Employees experience a loss of meaning in the workplace as a result of fragmentation and alienation (Casey, 2002). This seems to be the result of a change in the way in which people view their world and their experiences in the world, including their place of work. The purpose of the study was to investigate the loss of meaning at work. The investigation indicated a variety of factors as described by Terez (2000), Casey (2002), and Chalofsky (2010). The problem is not a singular problem which can be discussed in isolation, but tends towards a problem-complex, which relates to negative work-life-experiences and that result in the alienation of the individual from the self, work, the organization and others at work. The purpose of the study: “A meaningful workplace: From theory development to applicability” is to construe a meaningful workplace model through the identification and description of the constitutive dimensions which construe the underlying theoretical base. It was purposefully structured within the Organizational Behaviour domain, to indicate the applicability of the construct and its underlying theoretical base, in management practice in organizational settings. This purpose was pursued along the boundary lines of three objectives: To conceptualize the constitutive elements of the construct: meaningful workplace; to expand (develop) the theoretical base of the construct meaningful workplace and to present evidence for the existence of the construct based on empirical evidence from the world of work. The study follows a qualitative research methodology consisting of a constructivist approach, utilizing two data gathering methods, and interpreted from a phenomenological perspective with a consistent focus on the lived experience of people at work. Two data gathering methods were utilised. Firstly a literature review, of formal scholarly publications was undertaken to identify the constitutive dimensions of the construct. The research followed the lead of the Meaning of Work Project Team (1987), Terez (2000), and Chalofsky (2010), and others. Secondly three empirical data sets were investigated. The first data set consisted of the annual research results of the CRF Institute in relation to the “Best employer to work for”. The second data set consisted of information gleaned from verbatim responses in an exit interview report, being made available for the study. The third data set consists of Repertory Grid interview data. Results of the research indicate that the construct meaningful workplace is an emerging construct in literature and that the tenets exist as an ideal in the lived experience of employees. The study contributes to the expansion (development) of the underlying theory of a meaningful workplace while simultaneously also providing a parallel understanding of human behaviour at work. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Human Resource Management / unrestricted

The purpose of this study is to examine co-workers' experience of working within WISE and their perceived position in the company and at the labor market. The study also aims to investigate whether WISE contributes to perceived participation for co-workers, which is an ambition among these companies. The study answers three questions at issue; (1) How do co-workers within WISE perceive their work? (2) How do co-workers perceive their position and importance within the company and in the labor market? (3) How does work within WISE contribute to participation at the workplace? The study is based on a qualitative research method with an abductive approach. The questions at issue have been answered through eight semi-structured interviews with co-workers within two WISEs. The empirical material has then been analyzed on the basis of previous research linked to WISE and work, as well as our theoretical starting points, which are Empowerment, The work-first principle, Participation and SOC. The main results of the study shows that co-workers within the WISEs we have had contact with value work highly and as an important part of their lives. The work is described as meaningful as it provides the co-workers with a connection to colleagues and a place to be. The co-workers answers further indicate that they do not experience themselves as participants in an employment activity, but they see their position in the labor market as working individuals. By being active within a WISE, the co-workers have gained a sense of empowerment. The methods for how participation is achieved are similar between the two companies, where staff meetings are mentioned as the main strategy. The level of participation varies between co-workers, but what they all have in common is that they experience participation at the workplace. In this way, work within WISE have contributed to participation. / Studien har som syfte att undersöka medarbetarnas upplevelse av att arbeta inom ASF och deras upplevda ställning på företaget samt arbetsmarknaden. Studien syftar även till att undersöka huruvida ASF bidrar till upplevd delaktighet för medarbetarna, vilket är en ambition bland dessa företagen. Studien besvarar tre frågeställningar; (1) Hur upplever medarbetare inom ASF sitt arbete? (2) Hur upplever medarbetare sin position och betydelse inom företaget och på arbetsmarknaden? (3) Hur bidrar arbeten inom ASF till delaktighet på arbetsplatsen? Studien utgår från en kvalitativ forskningsmetod med en abduktiv ansats. Frågeställningarna har besvarats genom åtta semistrukturerade intervjuer med medarbetare inom två ASF. Det empiriska materialet har därefter analyserats utifrån tidigare forskning kopplat till ASF och arbete, samt våra teoretiska utgångspunkter vilka är Empowerment, Arbetslinjen, Delaktighet och KASAM. Studiens huvudresultat visar att medarbetare inom de ASF vi haft kontakt med värderar arbete högt och som en viktig del av deras liv. Arbetet beskrivs som meningsfullt då det tillför för medarbetarna ett sammanhang med kollegor och en plats att vara. Medarbetarnas svar tyder vidare på att de inte upplever sig som deltagare i en sysselsättningsverksamhet utan de ser sin position på arbetsmarknaden som arbetande individer. Genom att vara verksamma inom ASF har medarbetarna erhållit en känsla av empowerment. Metoderna för hur delaktighet uppnås är liknande mellan de två företagen där personalmöten nämns som den främsta strategin. Nivån av delaktighet varierar mellan medarbetarna men gemensamt är att de alla upplever delaktighet på arbetsplatsen. På så sätt har arbete inom ASF bidragit till delaktighet.

Researchers have conducted correlational studies on transformational leadership and perceived meaning in work; however, researchers have not used an experimental design to examine the relationship between transformational leadership and perceived meaning in work. The purpose of this study was to determine whether reading information on transformational leadership, which focused on charisma and individualized consideration, influenced participants' hypothetical judgment of perceived meaning in work. The quantitative study included a 2 x 2 between-subjects design in which information on the independent variables of charisma and individualized consideration was manipulated in a description of a hypothetical leader. The dependent variable was the hypothetical judgment of meaning in work based on the hypothetical description of the leader. The study was a randomized experiment including survey data from 106 participants. Data were analyzed using a 2-way ANOVA. Findings showed reading information on charisma significantly increased participants' perceived meaning in work whereas reading information on individualized consideration decreased participants' perceived meaning in work. Findings may help organizations hire transformational leaders who possess charisma and have the ability to develop followers to become future leaders.

[pt] O presente estudo teve como objetivo entender o sentido atribuído ao trabalho por pessoas com deficiência adquirida, bem como suas eventuais mudanças, no decorrer de suas trajetórias profissionais. Para alcançar este objetivo, foram entrevistadas dez pessoas inseridas no mercado de trabalho que adquiriram uma deficiência permanente entre a adolescência e a vida adulta. Os resultados da pesquisa sugerem que o sentido do trabalho pode mudar para a mesma pessoa, ao longo da sua vida, levando em consideração fatores internos e externos. A aquisição da deficiência não se mostrou como um fator de interferência nos interesses dos entrevistados, mas os fez enxergar o trabalho de outra forma. O trabalho como forma de prazer e vocação, por exemplo, não apareceu como consequência da aquisição da deficiência, mas sim como parte de suas formações identitárias. A deficiência impactou nos meios de atender a essa vocação ou ter prazer, sendo necessária a superação de novas barreiras. Dentre os sentidos do trabalho que se potencializaram, ou surgiram, a partir da aquisição da deficiência, estão: uma forma de lidar com a deficiência; um lugar de interação social; uma forma de afirmação de capacidade; e um caminho para alcançar a autonomia e empoderamento. A geração de valor por meio do trabalho foi considerada fundamental, seja pela produção de qualidade, com respectiva demonstração e reconhecimento, ou pelo impacto positivo na sociedade. As relações afetivas se mostraram muito importantes para esse grupo, inclusive, à frente da esfera do trabalho. A remuneração foi relatada como uma consequência, mas não como um fator de geração de sentido, assim como a progressão na carreira. / [en] This study aimed at understanding the meaning of work for people with an acquired disability, and its eventual changes over their professional careers. In order to achieve this goal we have interviewed ten people, in the labor Market, that have acquired a disability between adolescence and adulthood. Taking internal and external factors into account, our results suggest that the meaning of work can change throughout a person s lifetime. Recurrent meanings of work exposed in speeches, like pleasure and vocation, did not appear as consequences of disability acquisition, but as part of their identities. Disability impact made interviewees search for new ways to fulfill their vocation and find pleasure through work. The disability did not appear as an interference factor on preferences and interests, but in the way interviewees used to see it, making them see work in a new way. Among the different meanings of work that emerged from disability, the most common were: work as a way to deal with disability; as a place of social interaction; as a way to affirm an aptitude; and a way to achieve autonomy and empowerment. Generation of value through work was also considered fundamental, by high quality production, with its respective demonstration and recognition, or by positive social impact. Affective relations were considered more important, than the work environment. Remuneration was reported as consequence, but not as a factor generating meaning, likewise career progression.

O objetivo da pesquisa foi compreender como os auxiliares e técnicos produzem sentidos sobre seu trabalho e sua vida. Entendendo que experiências de sofrimento emocional e transtornos psicossociais podem intervir na produção de sentido, este trabalho investigou também a qualidade de vida no trabalho e a existência de burnout. Foi utilizado o método quantitativo e qualitativo. Os instrumentos utilizados foram o Inventário de Burnout de Maslach para profissionais de saúde (MBI-HSS), a escala BPSO-96 e um protocolo de entrevista semidirigida. A pesquisa foi realizada no Hospital Universitário da Universidade de São Paulo, as escalas foram aplicadas a 166 profissionais de saúde, dentre técnicos, auxiliares e outros profissionais do hospital e foram entrevistados 20 destes participantes. As escalas foram analisadas estatisticamente tanto na amostra inteira quanto segmentada em dois grupos, um de auxiliares e técnicos de enfermagem e um grupo de outros profissionais para verificar se os fenômenos observados no primeiro grupo são específicos dessa categoria profissional. As entrevistas foram categorizadas e analisadas. Os resultados apontaram alto nível de despersonalização, médio de exaustão, baixa realização pessoal.e nível médio de satisfação com a Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho, não havendo diferença estatística significativa entre os dois grupos. O momento de crise política vivenciado pelo hospital durante a coleta de dados pode ter interferido nos resultados, uma vez que as entrevistas semidirigidas revelaram insegurança, luto pela perda do hospital idealizado e insegurança quanto ao seu futuro profissional. Quanto aos sentidos produzidos, os profissionais entendem que sua prática é imprescindível para o tratamento médico, percebem-se como elo essencial entre paciente e equipe multidisciplinar e referem reconhecimento social pela atuação na área da saúde. Os auxiliares e técnicos de enfermagem revelaram ainda satisfação pelo ato de cuidar, tendo na recuperação dos pacientes e seu reconhecimento e gratidão, importante fonte de produção de sentido da prática profissional / The objective of the research was comprehending how they give meaning to their work and life. Seeing that experiences of emotional suffering and psychosocial disorders may interfere in the meaning of work, this research has also looked into the quality of work life and the existence of burnout syndrome. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used. The research instruments applied were Maslach Burnout Inventory- Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS), the BPSO-96 scale and a guide of semi structured interviews. The research was carried out at the University Hospital in São Paulo, the scales were applied to 166 health professionals, among assistants and other health professionals. 20 participants were interviewed. The scales were statically analyzed on the whole and segmented samples in two groups, one with nursing assistants and other one with other professionals, so both results were compared. The interviews were categorized and analyzed. The results have shown a high level of depersonalization, a medium level of exhaustion, a low level of personal fulfillment and a medium level of satisfaction with the quality of work life, there has not been a representative statistical difference between the two groups. The hospital was going through a political crisis during the data collection which may have interfered in the results, once the semi structured interviews have revealed insecurity, mourning over the loss of the idealized hospital and feeling of uncertainty towards their professional future. With regard to the meaning of work, the professionals understand that their practice is indispensable for medical treatments. They see themselves as a necessary link between patients and multidisciplinary teams. They also mention social recognition for the work in the health area and satisfaction when taking care of patients, seeing their recovery and gratitude as an important source of meaning in the professional practice

Submitted by Fabio Siqueira (fgsiqueira@hotmail.com) on 2016-12-30T17:16:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação MPA FABIO Siqueira 2016 VFF .pdf: 494087 bytes, checksum: a7976fdc83cf32333abccc1b37795419 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Fabiana da Silva Segura (fabiana.segura@fgv.br) on 2016-12-30T17:17:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação MPA FABIO Siqueira 2016 VFF .pdf: 494087 bytes, checksum: a7976fdc83cf32333abccc1b37795419 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-30T18:10:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação MPA FABIO Siqueira 2016 VFF .pdf: 494087 bytes, checksum: a7976fdc83cf32333abccc1b37795419 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-12 / This thesis is about the meaning of work for employees in a retail company. It seeks to understand what motivates the stay in the company and what are the main problems and obstacles that can hinder the work of employees in the company studied. This issue is relevant because the human capital is one of the most important factors in the competitive advantage of organizations belonging to this sector. The purpose of this research is to understand, through a case study in a retail company, what are the main meanings considered by the retail company’s employees to stay and develop a professional career in the organization. In order to find an understanding of these subjects, this research is based on theoretical discussions about the meaning of work (MORIN, 2001). The main research questions are: i) what is the meaning of retail work? ii) What are the main reasons for joy and pleasure at work in the retail company? iii) What are the main difficulties of working in the retail company? It is considered that the answers to these questions can help clarify essential aspects about employee turnover and retention, and thus bring suggestions and practices for the development of human capital in the company studied. To achieve this goal, a survey was conducted, using interviews in a large retail company, with several employees, both at managerial levels, who manage teams, and with employees of the operations that don’t manage teams. This survey identified that the main positive factors, that give meaning and pleasure at work were: that the work is done efficiently and produces a useful result; that the work is morally acceptable, mainly due to the company’s purporse of making sports accessible for the many; that the work is intrinsically satisfatoy in some topics; and that the work is source of experiences of satisfying human relations. The main difficulties pointed out, in this survey, were: that the work is done efficiently and produces a useful result, mainly due to the dynamism that generates a great number of changes and manager shifts; that the work was not intrinsically satisfatory due to the lack of monitoring and clarity in the objectives and results; and the other difficulty was about the occupation of the work, due to the workload of the retail and lack of regular scheduling. It is expected that with this study, the results will contribute to the business and academic practice through improvements based on the knowledge obtained about the meanings of work that are relevant to men and women in the company of the retail sector. Consequently, this research reveals the aspects that define the permanence of the employees in the company studied. The results can help human resource professionals develop and disseminate best practices for people management in the retail industry. / Esta dissertação trata da questão dos sentidos do trabalho para colaboradores em empresa do setor de varejo. Busca compreender quais são os motivos que incentivam a permanência e quais são os principais problemas e obstáculos que podem dificultar o trabalho dos empregados na empresa estudada. Esta questão é relevante, pois o capital humano é um dos fatores mais importantes na vantagem competitiva das empresas deste setor. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi de compreender, por meio de um estudo de caso em empresa de varejo, quais são os principais sentidos e significados considerados pelos colaboradores da empresa de varejo para permanecer e desenvolver uma vida profissional na organização. Para buscar a compreensão destas questões, esta pesquisa se apoiou nas discussões teóricas sobre o sentido do trabalho (MORIN, 2001). As perguntas centrais de pesquisa foram: i) qual o significado do trabalho no varejo? ii) quais os principais motivos de alegria e de prazer no trabalho na empresa de varejo? iii) quais são as principais dificuldades de trabalho na empresa de varejo? Considera-se que as respostas a essas questões podem ajudar a esclarecer aspectos essenciais sobre a rotatividade e retenção dos empregados, e trazer, assim, sugestões e práticas para o desenvolvimento do capital humano na empresa estudada. Para atingir este objetivo foi realizada uma pesquisa, com o uso de entrevistas em uma grande empresa de varejo, com vários colaboradores, tanto de níveis gerenciais, que administram equipes, como com colaboradores da parte operacional que não gerenciam equipes. Este estudo identificou que os principais fatores positivos, que trazem significado e prazer no trabalho, foram: que o trabalho é realizado de forma eficiente e produz um resultado útil; que o trabalho é moralmente aceitável, principalmente devido ao propósito da empresa em democratizar o esporte; que o trabalho é intrinsecamente satisfatório em alguns tópicos; e que o trabalho na empresa estudada é fonte de experiências de relações humanas satisfatórias. Com relação às principais dificuldades, a pesquisa apontou os seguintes pontos: dificuldade na realização de um trabalho de forma eficiente que produz um resultado útil, esta, principalmente devido ao dinamismo que gera um grande número de mudanças e alterações dos gestores; outra dificuldade muito apontada foi em relação ao trabalho ser intrinsecamente satisfatório, devido ao fato de, por vezes, faltar acompanhamento e clareza nos objetivos e resultados; e a outra dificuldade frequentemente abordada foi sobre a ocupação do trabalho, isto devido a carga de trabalho do varejo e falta de regularidade da rotina. Espera-se, com este estudo realizado, que os resultados tragam contribuição para a prática empresarial e acadêmica com melhorias a partir do conhecimento obtido sobre os sentidos do trabalho relevantes para homens e mulheres na empresa do setor de varejo. Consequentemente, revele os aspectos que marcam a permanência dos empregados na empresa estudada. Os resultados podem ajudar profissionais de recursos humanos a desenvolver e disseminar melhores práticas para a gestão de pessoas no setor do varejo.

O objetivo da pesquisa foi compreender como os auxiliares e técnicos produzem sentidos sobre seu trabalho e sua vida. Entendendo que experiências de sofrimento emocional e transtornos psicossociais podem intervir na produção de sentido, este trabalho investigou também a qualidade de vida no trabalho e a existência de burnout. Foi utilizado o método quantitativo e qualitativo. Os instrumentos utilizados foram o Inventário de Burnout de Maslach para profissionais de saúde (MBI-HSS), a escala BPSO-96 e um protocolo de entrevista semidirigida. A pesquisa foi realizada no Hospital Universitário da Universidade de São Paulo, as escalas foram aplicadas a 166 profissionais de saúde, dentre técnicos, auxiliares e outros profissionais do hospital e foram entrevistados 20 destes participantes. As escalas foram analisadas estatisticamente tanto na amostra inteira quanto segmentada em dois grupos, um de auxiliares e técnicos de enfermagem e um grupo de outros profissionais para verificar se os fenômenos observados no primeiro grupo são específicos dessa categoria profissional. As entrevistas foram categorizadas e analisadas. Os resultados apontaram alto nível de despersonalização, médio de exaustão, baixa realização pessoal.e nível médio de satisfação com a Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho, não havendo diferença estatística significativa entre os dois grupos. O momento de crise política vivenciado pelo hospital durante a coleta de dados pode ter interferido nos resultados, uma vez que as entrevistas semidirigidas revelaram insegurança, luto pela perda do hospital idealizado e insegurança quanto ao seu futuro profissional. Quanto aos sentidos produzidos, os profissionais entendem que sua prática é imprescindível para o tratamento médico, percebem-se como elo essencial entre paciente e equipe multidisciplinar e referem reconhecimento social pela atuação na área da saúde. Os auxiliares e técnicos de enfermagem revelaram ainda satisfação pelo ato de cuidar, tendo na recuperação dos pacientes e seu reconhecimento e gratidão, importante fonte de produção de sentido da prática profissional / The objective of the research was comprehending how they give meaning to their work and life. Seeing that experiences of emotional suffering and psychosocial disorders may interfere in the meaning of work, this research has also looked into the quality of work life and the existence of burnout syndrome. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used. The research instruments applied were Maslach Burnout Inventory- Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS), the BPSO-96 scale and a guide of semi structured interviews. The research was carried out at the University Hospital in São Paulo, the scales were applied to 166 health professionals, among assistants and other health professionals. 20 participants were interviewed. The scales were statically analyzed on the whole and segmented samples in two groups, one with nursing assistants and other one with other professionals, so both results were compared. The interviews were categorized and analyzed. The results have shown a high level of depersonalization, a medium level of exhaustion, a low level of personal fulfillment and a medium level of satisfaction with the quality of work life, there has not been a representative statistical difference between the two groups. The hospital was going through a political crisis during the data collection which may have interfered in the results, once the semi structured interviews have revealed insecurity, mourning over the loss of the idealized hospital and feeling of uncertainty towards their professional future. With regard to the meaning of work, the professionals understand that their practice is indispensable for medical treatments. They see themselves as a necessary link between patients and multidisciplinary teams. They also mention social recognition for the work in the health area and satisfaction when taking care of patients, seeing their recovery and gratitude as an important source of meaning in the professional practice

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The meaning of work is a construct studied since the 1980s in various sciences such as psychology, nursing, administration, economics, due to the great influence it has suffered and exercised, concomitantly, in the lives of individuals, organizations, society and culture in general. Besides this breadth and dynamism, it is a construct with multiple and sometimes contradictory facets, which can be evaluative (meaning work from the perception of how it should be) and descriptive (as it really is). The research about employees of on urban sanitation and solid waste collection still are few, and the existing were made with open instruments, due to the difficulty of data collection with people of elementary school. It had objective the understanding the meaning of work and its centrality to 358 street-sweeper and garbage collector outsourced from Aracaju / SE, from the survey and ranking of descriptive and evaluative factors. It had the Meaning of Work Inventory, validated in Brazil, as well as questions about the centrality of work and socio-demographic data. The sample consisted of male sex workers (92,2%) with elementary education (64.0%), married / stable (52.2%), 1 to 3 children (58.1%) in average: 33 years (DP = 9,60), 34.82 months for the company (DP = 42.52) and individual income of R$ 617,03 (DP = R$ 141,13). The data were subjected to parametric and non-parametric statistical analysis and presented results as: predominance of instrumental role in the work description (FD3 - Familiar and Personal Survival) and valuation (FV5 - Familiar and Personal Survival) of the meaning of work for the general sample (FD3 = 4.34 and = FV5 4.51) and for the subsample of street-sweeper (FD3 = 4,34 and FV5 = 4,53). Experience of justice in the workplace (FD2 = 3,36) lower than expected (FV2 = 4,59) for all participants. The centrality of work (11.7%) was lower than the centrality of the family (79.6%). It is believed that the sample, the changing world of work and the time gap between the research that originated the IST and this contributed to the inconsistency of a factor for the overall sample. The study ever deeper about meaning of work and its instruments, especially for those workers, which increasingly rely on the health and welfare of all living beings, enables more effective actions in organizational management and promotes improvements in quality life at work, on worker health, productivity and performance. / O significado do trabalho é um constructo estudado desde a década de 1980 por diversas ciências, como a Psicologia, Enfermagem, Administração e Economia, devido à grande influência que exerce e sofre, concomitantemente, na vida dos indivíduos, nas organizações, na sociedade em geral. Além desta amplitude e dinamismo conceitual, trata-se de um constructo com múltiplas e, às vezes, contraditórias facetas, as quais podem ser valorativas (significação do trabalho a partir da percepção de como o mesmo deveria ser) e descritivas (de como realmente é). Poucas ainda são as pesquisas sobre trabalhadores da limpeza urbana e coleta de resíduos sólidos, e as existentes foram realizadas com instrumentos abertos, devido à dificuldade da coleta com pessoas de baixa escolaridade. Objetivou-se compreender do significado do trabalho para 358 agentes de limpeza e coletores de uma empresa terceirizada de Aracaju/SE, a partir do levantamento e hierarquia dos fatores descritivos e valorativos e da centralidade. Foi utilizado o Inventário do Significado do Trabalho, validado no Brasil, além de questão sobre centralidade do trabalho e dados sócio-demográficos. A amostra foi composta por trabalhadores do sexo masculino (92,2%), ensino fundamental incompleto (64,0%), casado/união estável (52,2%), de 1 a 3 filhos (58,1%), em média: 33 anos (DP=9,60), 34,82 meses de empresa (DP=42,52) e renda individual de R$617,03 (DP=R$141,13). Os dados foram submetidos a análises estatísticas paramétricas e não-paramétricas e apresentaram como resultados: predominância da função instrumental do trabalho na descrição (FD3 Sobrevivência Pessoal e Familiar) e na valoração (FV5 Sobrevivência Pessoal e Familiar) do significado do trabalho para a amostra geral (FD3=4,34 e FV5=4,51) e para a subamostra de agentes de limpeza (FD3=4,34 e FV5=4,53). Vivência de justiça no trabalho (FD2=3,36) mostrou-se menor que deveria ser (FV2=4,59) para todos os sujeitos. A centralidade do trabalho (11,7%) apresentou-se menor do que a centralidade da família (79,6%). Acredita-se que a amostra, as mudanças no mundo do trabalho e o lapso temporal entre as pesquisas que originou o IST e esta contribuíram para a inconsistência de um fator para a amostra geral. O estudo cada vez mais aprofundado do significado do trabalho e seus instrumentos, especialmente para esses trabalhadores, dos quais cada vez mais dependem a saúde e o bem-estar de todos, possibilita ações mais eficazes na gestão organizacional e favorece melhorias na qualidade de vida no trabalho, na saúde do trabalhador, na produtividade e no desempenho.

Dans le contexte d'incertitude de nos sociétés contemporaines, les questions d'orientation renvoient de plus en plus à celles du « sens » (Bernaud, 2014). La nature même des carrières se trouve modifiée, caractérisée par de nombreux changements et ruptures (Savickas et Pouyaud, in press). Si la conceptualisation et la mesure du sens du travail font l'objet d'une littérature scientifique croissante, peu d'études ont été conduites sur ses relations avec des événements de vie. L'objectif de la thèse est d'analyser les relations réciproques entre le sens du travail et la mobilité professionnelle. La première partie de nos résultats est consacrée à l'étude de validité d'une nouvelle échelle du sens du travail auprès de salariés français, l'Inventaire du Sens du Travail. La seconde partie des résultats montre globalement l'existence de liens significatifs entre le sens du travail et la mobilité professionnelle, à travers trois études distinctes. Une première étude qualitative exploratoire vise, à partir d'entretiens semi-directifs d'agents administratifs, à mieux comprendre la manière dont l'individu construit du sens suite à une mobilité. Dans le cadre d'une deuxième étude quantitative menée auprès de 501 agents d'universités françaises, les analyses de régression hiérarchique indiquent que la personnalité et les indicateurs subjectifs de la mobilité professionnelle expliquent respectivement 17% et 21% de la variance du sens du travail. Ces résultats soulignent plus particulièrement l'importance de la perception qu'a l'individu de son expérience de mobilité professionnelle dans la compréhension du sens du travail. Une troisième étude quantitative auprès d'un échantillon de 336 salariés issus d'horizons professionnels diversifiés, permet de montrer l'influence du sens du travail sur les intentions de quitter son emploi et/ou sa structure, de même que le rôle de médiateur du sens du travail entre certains facteurs d'insatisfaction professionnelle et ces mêmes intentions de quitter. A partir de nos résultats et de l'analyse de la littérature, nous proposons un modèle dynamique du sens du travail ainsi que le modèle d'une mobilité dite « signifiante », c'est-à-dire en interaction réciproque avec le sens du travail. / In the context of uncertainty in our contemporary society, guidance issues relate more to those of the "meaning" (Bernaud, 2014). The nature of careers is modified, characterized by many changes and ruptures (Savickas and Pouyaud, in press). Despite the conceptualization and the measurement of the meaning of work being the subject of a growing scientific literature, little research has been conducted on its relationship with life events. This thesis aims to analyze the relationships between the meaning of work and career changes. The first part of our results is devoted to the validation of a psychometric instrument among French workers for assessing meaning of work (IST – Inventaire du Sens du Travail). The second part of overall results shows significant reciprocal links between the meaning of work and career changes, through three separate studies. An initial exploratory qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews with administrative staff, aims to better understand how the individual constructs meaning after an employment change. In the framework of a second quantitative study conducted with 501 administrative staff working in French universities, hierarchical regression analyzes indicate that personality and subjective indicators of professional mobility explain respectively 17% and 21% of the variance of the meaning of work. These results specifically highlight the importance of the individual's perception of the experienced career change in the understanding of the meaning of work. A third quantitative study with a sample of 336 employees working in diversified professional fields, shows the influence of the meaning of work on withdrawal intentions, as well as the role of mediator of the meaning of work between job dissatisfaction factors and the withdrawal intentions. Based on our literature review and results, we propose a dynamic model of the meaning of work as well as a model of a “meaningful” career change, that is to say, in reciprocal interaction with the meaning of work.

<p>The purpose of this research was to investigate how work orientation (job, career, and calling) affects the professional life of leaders; and how leaders perceive their work regarding these three dimensions. In addition, this study aimed to relate work orientation to performance. Also, phenomenology approach allowed a deep investigation of the experience of leaders with regard to their work.</p><p> For this purpose, two surveys were used; one was on work orientation and the other on performance. After completion of the surveys, six participants were invited to participate in an in-depth interview. The participants were aligned with the calling orientation and had a high performance at work. They described their work as integrated into their lives, involving their families in decisions, helping people, and desiring to make a difference in this world. Also, the findings showed that people who live a calling feel that work and life have intertwined meanings. The motivation, well-being, connection with an organization, engagement with work, and having a purpose were factors that had significance for those who perceive work as a calling. The main results were that the participants faced new challenges, built new meanings and understandings about work during their careers. Each experience helped them to improve the next, while also improving their performance. The relationship between these factors revealed a cycle of meanings. The cycle represents the evolution of the creation of new meanings which defines how people perceive their work and how that influences performance. Furthermore, this study showed that it is possible to change the perception of work through goals, achievement, working context, the adversities faced, stages of life, and the work environment. All of these lead to new meanings and becoming aligned to different dimensions of work orientation. </p><p><br></p><p><br></p>