O presente estudo teve como objetivo principal compreender como o consumo de psicofármacos se legitimou como uma tecnologia de si no interior do dispositivo de medicalização. Concluímos que esta é uma tecnologia que incide sobre os corpos por estar acoplada aos modos de subjetivação contemporâneos. A análise aqui apresentada trata do contexto social de Boa Vista das Missões, um pequeno município do Rio Grande do Sul. Realizamos uma pesquisa de campo com seis meses de duração e entrevistamos uma amostra representativa de 400 pessoas. A análise dos relatos e das informações construídas buscou dar visibilidade aos enunciados presentes nas formações discursivas que definem e explicam o consumo de psicofármacos por 53% dos 400 pesquisados. Utilizamos a perspectiva genealógica de Michel Foucault para refletir sobre este campo de pesquisa e problematizar a produção de modos de vida marcados por formas de controle individualizantes e totalizantes ao mesmo tempo. Neste sentido, partimos do histórico da inserção dos psicofármacos em nossa cultura para entender as dimensões que ocupam neste contexto. A análise pode identificar as redes enunciativas no interior do dispositivo de medicalização que fundamentam uma apresentação do biopoder que se sustenta no tripé “dependência, assistencialismo, individualismo” / The main goal of this research was to comprehend how the consuming of psychoactive prescribed drugs was legitimated as a technology of the self inside the medicalization device (dispositf). We concluded that this technology has its incidence on the body because it is attached to contemporary modes of subjectification. The analysis presented here refers to Boa Vista das Missões, a small town in the countryside of Rio Grande do Sul state. We conducted a six months field research and interviewed a sample of 400 inhabitants. The accomplished speech and data analysis intended to give visibly to the discursive formations’ statements that explain and sustain the consuming of prescribed psychoactive drugs by 53% of 400 researched We used Michel Foucault’s genealogical perspective to guide our understanding of the research field and to problematize the production of lifestyles characterized by individualized and totalized forms of control. As a stating point we described the history of the introduction of psychoactive drugs in our culture in order to understand the dimension of the consuming in this specific context. The analysis identified statements arragements in the interior of the medicalization device (dispositif) that found a form of biopower sustained in the tripe “dependence – assistancialism – individualism”.

O presente estudo teve como objetivo principal compreender como o consumo de psicofármacos se legitimou como uma tecnologia de si no interior do dispositivo de medicalização. Concluímos que esta é uma tecnologia que incide sobre os corpos por estar acoplada aos modos de subjetivação contemporâneos. A análise aqui apresentada trata do contexto social de Boa Vista das Missões, um pequeno município do Rio Grande do Sul. Realizamos uma pesquisa de campo com seis meses de duração e entrevistamos uma amostra representativa de 400 pessoas. A análise dos relatos e das informações construídas buscou dar visibilidade aos enunciados presentes nas formações discursivas que definem e explicam o consumo de psicofármacos por 53% dos 400 pesquisados. Utilizamos a perspectiva genealógica de Michel Foucault para refletir sobre este campo de pesquisa e problematizar a produção de modos de vida marcados por formas de controle individualizantes e totalizantes ao mesmo tempo. Neste sentido, partimos do histórico da inserção dos psicofármacos em nossa cultura para entender as dimensões que ocupam neste contexto. A análise pode identificar as redes enunciativas no interior do dispositivo de medicalização que fundamentam uma apresentação do biopoder que se sustenta no tripé “dependência, assistencialismo, individualismo” / The main goal of this research was to comprehend how the consuming of psychoactive prescribed drugs was legitimated as a technology of the self inside the medicalization device (dispositf). We concluded that this technology has its incidence on the body because it is attached to contemporary modes of subjectification. The analysis presented here refers to Boa Vista das Missões, a small town in the countryside of Rio Grande do Sul state. We conducted a six months field research and interviewed a sample of 400 inhabitants. The accomplished speech and data analysis intended to give visibly to the discursive formations’ statements that explain and sustain the consuming of prescribed psychoactive drugs by 53% of 400 researched We used Michel Foucault’s genealogical perspective to guide our understanding of the research field and to problematize the production of lifestyles characterized by individualized and totalized forms of control. As a stating point we described the history of the introduction of psychoactive drugs in our culture in order to understand the dimension of the consuming in this specific context. The analysis identified statements arragements in the interior of the medicalization device (dispositif) that found a form of biopower sustained in the tripe “dependence – assistancialism – individualism”.

Este trabalho constitui-se como uma narrativa de experiência que busca mostrar os efeitos de uma intervenção urbana construída para disseminar outros modos de pensar a saúde, diante de um contexto de transformação de comportamentos tidos como indesejáveis em transtornos que requerem cuidados médicos, acarretando um uso crescente de medicamentos controlados. Embora o propósito inicial da intervenção pretendesse alcançar a temática do estigma carregado pela loucura, terminou por incidir sobre as práticas medicalizadas – entende-se que este deslocamento, se diz respeito a uma troca de posição, expressa um mesmo lugar de desvalia e clausura direcionado às manifestações da diferença – antes entregues aos espaço manicomial, hoje contidas por meio de diagnósticos e do uso de psicofármacos. Percebe-se que as marcas da loucura seguem necessitando ser silenciadas. A intervenção chamada Receituário Mais que Especial foi criada a partir do encontro da pesquisadora com o Espaço Liso, projeto de extensão da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, constituído como um grupo interdisciplinar de arte e experimentação envolvendo produções de Arte na sua interface com a Saúde e a Educação. As prescrições que se produziram por meio do Receituário eram lúdicas e as mais inusitadas, direcionadas a crianças, adolescentes, adultos e idosos, com o objetivo de, por meio da delicadeza, da ocupação do espaço público e do cuidado, permitir aos sujeitos experimentar o lugar da fala e da escuta e, diante da velocidade e atropelamento do cotidiano, buscar olhar para seus próprios movimentos de vida e para aquilo que lhes incita prazer. Num mundo marcado pelo crescente aumento da medicalização, o que se quis com esta atividade foi a criação de um espaço de conversa onde os aspectos de saúde fossem colocados em primeiro plano e, desta forma, a busca por alisar o espaço estriado do discurso medicalizado. / The present document compiles a narrative of experiences to present the effects of a urban intervention built, transforming some called undesired behaviors in disorders that require medical attention where the common treatment is to increase the dosage of controlled drugs. Despite the initial proposal of the happening was to reach the stigma of mental illness audience, it ended up to influence other medicalization practices – we understand that this shift is related to a swap of places, expressing the same felling of depreciation and enclosure targeting of the difference manifestations - before delivered to manicomial spaces, today inside medical diagnosis and the usage of psychiatric drugs. We realize that the marks of crazyness still need to be sillenced. The urban intervantion called: “Receituário Mais que Especial” (meaning “A More Than Especial Prescription Pad”, in english) results from a meeting of “Espaço Liso” (meaning “Smooth Space”, in english) initiative, an extension project of Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) proposing an interdisciplinary research group on the experimentation of art as an interface to health-care and education. Prescriptions of “The Pad” are ludic and very unusual, directed to children, teenagers, adults, and elders, the goal is, through kindness, ocupation of public spaces, and care, to allow people experience the process of talking and being listened, against the speed and rush of the day-by-day life. With that we invite people to search for their own moves that encourage pleasure, in a world marked by the increasing of medicalization, with this activity we create an open dialog where health-care aspects are put first, through that we search to smooth the striated space of the medicalized speech.

A partir da investigação dos determinantes históricos e sociais que transformaram a escola em um dispositivo regulador da inclusão da criança no domínio do saber médico psiquiátrico, busca-se discutir o lugar e a função que a medicalização na infância tem ocupado no laço social, fundamentalmente, para as instituições que se ocupam da criança na atualidade. Para tanto, retoma de que maneira se produziu a constituição de um saber e de discursos psicológicos e psiquiátricos sobre a criança, investigando de que maneira esses discursos produzem obstáculos ao processo educativo e civilizatório, numa lógica em que o mal-estar, quando não reconhecido, retorna ao discurso sob a forma de patologia. Ocasião em que a criança é transformada em objeto de amor eterno ou de pesquisa científica, impedindo a morte da representação narcísica primária do infans no laço social que, organizado a partir do discurso da ciência e do capitalismo, sustenta a promessa do encontro entre o ideal e o sujeito numa lógica em que a medicalização sustenta a possibilidade de realização dessa promessa, mesmo às custas da morte do sujeito / From the investigation of historic and social determinants which have transformed the school into a regulator of the inclusion of the child in the medical psychiatrical knowledge domain, this work seeks to discuss the place and role that medicalization during the childhood has occupied in the social bond, fundamentally, for the institutions that deal with children nowadays. To do this, it revisits the ways that led to the production of a knowledge constitution as well as the psychological and psychiatrical discourses about the child, investigating how these discourses produce obstacles in the educational and civilization process, in a logic in which malaise, when not recognized, returns to the discourse as a pathology. In this occasion, the child is transformed into an object of eternal love or scientific research, preventing the death of the primary narcissistic representation of the infans in the social bond which, when organized by the discourse of science and capitalism, sustains the promise of the encounter between the ideal and the subject in a logic in which medicalization sustains the possibility of the realization of this promise, even at the expense of the subjects death

No description available.

The mass media influences our worldviews and perceptions, especially of social problems and potential solutions. Importantly, media messages, especially when repeated over time and during a crisis (real or perceived), tend to influence future public policy. Consistent with other periods of crisis and uncertainty, the COVID-19 pandemicization has led to an increased consumption of and reliance on news for accurate information and guidance on what to do and how to act amidst changing public health regulations and social norms. While the aging demographic has made media headlines before the COVID-19 pandemic was declared, the death of nearly 4,000 long-term care facility patients in Ontario alone since March 2020, most of them older adults, has increased the salience of Long-Term Care in the news (television, radio, newspapers, and digital news platforms). In this regard, many claims have been made in the media regarding older adults and their care and safety. But how are the problems leading to mass deaths in LTCFs defined and subsequent solutions presented in the mass media? In order to answer this question, this research asks: how are aging, care, and safety constructed or portrayed in newspaper coverage of LTC in Ontario during the first eight months of the COVID-19 pandemicization? Moreover, what are the implications of these portrayals for an aging population whereby nearly all of us will either need assistance at some point in our lives, provide this assistance to others, or both? Newspaper articles in the National Post on the topic of LTC from March to November 2020 were reviewed using Critical Discourse Analysis. Findings indicate event bias in reporting, journalistic ignorance on the issues in LTC and for those confined therein, dehumanization of older adult subjects, and highly medicalized notions of care and safety. / Thesis / Master of Arts (MA) / The mass media influences our perceptions, especially of societal problems and potential solutions. Consistent with other periods of uncertainty, since the declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic, consumption of and reliance on news has increased among the public. Importantly, media messaging during a crisis often influences future public policy with the potential to further exacerbate the crisis. The death of nearly 4,000 long-term care facility patients in Ontario alone since March 2020, most of them older adults, has increased the salience of Long-Term Care in the news, but toward what end? In order to deconstruct media messages during this time of tremendous upheaval, this research asks: how are age(ing), care, and safety portrayed in newspaper coverage of LTC in Ontario during the first eight months of the COVID-19 pandemic? What are the consequences of these portrayals for an aging population whereby nearly all of us will either need assistance at some point in our lives, provide this assistance to others, or both?

No description available.

No description available.

This dissertation explores understandings of food and hunger in the United States within the sociocultural context of neoliberalism. Using fieldwork conducting in Norristown, Pennsylvania, I critically explore understandings of the diet and link these understandings to the large-scale economic restructuring that has played out since 1980. To provide a backdrop for this analysis, I first detail the history of Norristown and situate the space in present times and a deindustrialized urban center where low-income residents face limited access to affordable healthy foods. Previous to the election of Ronald Reagan, a relatively robust social safety net was in place to assist people living in these situations, but this safety net has shrunk during the era of neoliberalism. Neoliberal policy shifts in food assistance programs serve as a launching point for my analysis of understandings of food. I first consider the remnants of the food assistance bureaucracy and how food programs play out from federal to local levels. I then shift my attention to the increased emphasis on nutrition education programs as a strategy to alleviate the poor dietary status of many who live on fixed incomes. Here, I am concerned with how these programs shift the responsibility for the diet onto the individuals themselves while doing little to ensure proper access to healthy foods. Ideas of individual responsibility also play out among the many volunteers involved in private food charities, and in the food advertisements that can be seen all over the urban space of Norristown. Taken together a complex picture of the diet emerges that is very much reflective of neoliberal ideology. / Anthropology

This study is an exploration of the ways that female self-mutilation has been medicalized in Western society and the consequences of this medicalization. The goal of this study is to provide an alternative approach to the way female self-mutilation is understood—one that views self-mutilation not as a symptom of individual psychopathology, but as an extreme response to a set of deeply embedded social expectations. Using the feminist constructionist model, semi-structured interviews were conducted with five women who have participated in various forms of self-injurious behavior. Findings indicate that this behavior does indeed occur within a social context—one rooted in patriarchal ideologies. These ideologies also seemed to influence whether the women in this study, who had been medically treated for this behavior, perceived this form of intervention as a positive or negative experience. / Master of Science