethanolic and water extracts, while the water extract of Sarracenia purpurea was the most pro-inflammatory. Picea marina cones, the most anti-inflammatory Cree medicine, were subjected to bioassay guided isolation. This led to the isolation of the anti-inflammatory lignan (+)-lariciresinol-9’-p-coumarate, which had an IC50 of 28.4 µM. Together, these results validate the traditional knowledge shared by our Q’eqchi’ and Cree collaborators, and draw attention to the therapeutic potential of subtropical and boreal plants as culturally appropriate complements to modern medicine. - Cette thèse porte sur la phytochimie et la pharmacologie des espèces de plantes médicinales immunomodulatrices utilisées traditionnellement par le Q’eqchi’ Maya Healers Association (QMHA) du Belize, et les Cris d'Eeyou Istchee (CEI) du nord du Québec. En utilisant une méthodologie ethnobotanique quantitative, nous avons identifié 107 espèces végétales appartenant à 49 familles utilisées par les guérisseurs Q'eqchi’ dans le traitement de symptômes appartenant à 14 catégories d'utilisation liées à l'inflammation. Une analyse de régression a révélé que les familles Piperaceae, Araceae, et Begoniaceae sont préférentiellement choisis par les Mayas. Le consensus entre guérisseurs pour les espèces végétales était élevé, avec 56 espèces (52%) étant utilisés par tous les guérisseurs, et le consensus pour les catégories d'utilisation était également élevé, car les valeurs de facteur de consensus des informants (FIC) pour chaque catégorie étaient supérieurs à 0,4. Cinquante-deux espèces du Belize ont été évaluées pour leur activité inhibitrice de TNF-α dans un modèle de THP-1 monocytes stimulés par le LPS. Vingt-et-une espèces (40%) ont montré une inhibition significative de TNF-α lorsque dosés à 100 µg/mL, dont 8 d’entre elles ont démontrées plus de 50% de l'activité du contrôle positif parthénolide (10 µg/mL). Des régressions significatives ont été observées entre l'activité anti-inflammatoire et la fréquence d'utilisation de guérisseurs totale (Fuse) et les rapports d'utilisation pour 3 catégories d'utilisation, ce qui indique que les paramètres ethnobotaniques peuvent en partie prédire l'activité des espèces traditionnellement utilisées. Cinq lactones sesquiterpéniques ont été isolés à partir des feuilles de Neurolaena lobata, l'une des espèces les plus actives testées, qui a démontré une activité anti-inflammatoire supérieure à celle du parthénolide (CI50 = 4,79 µM), avec des CI50 allant de 0,17 à 2,32 µM. Lobatin B était l’isolât le plus actif testé. Des extraits éthanoliques et aqueux de 17 espèces utilisées par les guérisseurs Cris ont été évalués pour leur activité immunomodulatrice. En général, l'activité anti-inflammatoire moyenne des extraits éthanoliques était 1,8 fois supérieure à celle des extraits d'eau, et l'activité pro-inflammatoire des extraits d'eau était de 3,7 fois supérieure à celle des extraits éthanoliques. Picea mariana et Pinus banksiana étaient les extraits éthanoliques et aqueux avec le plus d’activité anti-inflammatoire, tandis que l'extrait aqueux de Sarracenia purpurea était le plus pro-inflammatoire. Le cône de Picea marina, le médicament traditionnelle Cris le plus anti-inflammatoire, a été soumis à une isolation guidée par essais biologiques. Cela a mené à l'isolement du lignane anti-inflammatoire (+)-lariciresinol-9'-p-coumarate, qui avait une CI50 de 28,4 µM. Ensemble, ces résultats valident les connaissances traditionnelles partagées par nos collaborateurs Q'eqchi' et Cris, et mettent en évidence le potentiel thérapeutique des plantes subtropicales et boréales comme des compléments à la médecine moderne qui sont culturellement appropriées.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Humanas, 2008. / Submitted by Diogo Trindade Fóis (diogo_fois@hotmail.com) on 2009-09-22T12:15:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_RafaellaSudarioRibeiro.pdf: 1849336 bytes, checksum: 04f4ac52156a6df80e7226d72d25f2bd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Guimaraes Jacqueline(jacqueline.guimaraes@bce.unb.br) on 2010-06-24T11:47:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_RafaellaSudarioRibeiro.pdf: 1849336 bytes, checksum: 04f4ac52156a6df80e7226d72d25f2bd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2010-06-24T11:47:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_RafaellaSudarioRibeiro.pdf: 1849336 bytes, checksum: 04f4ac52156a6df80e7226d72d25f2bd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / A presente dissertação objetiva dar visibilidade à literatura de autoria feminina através da análise da produção ficcional e não-ficcional de duas gerações de autoras goianas. A análise desta produção, a partir da perspectiva dos Estudos Feministas e de Gênero e da História Cultural nos possibilita compreender com um novo olhar as experiências patriarcais da sociedade goiana, do conjunto de representações e do imaginário em que essas mulheres estavam inseridas. ________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT / The present dissertation has the objective of emphasizing female authorship through the analysis of the fictional and non fictional material of two generation of authors from the City of Goiás. Analysing this production from the perspective of Feminist and Gender studies, as well as Cultural History, enables us develop a new approach to understand the patriarchal experiences of the “goiana” society, of the set of representations and the imaginary dimension in which these women were inserted.

O presente trabalho apresenta uma nova espécie de Sphenophyta, Phyllotheca longifolia nov. sp., para o Permiano Inferior da Bacia do Paraná. O material correspondente a nova espécie foi coletado no Afloramento Morro do Papaléo, em níveis restritos ao Grupo Itararé, e mostram uma diversidade única de formas vivendo em um mesmo ambiente e preservadas em uma associação autóctone-parautóctone. P. Longifolia nov. sp. que possui alguma semelhança morfológica com formas angáricas (Phyllopitys e Annulina), é caracterizada por seus longos folíolos livres e suas bainhas curtas em forma de copo, sendo a segunda nova espécie do morfogênero Phyllotheca descrita para o Afloramento Morro do Papaléo. Deste modo, este estudo contribui elucidando sobre a classificação de formas consideradas antes relacionadas à morfoespécie Phyllotheca indica, e agora re-alocadas para esta nova espécie. Com a determinação taxonômica dessas formas, e uma compreensão mais acurada da riqueza de esfenófitas presente nesta associação fóssil, este trabalho fornece alicerces para a realização de estudos futuros de cunho paleoecológico, bem como auxilia na compreensão da evolução do grupo dentro do Permiano da Bacia do Paraná. / The present study offers a new species of Sphenophyta, Phyllotheca longifolia sp. nov., for the Lower Permian of Paraná Basin. The material corresponding to the new species was recovered from the Morro do Papaléo Outcrop, in levels restricted to the Itararé Group which show a unique diversity of forms, living in the same environment and preserved in a autochthonousparautochthonous association. P. longifolia sp. nov., which has some morphological similarities with angaric forms (Phyllopitys and Annulina), is characterized by its long leaves and short cup-like sheaths, being the second new species of morphogenus Phyllotheca described for the Morro do Papaléo Outcrop. In his way, this study contributes to elucidate on the forms before considerated as related to morphospecies Phyllotheca indica, and now re-classified in this new species. With the taxonomic determination of this new form, and a more accurate comprehension of the sphenopsid richness present in this fossil association, this contribution provides background to future studies of paleoecological nature, as well as aids in the comprehension on the evolution of this group in the Permian strata of Paraná Basin.

xviii, 179 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes 3 video files. / Mafic arc volcanoes have eruption styles that range from explosive to effusive. In a broad sense, eruption style is controlled by the rate of magma supply to the vent. In this dissertation I examine relationships between eruption rate and style in two separate studies: (1) an investigation of ongoing activity at NW Rota-1, a submarine volcano in the Mariana arc, and (2) a morphologic study of the Collier Cone lava flow field in the Central Oregon Cascades. The eruptions of NW Rota-1 range from effusive to moderately explosive; eruptions are effusive when mass eruption rate (MER) is low and explosive when MER increases. The explosivity of submarine eruptions is suppressed by seawater because of increased hydrostatic pressure, rapid cooling, and the high viscosity of water relative to air (which limits expansion). The combination of seawater and relatively low MERs limit pyroclast deposition to within meters to tens of meters of the vent. In fact, many pyroclasts fall back into the vent and are recycled. Evidence for recycling includes microcrystalline inclusions within erupted pyroclasts and elevated Cl and Na concentrations in matrix glass. Enrichment of Cl and Na suggests that seawater assimilation provides a geochemical signature of recycling. Recycling is limited to low MER explosive eruptions and is not observed in either effusive lava or deposits from high MER explosions. Direct observations of eruptions allow measurements of eruption rate. However, it is more challenging to estimate MERs of eruptions that were not observed. To address this problem, I develop and test methods of constraining the eruption rate (and duration) of the c. 1600 year old Collier Cone lava flow using the flow morphology. To quantify flow morphology I combine field observations with GIS analysis of Lidar-derived digital topography. Channel dimensions constrain emplacement rates; dominant wavelengths and amplitudes of surface folds constrain spatial and temporal changes in flow rheology. Three videos of eruption activity accompany this dissertation as supplemental files. This dissertation includes both previously published and unpublished co-authored material. / Committee in charge: Dr. Katharine V. Cashman, Chair; Dr. Joshua J. Roering, Member; Dr. Paul J. Wallace, Member; Dr. Patricia F. McDowell, Outside Member; Dr. William W. Chadwick, Outside Member

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